Internship Report Final)

Acknowledgment:
The internship Program was a great opportunity for the students to learn and study
practical aspects of an organization. I am highly thankful to Mr. Naveed Chohan
(Assistant Professor of CUI) who helped me to choose an organization according to
my interest. So, I selected Sapphire Textile Mills (Home Textiles) which is well-
reputed in the textile industry (Pakistan).
First of all, I am very thankful to Allah Almighty. The most Beneficent and Merciful
who gave me a mind for thinking and solving problems. He also gave me the
courage to commit to completing this internship. During my Internship, I found this is
a good place to learn about the textile industry and I also learned a lot of things
here.
I am very thankful to Mr. Naveed Akhtar (Senior Accounts Manager) who played a
great role in my internship. He supported me throughout the whole journey of my
internship. I would also like to thank Mr. Ijaz (Deputy General Manager of Industrial
Engineering) who allowed me to work under his supervision.
I would also like to thank Mr. Azeem (DGM Quality), Mr. Furqan (DGM Marketing),
Mr. Ali Arshad (Deputy Manager Marketing), Mr. Zahid (Senior Manager of Quality),
Mr. Khuram Shahzad (Senior Manager of PPC) Mr. Murad (Sampling Manager), Mr.
Imran, Mr. Asfand, Mr. Ali, and Mr. Shakeel. They all helped me a lot in my
understanding of the textile industry.
At last, I am greatly thankful to all the staff members who cooperate with me and
make my internship successful.
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COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus
Executive Summary:
Textile Industry plays a vital role in the development of Pakistan. It is the backbone
of our economy. Raw fabric is produced for the purpose of making garments and
different types of fabrics are produced. It is a 100% export-oriented unit and growing
day by day.
The concept of Sapphire started in East, Bengal with the company's first spinning
(yarn-making) factory in Pakistan in 1969, and with time; today, it has become one of
the top Companies in the country, diversifying & growing itself not only in Textiles but
in Dairies & Power Production as well. (Sapphire, 2022)
This report is an outline of all the activities which are related to all departments such
as Marketing, Accounts, Product Development, Quality, Production Planning and
Control, Industrial Engineering, and Production. The report presents a
comprehensive overview of all the tactics and policies of Sapphire Textile (Home
Textile).
The detail of the report shows the marketing techniques and working of all the
departments. All departments are inter-connected. The working environment, the
overall system, the commitment of employees and workers’ satisfaction.
The report explains the overall workings of the company and the main focus of this
report is on the Textile process and Marketing. It is focused on getting successful by
doing things right and that is the reason, Sapphire is one of the leading companies in
Pakistan. Financial reports and SWOT analysis are given in this report for a better
understanding.
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History of Sapphire Group:
History of
Sapphire
1969 1970 1980-1990 1990

Textile Mills Spinning Yarn Spinning Weaving
Plant Plant
1995 2002 2014 2021

Power Home Textile Sapphire Retail Processed
Generation Fabric Unit
Mr. M Abdullah began its operations in 1962 with just one spinning mill in East
Bengal. On March 11, 1969, Sapphire Textile Mills Limited was established in
Pakistan under the Companies Act, of 1913. (Now the Companies Act, 2017). The
company's main business activities include producing and selling yarn, fabrics, home
textiles, finishing, stitching, and printing fabrics. (Sapphire Textile Mills Limited, 2022)
Now his sons Mr. Shahid Abdullah, Mr. Amir Abdullah, Mr. Nadeem Abdullah,
Mr.Yusuf Abdullah, and his grandsons Mr. Nabeel and Mr. Shayan are running the
whole Sapphire Group of companies. STML's annual turnover has grown to US $
445 million (Annual Report 2021). The main portion of a business depends upon
export. (Sapphire Textile Mills Limited, 2022)
Sapphire is one of the largest manufacturers and exporters of textile products in
Pakistan. It gets technology from Europe, Japan, and the USA. The main raw
material cotton is sourced locally and the specialized fibers are imported. The
manufacturing from yarn to the finished fabric is done in Pakistan. It has the biggest
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name in the markets of Asia, Europe, Australia, and North America. (Sapphire
Textile Mills Limited, 2022)
It also has power generation plants. Its newly started project Sapphire dairies has
launched. Sapphire Electric is its upcoming project. It has 22 manufacturing units in
Pakistan. It has a strategic alliance with offshore companies. (Sapphire Textile Mills
Limited, 2022)
Two elementary and secondary schools that offer subsidized education to the needy
are operated by Sapphire Group. Sapphire Group is also actively involved in
community welfare activities. Every spring, Sapphire hosts an eye camp to treat
patients with cataract disease in the rural community. Various institutions for health
and education receive regular grants. For his services to Pakistan's development,
the Group Chairman, Mian Abdullah, received the Sitara-e-Imtiaz (Star of
Excellence) award from the Pakistani government. (Sapphire Textile Mills Limited,
2022)
Vision Statement:
To be one of the premier textile Companies recognized for leadership in

technology, flexibility, responsiveness, and quality.
Our customers will share in our success through innovative manufacturing,

certifiable quality, exceptional services, and creative alliances. Structured to
maintain in-depth competence and knowledge about our business, our
customer, and worldwide markets.
Our workforce will be the most efficient in the industry through multiple skill
learning and the fostering of framework and security of the safest work
environment possible recognized as an excellent citizen in the local and
regional community through our financial and human resources support and
our senility to the environment.
(Mission & Vision – Sapphire Textile Mills Limited, 2022)
Mission Statement:
Our mission is to be recognized as a premier supplier to the markets we

serve by providing quality yarns, fabric, and other textile products to satisfy
the needs of our customers. Our mission will be accomplished through
excellence in customer service, sales, and manufacturing supported by the
teamwork of all associates. We will continue our tradition of honesty,
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fairness, and integrity in our relationship with our customers, associates,
shareholders, community, and stakeholders.
(Mission & Vision – Sapphire Textile Mills Limited, 2022)

