§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5.

C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c

Nhóm 1. Biến đổi và rút gọn cơ bản

1. Biến đổi thành tích các biểu thức sau:

i D = cos 3x + cos x = .......................................................................................................................

2. cos 2x . cos x

i D = cos 4x − cos x = .......................................................................................................................

-2. sin 5x/2 . sin 3x/2

i D = sin 3x + sin 2x = .....................................................................................................................

2.sin 5x/2 . cos x/2

i D = sin 5x − sin x = ........................................................................................................................

2.cos3x. sin2x

i D = sin(a + b ) − sin(a − b ) = ........................................................................................................

2.cos a . sin b

i D = cos x + sin 2x − cos 3x = .......................................................................................................

4. sin x. cos 3x/2 . cos x/2

i D = sin 3x − sin x + sin 2x = ........................................................................................................

i D = cos x − cos 2x − sin 3x = ........................................................................................................

i D = sin x + sin 2x + sin 3x = ........................................................................................................
i D = cos x + cos 2x + cos 3x = .......................................................................................................

i D = 2 sin 2x + cos 5x − cos 9x = ................................................................................................

i D = sin 3x − 2 sin 2x + sin x = ......................................................................................................

i D = cos2 x + cos2 2x + cos2 3x − 1 = ...........................................................................................

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3
i D = sin2 x + sin2 2x + sin2 3x − = ...........................................................................................
2
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i D = sin2 3x − sin 2 2x − sin 2 x = ....................................................................................................

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i D = sin2 x − cos2 2x − cos2 3x = ...................................................................................................

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i D = sin2 x − 2 sin2 2x + sin2 3x = .................................................................................................

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Trang - 137 -
§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c
 21π 
i D = sin 2 4x − cos2 6x − sin  + 10x  = ..................................................................................
 2 

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i D = sin2 3x − cos2 4x − sin2 5x + cos2 6x = ................................................................................

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3
i D = cos2 x + cos2 2x + cos2 3x + cos2 4x − = .........................................................................
2
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 π 5π  9x
i D = cos 3x + sin 7x − 2 sin 2  +  + 2 cos2 = .................................................................
 4 2 2

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2. Rút gọn các biểu thức sau:

sin 5x − sin 3x
i D= = .....................................................................................................................
2 cos 4x
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cos 4x − cos 2x
i D= = ....................................................................................................................
sin 4x + sin 2x

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sin(x + y )
i D= = .........................................................................................................................
sin x + sin y

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sin x + sin y
i D= = ........................................................................................................................
cos x + cos y

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cos x + sin x
i D= = ........................................................................................................................
cos x − sin x
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Trang - 138 -
§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c

sin2 4x − sin2 2x
i D= = ..................................................................................................................
cos2 x − cos2 2x
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sin2 4x
i D= = ....................................................................................................
2 cos x + cos 3x + cos 5x

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sin 2x
i D= = .....................................................................................................................
tan x + cot2x

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tan 3x + tan 5x
i D= = ...................................................................................................................
cot 3x + cot 5x

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tan 2x + cot2x
i D= = ................................................................................................................
1 + tan 2x . tan 4x

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1 + sin 2x + cos 2x
i D= = .............................................................................................................
1 + sin 2x − cos 2x

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1 + sin 4x − cos 4x
i D= = .............................................................................................................
1 + cos 4x + sin 4x

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sin 2x + 2 sin 3x + sin 4x

i D= = ..................................................................................................
cos 3x + 2 cos 4x + cos 5x

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sin x + sin 4x + sin 7x

i D= = ......................................................................................................
cos x + cos 4x + cos 7x

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cos 2x − sin 4x − cos 6x

i D= = .....................................................................................................
cos 2x + sin 4x − cos 6x

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Trang - 139 -
§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c

sin 4x + sin 5x + sin 6x

i D= = ....................................................................................................
cos 4x + cos 5x + cos 6x

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cos 7x − cos 8x − cos 9x + cos10x

i D= = ...................................................................................
sin 7x − sin 8x − sin 9x + sin10x

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1 + cos x + cos 2x + cos 3x

i D= = ...............................................................................................
2 cos2 x + cos x − 1

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2(sin 2x + 2 cos2 x − 1)
i D= = ..........................................................................................
cos x − sin x − cos 3x + sin 3x

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sin(x + y ) − sin x cos(x + y ) + cos x

i D= − = ..........................................................................
sin(x + y ) + sin x cos(x − y ) − cos x

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3. Biến đổi thành tổng:

π 2π
i D = sin sin = ..........................................................................................................................
5 5

i D = sin 5x cos 3x = .........................................................................................................................

3π π
i D = sin cos = .........................................................................................................................
4 6

π 7π
i D = sin cos = ........................................................................................................................
12 12
i D = sin(x + y ) cos(x − y ) = ...........................................................................................................

