JEE-Physics

UNIT # 02 (PART – II)

WORK, POWER, ENERGY AND CONSERVATION LAWS

EXERCISE –I 3mv 2 1 2 3mv 2

  kx ; k 
8 2 4 x2
1. By applying work energy theoram change in kinetic
9. Total mass ; f  6m, f = 6mC (20) = P
energy = W g + W ext.P
To Drive 12m : f  14m  f = 14 mC
0 = mg( cos 37° –  cos 53°) + Wext P (14 mC) v = 6(mC) 20  8.57m/s
To drive 6 boggie : force  8m
3 4  force = 8m C  P = 8 m Cv
= 50 × 10 × 1    + Wext P
5 5  (8m C )v = 120m C  15 m/s
Wext = 100 joule
10. By applying work energy theoram
 
1
2. Work  F.dr , Work =–  (0.5)(5)Rd  F=mN mv 2–0 = Wg + Wfr
0 2
 [work] = (2.5) (R) (2) = –5 J for the second half work energy theorem change
in kinetic energy = Wg + Wfr
 0 = 100mg + W fr = –100 mg
3. W  f.d T As work done for the first half by the gravity is
Mg Mg g/2 100mg therefore work done by air resistance is
mg  T  ; T
2 2 less than 100 mg.
Mg
 Mg 
W   x
 2  dx
11. x = 3t – 4t2 + t3; v  = 3– 8t + 3t2
dt
4. For conservation force work done is independent
of the path dv
a = 0 – 8 + 6t
dt
WAB + WBC= WAC, 3+4 = WAC = 7 J
 4

W   F.dx   3(6 t  8)(3  8 t  3t 2 )dt

5. By applying work energy theorem 0

  v1 v mv 2 2 W= 528 mJ
KE  f.d  m     t 2   K.E.  t OR
 t1  2  t1  2t 12
From work energy theorem

Slope of v–t graph  Acceleration  –10m/s2 1 1 1

6. W = mv 22  mv 12   3  10 3 
Area under v–t graph  displacement  20 m 2 2 2

work = f.s = 2 (10) (20)  –400 J  3  8  4   3  4 2    3 2   528 mJ

7. By applying work energy theoram

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12. Power = constant, Fv = C

KE = work done by all the forces
1 mv 2 2 2C 2C
New kinetic energy = mv 2f  mvdv = Cdt  v  tv t
2 8 m m

v0 v dx 2C
 v = u – gt0    0 v   dx  tdt
m 
 vf  as
2 2gt 0 dt

2C t 3 / 2
8. By applying work energy theoram x  x  t3/2
m 2/3
1 v2 1 1
m – mv 2 =  kx 2 v2
2 4 2 2 13. ac = k2 rt2   k 2 rt 2
r

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Put the value of u2 in equation (i)

dv
 v2 = k2r2t2  v = krt  aT =  kr
dt m  5g 
T – mg =  T = 6 mg
  2 2

P =  ma T .v  m(kr).(krt)  mk r t
20. When the string is horizontal
14. P.E.  Maximum  Unstable equilibrium
mv 2
P.E.  Minimum  Stable equilibrium T ...(i) v
 T
P.E.  Constant  Natural equilibrium v2 = u2 – 2g
 None of these v2 = 5g –2g = 3g mg
m  3g  u
So T  3mg
15. P.E.  Maximum  Unstable equilibrium 
P.E.  Minimum  Stable equilibrium So net force
2
P.E.  Constant  Natural equilibrium = T 2   mg    3mg 2   mg 2  10 mg
dU 21. In case of rod the minimum velocity of particle is
Force =   –(slope)
dx zero at highest.
[ slope is –ve from E to F ] 22. As velocity is vector quantity
Force = +ve repulsion
v = v 12  v 22  2v 1 v 2 cos  [as  = 90°]
Force = –ve attraction
v = v 12  v 22
16. By applying work energy theoram By applying work energy theorem velocity at z
KE = Work done by all the forces 1 1
mv 22 – mu 2 = – mgL
0 = Wg + Wspring + Wext agent 2 2
–Wg = (Wspring + Wext agent
) v22 = u2 – 2gL  u= 2(u 2  gL )
U = (Wspring + Wext agent
) [U = Wg]
23. By applying work energy theorem  KE = Wg

17. U = mgh 0
height w.r.t. ground = ( – h), U = mg (–h)
(r–b)

18. By applying work energy theorem

1
K.E = WS + Wext agent mv2 = mg(r–b)  v  2g(r  b)
2
1 2 2F
0 = – Kx + Fx  x  mv 2
2 K 24. Net force towards centre equal =
r
2F 2 m x v2
Work done = mg cos  – N =
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K
r
19. At lowest point  
v  rg cos 
2
mu By applying work energy theoram
T  mg  ....(i)

u
1 2
at highest point T = 0 mrg cos  – 0 = mgr(1– cos ) = cos =
2 3

mv 2
mg  , v g  and v2 = u2 + 2as 25. P = P12  P22  2P1 P2 cos 

for cos  = maximum  P minimum  = 360°
2
 g   u 2  2  g   2  for cos  = minimum  P maximum  = 180°

g = u2 –4g
u2 = 5 g
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26. Tension at any point T = 3mgcos mv 2C

Given 3mg cos = 2mg N + = mg cos ...(ii)
r
2  2 3
 cos   = cos–1   at C, N = 0  cos =
3 3 4