Introduction of Sapphire (Home
Textile):
Sapphire Textiles has a business

history spanning more than four
decades and is widely known for its
innovative work and integrity within
the textile industry. With an annual
turnover of more than $ 224 Million,
(Sapphire, 2022) it consists of nine
manufacturing facilities.
Figure 2: (imedia.com.pk, 2022)
(Spinning yarn dyeing, weaving, knitting, knitting fabrics dyeing, finishing, printing
home textiles/garments, and power generation). (Home Textile, 2022)
It is a completely solar power unit in which almost 40% of energy (500 KW) is
generated via solar panels. Sapphire Textile Mill Unit 7 has the latest machinery and
skilled labor. Dedicated customer vise floor so that the operations run smoothly and
got high efficiency with high quality and have strong quality parameters. STML 7
uses 4,000,000 meters of fabric per month also has a 1500 workforce and sells its
products in 35 countries. (Home Textile, 2022)
Home
Textile
Core
Fabric Yarn
Products
Yarn
Dyeing
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Company Values
Pride
Integrity
Relationship
Diversity Environment
Sapphire Clients:
Sapphire Clients
Pottery Laura
Barn Ashley
Beirholm Ashley
Wilde
Ralph Fremaux
Lauren
Home Sunham
Depot
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Sapphire Competitors:
Kohinoor Nishat
Textiles Textiles
Sitara Ibrahim
Textiles Fiber
Organizational Hierarchy and Structure
CEO
GM
DGM
DGM I.E DGM Production DGM Quality
Senior Manager
Deputy Manager
Senior Officer
Officer
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Swot Analysis:
The analysis stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and threats. It

identifies the internal and external factors of an organization that are favorable and
unfavorable for the company.
Strengths: Weaknesses:
Loyal and satisfied customers No Compromise on Quality Parameters.
High Quality Products High cost of production
Strong Fiber and customer oriented Centralized Decision Making
Strong service Small International market share
“The more you find out about Sapphire, the No profit sharing with others units
more strength you’ll find” (Sapphire, 2022)
SWOT
Opportunities: Threats:
Newmarket segments/ New Product Political Instability
development
Change in government policies
New style and demands
Increased taxes
External Relations
Intense price competition
Cement Industry
High Inflation
Hospital
Enhance production capacity
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SWOT Detail:
Strengths:
Sapphire has a lot of strengths because it is the most popular and leading company.
The unit provided high-quality products that’s why customers are motivated and
attached to the company. Customer-oriented organization by focusing on to fulfill the
needs and wants of consumers. Provide the best of the best services to their
customers and environment of Sapphire has very friendly and the staffs are very
cooperative. Every senior or assistant manager helps the juniors. The company can
get a loan from the banks whenever want because of having excellent financial
credibility and building a good relationship with the banks. Employees are highly
motivated because of timely salary and other incentives such as bonuses and
increments etc.
Weaknesses:
Sapphire has some weaknesses such as not compromising on quality. Set high and
strict quality standards to make the products and try to reduce the cost of production
but all in vain because of economic instability. The unit used centralized decision
making which is a big fault of the organization. The company cannot expand
business in the international markets because of a small share.
Opportunities:
Sapphire can target new market segments such as black people and can provide
garments of new style and demand and can build external relations if a company
wanted to expand its business. Sapphire can enter in Cement Industry and build
hospitals and enhance production capacity by the use of more machinery. The
organization has a very good image in the public mind so can start a business that
whatever wants.
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Threats:
Now a day, there is a high problem of political instability. Due to this, organizations
are bearing facing many problems such as policy changes, etc. If the government
has not completed its tenure, then the coming government came into existence and
change the previous policies. There is an increase in tax that’s why end consumers
are suffering high prices. High inflation is another problem of the organization. It will
pressurize the cost of production.
Marketing Strategy:
Sapphire Group was started in 1969 which means it is an old textile industry in
Pakistan. The company has expanded its business by the completion of maximum
orders from different countries. The merchandiser receives the order via email (PO)
and then it is disusing with DGM Marketing. The Central Planning Department (CPD)
works on the orders and makes contracts with the new companies and no need to
contract with existing customers. Sapphire products are very famous over all the
world. (Arshad, 2022)
The textile business has faced challenges over the past year as a result of growing
competition and a narrowing profit margin. Due to lower overhead, more affordable
and superior machinery, and better raw material. Asian competitors of Sapphire have
significantly outperformed in terms of pricing. (Textile, 2022)
The company market the products through advertising and promotions in abroad
newspapers. The use of email marketing is highly appreciated in B2B businesses.
Sapphire gets an order from abroad and advertises its products in Germany, Europe
etc via textile exhibitions.
The fabric market saw considerable participation from nations including Bangladesh,
China, Indonesia, India, and China. The primary focus has been on increasing
production capacity and quality. To broaden the market and lessen reliance on the
Far East, yarns were diversified. In the case of yarns, business was started in this
attempt with Malaysia, Korea, Taiwan, the UK, and South America. (Textile, 2022)
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Update with Modern Technology:
Sapphire has consistently upgraded its equipment, swapping out outdated models
for more modern ones, which has improved the system's functionality and produced
higher-quality goods. Sapphire has made a name for itself in new areas by
developing specific fabrics and designs as well as by offering clients fast service and
top-notch quality. (Textile, 2022)
Competitive Strategy:
For Sapphire Group, its brand name, and high-quality fabric and products serve as a
competitive advantage. Being an established group, it is well-known in the textile
industry. Furthermore, the group benefits from its financial holding as late payment to
any party creates future issues that cause product deliveries to be late and have
negative effects image of the business. The business used the pull-and-push
approach, and the effectiveness and quality of the products are superior, giving the
business a competitive advantage.
Company Life Cycle:
Sapphire Group has been in business for three to four decades, and after passing
through the startup and growth stages, it is currently in the maturity stage since its
clients are happy with its products.
Sapphire
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Product Range:
Bedroom:
STML 7 provides everything which need