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i D = sin(x + 30°) cos(x − 30°) = ...................................................................................................

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i D = 2 sin x sin 2x sin 3x = ..............................................................................................................

Trang - 140 -
§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c
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i D = 8 cos x sin 2x sin 3x = ..............................................................................................................

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 π  π
i D = sin x +  sin x −  cos 2x = .............................................................................................
 6   6 

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i D = 4 cos(a − b ) cos(b − c ) cos(c − a ) = ........................................................................................

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4. Rút gọn các biểu thức sau:

i D = cos11x cos 3x − cos17x cos 9x = ...........................................................................................

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i D = sin18x cos13x − sin 9x cos 4x = ...........................................................................................

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i D = sin x sin 3x + sin 4x sin 8x = ..................................................................................................

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i D = sin 2x sin 6x − cos x cos 3x = .................................................................................................

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i D = cos 3x cos 6x − cos 4x cos 7x = ..............................................................................................

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i D = sin x sin(60° − x ) sin(60° + x ) = ...........................................................................................

Trang - 141 -
§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c
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i D = 8 cos x cos(60° − x ) cos(60° + x ) + 1 = ................................................................................

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1
i D = cos x cos 2x sin 3x − sin 12x = ............................................................................................
4
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i D = 4 sin 2x sin 5x sin 7x − sin 4x = .............................................................................................

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1
i D = sin 2x sin 6x cos 4x + cos12x = ..........................................................................................
4
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1
i D = sin x sin 2x sin 3x − sin 4x = ..............................................................................................
4
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π  π 
i D = 4 cos x sin  + x  sin  − x  − cos 2x = ............................................................................
 6   6 

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Trang - 142 -
§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c
i D = sin 4x sin10x − sin11x sin 3x − sin 7x sin x = .....................................................................
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x 3x
i D = cos cos − sin x sin 3x − sin 2x sin 3x = ........................................................................
2 2
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7x 3x x 5x
i D = sin cos + sin cos + sin 2x cos 7x = ....................................................................
2 2 2 2
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i D = cos 2x + cos 4x + cos 6x − 4 cos x cos 2x cos 3x − 2 = ........................................................

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Nhóm 2. Tính giá trị của biểu thức

cos 7a + cos 4a + cos a 1 1 π π

1. Cho = ⋅ 2. Cho sin 2x = và < x < ⋅
sin 7a + sin 4a + sin a 2 3 4 2
1 sin x + sin 2x + sin 3x
Tính D = cos 8a. Tính D = ⋅
23 cos x + cos 2x + cos 3x
Lời giải tham khảo ..............................................................................
cos 7a + cos 4a + cos a 1 ..............................................................................
Có =
sin 7a + sin 4a + sin a 2
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(cos 7a + cos a ) + cos 4a 1
⇔ = ..............................................................................
(sin 7a + sin a ) + sin 4a 2
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2 cos 4a cos 3a + cos 4a 1
⇔ =
2 sin 4a cos 3a + sin 4a 2 ..............................................................................
cos 4a(2 cos 3a + 1) 1 ..............................................................................
⇔ =
sin 4a(2 cos 3a + 1) 2 ..............................................................................
1 1 1 ..............................................................................
⇔ cot 4a = ⇔ = ⇒ tan 4a = 2.
2 tan 4a 2

Trang - 143 -
§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c
1 ..............................................................................
Mà 1 + tan2 4a =
cos2 4a ..............................................................................
1 1 1 ..............................................................................
⇒ cos2 4a = 2
= 2
= ⋅
1 + tan 4a 1 + 2 5
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23 2
Mà cos 8a = 2 cos 4a − 1 = − ⋅ ..............................................................................
25
1 1 ..............................................................................
Suy ra D = cos 8a = − ⋅
23 25 ..............................................................................

1 + sin 4α − cos 4α  π 
= 3 và 0 < α < ⋅ Tính D = 2 sin α +
π
3. Cho  − cos α.
1 + sin 4α + cos 4α 2  6 

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1 1 1 1
4. Cho + + + = 7. Tính giá trị của D = cos 4x .
tan x cot x sin x cos2 x
2 2 2

1 1 1 1 1 1
Ta có: 2
+ 2
+ 2
+ 2
= 7 ⇔ cot2 x + tan2 x + 2
+ =7
tan x cot x sin x cos x sin x cos2 x
 cos2 x 1   sin2 x 1  cos2 x + 1 sin2 x + 1
⇔  2 +  +  +  = 7 ⇔ + =7
 sin x sin2 x   cos2 x cos2 x  sin2 x cos2 x

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7
Đáp số: D = cos 4x = − . .................................................................................................................
9

5. Không sử dụng máy tính, hãy tính: D = sin 20° sin 40° sin 80°.
D = sin 20° sin 40° sin 80° = (sin 40°.sin 20°).sin 80°

Trang - 144 -
§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c

1 1 1 1  1 
= (cos 20° − cos 60°).sin 80° = sin 80°. cos 20° − ⋅ sin 80° do : cos 60° = 
2 2 2 2  2 

1 1 1 1  3  1
= ⋅ (sin100° + sin 60°) − sin 80° = sin100° +  − sin 80°
2 2 4 4  2  4

1  3  1  3  3
=
4 (sin 100 ° − sin 80 °) + 
2  4
= 2 cos 90 ° sin10 ° +
2   =
8
(do : cos 90° = 0).
   
