FINDING CALM AMIDST THE CHAOS: DESIGNING INCLUSIVE BUS STOPS IN

METRO MANILA

By

Alvarez, Vinccent Ian, R.

Fernandez, Paolo Joaquin, B.

Medalla, Justin, C.

Mercullo, Endrei Clyne, M.

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Degree of Bachelor of Science in Industrial Engineering

Gokongwei College of Engineering

De La Salle University

Taft Avenue, Manila

December 2022
 CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

1. There are no studies done on the state of commuters in the Phils but observations show

that there are problems

2. Can the state of the bus stops affect the take up of commuters on the bus

3. How can it be improved

1. NEW NORMAL CONDITIONS IN THE PHILIPPINES

As COVID-19 cases continue to decline nationally (Crisostomo, 2022), the government

has started to impose less stringent health and safety protocols as suggested by economic

planners (Jaymalin, 2022). Currently, the national government is using different strategies to

stimulate and sustain the country’s economy. The National and Economic Development

Authority (NEDA) have proposed a 10-point policy for accelerating and sustaining the country’s

economy, which aims to accelerate vaccination roll-out, reinstate in-person and economic

activities, and streamline its metrics in the pursuit of an endemic world (Chua, 2022). Joey

Salceda, the presidential adviser for entrepreneurship, urged other government officials to

streamline its relaxed health protocols, citing that it is the key to the country’s economic

resurgence (Maralit, 2022). Schools and businesses have begun opening their doors for in-person

work and classes. Businesses have begun calling their employees back to the office (Malasig,
2022) to spur employee productivity, in which virtual work seems to compromise it (De Los

Santos, 2022). On the other hand, a modal shift to in-person classes as mandated by the DepEd

Order 034 has been approved (Paunan, 2022), stating the importance of children being equipped

with the right knowledge and skill set (Hernando-Malipot, 2022). Evidentiary to the economic

recovery is the increased presence of traffic congestion and mobility in more than thirty eight

(38) cities within Metro Manila and nearby provinces after the government approved the

reopening of malls, theaters, and restaurants (Favila, 2022).

Figure 1.1. Transport, Leisure, and Workplace Mobility in the Philippines (Ritchie et al., 2020)
 As depicted in Figure 1.1 above, foot traffic in the Philippines have increased since the

second quarter of this year. Specifically, the increasing mobility trend can be seen in recreational

activities (e.g. movie watching, parks, etc.), visitations in workplaces, and in public

transportation usage. Therefore, the government has to be prepared in facing with the public

demand for services, especially in the case of public transportation services.

2. PUBLIC BUS TRANSPORTATION IN THE NEW NORMAL

With the laxing of COVID-19 restrictions, demand for public transportation is expected

to increase. According to Dela Peña (2022b), 80% of the Metro Manila population relies on it.

Of the total commuting population, 85% has been commuting already via the different modes of

public transportation since November 2021 (Chua, 2022). Although the public transportation

sector experienced painful economic and financial woes from the pandemic, the post-pandemic

recovery efforts are expected to revitalize the heavily affected sector (Sunio et al., 2019; Esmael,

2020).

Public Utility Buses (PUBs) are highly prioritized in the hierarchy of public transport

according to the Department Order No. 2017-011 (2017) due its practical benefits of being

reliable, safe, accessible, environmentally sound, and comfortable. In addition, PUBs are capable

of covering medium to long distances between cities while being affordable at the same time

(Wijaya, 2009; Domingo et al., 2015), provision of better passenger amenities (Mayo &

Taboada, 2020), being environmentally-friendly as it produces less air pollution per passenger

mile (National Express Transit, 2017) since “carbon footprint of those taking the public
transportation is smaller compared to those that are taking their own private vehicles” (I. Cruz,

personal communication, October 11, 2022), and its crucial role in moving high volume of

people across cities within Metro Manila (Regidor, 2019; Morillo, 2022, as cited in Luna, 2022b)

while using lesser road spaces (Domingo et al., 2015). Furthermore, “buses can easily carry [up

to a maximum of] 60 passengers and put side-by-side, that’s only about three cars to a bus for

the same amount of space” (I. Cruz, personal communication, October 11, 2022).

Given the benefits, different commuter groups and coalitions have urged the government

to increase the supply of Public Utility Vehicles (PUVs) to cope up with the demand (Luna,

2022a). Initially, PUB operators are authorized to operate at 50-75% capacity, provided that no

passengers are standing and that one-seat-apart scheme is strictly followed (DOTR, 2021;

Prasetyo et al., 2020). But in a recent circular released by the LTFRB, a maximum of 15 and 10

standing passengers are allowed for low-entry PUBs and coach-type PUBs, respectively,

provided that one-person apart distance is strictly implemented (Land Transportation Franchising

& Regulatory Board, 2022, p. 1). Additionally, the Department of Transportation’s (DOTr)

added 50 more buses in the EDSA carousel (Locus, 2022) and the return of 133 non-EDSA pre-

pandemic routes for all PUVs in metro manila, comprised of 33 non-EDSA city bus routes, 68

traditional and modern jeepney routes, and 32 utility vehicle (UV) express routes by the LTFRB

(Baroña, 2022). Aside from the resumption of operations and increase in capacity, the

government also spearheaded the deployment of its PUV service contracting project under the

section 41 of the Bayanihan to Recover As One Act of 2020 (Cth)2.

1Section 4 of the Bayanihan to Recover As One Act 2020 (Cth) states that one of the act’s foal is “to effectively
implement the distribution of wage subsidies, cash-for-work program, or service contracting… and to ensure that
the livelihood in the transport sector is preserved”. (p.31)
2The program became effective on 26 September 2020 until 30 June 2021, with an allocated budget of Php 5.6
billion, beginning its implementation on mass transit services (i.e., rait transits and PUBs) (Sunio et al., 2022). But,
with the cry of commuter groups to the new administration, it was extended until 31 December 2022, which costed
the government Php 1.4 billion, just to support an estimated 50 million riderships (DBM, 2022). The main goal of
 Given all the promising benefits of PUBs at the disposal of the government, and with the

rise in commuter mobility problems (Gaspay, 2021), there is a need to improve public bus

services and infrastructures to increase ridership, improve reuse intentions, and improve

stakeholder satisfaction, which eventually will make it more attractive to use (Dixon et al., 2010)

and would gain more support from the public (Todd, 2008). Moreover, public transportation

modes such as PUBs are vital drivers of a country’s economic growth (Francisco & Helble,

2017) as they operate on arterial or major highways of Metro Manila (Llanto & Gerochi, 2017;

Sunio et al., 2019), making it one of the standard modes of transport in the country (Mayo &

Taboada, 2020). Hence, having well-defined service characteristics is key to developing

programs and decrees to enhance such services.

The government has recognized the importance of modern and efficient transportation

systems to the country’s socioeconomic growth (National Economic and Development

Authority, 2018), and in the past 5 years has implemented multiple projects with this goal in

mind. Among these were the Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program (PUVMP) of the

DOTr and the ‘Build, Build, Build’ Program. The PUVMP is a large-scale transformational plan

aimed at modernizing public transportation equipment and optimizing operations to achieve a

more well-managed, efficient, and environmentally sustainable transport sector (Delgra, 2017).

Government officials and agencies have recognized the relevance and importance of

updated and modern transportation systems to the country’s socioeconomic growth (National

Economic and Development Authority, 2018), such as having connected transportation

networks, high-density, and quality infrastructures, which leads to high development levels

this act is to help drivers and operators recover financially and sustain its profitability in the post-pandemic era. In
addition to the government subsidy, the Office of the Vice President (OVP) has pledged a Libreng Sakay Program,
which will utilize the office’s five (5) buses for commuters to use (Galvez, 2022).
(Rodrigue & Nitteboom, 2018). According to Move As One Coalition and AltMobility PH, more

than 80% of Filipinos in Metro Manila rely on public transportation services, but only 20% of

public road space is attributed to public Utility vehicles (PUVs) (Dela Pena, 2022). With these

considerations in mind, together with concerns about environmental impact, efficiency, and

safety of the current PUB operations, the government has been implementing projects in the last

five (5) years for its improvement and enhancement such as rationalizing its routes,

infrastructures, and improving its overall services. Some of which is the Public Utility Vehicle

Modernization Program (PUVMP) of the DOTr and the ‘Build, Build, Build’ Program. PUVMP

sought to transform the country’s public transportation landscape (Malasique et al., 2022) in

response to the pressing factors such as private vehicle congestion, air pollutants, and overloaded

road capacities (Rith et al., 2020; Estipular, 2020) among others. Through this program, mass

public transportation operations are enhanced to be more efficient and reliable (Delgra, 2017). In

the case of PUBs, programs are already being implemented such as the government’s current

process of phasing out old and overdue PUBs (Ramirez, 2018), streamlining of franchises

through consortiums’ control of operations such as in the EDSA Carousel (GCQ Special Permit

for Route No. E, 2021), and the publishing of local public transport route plans (LPTRP) for

PUBs, with DOTr activating 29 bus routes in Metro Manila (De Guzman, 2020) initially, which

was extended to 31 routes in the accommodation of EDSA carousel and Cubao-Antipolo. As for

the BBB program, building of modern infrastructures was the primary goal. One of its projects is

the country’s first ‘state-of-the-art’ integrated and multi-modal terminal, with facilities and

design that are on par with world class standards. The Paranaque Integrated Terminal Exchange

(PITX) is a terminal that harbors buses from Cavite, Batangas, and in-city modes of

transportation with the aim of reducing the number of provincial buses operating within Metro
Manila. It also features park-ride facilities, maintenance areas, a bus reservation, online booking

system, and advanced ticketing systems. Aside from its transportation-centric features and

facilities, the terminal also houses a centralized shopping center, office buildings, and

commercial spaces (Carmudi PH, 2018 & Rey, 2018). Another prominent project, targeted at the

improvement and enhancement of PUVs is the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) project in Metro

Manila. The BRT project was fully implemented under the Duterte administration in 2017

(Garcia, 2021) that seeks to combine the flexibility of buses and the celerity of railway transit

systems (Deng & Nelson, 2011; Maeso-Gonzalez & Perez-Ceron, 2014) given the unreliability

and inefficiencies of city buses. Furthermore, Philippine-based case studies on the applicability

of BRT proved that implementing a BRT system in Metro Manila alone yields lesser operating

costs, lesser travel time, ridership potential, and is more beneficial for the environment (Baron et

al., 2012; Fillone et al., 2013).

3. ISSUES ON PUB SERVICES MODERNIZATION AND ENHANCEMENT

Despite the many improvement projects and decrees laid out by the government and

several government agencies concerned with the management of public transportation services,

specifically PUB services, there have been various news reports and stakeholder complaints that

are in direct contrast to the goals and principles of the programs and the other initiatives geared

towards bus modernization and improvements.

It is the direct stakeholders of public bus transport services, specifically commuters, that

are burdened by PUB service problems. Despite the irony that the government is calling for “a

safe, secure, reliable, efficient, integrated, intermodal, affordable, cost-effective, environmentally

sustainable, and people-oriented national transport system that ensures improved quality of life
of the people'' (National Economic & Development Authority, 2018, p. 2), there is still a lack of

complete support, especially among transportation infrastructures of the country thereby

affecting the quality of service being provided (Changing Transport, 2020). Commuters are faced

with a dilemma of routinely facing worse Metro Manila commute experiences, primarily

attributed to pre-transit service, such as time consumed due to waiting, stress and exhaustion,

weariness due to commute experience, and unfavorable environmental and ergonomic features,

which forces commuters to seek for coping mechanisms such as self-distraction or entertainment,

rest opportunities such as sitting and relaxing, and personal adjustments from the unhealthy

commuting environment (Fallaria et al., 2018). Supporting bus system services requires

optimal supply of bus facilities and infrastructures as it affects the level of the service

rendered to commuters (Wijaya, 2009). This lack of support is evidenced by the current poor

design of bus stop/shelter infrastructure as depicted in Figures 1.2 through 1.6 which affects the

pre-transit services rendered to commuters. As a result, more commuters are less satisfied

with PUB services, as supported as well by findings of other studies (Gatersleben & Uzzell,

2007; Scaletsky et al., 2016)

 Figure 1.2. BGC Net One Bus Stop

Figure 1.3. EDSA Carousel Bus Stops

Figure 1.4. Non-EDSA Carousel Ayala Bus Station
 Figure 1.5. Robinsons Galleria Ortigas Bus Stop

Figure 1.6. Makati Avenue Bus Station

The EDSA Carousel3, as a make-shift BRT system has encountered several issues and

faced public scrutiny since it began operations in 2020. It has caused frustration among

commuters (BBC, 2019; Sarao, 2022). One significant issue is the lack of buses being deployed,

especially during peak hours. Grecia (2022) reported that only around 200 buses were being

deployed during rush hour despite the capacity of the busway being 440 units. Furthermore, by

the onset of 2022, numerous businesses had already begun to call their employees back to the

office. The disproportion between supply and demand caused longer lines than usual and absurd

stories from commuters. Another issue is the project’s lack of progress in terms of infrastructure

3The EDSA Carousel is also known as the Metro Manila Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) First Line Project is
implemented to improve the effectiveness, efficiency, and safety of the public transport system along the project
corridor in Metro Manila, costing the government US$ 109.41 million, with $64.6 million pledged by the World
Bank (World Bank, 2022).
throughput (Yong, 2022; Grecia, 2022; de Vera, 2022). As a result, the World Bank decided to

withdraw its funding entirely whilst declining requests to extend the contract (Garcia, 2022). As

a result, many commuters reportedly felt stressed, insecure, anxious, tired, and frustrated in

relation to their commute experience, primarily attributable to their waiting for the bus (Dela

Peña, 2022a; Recuenco, 2022). Although the DOTr added 50 bus units to the current 450 buses

plying through EDSA carousel to cope up with the demand (Locus, 2022), bus stops are still

problematic. In an interview with BusinessWorld, Primo V. Morillo (convener of the Passenger

Forum) stated that the current stations lack ample space and waiting areas for commuters

(BusinessWorld, 2022). Additionally, when commuters are interviewed4, they “feel [the]

frustration because the facility is not that great. The stop is too narrow, stairs going down the

stop are dilapidated. Sometimes, the walkway is slippery [and] the barriers are rusty and old”

(Commuter 9, personal communication, September 27, 2022). More so, commuters expressed

lack of place to sit to recover after “lots of going up and down the stairs” (Commuter 13,

personal communication, October 11, 2022), stating that it is “fatiguing because you have no

place to sit for 15-20 minutes” (Commuter 3, personal communication, September 22, 2022).