to have a wonderful stay in the
accommodation. The organization provide
solutions for everything from sheets,
pillowcases, and duvet covers to filled
items for your bed and hanging curtains at
windows. The unit offers the broadest
selection of goods and fabrication.
Sapphire is happy to offer the broadest
selection on the market, ranging from (Sapphire, 2022)
inexpensive materials to high-end luxury, from whites, solids, and prints to digital
printing.
The following are the product line of Bedroom:
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Pillow Cover Curtains Flat Sheet
Duvet Cover
Decor and Furnishing:
Home textiles have everything that needs to add luxurious materials to personalize
the living environment. The company selection includes throws, blankets, and
cushions created from a wide choice of plain and textured fabrics.
(Sapphire, 2022)
The following are the product line of Decor and Furnishing:
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Duvet Set Throw Cusion
Sofa Cover
Kitchen:
Elegant kitchenware is produced by fusing elegance and functionality. Find a variety

of placemats, pot holders, gloves, and aprons with designs influenced by popular
trends. A selection of table linen in lovely motifs and colors rounds out the
outstanding cookware collection. (Sapphire, 2022)
The following are the product line of Kitchen:
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Apron Place Mat Pot Holder
Table Cover
Departments of STM (Home Textile):
STML 7 has several departments which are all interlinked with one another and have
highly impact on overall the organization performance. These are the following
departments:
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HR & Admin Industrial Product
PPC Engineering Development
Production Quality Accounts Marketing
Department Functions and Operations:
HR & Admin:
The responsibility of this department is to deliver high-level Administrative and HR

support by doing research, making statistical reports, managing information
requests, and performing office functions such as preparing communication,
receiving visitors, arranging conference calls, and plan of meetings. The staff are
train and administer lower-level office staff and handle the problems or issues of the
workers or employees. (Naveed, 2022)
The HR officials have many responsibilities as it is one of the main departments of

Sapphire, It helps to protect the company from liability, maintain a gratified workforce
and bring the brightest talent to the company. By its nature, the HR department takes
on a variety of responsibilities that can boost a company's capability to grow.
(Naveed, 2022)
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Production Planning & Control (PPC)
The department is the supply chain management department. It is mainly

responsible for all the transportation and manage the over time. The department
mainly has to make sure that the plans should be executed properly and on time.
The head of the supply chain is responsible for approving the purchase order due to
their quality variance. The department also has to oversee the budget allocation
based on cost centers. Along with monitoring the planning execution on a timely
basis of weekly, monthly, and annually. The department has to make sure that the
plans are revised and the variables are stable then the purchase order is approved
by the supply chain head. (Gilani, 2021)
Responsibilities:
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ERP
Reduce
Utilize
production
cost Resources
Helps Local
capture
Logistics
market
Estimate
Minimum
the
wastage
resources
Ensure
optimum Reporting
inventory
Labor
Productivity
Following is the working process:
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Order
Confirmation
PP Meeting
Monthly Plan
Track Wise
Plan
Daily Follow Up
Packing List
Overtime
Working
Reconciliation
Report
Explanation:
Order Confirmation:
Firstly, order confirmation is very important. A specific team who receives an order
from the customer and then the order is confirmed and makes a plan of order
completion by the central planning department (CPD).
PP Meeting (New Product Development):
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The production planning meeting is started when the order is confirmed. If the order
is new then PP announces/calls a meeting in which the participation of all
departments’ managers are compulsory.
Monthly Plan:
PPC makes a production plan which means they make cuts to make a plan. They
shaped which article can be started on which floor. The monthly plan is very helpful
for the organization to achieve its long-term goal effectively and efficiently. They
make policies that how to achieve the goal.
Track Wise Plan (Fabric + Accessories)
After making a monthly plan PPC makes a plan for which article will be starting on
which track. STML 7 uses 2 types of track.
Auto tract (Used for big articles such as the article of Beirholm etc)
Switch/ Manual Track (used for small articles)
DAILY FOLLOW UP (FABRIC + ACCESSORY + PRODUCTION)
After making the whole plan of production they follow up with daily exercises. It is
very important for the implementation. Order Closure Report make on daily basis
and shared with the PPC department.
Packing List:
It means which accessories will be used in the process of packing such as an Insert
card, Inlay card, etc. PPC is responsible to arrange all the accessories for packing.
Overtime Working:
STML 7 is highly against overtime working. They said overtime is used when there is
some mismanagement. But if there are a lot of articles working then there will be
some need for overtime. So, PPC makes the planning overtime if they need it.
Reconciliation Report:
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This is the last process/ function of PPC. It is very important because it is the overall
progress report of cut to pack. The report shows how much fabric has, reasons for
having fabric, delivery status, etc.
Industrial Engineering:
I.E department is responsible for design the process of production and maximize its
efficiency, effectiveness and reducing waste. IE is responsible to minimize costs and
maximize profitability. They increase production with available resources and do time
study which means how much time consumes one operator to complete and the
operation. (Mustaqim-Ul-Alam, 2019)
IE make plan that how many machines are required to complete the order. This
department is very import for textile sector. The concept of supply management is
highly used in this sector. Calculation of SAM (Standard Allow Minutes) is very
important task of Industrial Engineering. (Mustaqim-Ul-Alam, 2019)
An industrial engineer is responsible for many tasks. Industrial engineers in the

clothing business set up machines, balance production lines, determine production
targets, and other tasks in order to create innovative garment procedures. In any
case, they ought to have completed the garment production prior to the shipping
date. (Mustaqim-Ul-Alam, 2019)
They use science, math, engineering methods and tools, talents, and expertise to
complete all of these tasks, which involve intricate system integration and
operations. They assist the industries in making the most profit with the least amount
of resources. (Mustaqim-Ul-Alam, 2019)
Process of IE:
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Negotiation with Prepare Production
Report Analysis
Merchandiser Report
Analysis of Product Collect Production Report submit to the