6. Không sử dụng máy tính, hãy tính: D = cos10° cos 30° cos 50° cos 70°.

3  3 

D = cos10° cos 30° cos 50° cos 70° = cos10°.(cos 70°.cos 50°)  do : cos 30 ° = 
2  2 

= ..............................................................................................................................................................
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3
Đáp số: D = . ..................................................................................................................................
16

1
7. Không sử dụng máy tính, hãy tính: D = − 4 sin 70°.
sin 10°

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2π 4π 6π 8π
8. Không sử dụng máy tính, hãy tính: D = cos + cos + cos + cos ⋅
5 5 5 5

π π 2π π 4π π 6π π 8π π
Nhân thêm sin ⇒ D. sin = cos sin + cos sin + cos sin + cos sin
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
= ..............................................................................................................................................................
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π 2π 3π
9. Không sử dụng máy tính, hãy tính: D = cos − cos + cos ⋅
7 7 7

π π
Nhân thêm 2 sin ⇒ D ⋅ 2 sin = ...................................................................................................
7 7

Trang - 145 -
§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c
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π 3π 5π
10. Rút gọn D = 2 sin x (cos x + cos 3x + cos 5x ). Tính ℓ = cos + cos + cos ⋅
7 7 7

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1 − cos 2x π 3π 5π
11. Chứng minh: tan x = ⋅ Tính giá trị của ℓ = tan2 + tan2 + tan2 ⋅
sin 2x 12 12 12

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Nhóm 3. Chứng minh đẳng thức

1. Chứng minh rằng: 2. Chứng minh rằng:

sin x − sin 3x + sin 5x sin 2x + sin 4x + sin 6x
= tan 3x . = tan 4x .
cos x − cos 3x + cos 5x cos 2x + cos 4x + cos 6x

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3. Chứng minh rằng: 4. Chứng minh rằng:

Trang - 146 -
§¹i sè 10
cos x + cos 4x + cos 7x
= cot 4x .
sin x + sin 4x + sin 7x
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5. Chứng minh rằng:
sin 2x + 2 sin 3x + sin 4x sin 3x
= ⋅
cos 3x + 2 cos 4x + cos 5x cos 4x
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7. Chứng minh rằng:
cos7x − cos 8x − cos 9x + cos10x 17x
= cot ⋅ = tan x .
sin 7x − sin 8x − sin 9x + sin10x 2 1 + cos x + cos 2x
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Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c
sin 5x − sin x
= 2 sin x .
cos 4x + cos 2x
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6. Chứng minh rằng:
sin x + sin 3x + sin 5x + sin 7x
= tan 4x .
cos x + cos 3x + cos 5x + cos 7x
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8. Chứng minh rằng:
sin x + sin 2x
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Trang - 147 -
§¹i sè 10
9. Chứng minh rằng:
sin 2x − cos x
= cot x .
1 − sin x − cos 2x
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11. Chứng minh rằng:
sin 3x + sin x
(tan x + cot x ) = 4.
cos x
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13. Chứng minh rằng:
1 + cos x + cos 2x + cos 3x
= 2 cos x .
2 cos2 x + cos x − 1
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15. Chứng minh rằng:
Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c
10. Chứng minh rằng:
1 + sin 2x + cos 2x
tan x = 1.
1 + sin 2x − cos 2x
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12. Chứng minh rằng:
cos 3x + sin 2x − cos x
= −2 cos x .
2 − 2 cos2 x − sin x
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14. Chứng minh rằng:
2(sin 2x + 2 cos2 x − 1) 1
= ⋅
cos x − sin x − cos 3x + sin 3x sin x
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16. Chứng minh rằng:
Trang - 148 -
§¹i sè 10
sin2 4x
= 4 sin2 x cos x .
2 cos x + cos 3x + cos 5x
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17. Chứng minh rằng:
sin 2x
(tan x + cot x ) = 2 sin 2x .
tan x + cot 2x
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19. Chứng minh rằng:
sin 2x.sin x + cos 5x.cos 2x 1 1 + cos 2a + cos 4a + cos 6a
= ⋅
sin11x + sin 5x 4.sin 4x
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Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c
sin2 4x − sin2 2x
= −4 cos 3x cos x .
cos2 x − cos2 2x
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18. Chứng minh rằng:
cos 2x − sin 4x − cos 6x 2 sin 2x − 1
= ⋅
cos 2x + sin 4x − cos 6x 2 sin 2x + 1
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20. Chứng minh rằng:
= 2 cot2a.
sin 2a(1 + cos 2a − 2 sin2 2a )
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§¹i sè 10
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Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c
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21. Chứng minh rằng: 22. Chứng minh rằng:

8sin x cos x cos(30° + 2x)cos(30° − 2x) = sin6x. 2 sin 2x (cos x + cos 3x ) − sin 5x = sin 3x .