Similarly, the same negative experiences are felt by commuters who rides on non-EDSA

carousel buses, such as the traditional city buses and express buses (i.e., P2P bus). They have

regarded that there is lack of attention in terms of commuter safety and security, stating that they

fear of being “unconsciously snatched or someone will declare robbery” (Commuter 3, personal

communication, September 22, 2022), which is exacerbated by the inadequacy of lighting as

“there is not much lighting, and the light only comes from the meralco post, which is not
4Thirty (30) respondents were interviewed as, comprising twenty (20) commuters, four (4) bus drivers, three (3)
conductors, and three (3) dispatchers. Interviewees were asked to describe their commute and work experiences and
observations on public city bus services based on the three (3) bus service phases defined by the study, namely the
(1) pre-transit phase, the (2) in-transit phase, and the (3) post-transit phase. Sinha et al. (2020) supports this as it is
crucial to look into the overall journey experience of commuters rather than focusing on some journey components.
adequate” (Commuter 6, personal communication, September 27, 2022) and presence of security

hazards where “there are some people sleeping on the streets, the homeless people. Safety is an

issue for me because there is a chance that I might get robbed” (Commuter 5, personal

communication, September 26, 2022).

Generally, commuters complained about their well-being, comfortability, and overall

inclusivity, citing that “it is tiresome because we are outside. We are always exposed to

unbearable heat and sometimes, we get wet from the rain… even though we are under the

shelter, we still get wet because its coverage is not adequate” (Bus Conductor 1, personal

communication, September 30, 2022), that you catch “pollution... the harmful emissions from

vehicles” (Commuter 5, personal communication, September 26, 2022), and that the bus stop is

not PWD and senior friendly as “there are no seats… and there are no sign boards for

prioritization. So, it would be difficult for them [PWDs and seniors] every time they embark into

the bus, especially if it’s rush hour” (Commuter 2, personal communication, September 22,

2022) and “no ramps or like safety railings for them to be assisted when going into the bus”

(Commuter 5, personal communication, September 26, 2022). Personal assurance was an issue as

well, wherein anarchy is present as “you’re competing with others just to ride a bus” (Commuter

11, personal communication, October 10, 2022) and that spacing is “narrow… the platform is

unsafe… There was one time where I found a bus going to Makati. Before I could even ride the

bus, there was another bus that was already moving and was close to being mauled by the bus.

Good thing that I was able to avoid it” (Commuter 1, personal communication, September 25,

2022). Lack of relevant information is also presented, where some commuters commented that

they “don’t know what time the bus will arrive… have to hope it doesn’t take too long”

(Commuter 13, personal communication, October 20, 2022) and “…sometimes, there are
passengers that does not where they will go, so they tend to ride in whichever bus” (Bus

Conductor 1, personal communication, October 13, 2022), which causes anxiety among

commuters (Scaletsky et al., 2016).

Conclusively, there is clear evidence that negative commute experiences and observations

are commonly present during the pre-transit phase of PUB services. Surprisingly, even the

operators (i.e., bus drivers, conductors, dispatchers) have expressed concerns over the welfare of

commuters when interviewed on their perspective. Hence, the current design of bus stops

contradict the promotion of safety and protection of commuters by providing adequate and

quality facilities and utilities as depicted in Section 5 of the Executive Order No. 202 (1987).

Experts5 concur with the responses of stakeholders, stating 6 that “mass transit initiatives

of our country are still lacking, even in PUBs because most of the projects are somehow inclined

to the use of private cars- skyway, expressways” (Expert 1, personal communication, October 5,

2022). Experts are calling that we should have “properly equipped, adequately-sized, and well-

maintained terminals and stops… we’re not just talking about chairs and proper cover, but also

that it displays routes, route information, fare, status of a transportation, and all of that” (Expert

2, personal communication, October 11, 2022). In addition, “it should cater to all… It should

cater especially to PWDs [and] senior citizens” (Expert 1, personal communication, October 5,

2022) while the “priority of it would be safety, as simple as lighting in bus stops would make

people feel safe, so they could really wait there… also, having natural designs like instead of a

5A total of five (5) experts were interviewed, specifically distinguished academe professors of transportation
engineering unit of the De La Salle University, representatives from transportation-related government agencies
(i.e., LTFRB, MMDA, & DOTr), infrastructure standards experts from the Bureau of Standards (BPS) of the
Department of Trade and Industry, and representatives from commuter advocate groups (i.e., AltMobility). They
were interviewed to have a better understanding on the public bus services and commute phenomena, establish the
significance and importance of the role of PUBs in the transportation sector of the country, and to corroborate it with
the stakeholders’ responses.
6Interview transcripts can be found in Appendix 2.
physical barrier that looks dull, it can be replaced by plant boxes that are sturdy” (Expert 1,

personal communication, October 5, 2022).

Primarily, bus stops are set for passengers to access the city buses traversing along the

highways and secondary roads of Metro Manila, which serves its purpose to link the user (i.e.,

commuter) and the public transport (Tavares et al., 2015) and to offer passengers temporary

environment to wait (Lin et al., 2006). Although there are bus stops, accessing it remains to be a

challenge as some stakeholders states that “passengers are struggling… because even though

there is a system, it is still burdensome as bus stops are far… and they needed to walk far just to

reach the stop” (Bus Driver 3, personal communication, October 5, 2022). As a result, it is

strategically placed in areas with high foot traffic areas in the hope that commuters would easily

find it. As observed and as evidenced by the previous figures, bus stops are strategically placed

near highly social areas such as malls, businesses, and under metro rail transit (MRT) stations.

However, anarchy and unfavorability of the commute environment greatly affected commuters’

commute experience as evidenced by interview excerpts from the previous section. This must be

addressed, given that most trips for bus commuters begin and end with walking (Dill et al.,

2013). As a solution, there are marshalls and dispatchers in place at some bus stops, which

somehow gave order in terms of queueing, boarding system, and disembarkation system. But,

amenities such as these remains to be inadequate, which enabled the national government to

construct additional infrastructure and amenities, as amended in the Memorandum Circular

Number 2017-030 or the Omnibus Franchising Guidelines, inspired by the Executive Order No.

202 (1987), which mandates the LTFRB “to formulate, promulgate, administer, implement, and

enforce rules and regulations on land transportation public utilities, standards of measurements

and/or design, and rules and regulations… that may promote safety, protection, comfort, and
convenience to persons” (Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board, 2017, p.1).

Under this circular, the agency laid out several minimum requirements and standards for design

of all off-street terminals’ operations, which are centered on the provision of sophisticated public

transportation infrastructures for road-based transportation commuters, especially for PUBs.

Unfortunately, it is found that the design is substandard given the inadequate amenities.

Conclusively, bus stops are poorly designed in relation to the bus commuters’ needs and

expectations, especially for vulnerable people (i.e., PWDs and senior citizens) (Pajarin et al.,

2018). Bus stops are one of the most used facilities in public transportation (Hatami &

Mahjoobin, 2016). Therefore, it is essential that it is well-designed and equipped with adequate

amenities and features to foster commuter psychological and physical comfort, safety, thermal

and weather comfort, and accessibility (Zhang, 2012; Tavares et al., 2015). Summing all these as

depicted by the 5 whys diagram

in Figure 1.7 below, there is a

dire need to design better

Metro Manila bus stops to

make it more inclusive for all

commuters.
 Figure 1.7. The 5-Whys Diagram for Redesigning Bus Stops

4. ASSESSMENT OF COMMUTER NEEDS

Before the designing of bus stops can commence, an initialization of customer needs is

firstly done. The current study utilizes the Quality Function Deployment (QFD), which was first

developed by Yoji Akao in 1966 (Ginting et al., 2019) with the goal to translate all customer

needs and desires into a functional and practical product design (Zheng & Chin, 2005). Hence, in

this current study, the customer needs, which is also defined as the voice of customers, is the

starting point for the QFD process (Franceschini & Maisano, 2015). From the stakeholder

interviews conducted as discussed in the previous sections, there are sixteen (16) formulated

meanings or concerns that have been raised by the 30 interviewees 7. For each of the formulated

7Approximately 20–30 interviewees are needed to acquire 90%–95% of the customer needs (Griffin & Hauser,
1993).
meanings, they are grouped into six (6) emergent experience sub-themes from which the

stakeholders associate with, namely (1) environmental risk concerns, (2) safety and security, (3)

weather and thermal comfort, (4) personal relief and assurance, (5) accessibility, and (6)

inclusivity. Overall, the respondents associate these emergent themes to the current set-up of the

bus stops or shelters that influences and affects the experience of bus commuters regarding pre-

transit service phase. The following emergent experience sub-theme clusters and their

corresponding formulated meanings are summarized in Table 1.1 below. The sub-themes are

further classified into the main themes adopted by the current study, which is based on the

primary commuter needs that is established by Ely et al. (2012). Lastly, commuters’ needs are

also derived from the formulated meanings acquired by the current study, which will serve as the

voice of customers (VOC).

A survey is administered to 608 conveniently sampled frequent bus commuters, wherein

the goal of the survey questionnaire9 is to establish the relative importance ratings and competitor

analysis ratings10 on a scale of 1-5 (1 - Not Important At All/Not Satisfied; 5 - Very

Important/Satisfied). But, before administering the survey formally, a pre-testing of the

questionnaire was done. It is administered initially to 30 11 frequent bus commuters. Cronbach’s

alpha12 was then computed, and the results for each construct are summarized in Table 1.2

below.

8Refer to Appendix 4.
9The copy of survey questionnaire is depicted in Appendix 3.
10Bus stops considered for the competitor analysis are randomly chosen, provided that they are located in high-foot
traffic areas as ideally, they must be located in areas of particular need that allow passengers to alight safely and
conveniently (Bus Priority Team, 2006).
11Pre-testing the survey to thirty (30) respondents is recommended by Perneger et al. (2015).
12Cronbach’s alpha is a measure internal consistency (Komperda, 2018). Ideally, literature suggests an alpha range
of 0.7-1.0 for it to be reliable (DeVellis, 2003; Taber, 2017).
 Table 1.1. Commuters’ Needs Segregated by Main Theme
Main Theme Sub-Theme Formulated Meanings13 Commuters’ Needs

Security concerns of being robbed, harassed,

Provision of surveillance and security services.
altercated, and harmed.

Inadequate to no lighting. Adequate lighting.

Security and Safety
Lack of protection and prevention from road- Presence of quality protective infrastructure
based accidents. amenities (e.g., quality-built barriers, non-slippery
Psychosocial
Substandard infrastructure and amenities walkways).
Need
Many passengers do not know where they need Availability of usable sign and real-time
to go/which bus to board. information boards.

Provision of tangible utilities to support order in

People cutting in lines; queues being disorderly. queues and boarding (e.g., railings, queueing signs,
Personal Relief and Assurance boarding timers).

Physical Provision of physical relief from exhaustion due to

Fatigue due to standing/queueing for a
Need standing and walking (e.g., presence of usable
considerable period of time.
seats).

Bus stop area is crowded and too tight. Availability of safe and adequate spaces.

Weather and Thermal Comfort Exposed to unbearable weather conditions,

Protection from weather (e.g., rain, sun, wind).
leading to uncomfortability.

Uncomfortability due to unbearable heat and Adequate ventilation

humidity.

13Full interview transcripts of stakeholders that support the formulated meanings can be found in Appendix 1.
 Provision of quality amenities to promote
Struggle to access the stop/station. walkability (e.g., elevators, escalators, manlift,
ramps, safe walkways).

Provision of adequate priority and accessible

Accessibility boarding amenities and services (e.g., priority in
queues, tactile floorings, visible and talking
Not friendly for seniors and PWDs. signages, brailles, etc.) for PWD/Senior Citizens.

Provision of priority waiting seats for seniors and

PWDs.

Outdoor Environment Risk Exposed to pollution and inhalation of pollutants

Protection from smoke and emissions.
Concerns emitted from vehicles.
 Table 1.2. Cronbach’s Alpha Segregated per Survey Construct
Survey Questionnaire Part Number of Cronbach’s
Construct
Classification Statements Alpha

Commuter’s Importance
Voice of Customers (VOCs) 13 0.912
Ratings

BGC Bus Stop 13 0.960

EDSA Carousel Bus Stop 13 0.948

Commuters’ Competitor
Robinson’s Galleria Bus Stop 13 0.963
Analysis Ratings
Ayala Avenue Bus Stop 13 0.953

Makati Avenue Bus Stop 13 0.928

The computation was done using the SPSS software, and based on the results, all

constructs uphold internal consistency, given that the alpha values are more than 0.90. Hence, the

survey questionnaire is able to give reliable results. With the strategic importance of importance

ratings of VOCs and satisfaction ratings for the competitor analysis (Gonzalez et al. 2003), these

served as inputs to the product planning House of Quality (HOQ) or HOQ 1 as depicted in

Figure 1.8 below. In relation to the phases of HOQ 1 as defined by Franceschini and Maisano

(2015), VOCs are matched with engineering requirements, which are obtained from expert

interviews and public transportation infrastructure standards documents provided by literature

and public transportation related government agencies.

Based on the improvement factor in the HOQ developed in Figure 1.8 which will be the

basis for identifying relevant bus stop components into the design, having priority waiting areas

for PWDs and seniors (2.8) are the most important commuter needs to be addressed by a bus

stop. This is followed by ensuring surveillance and security (2.7) among bus commuters. These

two findings corroborate with Mayo’s and Taboada’s (2020) findings that safety, which is
inclusive of security and surveillance, is of utmost consideration of commuters in public

transportation modes. Additionally, improving bus stop facilities to facilitate accessibility among

persons with mobility issues such as senior citizens and PWDs is comparably important

(Bartholomew et al., 2020). This also applies to regular commuters in the form of walkability

(2.2) as this emphasizes that walkability is present if amenities that promote modest physical

efforts are present (Corazza & Favaretto, 2019). Moreover, provision of physical comfort (2.7)

such as usable seating is similarly important as it encourages smooth boarding operations and

dictates perceived level of satisfaction (Hu et al. 2015; Corazza et al., 2016).

Having useful signs & information (2.6) and priority boarding amenities (2.6) came in

next. These findings corroborate with the expert interviews as discussed in the previous sections

and studies that provision of information is beneficial to passengers is beneficial to passengers

(Talbott, 2011; Cats et al., 2011; Gentile & Noekel, 2016). Moreover, priority boarding and

accessibility for senior citizens and PWDs are important considerations to the bus stop design as

stops are vital in bridging ride journeys with disabilities (Wu et al., 2011). Unfortunately, this is

being complained evidently by interviewed senior citizens and bus commuters as evidenced by

interview transcripts, which limits their mobility (Lee et al., 2019).

Addressing anarchy or disorderly queues (2.4) in bus stops are also needed as it was

evident in the interview sessions conducted. This constitutes the fact that anarchy contributes to

the negative experiences by commuters.

Lastly, the need for weather protection (2.3) and having safe and adequate spaces (2.3) is

also relevant, which corroborates with Zhang’s (2012) assertion that inclusive bus stop design

must protect commuters from wind and unbearable weather. Furthermore, providing safe and

adequate spaces is important, given the timeliness of the current pandemic conditions where
having safe personal spaces are needed to ensure healthy distancing.