Difficulties Data Manager
Arrange PP Meeting Line Balancing
Calculation of
Set Machine Layout
Production Target
Explanation:
I.E is responsible to negotiate with the merchandisers and do analysis regarding

product difficulties. After that department arranges a production planning meeting.
The agenda of the meeting is to discuss all the aspects of the product and calculate
the production target. The machine layout is set due to overcome cost. After this,
move to the implementation and collect production data and make a report. Analysis
of report is compulsory for the better understanding and then report submitted to the
manager.
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Product Development:
Generating the
idea
Commercialization Idea Screening
Product
Development
Product Concept
Implementation Testing
In general, the process of conceptualizing, designing, producing, introducing, and

providing new products and services to consumers (new product development) or
improving upon the existing ones may be referred to as product development
(product improvements). This technique may be used to deliver a novel user
experience, attend to demand, offer answers to issues, expand the client base and
market share, as well as enhance sales and profit for a particular organization.
(Mustaqim-Ul-Alam, 2019)
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The development of new products, which is essentially the industry's lifeblood, is
crucial to its survival and expansion for several reasons, not the least of which are
the dynamic and always-shifting consumer needs that are the hallmark of the textile
and fashion industries. (Kiron, 2013)
There are 6 steps involved in Product Development
Generating the idea for a product/service:
The textile sector may require product development for a number of different reasons
such as the company's need or market gap, consumers’ desire for new or improved
products, competition introducing new products into the market, developments in
technology, trends, and seasonal changes.
Companies may use informal or formal techniques to generate ideas for new or
improved products. In general, though, these approaches involve staff members
coming up with their own ideas, brainstorming sessions, focus group discussions,
and market research analytical dissection sessions. Customers have flooded
Company A with requests for silk-based fabrics, which would allow them (the
consumers) to be more creative with their styles and afford them the same quality
and aesthetics they are accustomed to. Company A currently produces
predominantly cotton-based fabrics of very high quality and design aesthetics that
are highly sought after internationally. Company A begins coming up with concepts
for this after finally realizing the necessity to make its devoted customers laugh.
(Kiron, 2013)
Idea Screening:
Ideas created in the aforementioned process step are subjected to a thorough

screening and scaling process based on the following factors: the viability of the
idea, the length of the design and development process, the estimated cost of
production, the expected return on investment, the benefit to consumers, the market
share of competitors, the time to market, and the required manpower and
technological resources. This is a highly important stage in the product development
process, and considerable attention is paid here since product concepts that scale
through this stage successfully may eventually make it to the manufacturing line,
where they may then go to the market and consumers. The thought has now
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progressively developed into an idea at this point. Twenty ideas for the new silk-
based product were created by Company A from Step 1 above, and they have been
screened. (Kiron, 2013)
Testing the Concept:
It is critical to ascertain how customers feel about the product at this time. This
process evaluates how well consumers comprehend the product and provides a way
to further enhance it. In this step, consumer opinion is also sampled regarding how
the product will perform against competing goods. In addition to providing ideas for
potential pricing alternatives, concept testing is helpful in determining the specific
market that a company's product will appeal to (assuming it didn't previously know
that). Design specifics, patent registrations, design registrations, and other
intellectual property and legal formalities are all taken into consideration in this step.
The tests created here also look into how the user thinks the benefits of this
product's features will translate to them. (Kiron, 2013)
Product Development:
Everything that was examined in the previous step is now implemented at this point.
All participating departments are given funding, and production begins. All preceding
phases before the real production process must be carried out with little to no margin
for mistakes because there is little to no space for revisions at this point. The
marketing of the new product(s) also begins at this point to raise awareness, get
people interested in them, and, if possible, get them to pre-purchase them. (Kiron,
2013)
Commercialization:
In this step, the new products launch and follow-up/monitoring actions take place.
Deliveries of goods are made to the market, and customers are making purchases.
At this point, it's crucial to maintain the company's and the new product(s) supply
chain in its most effective configuration. During this period, advertisements and
awareness campaigns should both be very effective. Monitoring the product's market
performance and customer responses to pricing will also enable the business to
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make necessary pricing adjustments and gather information for future endeavors.
(Kiron, 2013)
Sampling:
Sampling plays a vital role in any organization. It is called a mini factory. Making a
product prototype before beginning mass production is known as sampling. The
same procedure is used while sampling clothing. Making samples is a crucial step
before placing the bulk order in mass garment manufacturing, where clothing firms
buy clothing in large quantities. The goal of the sampling is to reduce the possibility
of purchasing the incorrect raw materials or incurring manufacturing errors that the
customer will not accept. Additionally, brands would enjoy being unable to supply
retail stores or transport their products to potential customers. (Sarkar, 2018)
In the process of sampling made-ups, a single item the proto-type or first sample—is
first created. The home textile product designer creates the product specifications
and details, as well as the design concept. The technical team examines the fabric's
quality parameter, the sample's fit, measurements, and trimmings. Pattern creation,
pattern grading for various sizes, fabric development, fabric processing, raw material
sourcing (choosing appropriate fabrics and other trims), home textile construction,
For many other reasons, including understanding process flow, machine

