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EnerNex - Features and Benefits of IEC 61850
EnerNex - Features and Benefits of IEC 61850
EnerNex - Features and Benefits of IEC 61850
ErichGunther ChairmanandCTO,EnerNex
GrantGilchrist PrincipalConsultant,EnerNex
2011EnerNex.AllRightsReserved.www.enernex.com
BrianSmith PrincipalConsultant,EnerNex
Agenda g
Whatisitandhowdidwegethere? What is it and how did we get here? TheroleofIEC61850intheUtilityBigPicture TherelationshipbetweenIEC61850andDNP3 The relationship between IEC 61850 and DNP3 Whatssogreataboutit? OverviewofthevariousIEC61850features Overview of the various IEC 61850 features Thingstoconsidermovingforward WhatIEC61850meanstostakeholders What IEC 61850 means to stakeholders
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IEC61850
Whatisit?
Notjustacommunicationsprotocol A Acomprehensivestandardforthedesignof h i d df h d i f substationautomationsystemsandapplications Acollectionofmultipleprotocols,concepts A collection of multiple protocols, concepts andcomponentstandards Aplatformfordesigning,implementing, andoperatingutilityautomationsystems d l Amethodforaddingneededcontextandstructure aroundwhathistoricallywassimple,unformatteddata around what historically was simple, unformatted data Awayoflifeforutilityautomation
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SCOPEANDHISTORY
History y
SponsoredbyElectricalPowerResearchInstitute(EPRI) UCA1.0in1992 toovague,noTCP/IP Manypilotprojects,noconsensus A AmericanElectricPowerinitiativebroughtfocus i El t i P i iti ti b ht f BecameanInternationalStandardin2004/2005viaIEEETR1550 EPRIconsideredthatUCAincludedpopularInterControlCenter p p Protocol(ICCP) ICCPisaseparatestandard:Telecontrol ApplicationService Element(TASE.2),IEC608706 Element (TASE 2) IEC 608706
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SCOPEANDHISTORY
UtilityFieldProtocolEvolution y
100s of Proprietary Protocols MMS ISO9506 1988 Mfg. Auto. Protocol-MAP Protocol MAP 1984 EPRI UCA Architecture 1991 UCA2.0 IEEE TR1550 1999
IEC61850 2003
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IEC61850
IEC61850sroleintheBigPicture g
Identified in the first batch of interoperability Identifiedinthefirstbatchofinteroperability standardskeytoSmartGriddeploymentbyNIST Focusedonautomationsystemsutilizedinthe y electricutilitytransmissionanddistributiondomains p pp Providesnetworkoptionsforapplicationssuchas:
TraditionalSCADAapplications Highspeedprotection Analogwaveformdata DigitalPTsandCTs Ph Phasor M Measurement
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IEC61850andDNP3
Issue RecognizedinNIST InteroperabilityFramework Distribution Feeder Automation SubstationAutomation SubstationtoControlCenter High SpeedPeertopeer Structured Data and Naming DataandNaming SelfDescription XML ConfigurationFile IEC 61850 Yes Noprofilecurrently existsforlow bandwidthnetworks Yes Underdevelopment Yes Yes Yes Yes DNP3(IEEE1815) Yes Designedforit
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IEC61850andDNP3Evolution
IEC61850hasmoreadvancedfeatures DNP3isinuseinover75%ofNorthAmericanutilities Canusegatewaysasanupgradepath Canuse6185074namingtodocumentDNP3pointslists IEEE1815.1gatewaystandardunderdevelopment Howtomapdata Howtomapservices Use case descriptions Usecasedescriptions
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SCOPEANDHISTORY
IECViewofaSubstation
DiagramfromIEC61850Part1
Three levels Threelevels Numberedinterfaces
Somemovementrecentlytohave italsoincludethesetwo
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SCOPEANDHISTORY
Purpose:toVisualizeaSubstation p
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IEC61850
SoWhatsSoGreatAboutIt?
FeaturesnootherSCADAprotocolhashadbefore... SelfDescriptionandBrowsers StructuredData DeviceModels,notDataPoints CapabilityforAccessSecurity FastPeertoPeerCommunications PowerfulReportingFeatures AWideChoiceofLowerLayers Basedonmoderninformationtechnologyconcepts
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APPLICATIONLAYER APPLICATIONLAYER
Services: WhatcanyoudowithIEC61850? N i Naming Read/Write SelfDescription Reporting Controls Logging Files ObjectModel: Whatdatacanyouoperateon? LogicalNodes CommonDataClasses
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APPLICATIONLAYER
AbstractCommunicationServiceInterface
Whydefineabstractservices? Isolates the data from the specifics of communications Isolatesthedatafromthespecificsofcommunications Canbemappedtomanyprotocols Future proofing allows adoption of future technologies Futureproofing allowsadoptionoffuturetechnologies AllofthesearefundamentalqualitiesdefinedintheNIST RoadmapArchitecturechapter
Server (physical device) Logical Device Logical Node Control Substitution Settings Data Object Data Set Reporting & Logging GOOSE Sampled Values File Transfer
Wh t d WhatdoestheACSIdefine? th ACSI d fi ? Functionsandparametersforeachservice How to build logical devices out of logical nodes Howtobuildlogicaldevicesoutoflogicalnodes Howtoorganizedataobjectsderivedfromlogicalnodes
Association Time Synchronization
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Self SelfDescription p
Adevicecantell itsmasterwhatdataitwillreport Mastercouldautomatically configure itselfforthedevice! Attheveryleast,provideachooserofwhatdatatomap. Includesforeachpoint: I l d f h i
Datatype Datastructure Humanreadablename
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WhatSelfDescriptionCouldMean... WhatSelf p
Asavingsof75% ormoreinconfigurationtime Majorreductionsinconfigurationerrors Itnowtakesthreeweeks toconfigureasubstation,beforefinalacceptancetesting! PlugandPlaydevices SCADAbrowsersthatdontneedaconfig!