EXERCISE –II  m     mg  3mg 

8. W man = U=U f–U i=   g   – = –
2 4 2 8
1. For body B : mg – T = m(2a)
2E 1 2
g 9. At x =  ; Etotal = kx = U  KE = 0
For body A : 2T – mg = ma   a= k 2
5
aB = 2aA and aA = a 10. Equation of motion :
 Velocity of B after travelling distance  mA gsin 37° – T = mAaA and 2T– mBg = mBaB
4 g g g
  2as  aA = 2aB = 2 × =
5 12 6
vB g g g
 Velocity of A : vA =   v A  2a A .s A  2  1 
2 5 6 3
2. COME  K1 + U1 = K2 + U2
vA g
1 1  vB  
 0 + k x2 + k x2 2 2 3
2 1 2 2
2 2
11. COME : KB + UB = K A + UA
1 1  x 1  x
= mv 2 + k   + k   1 1
2 2 1  2 2 2  2 0 + k (13–7)2 = mv A2 + 0
2 2
1 1 1
 (k1 + k2)x2 = mv2 + (k + k2)x2 mv 2A k  6 2
2 2 8 1 N A=  =1440 N
R 5
3 k1  k 2  x
2

v = 1
4 m 12. Wf=KE    .mg  dr  0  mv 2  v = 2gA
r
2
3. Work done against friction = mgh = loss in P.E. 13. Conservation of mechanical energy explains the
 Work done by ext. agent K.E. at A & B are equal.
=W f + PE
Acceleration for A = gsin1
= mgh + mgh = 2mgh
Acceleration for B = gsin2
4. COME  K1 + U1 = K2 + U2 sin1 > sin2  a1 > a2
1 Fext and displacements are in opposite directions.
0 + mg (1–cos60°) = mv2 + 0  v = g
2
14. COME : KA + UA = K B + UB
5. COME : K1 + U1 = K2 + U2
1
1 0 + mg × 25 = mv 2A  mg  15  mv 2A = 20mg
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0 + mg (4R) = mv2 + mg (2R)  mv2 = 4mgR 2

2
Forces at position 2 : mv 2A
Forces at B : N = mg – =0 R = 20 m
R
mv 2
N= –mg = 4mg – mg = 3 mg 15. Area of graph
R
6. Fext = m2g – m1g     Pinst= fext.v = (m2–m1)gv  vdv 
=  P.dx   mv.a.dx   mv.   dx
dx 
7. COME : KB + UB = KC + UC
m  v 3  u 3  10.  v 3  1
v
2
1 1 =  mv dv  
mv 20 + mgr = mv 2C + mg rcos...(i) u
3 73
2 2
Force equation at C 1
= (4+2) × 10  v = 4 m/s
2
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25. Conservative forces depends on the end points not

16. Power = QgH = Av.gH=A 2gH .gH
on the path. Hence work done by it in a closed
loop is zero.
3 d 2
= 10   2  10  40  10  40 ( d= 5 cm) 2
4 26. For equilibrium, F=0  x(3x–2)=0x=0  x=
= 21.5 kW 3

1 27. v2 = v02 +2 (–g)L

17. For upward motion : mgh + fh = m × 162
2
For v =0, v 0  2 gL
1
downward motion : mgh – fh = m× 82 h = 8m
2 28. For velocity to maximum acceleration must be zero.
   mg – kx = ma = 0
W F.S  3ˆi  4 ˆj    8 ˆi  6 ˆj 
18. P    8W mg 1  10
t t 6  x = = = 5cm
k 0.2
 Height from table = 15 cm
19. For equilibrium : Ncos =mg & Nsin = kx 2

 kx = mgtan (N = normal between m & M) 29. W N=KE= 12 mv 2= 12 m(at) 2 = 12 × 1× 10 3  =150 J

1 2 m 2 g 2 tan 2  30. Sum of KE and PE remains constant.

U  kx 
2 2k

1 31. 0  1
2
kx 2    mgx   0  12 mv 2  v=8 m/s
20. Wg + WF = KE  – mgh – f.d = 0– mv2
2
32. K.E. = work done by all the forces
1 
– mg 1.1 –  mg d = – mv2 (= 0.6)  d=1.17 m K.E. = m a.s
2 When acceleration is constant
1 2
21. For motion P  0  KO + UO = KP + UP K.E.  t2 [as s = at ]
2
For motion Q  0  K'O + U'O = KQ + UQ 
33. F  3i  4j is a conservative force ie therefore
 KO = UP; K'O = U2 = 2UP = 2KO
W1 = W 2
2  2h / sin  
 tQ  O =  t1 34. To break off reaction becomes O,
g sin 
mv 2 v2
2  h / sin   i.e. mg cos =  cos  = ....(1)
 tP  O =  t 2  2 t1 R Rg
g sin 
2
A mv
N R
ds a 2 t2 Rcos mgc
os P
22. v a s  s= 
R
dt 4 mg
O
1 1 1 a t 2 2
 4 2
ma t
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W= m v 2  0  m  a 2 s = ma 2 =
2 2 2 4 8
But from energy considerations

2Mg 1
23. Maximum elongation in spring = mgR [1– cos ] = mv2
K 2
Condition block 'm' to move is  v2 =2gR (1– cos ) using it in (1)
cos = 2(1– cos )
3
Kx  mg sin37° + mg cos 37°  M = 2
5  cos  = 2 – 2 cos  cos  =
3
24. COME : K1+ U1 = K2 + U2 4 5
So sin = 1 
1 9 3
mv 20  0  0  mg  1  cos 60    v0 = 7 m/s 5
2 Now tangential acceleration g sin = g
3
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35. Given v=gr

