ICT

ICT- offers a wide range of applications; help to best address situational challenges in a specific
professional track.
ICT in the Philippines:
-Several international companies dub the Philippines as the "ICT Hub of Asia"; one of which is the call
center or BPO (Business Process Outsourcing) centers.
-Time Magazine's The Selfiest Cities around the World" of 2013 places two cities from the Philippines in
the top 1 and top 10 spots.
World Wide Web (WWW or W3) -by Tim Berners-Lee; formatted in a markup language called HTML
(Hypertext Markup Language) ; contain text, graphics, multimedia files, hyperlinks and etc.
Web 1.0-1st development of WWW ;web pages are static; flat or stationary page and it cannot be
manipulated by users, Webpages were static and are called read web only
Web 2.0 -2004; Users can now interact, contribute and create their own internet space and content
(Explosion of Information & Media); Example: Blog sites, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube
Features of Web 2.0
Folksonomy – classify and arrange information by adding tag or label. Pound sign (#)
Rich User Experience – high interaction with the content of the page
User Participation – user can put content on their own in web page like comment, evaluation, and etc.
Long Tail – brings individual and businesses into selling different goods( OLX, Lazada, Shopee, Zalora)
Software as a service – subscribe to a software when they need it instead of purchasing them.
Mass Participation – sharing of diverse information through universal web access.
Web 3.0 -read-write-execute web; sematic web or data driven web content and response
- programming language to help the user by presenting options of what the person is interested in
-It will not make web 2.0 obsolete
Web 3.0 several problems:
Compatibility-HTML files and current web browsers could not support Web 3.0.
Security-The user's security is also in question since the machine is saving his or her preferences.
Vastness-The WWW already contains billions of web pages.
Vagueness-Certain words are imprecise. The words "old" and 'small" would depend on the user.
Logic-there are certain limitations for a computer to be able to predict what the user is referring to.
Trends in ICT:
1.Convergence - fusing of technological advancement to work on a similar task; example: Using
smartphone as camera in taking pictures instead of DSLR camera.
2.Social Media – an application and website where user can communicate, create and share content.
Social Network – people with the same come together to share information. Examples: Twitter,
Instagram, Facebook
Social News – user can post stories and are ranked based on the popularity through voting.
Examples: Digg, Reddit, Propeller, Slashdot, Fark
Bookmarking Sites – share and store internet bookmarks, articles, posts, blogs, images and others.
Examples: Pinterest, StumbleUpon, Dribble
Media Sharing–share and store multimedia files such as video, photos and music.Ex. Instagram
Microblogging – a website that allows you to broadcast short message. Examples: Twitter, Tumblr
Blogs and Forums – allows user to ask questions and comments on a journal posted by an individual
or group. Examples: Wordpress, Blogger.
3.Mobile Technologies- devices capability to do tasks that were originally found in personal computers.
iOS - used in Apple devices such as the iPhone and iPad
Android - operating system developed by Google.
Blackberry OS - used in Blackberry devices.
Windows Phone OS - a closed source and proprietary operating system developed by Microsoft.
Symbian - the original smartphone OS; used by Nokia devices WeboS; by Microsoft.
4.Assistive Media -nonprofit service designed to help people who have visual and reading impairments.
-assist people with disability.
Online Safety, Security, Ethics and Etiquette:
Cybercrime - a crime committed or assisted through the use of the Internet.
Privacy Policy/Terms of Services (ToS)- tells the user how the website will handle its data.
Malware - stands for malicious software.
Virus - designed to transfer from one computer to another in any means possible.
Worms - designed to replicate itself and transfer from one file folder.
Trojan - designed that is disguised as a useful program but once downloaded or installed, leaves your PC
unprotected and allows hacker to get your information.
Spyware - a program that runs in the background without you knowing it; ability to monitor what you are
currently doing and typing through key logging.
Adware - a program designed to send you advertisement, mostly pop-ups.
Spam - unwanted email mostly from bots or advertisers.
Phishing - acquires sensitive personal information like passwords and credits card details.
Pharming - a more complicated way of phishing where it exploits the DNS system.
Copyright - a part of law, wherein you have the rights to work, anyone who uses it w/o your consent is
punishable by law.
Fair Use - means that an intellectual property may be used w/o consent as long as it is used in
commentaries, criticism, parodies, research and etc.
Key loggers - used to record the keystrokes done by user; to steal passwords or any other sensitive
information.
Rogue security software - misleads users into believing there is a virus on their computer, and
manipulates them into paying money for a fake malware removal tool.

