division

hepatophyta
LIVERWORTS

Presentation By Dhylan Rich H. Rama

DIVISION HEPATOPHYTA

What is Bryophytes?

They are non-vascular

plants, which means they

have no roots or vascular

tissue, but instead absorb

water and nutrients from

the air through their

surface.
DIVISION HEPATOPHYTA

Bryophytes can be

classified into three

divisions. These are the;

mosses (Bryophyta)
hornworts (Anthocerophyta)
liverworts (Hepatophyta)
DIVISION HEPATOPHYTA
What is Division Hepatophyta?

Hepatophyta means "liver

plant" and refers to the

body of some common

species of liverworts,

whose lobing is

reminiscent of a liver.
DIVISION HEPATOPHYTA
What is Division Hepatophyta?

Liverworts are the

simplest of the living

plants, and range in size

from minuscule, leafy

filaments less
DIVISION HEPATOPHYTA
What makes Division

Hepatophyta unique?
Liverworts lack
specialized conducting

tissues, cuticles, and

stomates, and their

rhizoids are always

unicellular.
DIVISION HEPATOPHYTA

There are two kinds of

liverworts based on body

form: thallose and leafy.

DIVISION HEPATOPHYTA

The gametophytes arise

directly from spores in

most species. Most

liverworts (75%) have

nine chromosomes in

their haploid cells.

DIVISION HEPATOPHYTA
Sexual reproduction: Archegoniophores

Marchantia is dioecious

(separate male & female

plants)
Archegoniophore: structure

bearing archegonia NOT

sporophyte tissue!
DIVISION HEPATOPHYTA
Asexual reproduction: Archegoniophores

Form on upper surface.

Contain gemmae (small

green disks of tissue)

Raindrops break them free

of cup, & these can turn into

gametophytes
REFERENCES
https://science.jrank.org/pages/1048/Bryophyte-Hepatophyta-
division-liverworts.html
https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biol
ogy/Book%3A_General_Biology_(Boundless)/25%3A_Seedless_Plants/
25.03%3A_Bryophytes/25.3B%3A_Liverworts_and_Hornworts#:~:text=
Liverwort%20gametophytes%20(the%20dominant%20stage,may%20
be%20observed%20in%20liverworts.
THANK YOU SO

MUCH!
Presentation By Dhylan Rich H. Rama