2 EXERCISE –III
mv /R
R=0 Match the column
E 1. Wg = force × (displacement in the direction of force)
mg
C 1
mg mg Wg = [10 × × 2 × 16] = –160 joule
r 2
R=W R=W
  1 
mg A mg wN = N.s = m(g+a) cos   2  16  cos 
2
N S
3 3 
90-a fr
2
R=mg+mv /r=2mg=2W
= (12)  (16) \\
2 2 \\
\\

sin
\\
2 r = 12 × 12 = 144 J mg
\\
36. In this case T = [for 1 resolution] 
\
u Wfr = fr .s mgcos
mg
1 2 2h = m(g+a)sin (16) cos (90 – )
Also h = gt  t =
2 g 1
= (12) × 16 ×  48 joule
4
2h 2 r u 2h Wnet = Wg + WN + Wfr  32 joule
But t = nT  = n  n=
g u 2 r g
du
2. fconservative = –  30 Ni
1 dx
37. Given mv2 = as2....(i) change in kinetic energy =2
2
[Area under (a–x) graph]
v2 2as 2 as mass is 1 kg   [80 + 40] = 120,
So ar = = ....(ii) 1
R mR KE initial = Mv 2= 8 J
2
dv dv ds dv (A) KEf = 128 J
Also at =  . v  
dt ds dt ds (B) Wcan= f  d  30 × 8  240 J
2a (C) WNet = KE  120 J
But from equation (1) v = s (D) Wcons + Wext = 120; Wext = –120 J
m
3. By applying conservation of momentum wedge will
2a  2a  2as
put it above at = s m  m   m ....(iii) mv x
  acquire some velocity =  where vx is velocity
M m
2
of block w.r.t wedge in negative x-direction.
2
 2as 2   2as 
So that a = a 2r  a 2t      m  (A) Work done by normal on block is
 mR  2
1  mv x 
= –
M 
2as
2 2 M  m
 s
i.e. a  1  (B) Work done by normal on wedge is
m R
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2
1  mv x 
2 M= is positive.
 s 2  M  m 
So force F = ma = 2as 1   
R (C) Net work done by normal is = 0
1
38. Tension w i ll be mg cos  at extreme s but it (D) less than mgh as K.E. is < m2gh,
2
KEf > KE is positive.
mv 2
becomes mg cos  + .
 4. For v  5g  , the bob will complete a vertical
In the given situation by making diagram, we can circular path.

Mv 2 For 2g <v< 5g , the bob will execute

shown that T – Mg cos = and tangential projectile motion.
L
acceleration = g sin For v < 2g , the bob oscillates.

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Comprehension#1 Comprehension#3
  1 2
1. W = f.ds W = – mg  a 0 t  1. By applying work energy theoram
2
1
2. For the motion of the block in vertical Mv 2–0 = W g
mg – N = ma0, N = m(g–a0) 2
1
Na 0 t 2 m(g  a 0 )a 0 t 2 Mv2 = mg  v  2g 
WN =    2
2 2

3. For observer A pseudo force on the particle is zero 2. 2g   5g(   x)

W = 0
3
  1 ma 2 t 2 2g = 5g(–x) 5x=3  x 
5
4. W = fnet .ds  W = ma at2 
2 2
3. Net force towards the centre will provide the
5. For observer A the block appears to be stationary required contripetal force
 Displacement is zero hence w =0
mv 2
kx – mg =
Comprehension#2 R
Mv 2 m2g
1. N – Kx cos30° – mg cos 60° = kx – mg=
R  kx
As velocity of Ring = 0
3mg mg
N = kx cos 30° + mg cos 60°  kx = 3mg  x =
k

60 Comprehension#4
N
30° 1. Particle will have some translatory kinetic energy
kn cos30°
60° as well as rotatory energy the whole of the K.E. is
30° converted into potential energy h < 6
mgcos60° 30°
kn mg 2. By applying conservation of mehanical energy
1
(2  3 )mg  3  mg 3  mu2 = mg(h)  u2 = 80
 (2  3 )R  2
 2
3R  2 
1
 mu2sin2 30 = mgh  h = 1m
mg mg 2
   mg Total height = 2 + 1 = 3m
2 2

2. f net = (kcos 60°) x + mg cos 30° Comprehension#5

1. From the F.B.D. of the blocks :
(2  3 )mg 1 mg 3
 (2  3 )R  upper block is –ve and lower block is +ve as
3R 2 2
1kg 6m/s
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mg  1  2mg
  3  fr
2  3  3 fr
2
2g
arev = 2a cos 60 = a = horizontal vupper = decreases, vlower= Increases
3
2. By applying conservation of momentum
3. By applying work - energy theoram 1 × 6 + 2 × 3 = 3(v) v = 4m/s
By applying work energy theoram
1 1 1 1 (2  3 )mg
mv 2 – 0= kx 2; mv 2= (2  3 ) 2 R 2 1 1
2 2 2 2 3g – (1) (36) + (1)(16) = wfr
2 2
 –18 + 8 = Wfr  Wfr = –10 J
1 1 mg gR(2  3 )
mv2 = (2  3 )R  v  and Work done on the lower block +10j
2 2 3 3 Wnet = 0
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Comprehension # 6 3. Maximum power = F max × V