requirements, raw material consumption, risk analysis of producing the new home
products design (also known as style), product costing, etc., the factory, which
anticipates the bulk order for the design, carefully performs sampling steps. The
factory must submit samples and receive an approval within the buyer's specified
timeframe. (Sarkar, 2018)
Sapphire (Home Textiles) plays a vital role in the sampling process. STML has
separate department which deals the whole process of sampling. Get sampling
request form (SRF) from the customer and all detail mentioned on this from.
Department start working on it and after completion it send to the customer. So, after
approval purchase order receive from the customers.
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Listed ones are the process flow of sampling which is followed by STML 7.
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Inquiry From Marketing/Design Studio
Sampling Planning Sheet Update
Direct Fabric From STM 9
Fabric receiving
Cutting
Stitching
Finishing/Checking
Quality
Packing
Dispatch
Gate Pass
Explanation of Process Flow:
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Inquiry from marketing/design studio:
STML receives an inquiry from a marketing or design studio and shares all
specifications and requirements of the customer article-wise.
Sampling planning sheet update:
After receiving an inquiry from the concerned department unit study the specification
and requirements from the customer against each article and update our planning
sheet according to customer Specs.
Direct fabric from STM-9 or fabric demand from the store:
The marketing team is intimate through email regarding the required, and fabric
receiving date, and after that, we check the fabric aging report if the fabric is
available in store according to the given lot number then we demand fabric as per
requirement. If the fabric is not available in the store against the given lot then we
ask marketing through email to arrange the fabric.
Fabric Receiving:
According to the given lot number from marketing, the process of receiving fabric
starts and receives from the store or gate.
Cutting:
After receiving the fabric we inspect the fabric and proceed with cutting as per the
given specs from the customer.
Stitching:
After completing cutting then we start stitching as per the given specs required from
the customer.
Finishing /Checking:
When an article is completely stitched. We finish the article, measurements, and

style according to specifications.
Quality:
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STM quality department inspects the article according to the given specs if the article
is stitched according to the given specs then it gives the supervisor and go-ahead for
packing.
Packing:
STM packed the goods according to the customer’s packing specs and all are
mentioned in the purchase order.
Production:
It started when the production manager gets the purchase order (PO) and sign the
sample then start making the article according to the customer’s packing specs.
Following are the section of production:
Cutting Sewing Finishing
Cutting:
In this step, cutting started according to the customer’s PO. The department gets
fabric with a continuity report from production then set the range sheet on the table
and starts to make the layer. After this cutting/pattern master mark on the fabric and
then start the procedure of cutting.
Sewing:
According to style and customer order, the cutting portion of the swing section needs
to be collected from the cutting section. There is a schedule for all the swing lines
that shows how many PCs must swing each month.
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The production manager is in charge of the sewing department. The swing in charge
and the line supervisor check the swing line and continuously perform production.
Every hour, they must sew a certain number of high-quality items.
Finishing:
The goods are inspected for final packing in the finishing area, which is a significant
section. Depending on their packing ratio and packing accessories, different client
goods are packaged in different ways. Customer barcodes are rigorously examined
in the finishing department to ensure that each product has the proper barcode and
packaging.
The finishing in charge and finishing supervisor check all of the packing instructions
and manage the packing staff.
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Operations of Article:
Hemming
Packing Safety
Process Lock
Threading
Checking
and
the Article
Cropping
Quality:
There are two branches of Quality in STML 7.
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Quality
Assurance
Quality
Control
Quality Assurance (QA)
Quality is the primary criterion for any product, and the clothing industry was not
exempt from this norm. The job of the quality assurance department is to check all
articles and assure quality and meet the standards.
Quality Controller (QC)
It establishes factory quality standards in accordance with the demands and

instructions of the customer for all departments and procedures and ensures that
each process produces high-quality results the first time, creating SOPs for the
production and preparatory phases.
When a corporation has established quality standards, those requirements must be

followed and the manufacturing quality standard must be under control. Throughout
the various production steps, keep an eye on the product's quality and inform the
newly hired quality staff on the quality policies of the company and how to use the
quality tools. (Sarkar, 2011)
Flow Chart of Quality Inspection:
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S
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w
Accounts:
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The accounts/Finance department is the department of any firm. Success and failure
depend. This department arranges the finance/money for day-to-day transactions
and investments.
The following tasks are performed by this department:
Salaries of employees
Bank Reconciliation statements
Cash follow
Overtime payments
Introduction to ERP system
Trial balance
Introduction to audit procedures
Marketing:
It was observed that the marketing department of sapphire unit no. 7 is not a typical
type of marketing department that is focused on advertising and branding. The
marketing department of sapphire is far more extensive and diversified than I
expected. All the employees working in the department tend to be an all-rounder who
is creative and at the same time actively participate and coordinate all the
departments. The main objectives were business development and expansion,
35
supervision of group assignments and activities, extending and enhancing business
contacts, and also looking after the satisfaction of current clients.
As the international market is the target of sapphire, they need to keep itself regularly
updated with the international status. It was also taken into notice that all the
employees in the marketing department are constantly coordinating themselves. It
was observed that the marketing department has the vital role of acting as a bridge
between clients and other departments. They have a vast reach geographically.
They are in business with almost all the major countries through agents and
business contacts. Their products are divided into two types, retail and institutional.
Institutional clients are mainly set up in Denmark and supply fabric to hotels and
hospitals.
Mainly all the processes start with the marketing department taking the order and
then the process goes accordingly and ends with the marketing department.
Employees were not only focusing on the strategies but the designs, sizes, types,
and colors of the fabric. Client requirements, client nature, and structure were also
considered while processing the order.
The team of Mr. Furqan juggles two types of project lines. One is Beirholm; this
project is in contract with Denmark. It is mainly a laundry business that rents out or
supplies plain or solid-color bedding to hotels, hospitals, hostels, and elderly homes.
The other part is the joint venture Creature; this is targeting the hotels. It is
geographically faster as compared to other projects.
Furqan’s team is responsible for the execution of all the process planning. They
need to keep the client with all the processes currently in the system. Make sure that
the order is timely delivered to the client and that the customer is also fully satisfied
with the quality, quantity, and deliverance.
36
Financial Statements:
Statement of Financial Position: (As on 30th June, 2021)
ASSETS Amount (2021)

