GTA 20-10-001

RUSSIA MILITARY
Quick Reference Guide
T-72
Combat Weight (tons): 44.5

Max Speed (km/h): 60

Main Armament (mm): 125

Max Effective Range (km): 2-3

U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command

January 2020
 Table of Contents
Russian Military Districts Overview ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……. 3
Russian Military Headquarters Overview ..………………………………………………………………………………………….……………. 4
Typical Table of Organization and Equipment (TO&E)..……..…………………………….……………………………………………….….5-6
Military Districts and Order of Battle .…………………………………………………………………………………………………..……… 7-19
Western Military District ……………………………………………...……………………………………………...……………. 8
Western Military District Order of Battle ……………………………………………….………………….... 9-10
Southern Military District …………………………………………………………………………………………………….........11
Southern Military District Order of Battle ………………………………………………………………..... 12-13
Central Military District ………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………. 14
Central Military District Order of Battle ……………..…………………………………………….…………... 15
Eastern Military District ………………………………………………………………………………………………..……….….16
Eastern Military District Order of Battle …….………………………………………………………….…..….. 17
Northern Fleet and Arctic Joint Strategic Command…………………………………………………………………..…….….18
Northern Fleet and Arctic Joint Strategic Command Order of Battle...................................................….. 19
Airborne Forces Order of Battle ……………………………………………………………………………………….……...21-22
Ratnik…………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………...….24
Equipment……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...….26-32
Russian Small Arms and RPGs.……….…………………………………………………………………………….……………………....….… 26
Russian Anti-Tank Guided Missiles.……………………………………………………………………………………….….…………...……... 27
Russian Combat Vehicles……….………………………………………………………………………………………….………………...….... 28
Russian Indirect Fire.…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………….... 29
Russian Air Defense.………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….………………… 30
Russian Helicopters in Western District.…………………………………………………………………………………………………...… 31-32
Rank Structure……………………...………………………………………………………………................................................................… 34
Appendix A Symbology Key……..……………………...…………………………………..………………………………………………......… 36
Appendix B Quick Facts……..……………………...……………………………………………….........................................................… 37-38
 Russian Military Districts Overview

Moscow implemented a new Joint Strategic Command (OSK) structure in 2010 to better facilitate joint military
operations. Russia converted its six military districts into four OSKs. In 2015, Russia created a fifth OSK, the
Northern Fleet, to improve its capability to project military power into the Arctic and to take advantage of the
opening of the Russia’s Northern Sea Route. 3
 Russian Military Headquarters Overview

Northern
Fleet

Baltic Sea XXXX

Fleet

XXXX

XXXX

XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
20

8
58 2 XXXX XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
41 35
5 Pacific
29
49 Fleet

36
Caspian
Flotilla

Since 1862, Russian military forces have aligned under military districts based off territorial association. Territorial
divisions are utilized to provide more efficient management of units, their training, and activities related to combat
readiness. A military district command has units of all military branches (Ground Forces, Air Force and Air
Defenses, Navy) under their supervision. 4
 Typical TO&E

X X X

Personnel: 3,000 Personnel: 3,000-4,500 Personnel: 3,000-4,500

Equipment: T-72B3/T-80/T-90 Equipment: BTR-80/BTR-82/BTR-90 Equipment: BMP-2/BMP-3/MT-LBV

II II II

31 x MBT (93) 43 x BTR (129) 43 x BMP/MT-LBV (129)

II II II

MT-LBV/BTR (43) MBT (41) MBT (41)

II II II

18 x 2S19 (18) 2S19 (36)

2S19 (18)

II II II

2S25 (6) 2S25 (6)

2S25 (6)
9P162 (24) 9P162 (24)
9P162 (24)

II II II

BM-21 (18) BM-21 (18)

BM-21 (18)

II II II

SA-15B (12) SA-15B (12)

SA-15B (12)
SA-18 (9) SA-18 (9)
SA-18 (9)

II II II

2S6M1 (6) 2S6M1 (6)

2S6M1 (6)
SA-13 (6) SA-13 (6)
SA-13 (6)

5
 Typical TO&E

X X X X

Personnel: 1,000 Personnel: 500 Personnel: 400-500 Personnel: 500

Equipment: 2S19/2S35 Equipment: 9A52-2/9A52-4 Equipment: SA-15B/SA-18 Equipment: 2S6M1/SA-13

II II II II

6 x Launchers (18) SA-15B (36) 2S6M1 (18)

18 x Howitzers (36)
SA-18 (27) SA-13 (18)

II II
II

9A52-4 (18) 2S19 (18)

MANPAD (27)

II

2S25 (6)
9P162 (18)