Hours Power-Assisted IEC 61850-6 Traditional Protocol - Typical Traditional Protocol -M Max Manual ObjectOriented 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
ThiscouldcauseaRevolution! Thi ld R l i !
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Onlythetype ofdataisretained(e.g.analog) Mustbeaddedbackinlater asdescription Forces system engineer to keep it all in mind Forcessystemengineertokeepitallinmind
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StructuredDatainIEC61850
Informationisnotlost! Embedded aspartofthename Forwarded upthechainbyselfdescription Visible without configuration via browsers withoutconfigurationviabrowsers Reduces current dependence on: Reducescurrentdependenceon: spreadsheets tables wiringdiagrams systemdocumentation
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Device DeviceBasedObjectModels j
V, PhsPhsV, A
Rs
Vendorsarepermittedto
Useonlyasubset Add superset valueadded features Addsuperset value addedfeatures Mixandmatch functionsinadevice
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LogicalNodes g
Arelayusedtoperformonlyoneprotectionfunction N it Nowitmayperformseveralprotectionfunctions,e.g. f l t ti f ti
PTOC:TimeOvercurrent PDIS:DistanceProtection
Mayalsoprovidenonprotectionfunctionse.g.
MMXU:MeasurementUnit MMTR:EnergyMeter GGIO:GenericInput/Output
APPLICATIONLAYER
Self SelfDescriptionandStructuredData
Onlyaddresswas configured y Layersofstructure:
Device Domain NamedVariables Measurements MeterCircuit1 M Ci i 1 Voltage PhaseA IntegerValue
TextNamesforData DataGrouped:
Timestamp Quality ScalingParameters
DeviceModels
RTU Metering
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AnatomyofanObjectName y j
V
MX
A
MX
Functional Constraint
Logical Nodes
MMXU1 MMXU2
Physical Device
(network address)
MMXU2$MX$A = $ $
Feeder #2 Current Measurements
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IEC61850Security IEC61850Security y
BasedonIEC62351technicalspecifications Based on IEC 62351 technical specifications DigitalSignaturesattheapplication(MMS)layer Encryptionatthetransport(TLS/TCP)layer Encryption at the transport (TLS/TCP) layer SpecializedauthenticationforGOOSEmessages Softwareavailableandinusetoday Software available and in use today Newworkunderwayforsynchrophasors
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FastPeerto FastPeertoPeerCommunication
GenericObjectOrientedSubstationEvent(GOOSE) Intendedtoreplacerelaytorelaywiring d d l l l ii Eachdevicemulticastsaselectedsetofdata Assumesthemessagewillnotgetthrough Retransmitsimmediately,exponentialbackoff Periodicretransmission
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PEERTO PEERTOPEERCOMMUNICATIONS
HighSpeedorReliable? High p g
GOOSEisintendedtoreplacedirectrelay torelaywiring to relay wiring Needboth:
Veryhighspeed(<4msintransit) Veryhighreliability
Timer Data Ack
Traditionalprotocolsuse acknowledgements
Senderstartstimer Waitsforresponse Retransmitsiftimeoutoccurs
Timer
Data D
Inprotectionapplications,thisisTOO LATE!
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Retry Data
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PEERTO PEERTOPEERCOMMUNICATIONS
HighSpeedANDReliable! High p g
GOOSEusesadifferentapproach:
A Assume th t th fi t thatthefirstmessagewillnotgetthrough! ill t t th h! Always retransmitthemessage Dependonthereceivertodetectduplicates
Data
Onlyonewaytrafficneeded
Exponentialbackoff Eventually transmits about once every 2 minutes Eventuallytransmitsaboutonceevery2minutes
BasedonIEEE802multicastaddressing Hardwarefiltersoutwhatsnotneeded
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PEERTO PEERTOPEERCOMMUNICATIONS
LANInterlockingandTripping g pp g
GOOSEisidealforinterlocking
M lti ti Multicastingeliminatesmultiple li i t lti l connectionsbetweendevices Solvesthenx(n1) problem Several simple logic programs replaces Severalsimplelogicprogramsreplaces onecomplexone
LANtrippingismorecontroversial
Hasbeenimplementedsucessfully H b i l t d f ll Performanceisakeyissue Nothoroughstudiesdoneyet Someproblemsnotyetsolved,e.g. S bl l d breakerfailuremustdetectabsence ofa signalintime. Devicesmayhavetobecertified Devices may have to be certified
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PEERTO PEERTOPEERCOMMUNICATIONS
SampledValuesontheLAN p
Takesdecentralizationonestepfurther S Separatessamplingphysicallyfrom li h i ll f
Measurement Metering Calculation
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CONFIGURATION
WhatisSubstationConfigurationLanguage?