A B du 2A B Maximum force applied by camel is during the
1. u= 2
   3  2
r r dr r r accelerated motion.
du 2A B 2A We have V 2 – U 2 = 2as, 25 =0 2 + 2·a·50
f  3  2 ,F=0 r
dr r r B a = 0.25 m/s 2
a
2. As potential is minimum at r=r0 the equilibrium is for accelerated motion
Fc
stable.  F c – f = ma
f
3. Given that  F c = mg + ma
A B 2A AB 2 BB  B 2 = 0.1 × 1000 × 10 + 1000 × 2.5
U =  as r = ; U   
r2 r B i
4 A 2 2A 4A = 1000 + 250 = 1250 N
B 2 This is the critical point just before the point where
Uf=0W =Uf – Ui  it attains maximum velocity of almost 5m/s .
4A
A B 3B 2 Hence maximum power at this point is
4. K.E. + P.E. =T.E, 0 +  
r2 r 16 A = 1250 × 5 = 6250 J/s.
2r0
By solving the above equation r = 4. We have W = PT,P = 18 × 10 3 V + 10 4 J/s
3
 P 5 = 18 × 10 3 × 5 + 10 4 J/s and
Comprehension#7
2000m
1. (A) W CL + W f = KE     W CL=KE – W f T 5 = =400s
5m/s
(a) During acceleration motion negative work is done
against friction and there is also change is kinetic P 10 =18 × 10 3 × 10 4 J/s
energy. Hence net work needed is positive. 2000m
(b) During uniform motion work is done against and T 10 = = 200s
10 m / s
friction only and that is positive.
(c) During retarded motion, the load has to be W5 10 4 (9  1)  400
stopped in exactly 50 metres. If only friction W 
10 10 4 (18  1)  200
is considered then the load stops in 12.5 metres
which is less than where it has to stop.
Hence the camel has to apply some force so 5. The time of travel in accelerated motion = time
that the load stops in 50 m (>12.5 m). Therefore of travel in retarded motion.
the work done in this case is also positive. D C B A

2. W CL | accelerated motion =KE – W friction 50 m 2000 m 50 m

where W CL is work done by camel on load. V 5
T A B = T CD =  = 20 sec
1  a 0.25
=  mv 2  0  – [–kmg.50]
 2  2000
Now time for uniform motion =T ac= =400 s
5
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1
= × 1000 × 5 2 +0.1 × 10 × 1000 × 50
2 440
 Total energy consumed =  Pdt
125 
=1000  0

 2 
similarly, W CL |retardation = KE – W friction 20 420
  [18.10 3 V  10 4 ] dt   [18.10 3 .5  10 4 ] dt
 1 2  75  0 20
0  2 mv  – [– k mg.50] = 1000  2 
   
440
WCL | accelerated motion 125 5   [18.10 3 V  10 4 ] dt
 W | retarded motion =   5 : 3 420
CL 75 3

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From energy considerations

20 20 420
3 4
  [18.10 V dt   10 dt  10 5 t  1
 20 mg R cos  = mv2  v2 = 2g R cos 
0 0 2
putting this value in equation (i)
440 440
3 4 we get T = 3mg cos 
  18.10 Vdt   10 dt
420 420 Also acceleration aTotal = a 2r  a 2t
Putting Vdt = dx and changing limits appropriately
it becomes 2
 v2  2
60
     g sin    2g cos 2   g sin 2
20 R
3
 18.10 dx  10 4 t   10 5 [420  20]
 0
0
= g 4 cos 2   sin 2 
2100 440
  18.10 3 dx  10 4   aTotal = g
1  3 cos2 
  420
2050
Now virtual component of sphere's velocity
= 18.10 3 .50 + 10 4 [20]
+ 10 5 ·400 +18.10 3 [50]+10 4 [20] Joules

= 90 × 10 4 + 20 × 10 4 + 400 × 10 5
+ 90 × 10 4 + 20 × 10 4 J = 4.22 × 10 7 J vy=vsin = 2gR cos  sin  v
vsin
Comprehension#8
Applying maxima-minima
1. By applying work energy theoram change in kinetic dv y    sin   sin  
 2gR   cos  cos  
1 d  2 cos  
energy = wS  0 – mv2 = Ws
2
2. As the kinetic energy of block is decreasing,   sin 2  
= 2gR   cos  cos  
1  2 cos  
therefore work done by the normal is = – mv2
2
sin 2 
  cos 2   tan2 = 2
1 2
3. Wnet = – mv 2
2
  = tan–1 2  tan   2
5. Wnet = 0 as for the B change in velocity is zero.
6. As there is no change in kinetic energy stored is 2 1
due to So sin   and cos  
3 3

Comprehension#9 Thus tension T = 3 mg cos

1. Conservation of mechanical energy can only be 1

= 3mg × = 3 mg
3
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applicable in absence of non conservative forces

Comprehension # 10 Comprehension 11
2 Using work energy theorom
mv
Balancing the forces T =  mg cos  ....(i)
R m  2g 1
 R sin   mgR 1  cos    mv 2 ..(i)
9 2
O R
m
2mg mv 2
 Also mg cos   sin  
Rcos T 9 R
N 2 2g
 mv v2 = gRcos – R sin  ...(ii)
mgsin mg +mgcos 9
R

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From equation (i) & (ii)

EXERCISE –IV(A)
2mg m 2g 
R sin   mgR 1  cos    gR cos   R sin 
9 2 9 
A Mgcos
 4sin + 18 (1–cos) = 9cos–2sin 1.
Mgsin
 6sin + 18–18cos = 9 cos
 6 sin – 27cos + 18 = 0
 2sin – 9 cos + 6 = 0
C
m B

m2g 90
9 W M g =Mgsin × AC = Mg × AB
v  
Wf = Mgcos × AC × cos 180°
mg = –Mg × (BC)
4R
3
D