Surprisingly, the need for protection against smoke and pollution garnered the lowest

improvement factor value (0.9) which implies that it is not one of commuters’ biggest concerns.

Moreover, the need for adequate ventilation had a negative improvement factor (-0.4) which

implies that commuters are satisfied with the ventilation that bus stops in Metro Manila provides.
Figure 1.8. Bus Stop House of Quality
 4.1. SYNTHESIS

Infrastructure such as bus stops are indeed necessary for the PUB system as it is a

place for gathering passengers waiting and disembarking from the bus and to facilitate

passenger exchange flows (Tubis et al. 2021). They are both the starting and ending

points of a bus commuter’s commute journey. Therefore, its inclusive design plays a key

role in increasing both the attractiveness and sustainability of PUB services. By

inclusivity, it is an agglomeration of important design considerations, specifically design

for accessibility, security & safety, user & users, and quality of public spaces (Gehl

Institute & Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2018).

In a broad overview, the significant realization from the HOQ is that bus stop

features or components that addresses commuters’ physical and psychosocial needs must

be present to address and improve inclusivity of such infrastructures, leading to improved

use satisfaction and reuse intention.

5. PROBLEM STATEMENT

As revealed by the interviews with the direct stakeholders of bus stops within Metro

Manila, and as corroborated by the interviews with transportation experts, the current design

does not effectively support the commuters’ needs. Hence, there is a dire need to design a bus

stop that is inclusive to commuters to increase reuse commuter intention and satisfaction.
6. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

The overall aim of the current study is to design an inclusive bus stop for Metro Manila

city bus routes to incorporate the needs of stakeholders (i.e., commuters). In meeting this, the

following specific objectives are stated:

● To incorporate the most pressing needs of direct stakeholders (i.e., commuters)

into the design process based on the HOQ results

● To examine the effect of incorporation of bus stop components into the proposed

design of the Metro Manila bus stop

● To examine the mediating effect of perceived inclusivity on commuter behavioral

response (i.e., bus stop use satisfaction and reuse intention)

7. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Illustrated in Figure 1.9 below is the proposed conceptual framework. The framework

highlights and aims to address the gap between the current Philippine standards for bus stop

characteristics depicted in Table 2.1 below and commuters’ needs for a bus stop 14. The

technical requirements that are not curently included in the local standards cited, but meet

commuters’ needs for a bus stop are embodied in the framework as ‘Bus Stop Components’,

namely benches, signages & trip information, and landscaping. These components are seen to

be the common denominator need based on the interview from commuters and as based by the

results of HOQ, which specifically addresses the ergonomic needs of commuters in the current

study, which are physical and psychosocial needs (Ely et al., 2012; Shi et al., 2021). Moreover,

these are the independent variables in the framework, and are considered as design inputs in

14 Refer to Table 1.1.

 the final design of the bus stop. Additionally, other commuter needs present in the HOQ but

not in the framework are those that have already been included in the Philippine local

standards. Because these standards have already been promulgated, it is assumed that the

suggested bus stop design should not modify them. Thus, they will be treated as control

variables throughout the duration of the study. The relationship between the bus stop

components and ‘Commuter Behavioral Responses’ as the dependent variable, specifically bus

stop reuse intentions and use satisfaction can be further examined in the Philippine context.

Figure 1.9 Conceptual Framework

According to the implementing rules and regulations (IRR) of Chapter IX (Rest Areas,

Bus Terminals, Bus Stops and Service Stations) of the Sanitation Code of the Philippines (SCP),

there must be enough benches or seats provided for passengers to sit on to wait (DOH, 1997).

However, the IRR does not specify any particular bench designs that should be considered. The
provision of benches in bus stops allows commuters to relieve themselves of any stress they may

be experiencing from making their way to the bus stop or carrying their belongings, especially

among the elderly and those with limited mobility (Yucel, 2013). This ultimately provides a

more comfortable waiting experience (Zhang, 2012) leading to satisfaction. In relation to the

HOQ developed in Figure 1.8 above, presence of benches already encompasses other needs, such

as provision of priority & accessible amenities for seniors and PWDs, priortiy waiting areas for

seniors and people with mobility issues, and physical comfort from fatigue as its main objective

is to providecommuters a place to sit and recover. Moreover, it also addresses the need of quality

infrastructures & barriers as benches may set standards and expectations for a quality of

infrastructures (Carmona, 2021).

As for usable signages and trip information, it is revealed that the presence of

information is beneficial to passengers’ satisfaction, especially real-time information (Talbott,

2011). These are helpful in providing the public, which in this case the commuters, with the

necessary information communication system that enables them to travel safely and in an

orderly manner (Sun, 2008). Moreover, they are most important in cases of disruptions in

public transportation services (Cats et al., 2011; Gentile & Noekel, 2016) This is because they

give high predictability which reduces stress leading to better perception of waiting time and

better travel satisfaction (Evans et al., 2002; Gao et al., 2017; Lunke, 2020; Xi et al., 2021).

Hence, signages and trip information must be designed and arranged in a rational way, such

that it eases commuters’ comprehension and reading. Specifically, a well designed bus stop

rider information boards must contain three (3) different information attributes, namely

attractive riding information which can be designed as an individual sign, one-dimensional

information which must be integrated with other information, and must-be information which
meets the basic needs of passengers (Zou et al., 2016). Similar to the bench component,

signages & trip information also encompasses all other needs in the HOQ such as utilities to

support oter in queueing and boarding, as well as the provision of security and safety.

Lastly, landscaping is considered into the design component as well. The current design

of bus stops as observed looks substandard. Hence, it is obvious that it is not inclusive and

contributes to the negative experiences felt by bus commuters. One of which that contributes to

it is the lack of landscaping consideration due it being often neglected by planners (Wei &

Chen, 2017; Sun & Yu, 2018). As such, the different needs attached to it such as weather &

thermal protection, safe & adequate spaces, walkability, protection from pollution, safe &

adequate barriers, and walkability. Several studies have revealed this as Lanza and Durand

(2021) stressed the importance of the shade that trees provide to counteract unbearable heat,

eventually leading to ridership retentions. Furthermore, presence of aesthetically pleasing

natural landscape elements such as trees and greeneries improves thermal comfort perception

(Dzyuban et al., 2021). In terms of safety & security, planting trees and placement of roadside

vegetation can act as natural safety barriers or bollards to protect passengers from traffic and

road-based accidents (Yucel, 2013; Kocur-Bera & Dudzinska, 2015). As for protection from

pollution, Desmukh et al. (2019) reveals that greenery in the form of roadside vegetation that is

thick and has wide coverage has shown to decrease downwind air pollutant reductions by as

much as 50%. Walkability is also promoted as several studies found that people generally

chooses to walk on spacious areas with pleasant landscape such as natural shade from trees and

pavements (Lupala, 2015).

Aside from the independent and dependent variables considered in the framework, a

third variable in the form of a mediating variable is considered. This type of variable is utilized
 to understand the process by which two variables (i.e., bus stop components and commuter

behavioral responses) are significantly related (MacKinnon, 2011). Bus stops are considered

public spaces because they are collective and whole (Tavares et al., 2015) and should have a

quality of openness where everybody is visible and audible (Yilmaz, 2018). Hence, there is a

need for public spaces to incorporate inclusive design, through which they are able to make

everyone feel “welcomed, included, and not discriminated” (Zhou, 2019, p.8). Taking off from

this definition, inclusive bus stops can be operationally defined as public areas where

commuters are welcomed to stay and wait for buses to arrive without feeling excluded and

discriminated. It is suggested by related literature that commuters’ satisfaction level with bus

services plays a significant role in motivating users to patronize and remain, which is

comprised of expectations, perceptions, and demands (Abu Bakar et al., 2022). Other studies

share the same sentiment such as Wang et al. (2020) that urban rail transit service quality has a

positive effect on reuse intention & satisfaction and Ardeshiri et al. (2018) that inclusivity, in

the form of accessibility is a mixture of commuter needs (i.e., comfort, safety, etc.).

On the other hand, the relationship between bus stop components and perceived

inclusivity can also be explored as Lattman et al. (2016) states that improvements in bus stop

components in the form of quality and accessibility is positively related to well-being

(Parkhurst & Meek, 2014) and social inclusion. Moreover, this allow for different facets of the

society to be included in public space for social and physical inclusion (Landman, 2020).

As evidenced by the findings of related studies abroad, further exploration in the

Philippine context is attainable and compelling. Although commuter satisfaction and reuse

intentions have been explored in several transportation service studies (Langi et al., 2020; Wang

et al., 2020), there is still a niche in assessing its relationship with the identified bus stop
components mediated by perceived inclusivity on a bus stop level, especially in the Philippine

public bus transportation context. Inclusivity also plays an important role among public transport

infrastructure as part of its services in improving commuter well-being, leading to travel

satisfaction (He et al., 2020). Hence, considering necessary bus stop components into the

designing stage presents a novel way of solving commuter woes while meeting the different

physical and psychosocial needs15.

7.1. STATEMENT OF THE HYPOTHESIS

Figure 1.10 Statement of Hypotheses

15Refer to Table 1.1.

 H1: There is a significant difference in perceived inclusivity across different

bus stop components.

On the relevance of the bus stop components identified in the conceptual

framework, multiple studies support the notion they they indeed affect commuters’

experiences when using bus stops. Natural surveillance is a popular concept in the subject

of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTD), specifically under the

concept of the defensible-space theory (Sundling & Ceccato, 2022), which states that the

physical design of an environment can discourage crime (Shjarback, 2014). To this

effect, proper landscaping can be a valuable component in the bus stop design, as

allowing commuters a wide field of vision and maintaining proper station upkeep suggest

a safer environment (Lusk, 2001 & Zhang, 2012). Real-time trip information and

signages have been found to be a significant factor that influences commuters’ perceived

accessibility of bus users (Lattman et al., 2016). Aside from providing commuters with

up to date information on trip status and available routes, way-finding signages help

direct commuters towards the stop, thus influencing their perceptions on their ability to

reach their destinations and partake in their activities of choice (Friman et at., 2020 &

Zhang, 2012). Lastly, it has been noted that the provision of benches in bus stops allows

commuters to relieve themselves of any stress they may be experiencing from making

their way to the bus stop or carrying their belongings, especially among the elderly and

those with limited mobility (Yucel, 2013). This ultimately provides a more comfortable

waiting experience (Zhang, 2012).

 H2: There is a significant difference in commuter behavioral response across

different bus stop components.

The direct effect of bus stop components on commuter behavioral responses is

another avenue explored by the conceptual framework. Yucel (2018) appraised the

significance of a number of bus stop components, including seating and signages, on

commuter satisfaction for two bus stops in Istanbul. The results of his analysis showed

that seating was significanclty affected commuter satisfaction in both bus stops, while

signgages significantly affected commuter satisfaction in only one of the bus stops.

Furthermore, Kim et al. (2020) tested the effect of improved bus stops (bus stops with

added shelter, seating, and signages) on bus ridership and found that that the inclusion of

such amenities resulted in a 141% increase in bus ridership. The researchers also stated

that a portion of the 141% could have been pre-existing riders who ended up riding more

often. These findings were later on emulated by Shi et al. (2021), who found that

upgrading the amenities, specifically real-time information systems and shelter, included

in bus stops resulted in a 199.1% and 81.4% increase in alightings respectively.

H3: Perceived inclusivity has a significant impact on commuter behavioral

response.

Lastly, the perceived inclusivity of bus stops, further divided into safety &

security, personal relief & assurance, and accessibility has been found to affect

commuters’ behavioral responses to the bus stop service, particularly their overall

satisfaction and reuse intention. Studies have affirmed that bus stop designs considerate

of commuters’ safety and comfort, among other considerations, can increase rider
satisfaction and reduce perceived wait times, leading to higher reuse intention (Zhang,

2012; Ettema et al., 2012; Ettema et al., 2013 Lagune-Ruetler, 2016). Majumdar et al,

(2021) found that bus-stop safety and security as well as bus-stop accessibility were

among the fators that were significantly associated with daily travel satisfaction (DTS).

These findings align with those of Lattman et al. (2016) and Sukhov et al. (2021), which

suggest that increased perceived accessibility relates to living a more satisfactory life, and

that safety as a service quality attribute is an integral part of commuter satisfaction.

Furthermore, among bus users in Nigeria, comfort was found to be the most influencial

factor in computers’ satisfaction, followed by accessibility (Nwachukwu, 2014).

Regardless of ranking, all three of the components of perceived inclusivity used in the

framework have been found to significantly affect commuter satisfaction.

Studies have also supported the notion that the different components of perceived

inclusivity can influence commuters’ resume intention. Nguyen-Phuoc et al. (2021) found

that perceived safety/security has a signifiant positive effect on the bus service loyalty of

commuters in Vietnam. Ha et al. (2019) arrived at a similar conclusion, stating that safety

and security, and reliability significantly affected both satisfaction and loyalty in public

trasnport in Malaysia. Furthermore, Comfort and cleanness, as a component of service

quality was found by Wang et al. (2020) to have a direct impact on commuters’ reuse

intention.
 8. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Improving the design of bus stops will lead to better perceived satisfaction, waiting time,

safety, and reuse intentions. Therefore, commuters’ negative commute and waiting experiences

may be reduced. This study and its output will benefit various sectors, specifically:

A. Bus Commuters

This study will benefit bus commuters in terms of making their commute and

waiting experience more pleasurable and enjoyable, which may lead to increased reuse

intentions and satisfaction in relation to the country’s public transportation services.

B. National Government, Local Government Units, and Transportation-Related

Agencies

The design output of this study will contribute to the national and local

government's advocacy of making the public transportation system more sustainable and

modern, with which commuters can benefit. Hence, this may push and inspire the

government and agencies to devise more programs and projects that are in favor of the

commuting public. In addition, this may help the government in upholding the rights of

commuters, especially the vulnerable ones (i.e., PWDs and senior citizens).

C. Researchers and Designers

This study opens up possible opportunities for research on designing better public

transportation infrastructures and systems that would benefit commuters. In addition, it

 can serve as a basis for future studies to further explore possible improvements in the

country’s public transportation sector and suggest possible policies.

9. SCOPE & DELIMITATIONS

9.1. SCOPE OF THE STUDY

● The current study covers bus stops in Metro Manila city bus routes, served by

traditional intercity buses, express buses (i.e. P2P bus, BGC bus), and EDSA

Carousel (BRT).

● The direct bus stop stakeholders considered are the commuters and operators (i.e.

bus drivers, conductors, and dispatchers/controllers).

● The qualitative data will be gathered through exploratory interviews, which will

serve as the basis for crafting the survey for QFD.

9.2. STUDY LIMITATIONS

● Measurements of effectiveness of redesigned bus stops are limited to self-reported

ratings, which is to be administered via online survey questionnaire.