Standardizedfileformatforsubstationconfiguration BasedonExtensibleMarkupLanguage(XML) Exchangesfilesbetweenproprietaryengineeringtools FilemaydescribeoneIED,orwholesubstation E EveryIEC61850vendormustsupplyanSCLfile IEC 61850 d t l SCL fil Format,orschemadefinedinIEC61850Part6
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CONFIGURATION
DifferentLevelsofConfiguration g
Substation Configuration Language
System Configuration Tool
`
Substation GUI
Data Concentrator ` IED Config Tool Vendor A ` IED Config Tool Vendor B Proprietary Configuration Files
IED Vendor A
IED Vendor B
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CONFIGURATION
UsingSCLAlone g
1. Vendor 1 V d supplies li SCL File for IED
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CONFIGURATION
Power PowerAssistedConfiguration g
3. User edits configuration 2. Tool produces SCL file
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CONFIGURATION
RemotePowerAssistedConfig RemotePowerAssistedConfig g
2. Vendor sends SCL file to integrator g 3. Integrator edits and g 4. downloads configuration
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PowerfulReportingFeatures PowerfulReportingFeatures p g
Notbasedonpolling Remote device does the work Remotedevicedoesthework GroupdataintoDataSets configured clientdefined Spontaneousreporton: datachange periodicreportbyexception i t it integrityreport t freezing Journals for longterm storage Journalsforlong termstorage Filesforbulkdata
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STRUCTURE
ASuiteofProtocols,NotJustOne
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STRUCTURE
IEC61850ReferenceModel
Application Process Abstract Communication Service Interface (ACSI) SCSM 1 SCSM 1 Stack 1 Stack 1 SCSM 1 Stack 1
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STRUCTURE
IEC61850Architecture
SCADA Substation Host Station Bus IED1 IED2 Process Bus IED3
CT
VT
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STRUCTURE
StationBusProtocols
SCADA Substation Host Station Mappings (8-1) Client/Server (TCP/IP) GOOSE/GSSE (Link) Time Sync (SNTP) Time Station Bus IED1 IED2 Process Bus IED3
CT
VT
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STRUCTURE
ProcessBusProtocols
SCADA Substation Host Process Bus Mappings (9-2) Sampled Values Protocol (Link) Sampled GOOSE/GSSE (Link) Time Sync ( y (SNTP) ) Station Bus IED1 IED2 Process Bus IED3
CT
VT
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STRUCTURE
DocumentSet
Basic principles Glossary Gl General Requirements System and project management Communication requirements Substation Automation System Configuration C fi ti Basic Communication Structure Part 8 Mapping to MMS and Ethernet Sampled Measured Values
Mapping to Ethernet
Conformance testing
Part 10
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STRUCTURE
MostCommonlyUsedProfiles y
Object Models IEC 61850-7-3, 7-4 Abstract Services GOOSE IEC 61850-7-2 8-1 IEC 61850-8-1 MMS/ACSE ISO Pres./ ASN.1 ISO Session
RFC 1006
SMV
9-1 9-2 Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical
TCP
Ethertype
IP Ethernet Physical
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SubstationAutomationafterIEC61850 SubstationAutomationafterIEC61850
To Legacy Masters HMI with Power-Assisted Configuration Self-Configuring Web Server To WAN
Gateway/ Coordinator
Firewall/ Router
Bay Controller
CTs
PTs
CTs
PTs
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IEC61850
ThingstoConsiderMovingForward g g
SupportingTechnologies Supporting Technologies
Ethernet,TCP/IP,TimeSynchronization
OrganizationalandProcess g
Employeeskillsets Networkingandcybersecurityfundamentals Organizationalinterfacesandresponsibilities Documentation EngineeringandMaintenanceTools
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IEC61850
WhatItMeanstoStakeholders
UtilityDecisionMaker
Improved engineering efficiency Improvedengineeringefficiency Benefitsofdatamodelingextendintotheutility enterprise
UtilityEngineer
Newtoolsandoptionsfordesigningsystemstomeetthe evolvingrequirementsofasmartgridworld
Regulator
Highbenefitcostratio(BCR)
Vendor
Narrowerfocusonproductcommunicationfeatures f d f morefocusoninnovation,features,benefits,cost
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ForMoreInformation ForMoreInformation
ErichGunther erich@enernex.com BrianSmith b ith@ bsmith@enernex.com GrantGilchrist grant@enernex.com g @ http://www.enernex.com/ ComingSoon morewebinarsandmultidaytraining seminarsatourconferencefacilityandlabsinKnoxville i t f f ilit dl b i K ill Tennessee StayTuned!
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