 G
Now let sin = x so cos = 1  x2

Than 2x – 9 1  x 2 +6 = 0 B
F
E
3 4
Solving x = = sin so cos = ;  = 37° WMg = Mg(sin × DG + sin  × GF) = Mg × DE
5 5
Now putting =37° Wf = – Mg (DG cos  + GF cos) = – Mg(EF)
=– Mg × BC ( BC = EF)
4R 4
in  = h+ Rcos = R  From WET, KE will be same in both cases.
3 5
 vC = vF
20R  12R 32R
= 
15 15 2. Heat generated = work done against friction
 (mg) (vt)= (0.2 × 2 × 10) × 2 × 5= 40 J
2g
From equation (ii) v2 = gRcos Rsin 40
9 = cal = 9.52 cal
4.2
4 2g 3
v2 = gR × – R 3. Blocks are moving with constant speed.
5 9 5
T=Kx
 4 2  10gR 2gR
= gR    = 15  3 B T A
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 5 15 
f
mAg
1 2 32R 2gR 1 2  mAg = T = kx = f = mBg
Now using S = ut + gt ; = t + gt
2 15 3 2
mA 2 2  9.8
 m B= = =10 kg and x =
 0.2 1960
2R
t can be obtained t =
g 1
 Energy stored in spring = kx2
2
2
1  19.6 
= × 1960 ×   = 0.098 J
2 1960 

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9. Let extension in spring be x 0 due to m 1

4. Work done by force =  Fdx
1
then m 1 gx 0 = kx 2  kx 0 = 2m 1 g
1/2
  1/2 2 0
W =   sin  xdx =   cos x
0  0 m
but kx 0  mg so 2m 1g  mg  m 1 
 2
= – cos + cos 0 = 1J
2 m
Work done by external agent = – 1 J therefore minimum value of m 1 =
2
5. COME : K1 +U1 = K2 + U2
10.  = 3 (t + sint);  = 3 +3 cost;  = –3 sin t
3mgr 1 1
= mv2 + kr2 ...(i)
2 2 2  
F =  m 2 R 2   m R 2  t  2  = 9 10N
mv 2
Force equation kr = mg +
r
mv 2
2mg 11. COME : = mgh
Solving we get, k = = 500 N/m 2
r
If resultant acceleration, a, makes angle  with
thread, then asin = gsin
v2
6. an = bt2 =  v = bR t  at = bR
R v2 2gh
acos = =
 P = FV = mbRt  
t
 sin    sin  
 Pdt
0 mbR  t 2 / 2  mbRt  tan =   = tan–1  
< P > = t = = 2h 2h 
 dt
0
t 2

7. As C falls down, A & B move up. 12. COME : K1 +U1 = K2 + U2

COME : K1 + U1 = K2 + U2 A C

60°
N
B

x 60°
mv2
mg
R

C
1 2 mgR
0 + MgR = mv +  v = gR
A B 2 2

4a mv 2 15 3
0 + mgx = 0 + 2mg  
a2  x2  a  x = 3 Forces at B  N = mgcos 60° +
R
=
2

F x  xI mv 2 mv 2
2
2 mv /R

GH 2 JK 13. T max = mg+ , T min = – mg

2
x R R
8. Potential energy U =1 × = – x
2
node6\E : \Data\2014\Kota\JEE-Advanced\SMP\Phy\Solution\Unit 1 & 2\04 Work Power Energy.p65

T
For minimum U, mv 2 mg
mg 
Tmax R 5

dU 2x d2U Tmin mv 2
3 (R=2m) T
= – 1 = 0 and = 1 = positive  mg
dx 2 dx 2 R
mg
1 v=4 5 m/s 2
mv /R
so at x = 1, U is minimum. Hence Umin = –J
2
14. Here the bob has velocity greater than 2g and
Total mechanical energy = Max KE + Min PE
1  1 5 smaller than 5g . Hence the thread will slack
 Max KE = mv 2 max = 2 –    =
2 2 2 after completing semicircle.

2 5
 v max =  = 5 ms –1
1 2
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mv 2
v Force equation : N + = mgcos...(ii)
mv /R
2
r
90-
 B
19
T  h = rcos = r
27
 mg
O   
(c) a net  a r  a t   g sin 2   g cos   g

EXERCISE –IV(B)

A 3g 1. a : Natural length

a : Initial elongation
COME : K1 + U1 = K2 + U2 2a : additional elongation
1 1 1 9a
m  3g  + 0 = mv 2  mg     sin   ...(i) COME : k(3a)2 = mgx  x =
2 2 2 2
Force equation at B : (above point of suspension)
mv 2
T + mg sin = ...(ii)
R 2. WET : WN + WMg + Wf + Wsp = KE
1 1 2 1
Solving for T=0, we get sin =  vB = g  sin  0 + 0 – k.mg (2.14 +x) + 0 – kx = 0 – mv2
3 2 2
 The particle will execute projectile motion after  x = 0.1 m
tension become zero. At x = 1m, Fspring = kx = 2 × 0.1 = 0.2 N
g 1 1
 vmin = vsin =  FS.F. = S.mg = 0.22 × × 10 = 1.1 N
3 3 2
Hence the block stops after compressing the spring.
15. COME : KA + UA = KB + UB  Total distance travelled by block when it stops
1 2 1 = 2 + 2.14 + 0.1 = 4.24 m
0 + mg(2R) + kR = mv2 + 0 + 0( k = mg/R)
2 2