Internet Safety- the online security or safety of people and their information when using internet.
TIPS ON HOW TO BE SAFE ONLINE:
Do not share your password with anyone, Add friends you know in real life, Do not visit untrusted
websites, Add password to your WIFI at home to make it private, Install and update antivirus in your
computer, Do not give , personal information to anyone, Think before you click.
Internet Risk:
Cyberbullying -someone intentionally abused, harass, and mistreated by other person using electronic
communication.
Identity Theft- a crime of stealing personal information for the purpose of assuming that person’s name
Cyber Stalking-criminal practice where electronic communication; used to stalk or harass individual.
Sexting - The act of sending sexually explicit text messages, images, and videos.
Internet Threats:
Malware Virus ,Virus ,Worm , Spyware, Phishing, Trojan Horse, Adware, Keylogger, Botnet,
Rootkit, Spam, Cybercrime and Cyber Law.
Trojan Horse-disguised as legitimate program that user will accept; take control of your computer.
Rootkit – used by hackers to gain control over a computer on a network without being exposed.
Adware – An unwanted advertisement that; pop-up several times on victim’s computer then behaves
abnormally and tedious to close them.
Keylogger – runs in the background and steals user credentials and confidential information.
Botnet – A collection of infected internet; controlled by a common type of malware.
Spam - junk email or unwanted email send by advertiser or bot; used to send malware.
Cybercrime - used as object and tool in committing a crime such hacking.
Cybercrime Law – A law that deals with all forms of cybercrime.

Netiquette - “net” and “etiquette”;etiquette applied online that shows proper manner and behavior.
The Core Rules of Netiquette by: Seth T. Ross
Remember the human, Adhere to the same standards of behavior online that you follow in real life,
Know where you are in cyberspace,Respect other people's time and bandwidth,Make yourself look
good online,Share expert knowledge, Help keep flame wars under control,Respect other people's
privacy,Don't abuse your power,Be forgiving of other people's mistakes.

Copyright - a part of law; you have the rights to work; anyone who uses it w/o your consent is punishable
by law.
Fair Use - an intellectual property may be used w/o consent as long as it is used in commentaries , etc.
Internet Research-research method in collecting and gathering information via internet
Search Engine-program that allows users to search for content on internet.
Common commands for search engines include:
Quotation Marks ( " )- will help to find specific phrases involving more than one word. example: "Martin
Luther King".
Addition Sign ( + ) Adding a + sign before a word means that it MUST be included in each site listed. For
example: + Florida + taxes.
Subtraction Sign ( - ) Adding a - sign before a word means that it will NOT appear in the sites listed.
example: + Washington –DC.
Asterisks ( * ) Asterisks can be used for wild-cards in some search engines.example: Mexic* will look for
Mexico, Mexican, Mexicali, etc.

Copyright protection given to the owner of the rights in an original work; This original work is called
intellectual property which is protected under Republic Act 8293 known as the “Intellectual
Property Code of the Philippines”.
Copyright Infringement - happens when the copyrighted work is use by other person without
permission of the author or copyright holder.
Fair Use - the use of copyrighted material for comment and etc. is not an infringement of copyright.
-In fair use, 5% of the content of reference can only be copied. If 20% or less of reference copied, there
must be a secondary use agreement and fee. And if 20% or more of reference copied, it requires
purchasing of creative work.

PRODUCTIVITY TOOLS - software that people use to create and produce documents, presentations,
databases, charts, and graphs; helps you create professional quality documents, presentation, graphics,
and more.
Common Productivity Tools – Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft PowerPoint, LibreOffice
Mail Merge-Word’s way of generating mass mailings; combining a list of names and addresses to
individually address to each person / receiver on the list; create envelopes or address labels, as well as
form letters.
 MAIL MERGED INVOLVED THE FOLLOWING DOCUMENTS;
Main document –document contains text and graphics. Example body of the letter.
Mailing list – used to populate information in the letter. It contains names and address of the recipients.
Merged document - this document the combination of the main document

