"Year of Strengthening National Sovereignty"

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SAN MARTÍN

FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND HUMANITIES
PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL OF LANGUAGES

TEACHER: Mg. Gómez Alegría Fernanda

COURSE: Instituciones Británicas y
Norteamericanas.
CYCLE: VIII
STUDENTS:
_ Lucerito Jasmin Huallata Rios
_ Ruth Huaman Lozada
_ Ximena López Torres
The United
States
political
system
After the United States declared its independence from Great
Britain, the country set out to organize their own political
system. manager

In 1748 Montesquieu had presented his

ideas on how best to organize a political
system.

Montesquieu’s idea was that power must be

divided into a legislative, an executive, and a
judicial branch.
THE AMERICAN
CONSTITUTION
It was created in 1787 and it
was adopted by the original
thirteen states in 1788. The
Constitution guides American
law and the whole political
culture.
 EXECUTIVE BRANCH
The executive branch is run
entirely by the president of
the United States, who is
elected through a system
known as the Electoral To more effectively
College.
enforce the law, the
president selects 15
Cabinet members,
who specialize in a
particular subset of
policies and who act as
The president advisors to the
president.
who resides in and To check the power of
governs from the the legislative branch,
White House — is the the president may, at
head of state and their own discretion,
commander-in-chief veto (or reject) a law
of the armed forces passed by the
legislative body.
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
The legislative branch has
two basic functions:
To write the laws
governing the country
To allocate funds
needed for running the
government
 THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
OR THE LOWER CHAMBER

is meant to directly
represent the will
of the people. The
6 non-voting members:
House contains, in
Puerto Rico, Guam, the RESPONSIBILITIES
total, 435 elected
Commonwealth of The power to impeach the
members
Northern Mariana Islands, President and judges of the
American Samoa, the U.S. Supreme Court.
Virgin Islands, and the The ability to elect the President
District of Columbia. in the event of a tie.
Approve any treaty involving
foreign trade.
 THE SENATE OR THE UPPER
CHAMBER

Each state is given

2 representatives,
making for a total
the upper chamber has
of 100 senators in
been elected directly by RESPONSIBILITIES
the upper
popular vote. You confirm presidential appointments
chamber.
The vice president acts as to the Supreme Court.
president of the Senate To approve the international treaties
negotiated by the President.
Act as a jury in case of impeachment
against the President or a member of the
Supreme Court.
 JUDICIAL
BRANCH
the Supreme Court, 94 district courts, and 13 circuit courts
has two fundamental powers:

To interpret the law and apply its interpretations to

specific cases
To determine whether a given law abides by the precepts
of the U.S. Constitution

Ever since 1869, there have been 9 Supreme

Court Justices.

The Justices are appointed by the president

and approved by the Senate, and they hold
their seats for their entire lives
 The two-party
system
Republicans generally espouse more
conservative (or “right”) views and support
policies to reduce federal regulations, strengthen
the military,

Democrats, on the other hand, generally lean toward more liberal (or
“left”) opinions and support policies to strengthen social services
The Pluralist Model argues that power is
dispersed throughout many competing interest
groups and that politics is about negotiation.

The Power‐Elite Model argues the reverse,

claiming that power rests in the hands of the
wealthy—particularly business, government, and
the military.
 State and local
government
State governments can do things like:
Administer a state court system
Create schools
The 10th Amendment gives power to the Oversee municipal governments
states, so long as those powers have not Regulate intrastate trade
been delegated by the Constitution to the
U.S. government.
 State governments can also perform
functions concurrently with the federal
government.

Implement a tax
system
Build and operate
infrastructure, such as
roads and trains
Oversee elections