NON-CURRENT ASSETS
Property, plant, and equipment 14,714,164,784
Investment property 31,750,000
Intangible assets 108,333
Long term investments 14,273,157,115
Long-term loans and advances 100,618,981
Long term deposits 87,684,092
29,207,483,305
CURRENT ASSETS
Stores, spares, and loose tools 438,188,678
Stock in trade 12,885,111,563
Trade debts 2,633,783,566
Loans and advances 58,794,821
Trade deposits and short-term prepayments 107,725,031
Other receivables 985,183,946
Short term investments 3,487,399,522
Tax refunds due from the Government 1,919,158,360
Cash and bank balances 75,583,304
22,590,928,791
TOTAL ASSETS 51,798,412,096
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

SHARE CAPITAL AND RESERVES
Authorized share capital 35,000,000 ordinary shares of Rs.10 each 350,000,000
Issued, subscribed, and paid-up capital 216,897,910
Reserves 20,801,687,879
21,018,585,789
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
Long term liabilities 14,320,927,549
Deferred liabilities 337,641,141
14,658,568,690
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Trade and other payables 3,909,854,854
Contract and Unclaimed dividends 1,013,629,802
Accrued Interest/mark-up 234,325,938
Short term borrowings 7,679,189,290
Current portion of long-term liabilities 3,284,257,733
16,121,257,617
37
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 51,798,412,096
Statement of Profit and Loss:
For the year ended 30 June 2021
Amount (2021)
Net turnover 38,470,986,948
Cost of sales (32,120,873,453)
Gross profit 6,350,113,495
Distribution cost (1,232,187,456)
Administrative expenses (472,454,443)
Other operating expenses (401,132,811)
Other income 1,097,562,755
(1,008,211,955)
Profit from operations 5,341,901,540
Finance cost (1,582,532,679)
Profit before taxation 3,759,368,861
Taxation (496,433,821)
Profit after taxation for the year 3,262,935,040
Earnings per share - basic and diluted 150.44
38
Statement of Profit and Loss:
For the year ended 30 June 2021
Amount (2021)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Cash generated from operations 2,941,261,988
Long-term loans and advances 11,044,194
Finance cost paid (1,712,752,049)
Staff retirement benefits - gratuity paid (122,755,461)
Taxes paid (122,755,461)
(2,921,272,131)
Net cash generated from operating activities 19,989,857
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Purchase of property, plant, and equipment (3,103,057,830)
Short-term investment in equity instruments (124,849,802)
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant, and equipment 310,986,975
Proceeds from the sale of investments 244,552,083
Dividend and Interest received 828,067,423
Rental income received 30,690,000
Net cash used in investing activities (1,813,611,151)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Short-term borrowings - net (357,635,962)
Proceeds from long-term financing 3,180,296,399
Repayment of long-term financing (987,182,508)
Dividend paid (66,363)
Net cash generated from financing activities 1,835,411,566
Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 41,790,272
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 33,602,278
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 75,392,550
39
Weekly Report
Week 1:
I spend time in I.E and sampling department. visit the floor many times and wrote
findings and also did work on the Bill of Material (BOM).
Week 2:
I spend this week in PPC. I manage the reports such as cut-to-pack, Order
Closure reports, and Aging reports.
Week 3:
I spend time in the production department. I learned all the operations and make
reports on them.
Week 4:
I spend in the Quality department. I checked the quality of the articles and make
a report which is submitted to the quality manager
Week 5:
I spend this week in Accounts Department and manage CMT, per-piece rate
payments also make financial statements.
Week 6:
I spend this week in Marketing Department and there I managed the planning
sheet against the book order from the customer
40
Learning as an Internee:
I have learned a lot of things and skills during my internship period. I have interacted
with almost all the departments.
Following are the departments in which I get a chance to learn new knowledge.
Industrial Engineering:
In this department, I interact with most of the textile engineers and learn how to
minimize costs and enhance production. One thing is that not every employee is the
best asset for the company some have fewer skills which affects the company’s
performance. I also learn how to set targets and how to achieve them. I acquire the
knowledge of Standard Allow Minutes (SAM). The whole department is based on
this.
Production Planning and Control:
In this department, I learn communication skills such as how to interact in the

meeting and how to perform in the meeting also. This section had a lot of impact on
my academic and professional life because it focused on the formulation,
implementation, and evaluation of plans.
Production:
In this department, I learned how to start the production process and engage
operators by giving some incentives. I also learned how to manage the difficulties
during making the articles. I interacted with some managers and learn how to talk
with the employees/operators. Furthermore, how to complete weekly targets learned.
Quality:
I spent much time in this department and learned how to inspect all the articles from
fabric inspection to final product inspection. It is the crucial department of every
organization and has more importance. I acquire that highly skilled employees are
very important for the company. If a company fires some employees due to
41
downsizing, they can bear a very big loss because they are also trained and training
is not easy.
Accounts:
I learned how to make payments in an excel sheet and make a salary as well. I also
learned some practical knowledge of financial reports, managing cash, and
payments. The manager told me If I have passion and am very sincere with my work
and organization, the company will appreciate me in the form of some monetary
benefits (increment), etc.
Marketing:
In this department, I spend plenty of time and learned how to communicate and
negotiate with the customers and must be aware of competitor strategies. Customer
retention is more important rather than attraction because of the excellent brand
image of the Sapphire group, customers can easily attracted. I acquire some skills
such as how to maintain a planning sheet and interact with different departments. I
also learned that highly skilled employees are very important for the company. If a
company fires some employees due to downsizing, it can bear a very big loss.
Because they are also trained and training is not easy. Due to the loss of customers,
companies can fire employees. So, marketers should have a good relationship with
their customers.
Furthermore, I observed that our university/student life is different from working in