Hyperlink -Reference data that the reader can directly follow by either clicking or tapping
-the text is often color blue and underlined
Hyperlinks have two basic parts:
The Address - can be webpage, email address, or location they are linking
The Display – can be picture or shape

Integrating or inserting pictures in your document is fun and it improves the impression of your
document.
1.Pictures - electronic or digital pictures or photographs you have saved in any local storage device.
THREE TYPES OF PICTURE FILES:
JPG/JPEG-Joint Photographic Experts Group.
- a compression process that it uses to make it more compatible and portable through the Internet.
-it does not support transparency and therefore
GIF-Graphics Interchange Format.
-image file is capable of displaying transparencies; It is also capable of displaying simple animation
PNG-Portable Network Graphics.
-pronounced as ‘ping’; allows the control of the transparency level or opacity of images.
2.Clip Art - a GIF type; line art drawings or images used as generic representation for ideas.
3.Shapes - printable objects or materials that you can integrate in your document.
4.Smart Art - sets of different shapes grouped together to form ideas that are organizational.
5.Chart - allows you to represent data characteristics and trends.

Image Placements:
In Line with Text -- default setting for images that are inserted or integrated in your document.
Square -- allows the image you inserted to be placed anywhere with the paragraph with the text going
around the image in a square pattern like frame.
Tight -- allows you to get a more creative effect on your document.
Through -- allows the text on your document to flow even tighter
Behind Text -- allows your image to be dragged and placed anywhere
In Front of Text -- allows your image to be placed right on top of the text

Daniel Bricklin and Bob Frankston created the first spreadsheet application, VisiCalc (for "visible
calculator"). Lotus 1-2-3 came next, followed by Microsoft Excel.
Examples of Spreadsheet software: LibreOffice Calc, Google Sheets, Microsoft Excel
Parts of the Spreadsheet:
Title Bar – A bar the display the name of active workbook
Ribbon – commands and controls organize task in Tabs and groups
Column Headings – The letters that appear along the top on the worksheet
Worksheet Window – A window that displays an Excel worksheet, this is where you work all the tasks.
Vertical Scroll Bar – Scroll bar to use when you want to scroll vertically
Horizontal Scroll Bar – Scroll bar to use when you want to scroll horizontally
Zoom Controls – Used for magnifying and shrinking of the active worksheet.
View Shortcuts – Buttons used to change how the worksheet content is displayed.
Sheet Tabs – Tabs the display the name of the worksheet in the workbook

Sheet Tab Scrolling Buttons – Buttons to scroll the sheet tabs in the workbook
Row Headings – The number that appears on the left of the worksheet window
Select All Button – A button that selects all the cells in the active worksheet
Active Cell – The cell selected in the active worksheet
Name Box – A box that displays the cell reference of the active cell
Formula Bar – A bar that displays the value or formula entered in the active cell
Basic math operations
=SUM(x,y) or =SUM(range) – returns the sum of x and y or (all the numbers within the range)
=PRODUCT(x,y) – returns the product of x and y
=QUOTIENT(x,y) – returns the quotient of x divided by y
=x-y – returns the difference of x subtracted by y
=x+y – returns the sum of x and y
=x*y – returns the product of x and y
=x/y – returns the quotient of x divided by y
=x-y – returns the difference of x subtracted by y
Other functions:
=ABS(x) – returns the absolute value of x
=AVERAGE(x,y) – returns the average of x and y
=CONCATENATE(x,y) – joins x and y
=IF (Condition, x, y) – returns x if the condition is true, else it returns y
=COUNT(range) – counts the number of cell containing a number within a range
=COUNTIF(range, criteria) - count the number of cell that fits with the criteria within the range
=MIN(x,y) – returns the smallest number between x and y
=MAX(x,y) – returns the largest number between x and y • =MIN(range) – returns the smallest number
within the range • =MAX(range) – returns the largest number within the range
The most basic formulas in Sheets include:
SUM: adds up a range cells (e.g. 1+2+3+4+5 = sum of 15)
AVERAGE: finds the average of a range of cells (e.g. 1,2,3,4,5 = average of 3)
COUNT: counts the values in a range of cells (ex: 1,blank,3,4,5 = 4 total cells with values)
MAX: finds the highest value in a range of cells (ex: 1,2,3,4,5 = 5 is the highest)
MIN: finds the lowest value in a range of cells (ex: 1,2,3,4,5 = 1 is the lowest)