Group Filter:

Prado, Melvin S.
Giangan, Cesar Louis S.
Planos, Eric Deandre
Baltazar, Angel Ferro
Bangoy, Clifford Dan

AEE 311L – INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, LAB

EXPERIMENT 7 – 8
SCR DC & AC

OBJECTIVES:
 Demonstrate the dc control of typical rectification circuits by using an SCR.
 Demonstrate ac control of an SCR by using half-wave and full-wave phase control
circuits.

INTRODUCTION:
The Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) is a common tool for controlling both AC and
DC power. It can be used for a variety of industrial electronic functions, including the
reversing and speed control of DC motors.
The SCR has a gate in addition to its anode and cathode. The firing (delay) angle of
the gate can be kept to any point in the cycle up to about 180° by adjusting the gate signal's
phase with respect to the supply voltage's phase. The average power delivered to the load can
therefore be changed by adjusting the firing angle.
The SCR functions as a controlled half-wave rectifier when an AC voltage source is
present because it will suppress both the positive and negative half-cycles up until a positive
control signal is applied to the gate. The SCR will thus conduct during the positive half-cycle
and block during the negative half-cycle as long as the control signal is present. Since the
SCR automatically switches off at the conclusion of each positive half-cycle, it will block
both half-cycles once the control signal is gone. The applied control signal can be timed
correctly to cause the SCR to conduct for all or a portion of the positive half-cycle. As a
result, switching on and off as well as proportional control of the output are both feasible.
Figures 1 and 2 below show the output waveforms for AC control of an SCR by using
half-wave and full-wave phase control circuits.
 Figure 1. Output Waveform for SCR as Figure 2. Output Waveform for SCR as
Half-wave Rectifier Full-wave Rectifier

SCR DC CONTROL

Figure 3. SCR DC Control Circuit

SCR AC CONTROL

Figure 4. SCR AC Control Circuit 1

Figure 5. SCR AC Control Circuit 2

PROCEDURE:
1. Build the above circuits in Multisim.
2. Observe their corresponding waveforms for different control variations (can be seen
in the succeeding tables).
3. What type of SCR phase control circuit are each of them? Why do you think so?
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS:
Vdc Screenshots of Waveform Remarks
0V

2V

4V

6V
 8V

10V

Table 1. Data for SCR DC Control Circuit

R3 % Screenshots of Waveform Remarks

5%

Trigger %

95%

Table 2. Data for SCR AC Control Circuit 1

 R2 % Screenshots of Waveform Remarks
5%

Trigger %

95%

Table 3. Data for SCR AC Control Circuit 2

QUESTIONS:
1. What is firing angle?
2. What is conduction angle?
3. Differentiate DC control from AC control.

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY:
Create an AC control of an SCR by using a full-wave phase control circuit. Build the circuit
in Multisim and attach necessary waveforms.
 CONCLUSION:
(with documentation)

In AC circuits, the phase control is the most common form of SCR power control. Power control is
obtained in phase control by adjusting the triggering angle alpha at the gate terminal. The turn ON
timings are modified by adjusting the firing angle to the different SCRs. As a result, the power utilized
by the load varies. In the image below, SCRs are activated at delayed pulses (an increase in firing angle
leads in a decrease in power given to the load). The fundamental advantage of phase control is that the
SCRs are automatically turned off at every current zero point of the AC current. As a result, no
commutation circuit is required to turn the SCR off.

In case of a DC circuit, power delivered to the load is varied by varying the ON and OFF durations of
the SCRs. This is known as a chopper or ON-OFF control. The diagram below depicts a simple ON-OFF
control of a load using an SCR. Using phase control rectifier circuits, changeable DC power to the load
can be produced. Controlling the instant the SCR turns ON controls the average DC power given to the
load.
SCRs have the ability to control the power delivered to the load. Depending on the load needs, such as
motor speed control and light dimmers, it is frequently necessary to change the power given to the load.
Power changing with traditional adjustable potentiometers is not a reliable solution under such situations
due to the high power dissipation. SCRs are the best power control devices for lowering power
dissipation in high power circuits.

REFERENCES:
https://ecstudiosystems.com/discover/textbooks/basic-electronics/other-
semiconductor-devices/power-control-using-scr/
https://www.circuitstoday.com/scr-control-circuits
 In AC circuits, the phase control is the most common form of SCR power control. Power control
is obtained in phase control by adjusting the triggering angle alpha at the gate terminal. The turn ON
timings are modified by adjusting the firing angle to the different SCRs. As a result, the power utilized
by the load varies. In the image below, SCRs are activated at delayed pulses (an increase in firing angle
leads in a decrease in power given to the load). The fundamental advantage of phase control is that the
SCRs are automatically turned off at every current zero point of the AC current. As a result, no
commutation circuit is required to turn the SCR off.
In case of a DC circuit, power delivered to the load is varied by varying the ON and OFF
durations of the SCRs. This is known as a chopper or ON-OFF control. The diagram below depicts a
simple ON-OFF control of a load using an SCR. Using phase control rectifier circuits, changeable DC
power to the load can be produced. Controlling the instant the SCR turns ON controls the average DC
power given to the load.
SCRs have the ability to control the power delivered to the load. Depending on the load needs,
such as motor speed control and light dimmers, it is frequently necessary to change the power given to
the load. Power changing with traditional adjustable potentiometers is not a reliable solution under such
situations due to the high power dissipation. SCRs are the best power control devices for lowering power
dissipation in high power circuits.