the corporate sector, especially at Sapphire Textiles. The manager of STM advise
me
“We should believe on our self if we want to grow in every sector of life”
The other thing that I have learned in the organization that is we should update with
the technology be on time, do work with loyalty, and must be efficient in our work
activities.
42
Duties at Sapphire (Home Textile):
I performed some tasks during my internship period in different departments. I have

done work in a team for the purpose of achieving the goal of an organization. My
duties are to maintain cut-to-pack reports, learn quality standards, check the shading
of the fabric with its continuity, attend lectures from the DGM, check inline stitching,
audit the articles with the company manager, entered some data on ERP (Demy) for
the learning of Oracle, learn all the techniques and overall textile process of textile
and gain experience in marketing, learn how the company works, get the knowledge
of soft skills, etc.
Research:
Every day of my internship, my task is to research on the textile sector because they
said If you want to become a good marketer of textiles you have proper knowledge
of production. That’s why I did research on the textile sector and wrote some findings
which are presented to my internship supervisor. Later on, I discuss those points
with the internship supervisor.
Network:
I build a good relationship with the managers and find a mentor. He helps me a lot in
choosing the right career and I followed in his footsteps in the future.
Furthermore, university students have some extra knowledge regarding new

technology so, they expect me to get the new recommendation that will be executed.
43
During my whole internship, I attended some meetings of the organization I focused
on how to enhance my soft skills such as stress management, communication,
negotiation skills, etc.
Accomplishment:
The first thing my dream was to do an internship at Sapphire Textile. Sapphire fulfills
my dream and gave me a chance for 6 weeks internship. I learned how to deal with
customers, and how to speak with the boss. I also learned how to manage time.
I got a chance to meet the staff of Sapphire Textile and understand the culture of the
organization and gained knowledge of all the departments and team building.
Acquire the knowledge of cut-to-pack and learned a lot of motivation tactics that are
necessary for every organization.
Another accomplishment is pricing strategy should meet the quality of products.

Fewer prices with high quality can be a plus point for us. I also prepared some
reports such as a Bill of material, planning sheet, cut-to-pack, findings, and
Reconciliation reports, etc. I submitted these reports to my internship supervisor at
an organization.
New Knowledge Acquired:
I acquired knowledge of home textile marketing techniques and confidence which

are very important to some other soft skills such as:
44
Interpersonal
Accountabilit
Teamwork
y
Critical
Multitasking
Thinking
Assertiveness
Explanation of the above skills:
Interpersonal Skills:
I acquired that in order to excel in both my career and personal life, I must have
effective communication skills. One of the top qualities that potential employers look
for in candidates is this, and an internship can help me to develop it. I can be
required to communicate with my project managers throughout an internship, send
and answer emails, plan meetings, express my thoughts, etc. I improved my writing
and oral communication abilities by completing all of these exercises.
Teamwork:
Despite the fact that I may excel in most hard and soft talents on an individual basis,
I worked in a team in a professional context. As a result, most companies anticipate
that I will be a team player and can work and communicate effectively with the team.
I have the opportunity to develop this ability through an internship. I got the
opportunity to work and collaborate in teams during the internship, where each
person's input is valued equally. This taught me how to collaborate with others who
have different perspectives, adhere to deadlines, recognize my own skills and flaws,
etc.
Multitasking:
There is no better way to acquire efficient time management and interpersonal

skills than through an internship. I managed numerous projects simultaneously
during an internship while meeting tight deadlines. Due to the possibility of ongoing
45
modifications for all of these activities, it's not always possible to complete all in the
allotted time. However, as time goes on, I'll develop consistency in my work and be
able to manage several jobs well without missing a deadline.
Assertiveness:
I acquire the knowledge of assertiveness and it is a very important thing for me.
During my internship period, I had done some tasks that demand more of my time
and I also worked with coworkers who are unwilling to put in as much effort as I did.
But I learned how to be aggressive in these situations and know when to say "no."
The ability to be assertive is crucial in the workplace.
Accountability:
I have to need this expertise in the workplace. You have taken the responsibility for
your work decisions and performance etc. The internship taught me that I should be
accountable for my own work by providing experience to the workplace.
Critical Thinking:
I learned most recruiters place high importance on candidates with strong critical
thinking abilities. All areas of a business and all divisions of an organization require
this skill. Therefore, developing your critical thinking abilities is necessary if you want
to thrive in your work. I have done it with the aid of an internship and encountered a
different obstacle each day while interning, and I discovered new approaches to
solving problems as a result.
Challenges and Problems Faced:
I have faced some problems during my internship such as:
As a marketing student, I face some difficulties regarding understanding

textile concepts.
46
The stipend is a high motivation for the internees but STM gives a very less
amount of stipend to the internees.
Some managers who have a lot of knowledge regarding their field do not
share maximum knowledge with internees.
Due to loss of customers, companies can fire employees. So, marketers
should have a good relationship with their customers.
I saw a behavioral change in some managers due to workload so, before
asking the question make sure your manager is free or busy.
The main problem which I faced there are very high workload on employees
that’s why I felt some difficulty talking with them.
How Experience Impact my Career:
I learned knowledge of textile marketing but in six weeks of internship, there is a very
short time to learn the environment of the corporation, and I am interested in the
textile industry so if I want to join the textile sector after completing my degree then I
should upgrade my knowledge regarding this industry. I have gained a benefit from
this internship because this opportunity gave me the direction in which I want to join
the industry in the future.
One of the main advantages of an internship is networking. During an internship, I

