ADVANCE SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

Course Code: 4015

Dr. Huusain Ullah

Ph.D (Chemistry)
Email: chem.hussain@gmail.com/chem_hussain@uo.edu.pk

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 Thin layer Chromatographic (adsorption chromatography)

Thin layer/planar chromatography (TLC) is a type of adsorption chromatography (Liquid-

Solid chromatography) where the separation takes place between liquid and solid and is
similar to paper chromatography. However, instead of using paper as support and water in
cellulose as stationary phase, it involve a thin layer of adsorbent like silica gel, alumina
(Al2O3) etc spread on solid glass. Compared to paper, it has the advantage of faster runs,
better separations, and the choice between different adsorbents.
Thin layer chromatography is a technique that involves placing a small dot or line of
sample solution on to the adsorbent spread on the surface of glass or aluminum (TLC
plate). The TLC plate is placed in a jar containing a shallow layer of solvent and sealed.

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As the solvent rises through the TLC plate, it meets the sample mixture, which starts
to travel up the plate with the solvent. The separation or partition of the component
tales place between the stationary phase (i,e. silica) and the mobile phase (any solvent
that may means liquid)..

Silica gel

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