mv 2 dU d  2r 3 
 = 5 mg  Force equation at B 3. Conservative force, F = – =– = – 6r2
R dr dr
This force supplies the necessary centripetal
mv 2 acceleration.
 TB = mg + = 6mg
R
mv 2 1
= 6r2  mv2 = 3r3
r 2
E = K + U = 5r3 = 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 = 625 J
16. For speed u0, contact at top is lost.
mu 20
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 N + =mg  (N=0) u0 = 4. For part AB : (R=4a)

gr
r
 v0    a 
  t1   t1 = 4  2v 
r 4a 2  0
(a) For vertical motion; t =
g  a 
 Horizontal distance For part BC : (R=3a)  t2 =3  2v 
 0
2r  a 
s = 2u 0.t =2 gr × = 22r For part CD : (R=2a) : t3 =2  2v 
g  0
(b) COME :
 a 
2 For part DA : (R=a) =: t4 =  2v 
1 m u0  1  0
 mgr  mv 2  mgr cos  ...(i)
2 3 2

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5 a 1 1 2
= 0 + mg  5  1  + Mu  m  u cos  
2
 t = t1 + t2 + t3 + t4 = v0 2 2
5. At position B;  u = 3029 m/s
mg = Tcos= k..cos

2mg  a  8. Initial elongation in each spring

=  a  a  cos 
a  sin  
Mg Mg
=   20cm
1  kx  kx 0
= 2mgcot  cot= 2 0 
2  2 

a Total initial length of each spring

(a) OB = acot = = 50 + 20 = 70 cm
2
(b) COME : KC + UC = KO + UO
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
1  2mg  2 1 1
0 + mga +
2
× 
a 
  2a  = mv2 +
2 2
ka2

(i)  v = 2 ga
(ii) KC + UC = KP + UP
[ P is the point of greatest depth]

1  2mg  2
 mga + 
2 a 
  2a  Equilibrium position = 2 kx = mg
100
x  10 cm
1  2mg  2 2  500
= – mgx +   (a + x2)  x = 2 a
2  a  and due to inertia it goes
10 cm also up = 20 m
6. COME : Ki + Ui = Kf + Uf

a
9.
ucos B 10
m A 6
x   u v 
8

For constant length of string =v = u cos

h=
x
a
COME :
M sin
1 1 10
mg × 5 = mv2 + mu2  u =
2 2 1.64
 0 + mgx = 0 + Mg  a2  x2  a  40
 v = ucos = m/s
2mM 41
 x 2 a
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M  m2
1 1
7. COME : Ki + Ui = Kf + Uf 10. COME : mu2 = mv2 + mgL ( 1+ sin)....(i)
2 2

1m M 1m mv 2 mv2
R

For equationT + mgsin = ...(ii) v
L
mg
T=0
M=2kg L
m=½kg Since the particle crosses the 
u  cos = 2/ 5 8
m line at its half of its range
ucos
v 2 sin .cos  L
 0 + Mg × R1   L cos   ...(iii) u
g 8

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1 EXERCISE –V(A)
 cos      60 
2
N
1. Spring constant (k)= 800
 3 3 m
From equation (i)  u = gL  2  
 2  Work done in extending a spring from
1 1
11. WET : WSP + Wmg + WN + Wf = KE X 1 to X 2 = U f–U i = kX 2  kX 2
2 2 2 1
2
 1  h    h  1 1
 0  k      mg sin   0 W  k  X 2  X 12   × 800 [0.15) 2 –(0.05) 2 ]
 2 sin    sin   2  2 2

1  15  2  5  2  400
mgh cot   mv 2  400     100   = [225–25]
2  100
  10000

2  1  h 
2
 400  200
v= mgh  k    mgh cot   = =8J
m 2 sin   10000

2. k = 5 × 10 3 N/m
12. WET  Wmg + WN + WT + Wf = KE 1
W k  x 2  x 12 
N 2  2
T T
f 1 2
W   5  10 3  10  10 2  5  10 2
    
 2  
mg
mgcos 
1
W  5  10 3  10 4 100  25 
2
/2

– mgR+0+W T +   mg sin .Rd cos180°= 0

0 
75  5  10 1 75
  18.75 N-m
2 4
 WT = mgR 1    3. Power = FV = constant i.e., mav = k

 dv 
 av=k 1    v  k 1  vdv  k 1 dt
 dt 
1 2    =/2
13. t = ( = )  t = 2 sec
2 2 4 On integrating both sides, we get

2R v2
 Average velocity = = 1 m/s   k 1 t  v 2  2k 1 t  v  2k 1 t 1 / 2
t 2

 k 
 ds  k 2 t1/2 dt  s   2  t 3 / 2  s  t 3/2
14. The string can break at the lowest point  3 / 2
node6\E : \Data\2014\Kota\JEE-Advanced\SMP\Phy\Solution\Unit 1 & 2\04 Work Power Energy.p65

V0
mv 2H 4. Here F  x, by using work energy theorem

z z
 Tmax = mg +
R
KE = F dx  KE  x dx  KE  x 2
2
0.5  v
 45 = 5 +
0.5 VH v1
5. Given that acceleration a = t ...(i)
COME: v 2H  v 20  2gR 1