may meet people who subsequently serve as references, mentors, or sources of
employment. At the beginning of my profession, they could assist me in skill
development and moral support. A good enough motivation to do an internship is to
expand my network of contacts.
I may build my resume and obtain relevant professional experience through an

internship. An internship can provide me with a taste of many areas of a full-time job
while also letting me explore interests and define my own career ambitions.
The internship is very valuable for me because it helps me to develop my

professional skills, improve my personal character, and give me a greater
opportunity. By doing an internship, I will give myself the best possible chance to find
and apply for a job after my university.
47
So, my overall experience in Sapphire Textile (Home textile) was excellent.
Conclusion:
I concluded that Sapphire Textile Mills is no doubt one of the leading and successful
groups in Pakistan, Sapphire Group is having a good reputation amongst the
business community by offering high quality and premium products to its customers
at suitable prices. It has employee loyalty and a fully motivated workforce. I also
concluded that they treat their internees very well and help them through their
problems. There was never even a moment that I felt uncomfortable in any
department. Everyone treated and guided me very well and I had an excellent
experience throughout my internship period. The whole study is representing that the
company's development has principally been accomplished through commitment and
hard work by the owner and employees. The efficiency of its management, and their
readiness to take benefit of opportunities and face challenges of fluctuating
economic situation, all add to the very much developed and sound position of the
company. This is appreciable for the dedication and hard work of all the employees
of the company.
Bibliography:
The main source of gain data from Sapphire Textile is the official website.
https://sapphiretextiles.com.pk/
Sapphire. (2022). Sapphire Textile Mills Limited. https://sapphiretextiles.com.pk/
Sapphiretextiles.com.pk. 2022. Home Textile – Sapphire Textile Mills Limited.

[online] Available at: <https://sapphiretextiles.com.pk/home-textile/>
48
Sapphiretextiles.com.pk. 2022. Mission & Vision – Sapphire Textile Mills Limited.
[online] Available at: <https://sapphiretextiles.com.pk/mission-vision/>
Sapphire Textile Mills Ltd. Fundamental Company Report Including Financial,

SWOT, Competitors, and Industry Analysis. (2022, October 3).
https://marketpublishers.com/report/consumers_goods/textile/sapphire_textile_mills_
ltd_swot_analysis_bac.html
Kiron, M. I. (2014, February 17). Functions of Quality Assurance Department in the

Garment Industry. Textile Learner. https://textilelearner.net/quality-assurance-in-
garment-industry/
Sapphire. (2022). Home Textile – Sapphire Textile Mills Limited.
https://sapphiretextiles.com.pk/home-textile/
49
Glossary:
STML Sapphire Textile Mills Limited
DGM Deputy General Manager
IE Industrial Engineering
PD Product Development
QC Quality Control
QA Quality Assurance
SPI Stitch per Inch
CMT Cut Make and Trin
PO Purchase Order
SO Sale Order
50
PPC Production Planning and Control
ETD Estimated Date of Dispatch
TBA To be achieved
FOB Free on Board
CNF Cost & Freight
GRD Goods Ready Date
Annex
51

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Acknowledgment:

1969 1970 1980-1990 1990

1995 2002 2014 2021

To be one of the premier textile Companies recognized for leadership in

Our customers will share in our success through innovative manufacturing,

(Mission & Vision – Sapphire Textile Mills Limited, 2022)

Our mission is to be recognized as a premier supplier to the markets we

(Mission & Vision – Sapphire Textile Mills Limited, 2022)

Sapphire Textiles has a business

Organizational Hierarchy and Structure

DGM I.E DGM Production DGM Quality

The analysis stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and threats. It

High Quality Products High cost of production

Strong Fiber and customer oriented Centralized Decision Making

Strong service Small International market share

Enhance production capacity

Company Life Cycle:

STML 7 provides everything which need

The following are the product line of Bedroom:

Decor and Furnishing:

The following are the product line of Decor and Furnishing:

Elegant kitchenware is produced by fusing elegance and functionality. Find a variety

The following are the product line of Kitchen:

Departments of STM (Home Textile):

Production Quality Accounts Marketing

Department Functions and Operations:

The responsibility of this department is to deliver high-level Administrative and HR

The HR officials have many responsibilities as it is one of the main departments of

Production Planning & Control (PPC)

The department is the supply chain management department. It is mainly

Following is the working process:

PP Meeting (New Product Development):

Track Wise Plan (Fabric + Accessories)

DAILY FOLLOW UP (FABRIC + ACCESSORY + PRODUCTION)

An industrial engineer is responsible for many tasks. Industrial engineers in the

Analysis of Product Collect Production Report submit to the

Arrange PP Meeting Line Balancing

I.E is responsible to negotiate with the merchandisers and do analysis regarding

Commercialization Idea Screening

In general, the process of conceptualizing, designing, producing, introducing, and

There are 6 steps involved in Product Development

Generating the idea for a product/service:

Ideas created in the aforementioned process step are subjected to a thorough

Testing the Concept:

For many other reasons, including understanding process flow, machine

Sampling Planning Sheet Update

Direct Fabric From STM 9

Explanation of Process Flow:

Sampling planning sheet update:

Direct fabric from STM-9 or fabric demand from the store:

When an article is completely stitched. We finish the article, measurements, and

Following are the section of production:

Cutting Sewing Finishing

There are two branches of Quality in STML 7.

Quality Assurance (QA)

Quality Controller (QC)

It establishes factory quality standards in accordance with the demands and

When a corporation has established quality standards, those requirements must be