6
Military Districts
&
Order of Battle

7
 Western Military District
COMMAND: The Western
Military District is headquartered
in St Petersburg, Russia

Personnel (active): 150,000

X X

X
X
79 11 138 6
III
336 BF
25 6

7 11

III
III

228 144
488 144
III X

182 144
6 1
III
III III III
X
752 3
III
1 2 15 2 1 2
252 3
III III III
237 3

12 4 13 4 423 4
X

27 1

8
 Western Military District Order of Battle
XXXX
XXXX

Baltic Sea Fleet

6 20
XX XX XXX
X X

138 3 144
25
9 11
III III III III X X
X X III

752 488 228 448 336

26 237
5 252 182 7
III III III III X
X X
OPS
OPS

1143 856 1259 9

99 79
95
X II II X

SF SF
84 148 244
132
X II X
II

51 337 1281 152

III III
II II

6 22
692 686
III
II II

30
911 295

*Insignia not available for all units. 9

 Western Military District Order of Battle
XXXX

XX 1
XX
X

2 4 202

III III III III X X X

1 12 6 79
1 423 27
15 13
III III X X X X
III

275 49 112 288 45

147 1117
II II III X II
II
OPS

SF SF SF
137 538 96 540
1174 136
II X Operational Group
II Transnistria

II

330 53
211
II X
II 82
OPS
II

413 60
47 II X 113
II

1088 69
1063 II

165 *Insignia not available for all units. 10

 Southern Military District
III III
COMMAND: The Southern
102 150 103 150 Military District is headquartered
III III
in Rostov-On-Don, Russia
163 150 68 150

Personnel (active): 100,000

20 8

X X
II

34 49 205 49
727 CF
X

19 58 II

414 CF
X
III III

136 58
71 42 291 42
III

70 42

11
 Southern Military District Order of Battle
XXXX XXXX
XXXX

49
58 8
X
XX XX

205
42 150
X
III X III X

34
70 19
III 102 20
71 136
291 103
III III
SF
Base
25
4 68
50 X 163
III X
III

SF 227
1203 100 X
933
X
III

1
12 X
381
X

90
291 X
X OPS

66
67

Base
7
*Insignia not available for all units. 12
 Southern Military District Order of Battle

XXXX

Black Sea Fleet Caspian Flotilla

Base
102 XXX II X

III
22 414 77
727
X X
X
988

SF
810 439
127
X
X

28
126 X
III

11
8
X

15

*Insignia not available for all units. 13

 Central Military District
COMMAND: The Central
Military District is headquartered
in Khabarovsk

Personnel (active): 200,000

III

228 90

X X III III
X 74 41 X

30 2 15 2 80 90 6 90
41 41
X III 35 41

21 2 239 90

14
 Central Military District Order of Battle
XXXX

XXXX

2
41
X X XX X

30
15 92 28
90
21
III X X
III X X

950 385 35 232

239 55
X 74 X
X 6
80 III III

Base
2 297 29
201 149
228 X
X 92
III 191 OPS
OPS
X X

91 179
400
X 61 120
X
X III

71
33
X 119 10
X
OPS

105
35
X

106

*Insignia not available for all units. 15

 Eastern Military District
COMMAND: The Eastern
Military district is headquartered
in Khabarovsk, Russia

Personnel (active): 200,000

40 PF

III

X X 49 18
X X
III

35 39 68
35 64
5 36 38
46 18
X X

X X
X 36 29 69 35

X
57 5 59 5
37 36
X X
70 5

155 PF 60 5

16
 Eastern Military District Order of Battle
XXXX XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXX

36
5 35 29 68 Pacific Fleet

X X X X XX X

70
59 64 5 36 155
57 38 18
X X X 40
60 X X
X
III

69 37 200
20
X X X 46 39 520
X 49 X

107 103 3
305
X X X 72
X

165 30 140
8
X X III
III

71 35 19
25
III III X
X
OPS

35 26 104
80
X X
X
OPS OPS

54 75
101
X X

103 102 *Insignia not available for all units. 17

 Northern Fleet and Arctic Joint Strategic Command
COMMAND: The Northern
Fleet and the Joint Arctic
Command is headquartered in
Severomorsk, Russia

Personnel (active): 50,000

X
61 NF
X
200 14

80 14

18
Northern Fleet and Arctic Joint Strategic Command Order of Battle

XXX

14
Northern Fleet

X X

200 61
80
X

536

*Insignia not available for all units. 19

 “VDV”
Airborne Forces

20
 Airborne Forces Order of Battle
XXX

XX XX XX XX X

7 76 98 106 11
III III III III III III III III II II
V V

108 1141 104 217 1065 51 498 9

1140 1182
247 II 331 137 499
III 234 III II III II III II I I

3 162 4 175 5 215 1 173

II II II II II II II II I
C C C C

M M M M
629 185 656 242 661 243 388 110
II II II II I

743 728 647 731

II II II II I

6 7 15 43
II II II II I

1681 1682 1683 1060

21
*Insignia not available for all units.
 Airborne Forces Order of Battle
X X X X X