Power = Fv P=(ma)v
1
v 20  40  2  10  =30 P=(ma 2 t) [v=at]
2
 mv 2   v 
v 20 30 3 P   2 1  t on replacing a= 1 
 Hmax = = = = 1.5 m  t1   t1 
2g 2  10 2

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 x 4 x2 
6. Work done in pulling the hanging part of the chain 10. V x    
 4 2
mg 
upon the table= For minimum value of V,
2
dV 4 x 3 2x
0    0  x = 0, x = ±1
dx 4 4

0.6 m=l
1 1 1
So, V min (x=±1) =  = J
4 2 4
Now, K ma x + V min = Total mechanical energy

where m = mass of the hanging part 1 9

 K max     2 or K max =
 4 4
l = hanging part of chain

4  10   0.6  mv 2 9 3
W    0.6    3.6 J or  or v  ms–1
3  2 2 4 2
7. According to work-energy theorem,
W=K 11. Applying work-energy theorem,
2
1  v0  1
Case I :  F  3  m    mv 20
2  2  2
where F is resistive force and v 0 is initial speed. 45° l
Case II : Let, the further distance travelled by the
bullet before coming to rest is s. B

1 A F
  F  3  s   K f  K i   mv 20
2

1 1 Mg
  mv 20  3  s    mv 20
8 2
Work done by F from A to B
1 3 s
or (3+s)=1 or  =1 ors = 1 cm = Work done by Mg from A to B
4 4 4
 F( sin45°)=Mg [1–cos45°]
8. Momentum would be maximum when KE would be  F=Mg(2–1)
maximum and this is the case when total elastic PE
is converted into KE.
According to conseration of energy Fk 15
12. a   7.5 m/s 2 .
m 2
1 2 1
kL  Mv 2
2 2 1 2 1
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Now, ma  kx  2  7.5   10000  x 2

2 2
 Mv 2
 kL2  or MkL 2 = p 2 ( p = Mv) or x 2 = 3 × 10 –3 or x = 0.055 m or x = 5.5 cm
M

 p  L Mk 13. Question is somewhat based on approximations. Let

9. Applying work-energy theorem at the lowest and mass of athlete is 65 kg.
highest point, we get Approx velocity from the given data is 10 m/s
W C + W NC + W ext = K
65  100
W C + 0 + 0 = K f –K i So, KE =  3250 J
2
1 So, option (d) is the most probable answer.
W C(Gravity) = 0 – × 0.1 × 25
2
W Gravity = –1.25 J
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14. U =
a

b EXERCISE –V(B)
x 12 x 6

dU a 6b  2a 
/ 6 dm d
F = –  12 13 – 7  0  x=   1. Force = v  = v × (volume × density)
dx x x  b  dt dt
U(x = ) = 0 d dx
= v  Ax   = v  A   A v 2
a b 2
b dt dt
U equilibrium = 2
 
 2a   2a  4a  Power = Force × velocity
   
b b = (Av2) (v) = Av  Power  v 3

 b2  b2
 U(x = ) – U equilibrium  0      dU
4a 4a 2. F=–  dU = – Fdx
dx
1 x
15. m2  t 2 4
2  dU     kx  ax 3 dx or U  x   kx  ax
 
0 2 4
1
d 
2 Let potential energy U(x) = 0
 t   t
dt
x2  ax 2 
1 1 0= 2  k 
F = ma  t

2    2 
t

k1 x 2 2k
x has two roots viz x = 0 and x = .
16. Given same force F = k 1x 1 = k 2x 2  k  x a
2 1

ax 2
1 1 If k < , P.E. will be – ve or
W1 = k 1 x 12 & W 2 = k x2 2
2 2 2 2
2k
1 when x > , P.E. will be negative.
W1 k x2 a
2 1 1 1
As W2 > 1 so 1  F = – kx + ax3  At x =0, F=0,
k x2
2 2 2 Slope of U–x graph is zero at x=0.

F x1 k2 2k
Thus P.E. is zero at x=0 and at x=
 Fx 2 > 1  k1 > 1 a
Slope of U–x graph, at x=0, is zero.
 k 2 > k 1 statement 2 is true
3. Mechanical energy is conserved in the process.
OR Let x=Maximum extension of the spring. node6\E : \Data\2014\Kota\JEE-Advanced\SMP\Phy\Solution\Unit 1 & 2\04 Work Power Energy.p65

if x 1 = x 2 = x 1 2
 Increase in elastic potential energy = kx
1 2
W1 K1 x2 K Loss of gravitational potential energy = Mgx
 2  1
W2 1 2 K2 1 2 2Mg
K x
2 2  Mgx = kx or x =
2 k

W1 K 1
 W K < 1 4. The gravitational field is a conservativefield. In a
2 2
conservative field, the workdone W does not
 W1 < W2 depend on the path (from A to B). It depends on
statement 1 is false initial and final points.
 W1= W 2 =W 3

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5. For conservative forces, 9. It is a case of uniform circular motion.