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1 1
23. Chứng minh: cos(2x + 60°) cos(2x − 60°) = cos 4x − ⋅
2 4

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§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c

π  π  3
24. Chứng minh: sin2 x + sin2  − x  + sin x sin  − x  = ⋅
 3   3  4

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25. Chứng minh: (sin x + cos x )2 − cos 4x = 4 sin 2x sin(x + 15°)cos(x − 15°).

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26. Chứng minh: sin a sin(b − c) + sin b sin(c − a ) + sin c sin(a − b) = 0.

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27. Chứng minh: cos2 x − 2 cos a cos x cos(a + x ) + cos2 (a + x ) = sin2 a.

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§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c

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7 1
28. Chứng minh: sin 8 x − cos8 x = cos 2x + cos 6x .
8 8

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Cho tam giác ABC có ba góc đều nhọn

A B C
1. Chứng minh: sin A + sin B + sin C = 4 cos cos cos ⋅
2 2 2

A+B A−B C C
VT = (sin A + sin B ) + sin C = 2 sin cos + 2 sin cos
2 2 2 2
C A−B C C
= 2 cos cos + 2 sin cos
2 2 2 2
C  A−B A + B 
= 2 cos cos + cos 
2 2 2 

A B C
= 4 cos cos cos = VP .
2 2 2

2. Chứng minh: sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C = 4 sin A sin B sin C .

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§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c

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A B C
3. Chứng minh: cos A + cos B + cosC = 1 + 4 sin sin sin ⋅
2 2 2

A+B A−B C
VT = (cos A + cos B ) + cosC = 2 cos cos + 1 − 2 sin2
2 2 2
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4. Chứng minh: cos 2A + cos 2B + cos 2C = −1 − 4 cos A cos B cos C .

VT = cos 2A + cos 2B + cos 2C = 2 cos(A + B )cos(A − B ) + 2 cos2 C − 1

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5. Chứng minh: sin2 A + sin2 B + sin2 C = 2 + 2 cos A cos B cos C .

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§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c

1 − cos 2A 1 − cos 2B
VT = sin2 A + sin2 B + sin2 C = + + 1 − cos2 C
2 2
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6. Chứng minh: cos2 A + cos2 B + cos2 C = 1 − 2 cos A cos B cos C .

1 + cos 2A 1 + cos 2B
VT = cos2 A + cos2 B + cos2 C = + + 2 cos2 C
2 2
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A B C A B C
7. Chứng minh: sin2 + sin2 + sin2 = 1 − 2 sin sin sin ⋅
2 2 2 2 2 2

A B C 1 − cos A 1 − cos B C
VT = sin2 + sin2 + sin2 = + + sin2
2 2 2 2 2 2
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§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c

A B C A B C
8. Chứng minh: cos2 + cos2 + cos2 = 2 + 2 sin sin sin ⋅
2 2 2 2 2 2

A B C 1 + cos A 1 + cos B C
VT = cos2 + cos2 + cos2 = + + cos2
2 2 2 2 2 2
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9. Chứng minh: tan nA + tan nB + tan nC = tan nA tan nB tan nC .

Ta có: A + B + C = π ⇔ nA + nB + nC = n π ⇔ nA + nB = n π − nC
⇒ tan(nA + nB ) = tan(n π − nC )
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10. Chứng minh: tan A + tan B + tan C = tan A tan B tan C .

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A B C A B C
11. Chứng minh: cot + cot + cot = cot cot cot ⋅
2 2 2 2 2 2

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§¹i sè 10 Ch−¬ng 5. C«ng thøc l−îng gi¸c

A B π C A B  π C 
Ta có: A + B = π − C ⇔ + = − ⇒ tan  +  = tan  − 
2 2 2 2 2 2   2 2 

A B
 A B  tan + tan
C 2 2 = cot C
⇔ tan  +  = cot ⇔
2 2  2 A B 2
1 − tan tan
2 2
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A B B C C A
12. Chứng minh: tan tan + tan tan + tan tan = 1.
2 2 2 2 2 2

A B π C A B  π C 
Ta có: + = − ⇒ tan  +  = tan  − 
2 2 2 2  2 2   2 2 
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