38
31 56 83 45 242
II II II II II II III

V
SF
598 226
218
635 285
II I II 654 II II II

MI
9 901 1120
I I I II
C

M
266
I I I

I I I

I I I

I I I

I I

*Insignia not available for all units. 22

 Ratnik
Combat Kit

23
 Ratnik Russian Military Combat Kit

The Russian military issues Ratnik as load-bearing equipment and combat gear. Ratnik is meant to provide all Russian soldiers a combat kit
suited for future combat environments. The total kit is over forty pieces and worn with an all-season camouflage uniform that includes body armor
(6B45) and a lightweight helmet (6B47) that can be fitted with advanced vision gear. Modular elements include additional armored thigh and
shoulder trauma plates for infantry, and the modern Strelets voice, data, and video communications system with a GLONASS satellite navigation
module. 24
Equipment

25
 Russian Small Arms and RPGs
Makarov AK-74 RPK

PKM RPG-7 SPG-9 AGS-17

Makarov AK-74 RPK PKM RPG-7 SPG-9 AGS-17

Weapon System (Pistol) (Automatic Rifle) (Machinegun) (Machinegun) (Grenade Launcher) (Recoilless Rifle) (Grenade Launcher)

Caliber (mm) 9 5.45 7.62 7.62 40 73 30

System Weight (kg) .81 3.6 6.8 15.5 6.3 47 31
Max Effective Range (m) 50 500 1000 1500 300 1300 800
Rate of Fire (per min) 30 650 600 650 4-6 6 350-400
Rounds per magazine 8 30 40/75 100-200 3 6 29
Armor Penetration (mm) - - - - 260 400 -
Crew - - - - 2 4 2 26
 Russian Anti-Tank Guided Missiles (ATGM)
9M111 9M113 9M115

9M115-2 9M133

9M111 9M113 9M115 9M115-2 9M133

Weapon System (Fagot) (Konkurs) (Metis) (Metis-M) (Kornet)

Caliber (mm) 120 135 93 130 152

Max Effective Range (m) 2000 4000 1000 2000 5500
Min Effective Range (m) 70 70 40 80 100
Armor Penetration (mm) 400 600 460 1000 1300
Guidance System SACLOS SACLOS SACLOS SACLOS SACLOS
System Weight with Rocket (kg) 34 37.1 16.5 24.3 55
Crew 2 2-3 2 3 2 27
 Russian Combat Vehicles
T-90A BTR-90

BMP-3U BMD-4

Weapon System T-90A BTR-90 BMP-3U BMD-4

Combat Weight (tons) 46.5 20.9 18.7 13.4
Max Speed (km/h) 60 100 70 70
Main Armament (mm) 125 30 30 100/30
Basic Load HE / AP 2A42 30mm 500 x 30mm 100mm 2A70
AT-5 Spandrel AT-5 Spandrel 22 x 100mm 2A42 30mm
PKT coax AGS-17D 3 x GLATGM PKT Coax
PKT Coax PKT Coax
Max Effective Range (km) 5 4.5 5 7
Rate of Fire (per min) 5 50 50 12 28
 Russian Indirect Fire Key
D-30 TOS-1

2S19 9A52-2

Weapon System D-30 TOS-1 2S19 9A52-2

Combat Weight (tons) 2.8 45.3 42 43.7
Max Speed (km/h) 60 60 60 60

Main Armament (mm) 122 220 152.4 300

Basic Load 50 30 50 12
Rate of Fire (per min) 10-12 120 6-8 24-26

Max Effective Range (km) 30 17 60 90

29
 Russian Air Defense
SA-17 ZSU-23

SA-21 SA-22

Weapon System SA-17 ZSU-23 SA-21 SA-22

Combat Weight (tons) 35 19 20 30
Max Speed (km/h) 80 50 60 50
Main Armament (mm) 400 4×23 2A7 40N6E 2A38M 30mm
23YA6 missile
Basic Load or Stowage 4 2000 4 12x23Ya6
2000x30mm
Rate of Fire (per min) 24 4,000 17-20 4,000
Max Effective Range (km) 40 20 200 50 30
 Russian Helicopters in Western District
Ka-52A Mi-28N