Velocity and acceleration keep on changing their
x x
kx 2 directions. Their magnitudes remain constants.
U =–  Fdx    kx dx or U(x)–U(0) =– Kinetic energy remains constant.
0 0 2
11. (i) For circular motion of the ball, the centripetal
But U(0) = 0, as given in the question,
force is provided by (mg cos–N)
 kx 2 2U  x  mv 2
 U(x) = or x2 =  mg cos–N = ...(i)
2 k  d
 R  2 
It represents a parabola, below x–axis, symmetrical
about U–axis, passing through origin. d

By geometry, h =  R   (1–cos)
2
6. Energy conservation gives
By conservation of energy,
v2= u 2–2g(L–L cos)
5gL Kinetic energy= potential energy
L 
5gL
or =5gL–2gL (1–cos) 1  d
4 5gL mv 2  mg  R   1  cos   or
2  2
or 5=20–8 + 8 cos or cos
 d
7 3 v 2  2  R   1  cos   g ...(ii)
= –    2
8 4
From (i) & (ii), we get total normal reaction force N.
N = mg(3cos–2) ...(iii)
7. Tsin=m2 (Lsin)  T = m2L (ii) To find NA and NB
NA
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
For graphs : h

 From (iii), at A,  v
NA = mg (3cos–2) ...(iv) B A R
Tcos T O
(i) If NA =0, mg
i.e. At A, N =0,
Tsin 0 = mg (3cos–2)
mg 2
or 3 cos  =2 or cos  =
3
When NA becomes zero, the ball will lose contact
Tmax 324 with inner sphere A. After this, it makes contact
 max    36 rad/s
mL 0.5  0.5 with outer sphere B. When  – 0, NA= mg
The NA versus cos  graph is a straight line as shown
in the figure.
8. According to problem particle is to land on disc.
NA
mg
node6\E : \Data\2014\Kota\JEE-Advanced\SMP\Phy\Solution\Unit 1 & 2\04 Work Power Energy.p65

2/3 cos
t n (ii) To find NB :
Rsin t
2
Consider : cos >
3
R t
The ball makes contact with B.
If we consider a time 't' then x component of
displacement is Rt mv 2
NB– (–mgcos) = or NB + mg cos
Rsint < Rt d
R
Thus particle P lands in unshaded region. 2
For Q, x-component is very small and y-component mv 2
equal to P it will also land in unshaded region. = ...(v)
R  d / 2
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14. A particle of mass 0.2 kg is moving in one dimension

under a force that delivers a constant power 0.5
W to the particle. If the initial speed (in ms –1) of
the particle is zero, the speed (in ms –1) after 5 s
Sphere B
N is. [IIT-JE E 2 0 13 ]

 v Ans. (5)
d mg
 dv 
R
A P = Fv   mv   0.5
he
re dt
Sp
v 5
1  v2  1
 mvdv   2 dt  0.2   2   2 5 
0 0
By energy conservation,
2
 v = 25  v = 5 m/s
1  d  d 
mv 2  mg  R     R   cos  
2  2  2  15. The work done on a particle of mass m by a force
 x y ˆj 
mv 2 K 3 /2
ˆi 
3 /2 
or = 2mg (1–cos) ...(vi)
R
d 2
 x  y
2
 x 2
y 2
 
2 (K being a constant of appropriate dimensions),
From (iv) and (v) when the particle is taken from the point (a, 0)
NB + mgcos = 2mg–2mgcos to the point (0, a) along a circular path of radius
NB = mg(2–3cos) ...(vii) a about the origin in the x-y plane is :-
[ IIT-J E E 2 0 13 ]
2
When cos  = , NB= 0
3 2K  K
(A) (B)
When cos  = –1, NB = 5 mg. a a
Thus the NB – cos  graph is as shown in the figure.
K
NB (C) (D) 0
2a
5 mg Ans. ( D )
mg Particle is moving in x-y plane so
 
–1 2/3 cos  ˆ ˆ  F  k
 x ˆ y ˆ k  ˆ ˆ kr
i  j  xi  yj 
r  xi  yj  r 3  
r 3  r 3 r3
12. m1 g – T = m 1 a ...(i) Force is central (i.e. conservative) so work done
T–m 2 g = m 2 a ...(ii) by this force in closed loop = 0
(m1 = 0.72kg; m2 = 0.36 kg) Paragraph for Questions 16 and 17
A small block of mass 1 kg is released from rest
10
From (i) and (ii) a = m/s2 at the top of a rough track. The track is a circular
3 arc of radius 40 m. The block slides along the track
1 10 5 T T without toppling and a frictional force acts on it
d = × × 12 = m in the direction opposite to the instantaneous
2 3 3
a m2 m1 a velocity. The work done in overcoming the friction
10 10 up to the point Q, as shown in the figure below,
node6\E : \Data\2014\Kota\JEE-Advanced\SMP\Phy\Solution\Unit 1 & 2\04 Work Power Energy.p65

v= 0 + × 1= m/s
3 3 is 150 J. (Take the acceleration due to gravity,
g = 10 m s –2 ) [ IIT-J E E 2 0 13 ]
5 1 100
WT = 0.36 × 10 × + × 0.36 ×
3 2 9 y
WT = 8 J R P
13. By using work energy theorem (W = KE) 30°
1 2 1
mgx  kx  0  mV 2 Q R
2 2

2 1.44 1.2 4 x
 V  V  0.4  N 4 O
9 3 10

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16. The magnitude of the normal reaction that acts 17. The speed of the block when it reaches the point
on the block at the point Q is Q is
(A) 7.5 N (B) 8.6 N (A) 5 ms –1 (B) 10 ms –1
(C) 11.5 N (D) 22.5 N (C) 10 3ms 1 (D) 20 ms –1
Ans. (A)
Ans. (B )
Work energy principle
from equation (i)
1
mgRsin – W f = mv 2 ..... (i)  W 
2 v = 2  gR sin   f  = 10 m/s
 m
 = 30° m = 1 kg
R = 40 m
W f = 150 s
 = 30°

N
mv 2
N – mg sin = 
R 
mv 2 
N = mg sin  + =7.5N
R mg
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