Mi-35 Mi-26

Weapon System Ka-52A (Attack) Mi-28N (Attack) Mi-35 (Attack) Mi-26 (Utility/Transport)
Combat Weight (tons) 10.8 11.5 11.5 56
Max Speed (km/h) 310 320 310 295
Armaments 1x30mm Cannon 1x30mm Cannon Two-barrel 23mm cannon
-
(460 Rounds) (300 Rounds)
12 x Vikhr AT 16 x Ataka Ataka-V AT/Shturm-V AT/
4 x Igla-V AA -
Igla AA
Crew/Troops 2 2 2/8 5/80
Max Effective Range (km) 520 460 435 1,952 31
 Russian Helicopters in Western District
Mi-8MTV-5 Mi-24

Mi-8

Weapon System Mi-8MTV-5 (Attack/Utility) Mi-24 (Attack) Mi-8 (Utility/Transport)

Combat Weight (tons) 13 12.5 12
Max Speed (km/h) 250 310 250
Armaments 2 x 7.62 mm machine guns 23mm twin-barrel cannon 7.62mm and 12.7mm
trainable machine guns
Ataka-V AT/Shturm-V AT/ 9M114 Shturm (AT-6 Spiral) 9M17P Skorpion/9M114 Shturm/9M120
Igla AA Vikhr AT/Igla-V AA

Crew/Troops 3/26 3/8 3/24

Max Effective Range (km) 580 450 350 32
Rank Structure

33
Russian Military Rank Structure

34
Appendix

35
 Appendix A “Symbology Key”
V
Air Assault Infantry Communications Mountain Infantry

Airborne Infantry Engineer Mountain Motor Rifle

Artillery Infantry Naval Infantry

Anti-Aircraft Missile-Artillery Logistics Reactive Artillery

Anti-Tank Maintenance Reconnaissance

Anti-Tank Artillery Medical Self-Propelled Artillery

C
Cargo Medium Lift Base Military Base SF Special Forces (Spetsnaz)
M

CBRN Anti-Aircraft Missile Tank

Motor Rifle
OPS

Command and Control

36
 Appendix B “Quick Facts”

Ground Troops or Sukhoputniye Voyska are the land warfighting component of the Russian Ministry of Defense. The Ground
Troops constitute the largest component of the Russian Federation armed forces.

Motorized Rifle Troops units are the most abundant formations in Russia's Ground Troops. Essentially mounted infantry, these are
highly mobile forces tasked with holding territory, repulsing enemy attacks, breaking through enemy defenses, capturing important
areas, and defeating the enemy.

Tank Troops are the main strike component of the Ground Troops. They support Motorized Rifle Troop missions with direct fires
during meeting engagements.

Missile Troops and Artillery are the main means of indirect fires for Russian combined arms operations. Missile Troops and Artillery
forces are organized into missile, rocket-artillery, and combined artillery units. Missile units operate close/short-range ballistic
missiles. Rocket-artillery units operate multiple rocket launchers (MLRs), and combined artillery units operate composite towed or
self-propelled artillery and MLRs.

Air Defense Troops provide air defense for the Ground Troops. These units are equipped with anti-aircraft missiles, anti-aircraft
artillery, anti-aircraft gun-and-missile systems, and portable anti-aircraft missile systems.

Reconnaissance Troops perform a wide range of tasks in order to provide decision makers with information about enemy strength,
disposition, terrain, and weather conditions.

Engineer Troops perform a variety of specialized tasks, including the construction of fortifications, installation of obstacles (mine
fields, etc.), the preparation of field deployment locations, the preparation and maintenance of deployment routes, the construction of
bridges and ferry crossings, and water purification.

Nuclear Biological Chemical Defense Troops are specialized forces tasked with mitigating the effects of nuclear, biological, or
chemical contamination.

Signal Troops are specialized forces designed for the deployment and maintenance of mobile redundant command, control, and
communications systems.

37
 Appendix B “Quick Facts”

Since 2010, there have been significant improvements in the condition of Russian ground arms, including the modernization and
upgrade of the main battle tank (MBT) inventory. The active inventory includes the T-72, T-80U, and T-90 MBTs.

The T-72 is one of Russia’s oldest active MBTs and has been upgraded to include substantial enhancements in explosive reactive
armor, electronic components, and enhanced navigation systems.

Russia remains the second largest arms exporter worldwide, in terms of the annual value of both its export contracts and equipment
deliveries. Russia is an exporter of nearly every category of conventional military equipment, from small arms to long-range air
defense systems and submarines.

Russia's Airborne Troops or VDV (Vozdushno-Desantniye Voyska) is an independent arm of service within the Russian
Federation armed forces. In its role as rapid response or initial assault forces, the VDV may be used to achieve specific objectives
that shape the battle space for follow-on ground forces.

These may include:

-Seizing key terrain (i.e., bridges, airports, and seaports).

-Establishing blocking positions and vertical envelopment of a retreating enemy.

-Disrupting enemy logistical supplies, communications, and command centers.

-Destroying high value targets.

38
Notes

39