● Generation of prototype will be limited to design concepts using AutoCAD as the

end goal of the current study is to assess commuters' perceived satisfaction,

waiting time, safety, and reuse intentions given the feasibility and practicality

constraints of putting up a physical, life-size bus stop.

● The design output of this study are for buses whose services are characterized as

traditional intercity buses, express buses (i.e., P2P bus), and BRT system (i.e.,

EDSA Carousel).
 ● Based on interviews with commuters, design considerations for PWD inclusivity

will be limited to walking disability.

● Prototypes will be limited to mock designs since the ultimate goal of the study is

to assess the impact of bus stop components considered on perceived inclusivity.

Physical construction of a bus stop is not viable due to financial, physical,

feasibility, and logistical constraints.

● Since there are standards in place as mandated by government agencies, it is

assumed that these standards are followed. Hence, the bus stop components

considered in the framework are technical requirements that are not in the local

standards cited but meet commuters’ needs.

9.3. DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

● The study will consider average to frequent commuters of any of the Metro

Manila city bus service types as stated in the scope section of this paper.

● The study does not consider buses with provincial routes.

● The study does not consider the operational aspect of bus service (i.e. scheduling

of buses, optimal number of buses plying through city roads, etc.), rather the

infrastructure aspect.

● Consideration of bus commute time in a day in the initial interviews is treated as

random.

● Land use of bus stops is not included in the current design study as bus stops

considered are the ones placed along high foot traffic areas of Metro Manila16.

16Refer to Figures 1.2 to 1.6.

 ● Any data or information taken outside the mentioned scope is not included in the

study.

10. DEFINITION OF TERMS

Components - technical requirements that are not in the local standards cited but meets bus

commuters’ needs or requirements.

Bus Stop - “are strategically located points or areas within an authorized route that are officially

designated and allocated for pick-up and drop-off passengers” (Department of Transportation,

2017, p. 3).

Inclusive Bus Stop - public areas where commuters are welcomed to stay and wait for buses to

arrive without feeling excluded and discriminated.

Inclusive Public Spaces - spaces designed equally where “everyone should feel welcomed,

included, and not discriminated” (Zhou, 2019, p. 8).

Voice of Customers (VOC) - refers to the implied needs of interviewed bus commuters based on

their interview responses in Appendix 1.

Table 2.1. Philippine Standards for Bus Stop Characteristics and Requirements

Associated Technical
Characteristics Philippine Standards
Requirements

Area/Size Area must be able to accommodate ● Bus Stop Floor Length

a minimum of 30 persons to ● Bus Stop Floor Width
 prevent overcrowding. Any area
where passengers have access to
must be unobstructed.
Recommendations on the size per
range of predicted commuter size
are shown below in Table _.
(DOH, 1997).

Smoothly finished concrete

Flooring Material flooring of the entire stop (DOH, ● Flooring Material
1997).

Bus stops should have one or more

permanent sheds or roofs over to
● Roof Area
Shelters and Roofing protect passengers from the sun
● Roof Height
and rain (DOH, 1997; LTFRB,
2017a)

Sidewalks approaching bus stops

must be a minimum of 2 meters
Walkways and wide alongside the loading bays ● Sidewalk Width
Sidewalks and no lower than than the height ● Curb Height
of existing sidewalks in the area
(DPWH, ).

Laybys of bus stops should be

level on the road and safe for buses
and pedestrians alike to access
(DPWH, 2012).
Layby Areas and ● Layby Area Length
Loading Bays Turnouts, loading bays, and ● Layby Area Width
unloading bays must be between
60 and 185 meters in length with a
minimum width of 3.6 meters
(DPWH, 2012).

Queueing and waiting areas must

be provided in bus stops to prevent
Queueing Area pedestrians from waiting on the ● Queueing Lanes
road or the bus lay-by lane
(DPWH, 2012).

Enough benches and/or seats be

Seating provided for passengers waiting ● Bench Quantity
(DOH, 1997).
 A minimum of 107.6 lux
illumination intensity must be
provided in the bus stops’ pre-
departure area. The lights must be ● Lights Quantity
Lighting
constantly and adequately lit, free ● Light Luminance
from glare, and distributed across
the area to prevent shadows (DOH,
1997).

Natural air supply must not be less

than 0.005 cubic meters per second
for each person. Canopies, air
ducts, or fans should be provided
to maintain reasonable
temperatures of 26.67°C (DOH,
Adequate Ventilation ● Open Air Ventilation
1997).

Adequate ventilation within

waiting areas should be able to
properly eliminate emissions from
buses (DOH, 1997).
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 APPENDIX 1. Interview Profile and Transcriptions

Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 1

Interviewer: So, before I begin the questioning noh, uhh for formalities sake, pakilala ko muna
sarili ko. My name is Endrei Merculo, I am an Industrial Engineering undergrad of De La Salle
University-Manila. Currently, we are conducting a design study on making bus stops within
Metro Manila to make them more inclusive and safe for bus commuters. So, umm… however,
bago namin siya ma-put into design, we have first to understand how commuters behave, ano ba
yung kanilang parang dynamics in commuting, kamusta ba yung experiences nila while
commuting the bus. So, basically, that’s the objective of this interview. We wanted to understand
your experiences as a bus commuter. Before I start noh, do I have your consent to do this
interview?
R1: Yes bro.
Interviewer: Please also do know that all information will be kept confidential. So to begin with
noh, are you an avid commuter?
R1: Yes.
Interviewer: How often? Bigyan kita ng scale. Send ko nalang sa messenger for quick reference.
R1: All right.
Interviewer: There you go.
R1: Uhh slightly frequent.
Interviewer: Ok. What is your purpose for commuting?
R1: Usually if I will commute, going home na din and if I have a tutorial kasi way back… before
I enter the UST, I have tutorial classes or remedial classes that was 3:45-4:45 PM. By that time,
hindi na ako sinusundo ng service ko, so what I do is commute, then to commute going home
and that’s it.
Interviewer: So you’re commuting for going home from your tutorial sessions, noh?
R1: From my school and going to someone’s house na din, depending on where they live.
Interviewer: All right. Are you or do you ride the bus?
R1: Yes, frequently.
Interviewer: Okay…
R1: I used to ride from crossing to Ayala Makati. Specifically, paseo. So, I have uhh classmate
back then na dun siya nakatira and we would do a project there.
Interviewer: When you say paseo, anong paseo ito?
R1: Paseo de Roxas
Interviewer: Sa Laguna ito?
R1: Sa ayala.
Interviewer: Ahh Paseo de Roxas sa makati.
R1: Yes
Interviewer: San ulit ito?
R1: From crossing.
Interviewer: San yun?
R1: Sa may Starmall.
Interviewer: Starmall malapit sa Megamall?
R1: Yes.
Interviewer: Okay, so Starmall to Megamall
Interviewer: Okay so bakit po kayo sumasakay ng bus?
R1: Kapag masikip yung MRT or minsan pag tinatamad umakyat sa MRT station, which is
really high lalo na dun banda sa may EDSA shaw…
Interviewer: mhm
R1: Once you get up there, your legs are already tired. So intstead na mag-MRT ka, you would
just ride the bus to cross EDSA. Then, you can ride the bus there and that’s it.
Interviewer: Okay. So basically, repeat ko lang noh? You ride the bus because its a good
alternative sa MRT? Tama ba?
R1: Yes yes.
Interviewer: Okay, what else? Kumbaga ano pa yung something about buses?
R1: If you would look at it, buses can take you on ano, on a… your place ano? Let’s say makati
ka papasok, so, dun ka nalang ibababa. At least, kung MRT kasi, the only station malapit dun is
ayala, which is near SM Makati. So it is hassle for me to walk that much so I insisted na instead
of walking that long, I’ll ride the bus nalang. At least, they will just unload you there in your
nearest station kasi there are buses na pumapasok sa ayala. Di na siya hassle sa akin, and I can
save time na din
Interviewer: So you’re saying na mas convenient mag-bus?
R1: Yes
Interviewer: So based on your experience, sabi niyo nag cocommute kayo from crossing to
Paseo de Roxas, mga what time kayo sumasakay sa crossing?
R1: Mga hapon?
Interviewer: Mga anong oras?
R1: Mga 1, depende sa schedule ng school ko. If we were dismissed early, I would just ride the
bus dun and dadating ako sa paseo mga 1:30 or even 2 o’clock depending sa traffic.
Interviewer: All right. For the following questions, before I proceed, please try to anwser it as a
ccurate as possible based on your experience. So I would like you to think vividly. So parang i-
harness mo sa memory mo yung particular expereince mo commuting from crossing to Paseo de
Roxas. Describe mo lahat ng nararamdaman, naririnig mo, nakikita mo, when you commuted.
So, I would like to describe your experience from your place of origin to Starmall station or dun
sa may sakayan ng bus sa may crossing.
R1: That’s actually a very good question. The only problem that time is that the side walks there
or bus stations there is super liit. The platform is unsafe and the place [bus stop] yung mismong
paradahan nila, may risk na may snatcher. So pag pupunta ako dun, I would usually place my
bag at the front…
Interviewer: Bakit mo nasabing may risk na may snatcher?
R1: Because there’s no surveillance or cameras sa bus stop mismo. The closest you can get to
are conductors kapag na-snatched ka. Pero, it isn’t effective kasi they would just say na uh
hayaan niyo na sir kasi laging may mga ganyan dito. Mag-ingat nalang next time.
Interviewer: mhm…
R1: And there are also buses na naka pile-up, be harder for you to look which is going to Ayala,
to Baclaran, to Alabang, dahil nakapila ehh… so you have to look on the sign of the bus itself, on
what location are you looking for.
Interviewer: mhm…
R1: Then, you must look and ask for the conductors there outside to which location you are
going. For example, if your going to Paseo, they will just point to the bus itself to where your
destination will be.
Interviewer: ok?
R1: There was one time na may nahanap ako pa-Makati. Bago ako makasakay, may bus na
papaalis na and muntik na ako masagi kasi walang barricade. Good thing, nakaiwas ako. So,
good thing talaga nakaiwas ako then the conductor/driver told me to embark the bus na kasi aalis
na din yung bus. I really held the handle bars there. Once I sat there, it was ok naman. Then, I
even remember yung pinaka nearest na destination from Starmall to Paseo, the conductor there,
yung mismong magsstamp ng ticket mo, they will which location you will go down. Sometimes,
conductor don’t take large amount of money because they would usually say na “boss/kuya,
saktong may barya ka nalang diyan, wala akong pambarya sa pera mo”. So whatever coins I
have, I would just give it to them, Yun yung pambayad ko sa kanila. Then, the trip progress,
parang ano lang sya, mrt lang din, sumisikip nang sumisikip. So, I even remeber the frist time I
rode the bus, I sat near the windows and by that time na dumadami ang pasahero, medyo
sumisikip. Even how the way I go down there, its hard for me to do. Especially in the middle
aisle, piled up nang kaunti. So, when that experience happened to me, it was very stressful na
grabe, ganito pala yung karanasan ko na sumakay ng isang bus na akala ko lang, gaya lang
naman siya ng ano eh, ng maraming pasahero. Yun pala hindi eh kasi nagsisiksikan yung mga
pasahero sa middle aisle. I even experience it and it was harder for me to move the bus. But most
of the time, nakakaupo naman ako so comfortable naman.
Interviewer: mhm…
R1: Pero, pag nakaupo ako near the entrance, di ko na kailangan makipag siksikan. Pero,
minsan, sakto lang naman dami ng tao kaya nakakababa ako nang maayos.
Interviewer: Dun muna tayo sa pre-service sa pag-aantay mo sa bus. So pag-arrive mo dun sa
sakayaan ng bus sa may crossing, can you describe kung ano yung itsura? Environment? How
was the environment? What were you feeling?
R1: By that time na sumakay ako, ano siya, very sunny and mainit. Only the conductors was
calling the passengers to the bus. May ano eh, may mga conductors there na may hawak na cards
that can help the passengers identify where they would be going.
Interviewer: Ok… How about the queues?
R1: Queues were not that piled-up, sakto lang. So, there few people waiting there sa may side-
walk dahil di naman siya rush hour eh. Although, you would have wait for 5-10 mins. Pero
minsan, the conductors will usher you to the bus nalang.
Interviewer: Ok. All right. So inside the bus, do you feel comfortable?
R1: Ahh kahit papaano, yes naman. Aircon naman, though that time, nakaupo naman ako.
Interviewer: Ok. All right. So if you would rate your over-all bus commute experience noh,
based on what you shared to me, what would it be? Scale 1-5, with 1 - extremely unsatisfied; 5 -
being extremely satisfied.
R1: For me 3.
Interviewer: Okay. Bakit? What made you say na 3 siya?
R1: It was ok at first, but once na makapunta ka na ng ayala, dumadami nang onti yung mga
pasahero which can fill the bus. Also, the weather talaga at first, unpleasing siya and that safety
concerns din. Di mo alam katabi mo snatcher or bago ka makasakay nang bus, na-holdup ka na
kasi walang security dun. You won’t know if someone will grab your things. Stressful because it
is very hard for you to access the bus. Also, platforms are unsafe, kaya medyo nakakastress din.
Interviewer: All right.
Interviewer: Okay. Ughh my following questions would be demographics nalang.
Interviewer: What is your age?
R1: 19 turning 20 this year.
Interviewer: What is your occupation?
R1: Student
Interviewer: Where do you live?
R1: Pasig City
Interviewer: Ok. that ends our interview. Thank you so much oliver. Please do know that all
information provided will be treated with utmost confidentiality. Thanks!

Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 2

Interviewer: Hi kuya __! Before I begin, for formalities sake, lang. My name is Endrei Merculo,
I am an Industrial Engineering undergrad of De La Salle University-Manila. Currently, my team
and I are conducting a design study on making bus stops within Metro Manila more inclusive
and safe for our bus commuters. So, the goal here really is to understand how commuters behave,
ano ba yung kanilang parang dynamics in commuting, ano ba yung mgakaranasan nila while
commuting the bus. Please also do know that all information that you will be providing will be
treated with utmost confidentiality. Any information you provide will be strictly confidential. So,
do I have your consent?
R2: Yes naman.
Interviewer: So are you an avid commuter?
R2: Yes.
Interviewer: How often? Bigyan kita ng scale. Send ko nalang sa messenger for quick reference.
R2: All right.
Interviewer: There you go.
R2: Ahh frequently, like almost every day.
Interviewer: Ok. What is your purpose for commuting?
R2: Primarily, si kuya King mo, nag-cocommute to go to work. Minsan, pag weekend, pang-
gala. Wala naman kasi akong kotse kaya, commute ako.
Interviewer: All right. Do you ride the bus?
R2: Of course.
Interviewer: Gaano kadalas?
R2: Ahh using the same scale ba?
Interviewer: Yes.
R2: Ahh frequently din.
Interviewer: Ok. So bakit bus? Why do you ride the bus?
R2: Number one, mas comfortable siya noh.
Interviewer: Ok…
R2: May ma-uupuan ka sa loob, less na makakakuha ka ng pollution. Number two, mas malamig
compares to jeep. Number three, mas mabilis kaysa sa jeep na 30-45 minutes travel time. Also,
convinient siya for me.
Interviewer: Ok. Ano yung route na kadalasan na tinatake mo or like ano yung recent route na
tinake mo?
R2: Kadalasan na tiantake ko is from Alabang to Bicutan na route.
Interviewer: Usually mga anong oras mo tinatake yung route na ito?
R2: Ahh in the evening. Pauwi na ako neto. Mga 8PM.
Interviewer: Tapos around what time ka nakakarating nang Bicutan?
R2: Mga 8:30PM, depende sa traffic. Minsan, mga 9pm.
Interviewer: Okay. So yung mga susunod ko na mga tanong kuya King, I would like you to
think aloud. I would request you to reminisce this commute experience, like yung commute mo
from Bicutan to Alabang. Describe to me what you saw, feel, hear, smell, ano yung mga
emosyon mo and all. Be vivid with your descriptions.
R2: All right.
Interviewer: All right. So, for my first question, can you describe to me your experience going
to the bus station until you embarked on the bus.
R2: Ok. Going to the station is hassle because I walk.
Interviewer: mhm…
R2: Di ka pa nakakasakay ng bus, nasasagap mo na yung mga pollution, yung usok mula sa
tambutso ng mga sasakyan. Kahit naka-mask ka na, nalalanghap mo pa din.
Interviewer: Ok…
R2: Second, dangerous kasi maraming holdapers and snatchers. Hindi mo namamalayan, habang
naglalakad ka or nag-aantay, may nag-snatch na pala ng gamit mo nang hindi mo naramdaman.
So, medyo scary siya kasi wala ding security or like cctv. Third, maraming tao. Sobrang hassle
mag-commute kasi nakikipag-agawan ka sa tao. Plus, yung restrictions medyo na-uundermine
kasi iba’t-ibang klase ng tao ang nakakasalamuha mo at hindi spacious yung bus stop, so I feel
anxious at the same time. Baka makahawa ako ng covid sa bahay. Third, naaawa ako sa mga
senior kasi wala silang maupuan at minsan. Hindi rin siya PWD friendly kasi walang mauupuan
at walang mga sign boards for prioritization. Kaya, goodluck talaga sa kanila tuwing sasakay ng
bus, lalo na kapag rush hour.
Interviewer: How about naman yung boarding kamusta?
R2: Ahh ayun, medyo siksikan at agawan kayo kasi kung ikaw man nandun, gustong-gusto mo
nang makauwi diba? Pero at the same time, boarding the bus is masaya kasi comfortable ka pag-
sakay mo, like makakaupo ka. Malamig pati.
Interviewer: Okay. So kamusta naman experience mo pag-sakay mo sa bus? Like in-transit ka
na papunta sa destination mo. Kamusta ang ride?
R2: It’s so fun, most especially if you are seated.
Interviewer: Can you elaborate?
R2: You get to do things like meditating, think about things in life. Dami mo pwedeng isipin
dahil komportable ka, at panatag loob mo kasi makakaupo ka.
Interviewer: Bakit? Lahat ba ng tao nakaupo? Walang nakatayo?
R2: On my experience walang nakatayo. Lahat nakaupo kaya masaya. Pero, may mga times
naman may mga nakatayo. Although, mas pinipili ko na umupo para comfortable. Plus, I get to
enjoy yung lamig dahil air conditioned. Also, I get to pray kaya ok yung ride. Medyo hassle lang
kasi matagal travel time kapag traffic. Pero overall, ok naman.
Interviewer: Ok. Kamusta naman yung pag-disembark mo from the bus? Like nakarating ka na
sa istasyon mo.
R2: Sobranghassle kasi ang babaab sa Bicutan ay sa may overpass… sa may lower Bicutan.
Mag-ooverpass pa ako para makatawid sa mga sakayan ng jeep. Plus, pag medyo puno yung bus,
hassle kasi siksikan.
Interviewer: Ok. If you would be rating your overall bus commute experience, what score
would you give it from 1 to 5? 1 being extremely unsatisfied and 5 being extremely satisfied.
R2: Ahh mga 2.
Interviewer: Bakit? Why would you give it a score of 2?
R2: Although comfortable ako sa bus ride, bago ka pa man makasakay, pagod ka na kaka-antay
at sa pakikipag-unahan sa tao para lang makasakay. During this experience, I waited for around
15-20 minutes. Medyo matagal na siya considering na pagod ka na sa work mo. Ang gusto mo
nalang talaga is makauwi na. Also, pinagpapawisan ako nang malala kapag mainit. Ang weird
nga ehh kasi gabi na, maninit pa. Kaya, I would give it a 2.
Interviewer: Ok. The succeeding questions are just demographic question, so just bear with me.
Patapos na din yung interview hehe.
R2: Ok go lang.
Interviewer: What is your age?
R2: 31 years old.
Interviewer: What is your occupation?
R2: Marketer
Interviewer: Where do you live? Kahit city lang.
R2: Paranaque City.
Interviewer: All right. So that ends our interview session. Thank you so much for participating
in this interview session. Please do note that all of your responses will be kept confidential and
will be used only for the purpose of this study.

Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 3

Interviewer: Hello Jennelle! Kamusta?
R3: Ok naman.
Interviewer: All right. That’s good to hear. So, before I will just introduce myself for
formalities. My name is Endrei Merculo, I am an Industrial Engineering undergrad of De La
Salle University-Manila. Currently, my team and I are conducting a design study on making bus
stops within Metro Manila more inclusive and safe for our bus commuters. So, the goal is to
understand how commuters behave and ti understand yung mga experiences nila commuting via
bus. Please also do know that all information that you will be providing will be treated with
utmost confidentiality. Any information you provide will be strictly confidential. So, do I have
your consent?
R3: Yep.
Interviewer: Ok. So first question, are you an avid commuter?
R3: Yes.
Interviewer: How often? Bigyan kita ng scale. Send ko nalang sa messenger for quick reference.
Send ko nalang sa messenger mo.
R3: All right.
Interviewer: There you go.
R3: Frequently.
Interviewer: Ok. What is your purpose for commuting?
R3: Going to school or going to my ojt company.
Interviewer: All right. Sumasakay ka ba ng bus?
R3: Yes
Interviewer: Gaano kadalas? Using the same scale.
R3: Ahh average.
Interviewer: Ok. So bakit ka sumasakay ng bus?
R3: I choose bus because its cheaper.
Interviewer: Ok…
R3: If I ride the jeep, mas nakakapagod kasi mas maraming sakay. If I ride the bus, mas malapit
dun yung location or destination na pupuntahan ko.
Interviewer: Ok. What else? What made you choose to ride the bus?
R3: Ahh kasi aircon siya. Comfortable din and convenient for me.
Interviewer: Ok. What else?
R3: Ughh… yun lang hehe.
Interviewer: All right. What is the recent route you took or like ano yung madalas na tinatake
mo na route?
R3: Uhh.. yung sa may Ayala pauwi sa amin sa Muntinlupa.
Interviewer: Orayt. Whe you took that route, mga anong oras yun?
R3: Mga gabi yun, mga 6PM.
Interviewer: Ok. Anong oras ka nakarating sa Muntinlupa?
R3: Depende sa traffic ehh. Pero, kadalasan mga 7PM.
Interviewer: All right. For the next questions, I would like you to think aloud. Gusto ko, maging
vivid ka sa mga descriptions mo. Like, i-harness mo itong particular commute experience from
your memory, tapos sabihin mo sa akin like what you saw, what you felt, what are your
observations, what you smelled, all that. Basta, be descriptive enough.
R3: Ok.
Interviewer: Sige. So, for the first question, can you describe me your experience going to
Ayala station and waiting to ride for the bus.
R3: We ride a taxi going to Ayala station mula sa church namin sa Makati.
Interviewer: Ok. Gaano katagal yung sakay niyo sa taxi?
R3: Mga 15-20 minutes yun.
Interviewer: Ok. Once na nakarating kayo sa Ayala station, kamusta ang ambiance?
R3: Ahh… hindi maganda yung ambiance kasi mausok at madilim. Nakakatakot din siya kasi
baka mamaya, di mo mamalayan na nanakawan ka na pala ng gamit or may hoholdap sayo.
Interviewer: Ok. Kamusta naman yung waiting experience mo if nag-wait ka?
R3: Ahh nag-antay kami ng mom ko that time. Nakatayo kami at mag-aabang ka. Yung weather,
napakainit kasi wala talagang physical bus stop doon.
Interviewer: Ok. Ano pa? Ano pa mga experiences mo?
R3: Umm… ayun, nakakangalay at nakakapagod din kasi wala kang maupuan for 15-20
minutes. Also, pag medyo kailangan mo ng emergency, walang malapit na CR. Babalik ka pa sa
mall, so malayo iikutan mo. Yun lang
Interviewer: All right. Kamusta naman yung boarding experience mo?
R3: Pag sasakay ka na sa bus, makikipag-unahan ka, lalo na pag-rush hour. Tulakan, minsan
matutumba ka at hindi ka makahinga nang maayos pag nakikipag-unahan. Syempre gusto nang
umuwi ng tao kaya ayun.
Interviewer: All right. Can you now describe to me your experience riding the bus, kumbaga
nakasakay ka na sa bus and en-route ka na sa destination mo, sa Muntinlupa.
R3: Ok naman kasi nakaupo ka. Pag nakatayo ka naman, nakakapagod siya kasi matagal kang
nakatayo hanggang sa makarating ka Muntinlupa.
Interviewer: Ok. Kamusta naman yung ambiance?
R3: Ok naman yung temperature kasi naka aircon yung bus. Minsan, nakaka-idlip ako sa loob
tapos gigisingin nalang ako ng mom ko pag nakarating na kami sa Muntinlupa.
Interviewer: All right. Kamusta naman yung pag-baba mo ng bus?
R3: Ok naman kapag hindi gaanong puno. Pag masikip, medyo matagal bumaba kasi maraming
nakaharang na tao.
Interviewer: So, given your bus commute experience, anong score ang i-rarate mo from 1 to 5?
1 being extremely unsatisfied and 5 being extremely satisfied.
R3: I would give it 2.
Interviewer: Why?
R3: Kasi matagal makuwi and siksikan. Unahan pa. Pag-sakay mo sa bus, pahinga na kasi pagod
ka kaka-antay. Also, medyo nakaka-kaba kasi security reasons din. Parang medyo di safe.
Interviewer: Bakit nakaka-kaba?
R3: Kasi wala naman security doon… walang ilaw at camera kaya malakas ang loob ng mga
magnanakaw.
Interviewer: All right. For the following questions, I will just ask demographic questions. Will
that be ok?
R3: Ok go lang.
Interviewer: What is your age?
R3: 22
Interviewer: Occupation?
R3: Student
Interviewer: Where do you live?
R3: Muntinlupa City
Interviewer: All right. So that ends our interview session. Thank you so much for participating
in this interview session. Please do note that all of your responses will be kept confidential and
will be used only for the purpose of this study. Thank you again Jennelle!
Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 4
Interviewer: Hello po Nanay _! Kamusta po kayo?
R4: Ayy mabuti naman iho.
Interviewer: All right po nay. So, bago po tayo mag-proceed sa interview proper, introduce ko
lang po muna sarili ko for formalities. Ako po is Endrei Merculo, Industrial Engineering
undergrad student po ako ng De La Salle University-Manila. Ngayon po, meron po kasi kaming
cinoconduct na thesis, na ang topic ay ang pag-dedesign bus stops sa Metro Manila. Ang
objective po namin dito ay para gawin silang inclusive and safe para sa mga bus commuters.
Para magawa po namin yun, kailangan po namin na maintindihan ang behavior ng mga
commuters at yung kanilang mga karanasan. Also po, dahil strict compliant po kami sa Data
Privacy Act of 2012, lahat po ng information na ipoprovide niyo po ay private at confidential, at
gagamitin lang po para sa study namin. So, ppwede na po ba tayo magpatuloy sa ating interview?
R4: Yes.
Interviewer: Ok po. So first question po, lagi po ba kayong nagcocommute?
R4: Yes.
Interviewer: Gaano po kadalas. Bigyan ko po kayo ng scale.
R4: Ok.
Interviewer: Ayan po (shows the scale).
R4: Ahh average lang.
Interviewer: Ok. What is your purpose for commuting?
R4: Going to church, o kaya mamamasyal kami ng mga anak at kamag-anak.
Interviewer: All right. Sumasakay po ba kayo ng bus?
R4: Yes.
Interviewer: Gaano po kadalas? Using the same scale.
R4: Ahh average lang din.
Interviewer: All right. So bakit po kayo sumasakay ng bus?
R4: Kasi mas komportable.
Interviewer: Ok. Ano pa po?
R4: Ahh… malamig siya kasi naka-airon.
Interviewer: mhm…
R4: Makakaupo ka. Atsaka, mas mura kaysa sasakay ako sa jeep na mas mahirap sumakay.
Masikip sa loob. Ayaw ko nang maisikip na sasakyan.
Interviewer: Ok. Bakit niyo po nasabing mura?
R4: Kasi, kumpara sa jeep, mas malayo yung nararating nung bus. Tsaka, sa jeep, nakakapagod
dahil yuyuko ka pag aakyat o bababa, ehh senior na ako iho.
Interviewer: All right po. Ano po yung madalas niyong tahakin na ruta? O yung ruta na laging
niyo dinadaanan?
R4: Ahh yung sa may guadalupe, yung ilalim ng MRT bridge tapos papuntang ortigas sa may
SM Megamall.
Interviewer: EDSA carousel po ba ito?
R4: Yes.
Interviewer: All right. Mga anong oras po ito nung nag-commute kayo?
R4: Uhh… mga alas-singko ng hapon yun.
Interviewer: Uhh ok. Mga anong oras po kayo nakakarating sa may ortigas?
R4: Mga 5:30PM yun.
Interviewer: Ok po. Bago po ako magpatuloy sa mga susunod na tanong, uhh… gusto ko po na
sagutin niyo yung mga tanong nang buong katapatan. Kumbaga, try niyo pong alalahanin based
sa experience niyo ng pag-cocommute ng EDSA bus. Alalahanin niyo po kung ano yung mga
nakita niyo, ano yung mga naramdaman niyo nung nag-commute kayo, ano po yung ambiance,
ganun po. Maari po ba yun?
R4: Ok.
Interviewer: All right po. So, first question ko po, ilarawan niyo po sa akin kung ano yung uhhh
naging karanasan niyo nung kayo ay papunta dun sa isatasyon sa may Guadalupe.
R4: Galing sa bahay ba?
Interviewer: Yes po.
R4: Ok. Noong mga oras na yan, nasa Mandaluyong kasi ako. Kasama ko yung uhhh panganay
na anak ko at yung mga apo ko. Bale yung buong pamilya niya.
Interviewer: Ok po.
R4: Nag-jeep kami mula sa bahay nila sa may Kalentong papunta doon sa may guadalupe mall.
Yung katabi nung Jollibee. Dun na kami bumaba kasi bawal daw jeep sa EDSA. Pagkababa
namin, kailangan pa namin umakyat sa overpass, papuntang MRT station.
Interviewer: Kamusta po yung pagpunta niyo sa MRT station?
R4: Aba’y nakakapagod! Kasi medyo pataas yun at medyo madaming tao din.
Interviewer: Ok…
R4: So, umakyat kami para makababa kami dun sa may gitna, yung station nung EDSA bus.
Pagdating namin doon, uhh medyo madami yung tao, halos siksikan kayo kasi makipot yung bus
stop. Atsaka, weekend kasi nun kaya medyo madami.
Interviewer: Ok po. What else pa po? Kamusta po yung weather at ambiance?
R4: Ayy sobrang init nun!
Interviewer: Pero may bubong na po doon diba?
R4: Oo may bubong naman. Pero mainit pa din. Kulob kasi yung init dun. Lalo na summer nun
kaya mainit talaga. Naalala ko panay paypay ako sa sarili ko. Muntik pa akong mahilo nun kasi
nag-antay kami ng mga 10-15 minutes yun. Isa pa, wala akong maupuan dun. Dapat mayroon
doon, lalo na para sa mga senior kasi ang layo ng nilakad namin mula doon sa pinagbaban ng
jeep papunta dun sa istasyon. Kaya pagdating doon, medyo hingal ako at kailangan kong maupo
ng sandali.
Interviewer: Kaso po wala pong upuan doon. Tama po ba?
R4: Oo.
Interviewer: So ano pong ginawa niyo na pahinga?
R4: Wala. Tiniis ko nalang kasi 10 minutes lang naman din ako nag-antay. Pero kung matagal
akong mag-aantay, kailangan ko talaga nun lalo na’t masakit likod ko. Maiirita ka talaga pag
matagal kang mag-aantay tapos wala kag maupuan.
Interviewer: Ok po. Ano pa po? Kamusta po yung pagsakay niyo sa bus?
R4: Pagsakay, medyo delikado kasi, pagmamadaliin ka at sa harap ka ng bus dadaan kasi nasa
kabilang side yung pinto. Eh senior na ako, dapat mag-antay sila kasi di ko kaya magmadali na
lakad. Pero, makakaupo ka naman sa loob ng bus.
Interviewer: Ehh kamusta naman po nung nakaupo na kayo sa bus?
R4: Ahh kmportable. Naka-aircon ka tapos dun ako pinapaupo malapit sa exit.
Interviewer: Ano pa po?
R4: Ahh nakaupo ka. Makakapagpahinga ka saglit.
Interviewer: Ok po. Kamusta naman po yung pag-baba niyo sa bus? Kumbaga nakatrating na po
kayo dun sa istasyon na bababaan niyo.
R4: Ahh ganun din. Bababa ako tapos dadaan ako dun sa harap ng bus kasi malapit dun yung
parang pasukan ng istasyon. Minsan, di pa ako nakakatawid doon sa station, umaandar na nang
onti yung bus.
Interviewer: Ok po. Base po sa mga sinabi niyo sa aking mga karanasan niyo po, para po sa
inyo, kung bibigyan niyo ng grado yung commute niyo, ano pong ibibigay niyo? 1 to 5, 1 kapag
di kayo satisfied, 5 naman po kapag satisfied kayo.
R4: Ahh 2 lang ibibigay ko.
Interviewer: Bakit po?
R4: Ehh kasi, yung station di siya senior friendly at medyo mahirap matuntun. Maganda sana
kung may mauupua ka dun. Isa pa, sana mayroon silang electric fan dun para presko. Kasi,
maninit talaga dun.
Interviewer: Ok po. Mayroon pa po ba kayong idadagdag?
R4: Ahh ayun lang naman.
Interviewer: Ok po. Yung mga susunod ko pong mga tanong, mga demographic questions lang
po. So pakisagot nalang po.
R4: Ok.
Interviewer: Ilang taon na po sila?
R4: I am 60 years old.
Interviewer: Ano po ang okupasyon niyo?
R4: Uhh retired/housewife.
Interviewer: Saan po kayo nakatira?
R4: Paranaque City.
Interviewer: All right. So, yun lang po ang aking mga tanong. Basta lahat po ng mga sinabi niyo
po dito ay para lang sa study namin at hindi po ikakalat o ibibigay kahit kanino man. Salamat po
Nay!
Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 5
Interviewer: Good Evening po Sir _? Tama po ba yung name? Hehe
R5: Yes correct naman. By the way, ano pala name mo?
Interviewer: Ahh Endrei Mercullo po, from De La Salle po.
R5: Ahh okay okay.
Interviewer: All right po. So good evening po Sir _. First of all po, I would like to thank you po
for accepting my invitation to do this interview po… as in, malaking tulong po talaga ito sa study
namin hehe
R5: Ahh yes no problem naman hehe… Would be more willing to help.
Interviewer: All right po. So before I begin po, inform ko lang po kayo about the goal of our
study po. So yung objective po kasi ng team ko is to understand the experiences of bus
commuter. Like, we want po to fully immerse ourselves sa kung ano po ba yung karanasan ng
ating bus commuters, which makakatulong po sa pag-dedesign po ng bus stop. Please also do
know po pala that all information that you will be providing will be treated with utmost
confidentiality and will solely be used po for this study or for academic purposes. So, do I have
your consent po Sir Joel?
R5: Yes.
Interviewer: All right po. So, avid commuter po ba kayo? Bigyan ko po kayo ng scale.
Infrequent po kapag 1x-2x lang po kayo nagcocommute per month. Slightly Infrequent naman po
kapag 3x-5x every per moneth. Average naman po kapag 1once every week. Slightly Frequent
kapag twice or thrice po every week. Frequently naman po kapag almost everyday.
R5: Ahh frequent. Halod everyday ako nag-cocommute.
Interviewer: Ok po. Ano po ang purpose nila for commuting?
R5: Ahh going to work. Pag sunday naman, pupunta ng church and for leisure na din. Wala kasi
kaming kotse kaya ang primary mode of transpo ko is commute.
Interviewer: All right po. Nag-bubus po ba kayo?
R5: Yes.
Interviewer: Gaano po kadalas? Using the same scale po.
R5: Frequent din.
Interviewer: So bakit po kayo nag-bubus? I mean bakit po lagi?
R5: Yun jeep kasi, may problem sila.
Interviewer: mhm…
R5: May problem sila sa franchise; dinidiscontinue na yung ating mga jeeps kasi luma na. So,
bus is my option.
Interviewer: Ok…
R5: Availability din. Sa grab kasi, namimili na din ang mga drivers at yung waiting time para
makakuha ng driver is matagal. Kahit angkas, mahirap na.
Interviewer: Ok. So in away, tama po ba understanding ko na pinipili niyo po bus kasi mas
convenient siya?
R5: Yes. Kahit siksikan, okay lang, and reliable kasi siya.
Interviewer: All right po. Ano po yung recent route na tinake niyo or yung madalas niyo po i-
take?
R5: Uhh yung sa may Cubao, yung sa may Anonas, 15th ave.
Interviewer: uhuh…
R5: Papunta sa Eastwood sa C5.
Interviewer: Ok po. Mga anong oras po ito?
R5: Uhh mga umaga yan. Mga 5AM.
Interviewer: Anong oras po kayo nakakarating sa Eastwood?
R5: Mga 5:30-5:45 AM.
Interviewer: Ang aga po pala hehe
R5: Yes… kasi kapag late na ako umalis, malalate ako sa work. Madami pa naman tao ang
nagcocommute sa ruta ko.
Interviewer: All right po. So for the following questions po, bago ako magpatuloy noh, I would
like you to think vividly. Kumbaga, I want you to reminisce every detail of your commute
experience, from Cubao to Eastwood. Sabihin niyo po sa akin kung ano yung mga observations
niyo, feelings felt, ano po naaamoy niyo, everything. Kumbaga, you have to think aloud po. So
for my first question po is, can you describe to me your experience po before you ride the bus?
Like your waiting experience?
R5: Waiting time 5-15 minutes. Mataas naman yung frequency of bus. Minsan may jeep naman
dun, pero pag puno na, hindi na ako sumasakay.
Interviewer: Ok. Im assuming na medyo pa-rush hour na po ito? Tama po ba?
R5: Yes, and puno kapag rush hour. Minsan, kapag naulan, medyo magulo [at] need ko
magpayong. Mababasa ka talaga kasi maliit lang yung stop dun. Ehh minsan madami tao doon.
Kaya ayun. Isa pa, walang mga sign or information board kaya minsan, pag baguhan ng
commuter, nagtatanong.
Interviewer: Ok. Ano pa po?
R5: Ahh yung pollution, nasasagap din like yung usok mula sa sasakyan.
Interviewer: How about naman po in terms sa lighting and security, kamsuta po?
R5: Di siya mailaw. Yung ilaw nanggagaling lang sa meralco na poste, yung orange na light.
Kung may ilaw man, its for the vehicles and not for the pedestrians. In terms of safety, ang
daming elements.
Interviewer: What do you mean po by andaming elements?
R5: May mga natutulog sa kalsada, like yung mga homeless. Safety is an issue for me kasi baka
manakawan ako, given nga na may mga elements dun.
Interviewer: Ok. Kamusta naman po yung pag-sakay niyo sa bus?
R5: For the boarding, parang normal na sakay lang. Minsan mahirap kapag puno. Also, not
friendly pala for seniors and PWDs yung station. Wala man lang ramp or like safety railings para
ma-assist sa pag-akyat ang mga seniors and PWDs. But yeah, overall ok naman pagsakay ko.
Interviewer: Ok po. Can you describe po your experience inside the bus.
R5: Inside the bus, pag nakatayo ka, nakakangalay. Minsan, kapag malas na late ako, masikip at
di siya comfortable. Pero, kadalasan, dahil maaga ako, nakakaupo naman ako sa loob and
comfortable naman. Aircon din naman so conducive din for resting.
Interviewer: All right. How about po yung pag-disembark niyo po?
R5: IInform ka naman kung may bababa na. They would tell you na malapit ka na dito and mag-
sisignal na bababa na kayo.
Interviewer: All right po. So given your experience po, if you would rate it from 1-5, 1 being
extremely unsatisfied and 5 being purely satisfied, what would it be and why?
R5: Ahh ⅖. Kasi, a lot to improve on, but it gets the job done.
Interviewer: Can you specify po what is to be improved on?
R5: Ahh first of all yung stop. Like I said, medyo unsafe and not friendly sa mga senior and
PWD. Also, need ng protection from weather, elements, and even the pollution. Imagine if
everyday ka nagcocommute tapos sagap mo yung usok.
Interviewer: All right po. So for my next questions po, demographics lang po. What is your
age?
R5: 33.
Interviewer: Occupation?
R5: Cruise consultant.
Interviewer: Where do you live?
R5: Antipolo City.
Interviewer: All right po. That ends our interview session. Thank you so much po Sir _! Rest
assured po that all information obtained will be kept confidential.
R5: All right thank you din. I hope I was able to give the answers you are looking for. Thanks!
Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 6
Interviewer: Hello po! Maaari ko po ba kayong mainterview for our thesis?
R6: Tungkol saan?
Interviewer: Ahh regarding po sa thesis namin about sa pag-dedesign ng bus stop.
R6: Ahh okay matagal ba?
Interviewer: Ahh mabilis lang po hehe
R6: Sige.
Interviewer: All right po. So good evening po sa inyo. First of all po, maraming salamat po for
accepting my invitation to do this interview po, kahit nandito po tayo sa labas. As in, malaking
tulong po talaga ito sa study namin hehe… All right po. So before I begin po, inform ko lang po
kayo about the goal of our study po. So yung objective po kasi ng team ko is to understand yung
mga experiences ng bus commuters sa pagcocommute. Like, we want to fully understand po
yung commute experiences niyo overall mula sa pag-aantay ng bus hanggang sa makarating po
kayo sa point of destination niyo. Makakatulong po kasi ito sa aming study. In relation po sa data
privacy act, pinapaalala lang po namin that all information that you will be providing will be
treated with utmost confidentiality and will solely be used po for this study or for academic
purposes. So, do I have your consent po in doing this interview?
R6: Yes.
Interviewer: All right po. So, first question ko po is, avid commuter po ba kayo? Bigyan ko po
kayo ng scale. Infrequent po kapag 1x-2x lang po kayo nagcocommute per month. Slightly
Infrequent naman po kapag 3x-5x every per moneth. Average naman po kapag 1once every
week. Slightly Frequent kapag twice or thrice po every week. Frequently naman po kapag almost
everyday.
R6: Ahh frequent.Everyday naman ako nag-cocommute.
Interviewer: Ok po. Ano po ang purpose nila for commuting?
R6:.Ahh papunta sa work. Nagtatrabaho kasi ako sa isang bank branch dito.
Interviewer: All right. Ano po ba ang kanilang work dun?
R6: Accounting staff po ako dun.
Interviewer: All right po. Sumasakay po ba kayo ng bus?
R6: Yes.
Interviewer: Gaano po kayo kadalas na sumasakay sa bus?
R6: Ahh frequent din. Everyday.
Interviewer: Bakit po kayo sumasakay ng bus?
R6:.Wala kaming sasakyan.
Interviewer: Ano pa po?
R6: Uhh mas mura siya. May aircon at komportable.
Interviewer: Ok po.
R6: Pero minsan, nag-hahabal ako pag nagmamadali.
Interviewer: Bakit po habal-habal?
R6: Kasi pag mahaba pila, at gusto ko nang umuwi, magbabayad nalang ako para sa haba-habal.
May mga nag-aalok naman sa amin lalo na kapag rush hour.
Interviewer: Okay po. Pero, kadalasan po, bus po talaga sinasakyan kasi convenient at yun lang
po ang transpo dito sa BGC? Tama po ba?
R6:.Yes po.
Interviewer: All right. Papunta saan po kayo mula sa station natin dito?
R6: Uhh pabalik nang Ayala station.
Interviewer: All right po. Madalas po ba mga ganitong oras po kayo nag-cocommute?
R6: Yes po.
Interviewer: Ok. Para po sa mga susunod kong mga tanong, gusto ko po kayo na mag-think
aloud. Kumbaga, try to reminisce every detail that you commonly observe, experience, and feel
po every time na nag-cocommute po kayo via bus. Bale paki-alala po lahat. Ok… so, my
question is, pwede niyo po bang ilarawan sa akin yung experience niyo habang nag-aantay para
sa bus?
R6: Minsan, madali, minsan mahirap. Like ngayon, rush hour at matagal makasakay.
Interviewer: Ok po. Ano po nararamdaman niyo?
R6: Lagi akong pagod kasi walang maupuan at nakatayo ka ng 30 minutes to 1 hr. Tapos,
nakaka-boring kasi wala akong ginagawa kundi mag-antay lang.
Interviewer: Ok… Pansin ko po parang tent lang yung parang station. Papaano po kapag naulan
or tirik yung araw?
R6: Ok po. Kapag naulan nababasa ako kasi walang maayos na waiting shed. Hindi sapat yung
payong na dala ko. Lalo na kapag umaangge yung ulan. Kapag mainit naman, pag-papawisan ka.
As in pati yung hangin, mainit din. Kaya no choice kundi tiisin nalang. Isa pa, wala masyadong
ilaw, yung ilaw lang sa poste, eh di naman sapat.
Interviewer: All right po. So over all po, ano po nararamdaman niyo sa pag-aantay?
R6: Uhh naiinis ako sa tagal ng bus. Nakakairita din kasi wala kang maupuan habang nag-
aantay. Nakakangalay din pag nakatayo nang sobrang tagal. Tapos minsan, kapag may
nagtatanong kung anong station ito, minsan i-sesearch pa namin sa internet kasi walang sign
board. Maganda sana kung may placcard.
Interviewer: Ok po. Kamusta naman po kapag pasakay na kayo at nasa loob na po kayo ng bus?
R6: Uhh maginhawa ang pakiramdam kasi makakaupo ka. Mas komportable kaysa sa labas.
Interviewer: Bakit po mas kmportable kaysa sa labas?
R6: Kasi aircon sa loob. Malamig at makakapagpahinga ka kahit onti.
Interviewer: Ok. How about po yung pag-akyat niyo sa bus, ok naman? Hindi naman kayo
nahihirapan or something?
R6:.Uhh hindi naman mahirap pag-akyat sa bus. Yung parang normal na akyat lang.
Interviewer: Ok po. Kamusta naman po yung pagbaba niyo nang bus? Kumbaga nakarating na
po kayo dun sa destination niyo.
R6: Siksikan ang pagbaba. Pero, okay lang kasi nagmamadali ang mga tao na makauwi. Kahit
din naman ako, magmamadali akong umuwi.
Interviewer: All right po. Kung bibigyan niyo po ng score yung commute experience niyo, from
1 to 5, 1 being extremely unsatisfied and 5 being purely satisfied, ano po ang ibibigay niyo?
R6: Ahh 2.
Interviewer: Bakit po?
R6: Kasi, nakakainis dahil walang upuan. Kaysa sa mag-conserve ka ng energy, nasasayang sa
kakatayo. Plus, parang walang care para sa mga pedestrian at commuters kasi kapag naulan,
kailangan mo pa ng payong. Ehh pano kung wala kang payong? Tsaka, minsan, nasisiraan yung
bus, kaya minsan matagal. Pero, madalang lang yun.
Interviewer: Ok po. Sa mga susunod ko po na mga tanong, mga demographics lang po.
R6:.Ilang taon na po sila?
Interviewer: 24 years old.
R6: Ok po. Ano po ang occupation nila?
Interviewer: Accounting Staff.
R6: Saan po sila nakatira?
Interviewer: Quezon City.
R6: All right po. So yun lang po mga tanong ko. Please do know again po na confidential lahat
po ng info na binigay niyo po. Maraming salamat po uli!
Interviewer: Ok.
Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 7
Interviewer: Are you a regular commuter, and how often do you commute? Once or twice a
month, three to five times a month, once a week, or everyday?
R7: Around five times a week when I commute to class and to go home.
Interviewer: What form of transportation do you use to commute going to class?
R7: I take the jeep to go to the bus which drops me off near the university.
Interviewer: Do you take the bus each day that you commute?
R7: Yes, twice a day for when I go to class.
Interviewer: Why do you choose to take the bus for transportation?
R7: I cannot drive and it is the only way that goes straight to Manila from Las Pinas area near
where I live.
Interviewer: Are there any other reasons why you prefer the bus?
R7: It’s more affordable for a student and can take you further compared to a jeep.
Interviewer: How about some things that you think could be better when riding a bus?
R7: Mediyo gulo kasi when I try to ride the bus especially during rush hour and it’s hard to wait
when there are a lot of people.
Interviewer: So you’re saying it’s chaotic when you try to ride a bus?
R7: Usually only when it’s busy, but the times that I ride the bus usually are.
Interview: What did you mean when you said it’s hard to wait for the bus when there’s a lot of
people?
R7: The waiting area for the bus is really crowded

Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 8

Interviewer: Hi Good Afternoon sir. First I would just like to introduce myself. I am Vince
Alvarez, an Industrial Engineering student from DLSU. I am currently taking up my thesis
regarding the design of bus stops. With that being said, we need to conduct interviews to several
commuters, bus drivers, and conductors to know and understand their experiences.
R8: Alright, good afternoon.
Interviewer: May we begin na sir?
R8: Yes sure
Interviewer: Alright, what do you use to travel around metro manila?
R8: I usually travel around with my car, but commute when necessary or if the car is not
available.
Interviewer: Oh alright, what type of transportation do you use when you commute?
R8: Bus
Interviewer: How often do you commute using the bus?
R8: Around 1-2 times a week.
Interviewer: What time do you commute?
R8: Usually commute going home at around 2 - 3 pm
Interviewer: Do you only commute one route? If so what route do you take?
R8: I take the bus from market market in taguig to Makati.
Interviewer: Alright, is this the route from BGC to Ayala?
R8: Yes
Interviewer: Can you please describe your experience making your way to the bus stop?
R8: Well since the bus stop is by the mall, I don't really have struggles getting there. It's pretty
comfortable.
Interviewer: What about your experience in the bus stops themselves?
R8: The bus stop is actually great in Market Market. I am impressed, which is why I decide to
commute home sometimes. It doesn’t really get crowded in my experience, at least during the
time slot that I ride in. It is very easy to get in a bus and there aren't any long lines, I dont really
need to wait before getting in the bus. The bus stop also has roofs that are quite big so I don't get
bothered by the sunlight or the rain.
Interview: Alright, that's good to hear! May I know your experience inside the bus on the way to
Ayala Station?
R8: Oh it's great, I'm really impressed as well. The buses dont get too full, everyone has a seat. It
is air conditioned and the travel time is really quick. It never takes me more than 30 minutes to
get to Makati.
Interviewer: Oh alright, so is it safe to assume that you find commuting from BGC to Ayala a
pleasant experience? You haven’t encountered any problems with it so far?
R8: Yes, actually i'm just a new bus commuter, just started commuting early this year. I haven’t
experienced any problems so far.
Interviewer: Alright, what about your experience arriving and getting down at the bus stop?
R8: Once getting down in the drop off point, we have to cross the street and climb some stairs.
This isn't really a problem for me. Overall, I find the whole experience to be pleasant and
convenient.
Interviewer: Oh alright thats great to hear, I think I have asked everything that I have needed to
ask. Thank you so much for your time sir!
Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 9
Interviewer: Hello po! Kamusta po?
R9: Ok naman ako.
Interviewer: All right po. So good morning po. First of all po, maraming salamat po for
accepting my invitation to do this interview po. Before I begin po, inform ko lang po kayo about
the goal of our study po. So yung objective po kasi ng team ko is to understand yung mga
experiences ng bus commuters sa pagcocommute. Like, we want to fully understand po yung
commute experiences niyo overall mula sa pag-aantay ng bus hanggang sa makarating po kayo
sa point of destination niyo. Makakatulong po kasi ito sa aming study. In relation po sa data
privacy act, we are reminding po that all information that you will be providing will be treated
with utmost confidentiality and will solely be used po for this study or for academic purposes.
So, do I have your consent po in doing this interview?
R9: Yes.
Interviewer: All right po. So, first question ko po is, avid commuter po ba kayo? Bigyan ko po
kayo ng scale. Infrequent po kapag 1x-2x lang po kayo nagcocommute per month. Slightly
Infrequent naman po kapag 3x-5x every per moneth. Average naman po kapag 1once every
week. Slightly Frequent kapag twice or thrice po every week. Frequently naman po kapag almost
everyday.
R9: Ahh slightly frequent.
Interviewer: Ok po. What is your purpose po for commuting?
R9: Going to province. Kasi, sasamahan ko yung mom ko kasi mag-isa nalang siya.
Interviewer: Ok po. Why do you ride the bus po?
R9: Kasi yun yung cheapest way na papunta sa station ng provincial bus. Tapos syempre, yung
byahe naman from Manila to province, nakakapagpahinga ako.
Interviewer: Ok po. So you’re saying na you choose bus because its economical and
comfortable?
R9: Yes. For economic reasons and comfortable para makapagpahinga ako. Also, consideration
sa parking kasi alam kong mahirap mag-park, so I would rather commute nalang.
Interviewer: All right po. So ano pong ruta yung recent or madalas niyo pong sinasakyan na
ruta?
R9: Ahh recently yung sa EDSA. Yung mula monumento to Munoz. Yung EDSA busway.
Interviewer: All right po. So para po sa mga next question ko po, pakisagot by describing your
experiences vividly. Like ano po yung pakiramdam, emotions felt, and kung ano po yung
observations niyo. So, for my first question po, can you describe po yung experience niyo
waiting for the bus?
R9: Pag naghihintay ako ng bus, di ko naman sinasabi dun sa nag-uusher or conductor na PWD
ako. Kasi sa sinasakyan ko, may mga open seats naman. Prioritized naman kaming mga PWD.
Sinasabi ko, boss may PWD ba, tapos kung minsan, nagsasabi naman yung conductor. Pero,
that’s on a good day. Kapag rush hour, pahirapan talaga. Natry ko yan kasi mahirap maglakad
papunta sa station sa EDSA carousel. Ang layo ng lalakaran mo.
Interviewer: So pano po yun eh PWD po kayo, bale mabagal lang po talaga lakad niyo kahit
rush hour?
R9: Ahh oo. Mabagal lang talaga.
Interviewer: Ok po. Tapos po, papaano po ang sitwasyon pag-dating niyo po dun sa may center
island?
R9: Kanya kanya na talaga. Pag nakarating ka na dun, minsan mahaba yung pila.
Interviewer: Ok po. How about the facility kung saan po kayo nag-aantay, kamusta po?
R9: Ahh hindi maganda yung facility. Kasi, if nakita mo na yun, parang cinonvert lang basta
basta yung center island. May mga places sa ilalim ng footbridge na masikip para daanan ng tao.
Minsan, kailangan mong tumagilid sa may poste para lang makadaan. Isa pa, yung lahat ng
pollution sagap mo.
Interviewer: Ok po. Kamusta naman po kapag naulan?
R9: Kapag naulan, mababasa ka. Kasi, di naman siya full coverage, may part lang na covered.
Interviewer: Ok po. So ano po yung pakiramdam or ano po yung emotion na nararamdaman
niyo?
R9: Ahh frustration kasi hindi maayos yung facility. Makipot, delapitated yung mga stairs
pababa dun sa bus stop. Minsan, madulas yung lalakaran mo. Yung mga pang-harang, minsan
may kalawang na.
Interviewer: Ok po. What else pa po?
R9: Frustrating kasi madali lang ma-improve pero hindi nagagawa at hindi PWD and senior
friendly. Maganda sana kung may maupuan dun, lalo na ako na may gout, masakit talaga pag
nakatayo ng matagal.
Interviewer: All right. Kamusta naman po yung pag-board niyo sa bus?
R9: Boarding the bus is ok naman, like everybody else. Unlike yung sa ibang city bus, mahirap
pumanik.
Interviewer: Ok po. Kamusta naman po nung nakasakay na kayo sa loob ng bus?
R9: In a way, matututwa kasi mabilis ang travel time. Pero minsan, wreckless yung ibang driver.
But, overall, drivers and conductros are welcoming to PWDs and Seniors Plus, komportable sa
loob kasi naka-aircon ka. At, bilang PWD, makakaupo ka malapit sa exit.
Interviewer: Ok po. Kamusta naman po yung pag-baba niyo mula sa bus?
R9: Ahh ok naman. Pasensyoso yung mga driver. Patient sila lalo na sa mga taong nahihirapan
sa pag-baba.
Interviewer: Ok po. So, kung bibigyan niyo po ng rating yung commute expereince niyo or
yung service ng public bus, ano po ang ibibigay niyo? 1 to 5, 1 being extremely unsatisfied and 5
being purely satisfied.
R9: Uhh 3.
Interviewer: Bakit po?
R9: Kasi yung mga facility ng bus ay hidi maganda. Make-shift lang talaga yung bus stop.
Kumbaga, hindi na-memeet yung needs ng PWD at seniors.
Interviewer: Ok po. Ilang taon po sila?
R9: 44.
Interviewer: Ok po. What is your occupation?
R9: Carphils agent,
Interviewer: Where do you live po?
R9: Quezon City.
Interviewer: All right po. That ends our interview po. Thank you po again!

Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 10

Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 11

Interviewer: Hi _, firstly, how often do you commute?
R11: Right now, around 1-2 times per week.
Interveiwer: Ok, and when you commute do you take the bus?
R11: Yes
Interviewer: Got it, for what purpose do you take the bus to commute?
R11: I ride the bus to get to school and sometimes different places around Metro Manila.
Interviewer: What was the last route you took?
R11: The last route I took was from Fairview to Manila.
Interviewer: Was this a P2P bus, EDSA Carousel, or normal city bus?
R11: It was just a normal city bus
Interviewer: Ok, and around what time do you usually commute?
R11: It depends on what i plan to do, sometimes i leave in the morning and sometimes in the
afternoon.
Interviewer: Ok got it. So can you describe your experience pagpunta ng bus stop?
R11: It's just like I'm carrying the whole world. Sometimes it's just so worst going to bus stop
especially when it is rush hour expect a heavy traffic wherein sometimes I feel that walking is
faster than riding a bus and also we're stuck at the middle of the road if its rush hour, very
stressful because of traffic and those other drivers who doesn't know how to follow traffic rules.
Interviewer: Ok then when you get to the bus, what is your experience like?
R11: I just wait for the bus, it can take minutes or it can take hours. It’s not really comfortable
kasi there’s no waiting station eh. Sobrang init and not organize pa ang pagsakay kase it's like
you're competing with others just to ride a bus kase napupuno kaagad bus.
Interviewer: Pero pag nakasakay ka na ng bus what is the experience like?
R11: Okay naman sya di sya mainit pero minsan kase pinupuno ng konduktor so siksikan
minsan may tao na sa isle. Pero, its far better compared to waiting outside for a bus.
Interviewer: And then pagdating mo na sa destination tapos pababa ka na what is the experience
like?
R11: Problema kase walang tamang babaan so nakasanayan na kung saan yung nearest landmark
na babaan mo dun talaga hihinto yung bus. Medyo di safe talaga kase parang park on your own
risk ginagawa.
Interview: Ok got this, the next set of questions will just be about your demographics. How old
are you?
R11: Im 23 years old.
Interviewer: What is your current occupation?
R11: I’m currently an undergraduate student.
Interviewer: What city do you live in?
R11: I come from Masbate City but right now im staying in Pasay.
Interviewer: Ok, well that’s it for the interview. Thanks so much, Van!
Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 12
Interviewer: Hi _, firstly, how often do you commute?
R12: Around 1-2 times per week.
Interveiwer: Ok, and when you commute do you take the bus?
R12: Yes
Interviewer: For what purpose do you take the bus to commute?
R12: Usually its to go to school or to go out with friends.
Interviewer: What was the last route you took?
R12: The last route I took was Susana Heights to Makati.
Interviewer: What kind of bus do you usually take?
R12: I take either the P2P or JBL.
Interviewer: Ok, and around what time do you usually commute?
R12: If its in the afternoon, around 12-4, then if its going home, around 6-8.
Interviewer: Ok got it, next can you describe to me your experience making your way to the bus
stop?
R12: Saks lang siya, I just take the jeep going to the bus stop and iwas ako sa rush hour eh.
Sometimes I just get off sa side of the street.
Interviewee: Gets, then when you get to the bus stop, what is your experience like?
R12: It’s usually a 10-15 mins wait for the bus, or if sa bus station ka sumasakay for example
buendia hindi aalis ang bus hanggang di puno. Siguro ang issue lang is every rush hour since
super gulo and daming tao na gusto umuwi so sometimes nagkakatulakan kawawa mga
matatanda and mga babae na commuters.
Interviewer: Alright, kamusta naman pagnakasakay ka na ng bus?
R12: Its nothing special, aircon naman and di siya spacious pero sulit kasi mura.
Interviewer: Ok, and when you get down what are your experiences?
R12: No problems naman, it’s actually the easiest part cause I just get off the bus with no
problems.
Interview: Ok got this, the next set of questions will just be about your demographics. How old
are you?
R11: Im 21 years old.
Interviewer: What is your current occupation?
R11: I’m currently an undergraduate student.
Interviewer: What city do you live in?
R11: Muntinlupa City.
Interviewer: Ok, well that’s it for the interview. Thanks so much, _!

Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 13

Interviewer: Hi _! Thank you so much for agreeing to do this interview. Firstly, how often do
you commute?
R13: Around 4-6 times per week.
Interveiwer: Ok, and when you commute do you take the bus?
R13: Yes
Interviewer: For what purpose do you take the bus to commute?
R13: I use the bus to go to work
Interviewer: What was the last route you took?
R13: Ayala to Ortigas
Interviewer: What kind of bus do you usually take?
R13: I’ve taken normal city buses before and also the EDSA Carousel.
Interviewer: Ok, and around what time do you usually commute?
R13: Usually around 7am or 1:30pm.
Interviewer: Got this, can you describe your experience making your way to the bus stop?
R13: Going from Ortigas to Ayala, it’s hot so i get really sweaty. Waiting at the bus stop is dusty
and loud. Going there involves lots of going up and down the stairs which is tiresome and hassle.
There’s also no social distancing. Going from Ayala to Ortigas, the bus stop is hot and humid. In
BGC there are designated bus stops so its more convenient.
Interviewer: Ok, how about when you arrive at the bus stop, what is your experience like?
R13: When I get there, it’s hot and there’s no place to sit so I get tired. I also don’t know what
time the bus will arrive so I just have to hope it doesn’t take too long.
Interviewer: Can you describe your experiences inside the bus and en route to your destination?
R13: In the times I take the bus, it isn’t so crowded. The EDSA Carousel buses are pretty cold so
there’s some relief from the hot weather.
Interviewer: Ok, and once you get down from the bus, how is it like:
R13: Similar to how it is when im making my way to the bus, it’s hot and dusty.
Interview: Ok got this, the next set of questions will just be about your demographics. How old
are you?
R13: Im 25 years old.
Interviewer: What is your current occupation?
R13: I’m an early childhood educator.
Interviewer: What city do you live in?
R13: Pasig City.
Interviewer: Ok, well that’s it for the interview. Thanks so much, _!
Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 14
Interviewer: Hey _, firstly, how often do you commute?
R14: Around 1-2 times per week.
Interviewer: Ok, and when you commute do you take the bus?
R14: Yes
Interviewer: For what purpose do you take the bus to commute?
R14: I use it to get to school and to get back home.
Interviewer: What was the last route you took?
R14: The last route I took from Alabang Town Center to Greenbelt
Interviewer: What kind of bus do you usually take?
R14: P2P.
Interviewer: Ok, and around what time do you usually commute?
R14: Around 8AM ish, then going home around 5-6PM.
Interviewer: Alright, can you describe to me your experience going to the bus stop?
R14: Going to the stop, I just get dropped off at ATC then walk to the area where the bus is
parked. When I get there, I just pay or use my beep card then get on the bus to wait.
Interviewer: Alright, what is your experience like while waiting?
R14: It’s not bad at all, if I wait inside the bus, it’s cold and i can sit down so it’s comfortable.
But sometimes, in Greenbelt for example, if i have to wait for the bus to arrive i prefer to just go
inside the mall and wait there.
Interviewer: Why do you prefer to go inside the mall and wait there?
R14: In Greenbelt, it doesn’t seem comfortable to wait there because there’s no real waiting
area, it’s just a line near the sidewalk. In ATC, the waiting area is near a place. I’m not
comfortable being at [shanty area], and I usually bring valuables with me so I don’t feel safe
waiting there.
Interviewer: What is your experience like when you’re in the bus and on the way to the
destination?
R14: I have no problems, as I said the bus is cold and there’s a seat for everyone so it’s
comfortable.
Interviewer: How about when you get off the bus, what is the experience like:
R14: It’s really easy to get off the bus also, it’s organized and no one is really in a rush. Also
once I get off I just enter the mall so I feel comfortable again.
Interview: Ok got this, the next set of questions will just be about your demographics. How old
are you?
R14: Im 20 years old.
Interviewer: What is your current occupation?
R14: I’m an undergraduate student.
Interviewer: What city do you live in?
R14: Muntinlupa City
Interviewer: Ok, well that’s it for the interview. Thanks so much, _!

Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 15

Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 16

Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 17

Interviewer: Ano po. Kayo po ano po pangalan mo? .. Sir _? Dale Ano po?
R17: ___...
Interviewer: ____? How do you spell that po?
R17: ____
Interviewer: Ah Tabaniang. Ok. Sige, record mo na? All right po. Good morning po Sir ___.
For formalities, ako po ulit si endrei, siya po si Justin. So dito po kami to interview uhm or to
gather insights regarding their commute experience as a PWD. So please do know po na all of
your information that you will be providing will be strictly confidential and will be the use of
academic purposes only.
R17: Ok.
Interviewer: So ayun po. Sige po simulan na po natin. Avid commuter po ba kayo like lagi po
ba kayo nagcocommute in general?
R17: Yes po.
Interviewer: Gaano po kayo kadalas nagcocommute?
R17: Uhmm...halos everyday.
Interviewer: Siguro po in a week. Ilan beses kayo nacommute? In a week.
R17: Almost everyday.
Interviewer: Almost everyday. Sige. Almost everyday. What is your purpose in commuting?
R17: Going to market. Going to church. Tapos, kapag may mga businesses at personal na lakad.
Interviewer: So sumasakay po ba kayo ng bus?
R17: Yes.
Interviewer: Gaano po kadalas?
R17: Uhh… mga once a week.
Interviewer: Bakit po kayo sumasakay ng bus?
R17: Bus kapag nakikita ko [na iyon yung] pinamadali na transportation….halimbawa, kapag
medyo malayo yung pupuntahan ko or yun lang yung mode of transpo na kayang abutin… mas
practical and economical mag-bus.
Interviewer: San po usually kayo pumupunta kapag nag-bbus?
R17: Usually, Novaliches, SM Fairview, baclaran, North edsa.
Interviewer: Ok. Mga anong oras po kayo usually nag cocommute ng bus?
R17: Mga…
Interviewer: Umaga hapon gabi?
R17: Umaga.
Interviewer: Umaga. So ayun po sa mga susunod ko po na tanong any like if magrequest po
kami you think aloud kumbaga try to remember everything you observed, everything that you
felt when you commute the bus. Yung experience niyo po talaga. Kumbaga yung we wanted to
really understand yung experience niyo as a commuter as a PWD commuter.
R17: Eh kasi. Sa ano ko. Kasi based on my experience kasi di kami yung mga nakasaklay o mga
nakawheelchair na condition disability. Ako kahit nakakapaglakad ako, mahina kamay ko [tapos]
may nagsasabi sakin di namin alam may disability ka pala.
Interviewer: Ah talaga po.
R17: So unless idemand ko, hindi ako bibigyan ng discount sa jeep o sa bus
Interviewer: So kailangan niyo po sabihin na PWD kayo?
R17: Oo. Eh minsan naman 2 pesos, sabi ko eh parang ano naman sa bus driver, kaparehong
mong mahirap
Interviewer: So di niyo na sinasabi po?
R17: Binibigay ko nalang.
Interviewer: Ah ok. So can you describe po ba Sir Dave, yung parang yung waiting experience
bago kayo makasakay ng bus. Kumbaga papunta kayo doon sa station na sasakyan niyo ng bus
tapos describe niyo sa amin yung how was it like to wait and then hanggang makapagboard ka sa
bus.
R17: Uhm usually kasi, I would prefer the jeepney because its easier to access. For the bus, I
need to go up the stairs and a lot less accessible going to the bus stop. As much as possible, kung
pwede mag jeep, mag jeep ako. But, I take the bus, if it is the only available transportation…
Halimbawa nag-FX ako sa La Salle tapos pagbalik matagal naghihintay walang FX doon ako
mag-bus. Parang no choice. Parang di naman considerate yung ibang mga commuter sa mga
PWD for when he rides or when he goes stand the bus. Kasi parang ang nangyayari like sa MRT
parang survivor of the fittest kumbaga
Interviewer: So sabi niyo po hindi nagiging inconsiderate ang ibang passengers… ibig sabihin
po ba nito nag uunahan kayo para makasakay ng bus?
R17: Minsan ganun. Minsan thats the case na paunahan talaga. Sometimes people are
considerate.
Interviewer: Kamusta po yung weather? Kamusta po yung pakiramdam habang nag-aantay ng
bus?
R17: ah ok naman… pero kapag matindi talaga ang init or ulan, medyo hindi maganda ang
experience ko. Pero, kapag sa terminal ako mag-aantay, ok naman siya.
Interviewer: Its okay because its in the terminal.
R17: Kasi doon naman ako mismo sa termina. Don sa terminal ng robinsons
Interviewer: Pag umuulan protektado naman po kayo? Di naman kayo nababasa?
R17: Hindi naman sa terminal… pero kapag sa bus stop gaya nung sa gilid ng daan, nababasa
ako.
Interviewer: Ok. Kamusta naman po yung pag-sampa niyo sa bus?
R17: Ahh ok naman. Medyo mahirap kasi stairs yung entrance ng bus, pero kaya naman.
Interviewer: Kamusta naman po yung kapag nakasakay na kayo ng bus. Kamusta yung
pakiramdam? Komportable po ba? Papunta po doon sa destination niyo.
R17: Komportable naman kasi makakaupo ka, knowing na PWD ako. Atsaka, naka-aircon kaya
malamig.
Interviewer: Ayun po so youre saying po comfortable naman po kayo sa loob ng bus.
Comfortable naman sa loob ng bus. Kapag bababa kayo ng bus, kamusta?
R17: Mas komportable ako kapag yung bababaan ko madami din baba kasi safety kasi kapag
mag isa bababa ng bus di ka pa nakakaba, eh PWD ka eh, sometimes sa jeep at sa bus din minsan
sandali lang.
Interviewer: Nagmamadali talaga sila…
R17: Oo. Huminto man lang sana sila
Interviewer: Tapos so given the experience na shinare niyo po sa amin, how would you rate it
po? From 1 to 5. 1 being extremely unsatisfied, 5 being extremely satisfied. Yung overall
experience niyo po sa pagsasakay ng bus.
R17: 3.5 o 3.
Interviewer: 3.5 o 3. Bakit 3.5 o 3?
R17: Eh madami pa kailangang ayusin sa ano… Sana mas accessible yung kapag may PWD…
Also, sana komportable kahit sa mismong mga bus stops, hindi lang sa terminal.
Interviewer: Okay po. Ilang taon na po ba kayo sir?
R17: 53 na ko.
Interviewer: Ok po. Ano po ang disability nila? Hindi niyo po magalaw tong left portion?
R17: Kunwari halimbawa magtutulak, kaya ng kanan ko, pero kapag kaliwa lang, hindi ko talaga
maitulak.
Interviewer: Ano pong occupation niyo sir
R17: communications dito.
Interviewer: Dito po kayo nakatira?
R17: Ahh hindi po.
Interviewer: Saan po kayo nakatira?
R17: Orginally project 2
Interviewer: Alright. Sige po. Actually yun lang po interview namin. So thank you po sir.
Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 18
R18: Good Morning!
Interviewer: Ako po si Endrei. Ako po si Justin. So mga De La Salle Industrial Engineers po
kami. So mga…Right now may thesis po kami about designing inclusive and safe bus stops
within Metro Manila. So for our interview, we just want to understand yung parang commute
experience niyo when you commute via bus. So kumbaga we just wanted to understand yung
observations, yung experiences, yung feelings niyo when you commute the bus. So please do
know na lahat ng sasabihin niyo pong mga information will be strictly confidential po and will
be used for academic purposes. So to start po, lagi po ba kayo nagcocommute in general? Or
commuter po ba kayo?
R18: Oo. Commuter ako at bale sinasakyan ko talaga papasok dito mula sa amin is jeep.
Palaging jeep. Pero pag provinces or mga malalayong cities within metro manila, syempre
sumasakay ako ng bus.
Interviewer: Gaano po kayo kadalas nagcocommute in general?
R18: Hmm. Monday to Saturday
Interviewer: So frequently.
R18: Yes.
Interviewer: Pero what days po kayo sumasakay ng bus?
R18: Uhh… mga twice a week lang.
Interviewer: Ok po. Aside from going to province, ano pa po purpose ng commute ninyo?
R18: Bukod sa pagpasok sa trabaho, pagpalengke, tapos church. Going to Church. Minsan,
kapag may mga ilalakad sa ibang siyudad.
Interviewer: Ok. Uhm. Bakit niyo po preferred yung bus?
R18: Unang una, mas malayo ang mararating niya kapag kinakailangang bumiyahe nang
malayuan. Mura din siya compared to jeepneys if mag-ttravel ka nang malayuan. Pero, mas ok
pa din ang jeep sa malapitang biyahe kasi mabilis para sa akin ah… observation ko… Mas
mabilis yung jeepney at saka mas marami doon sa area namin madaming jeep na dumadaan
kaysa sa bus. At saka kung hindi yung bus na dumadaan samin is airconditioned. Hindi naman
lahat, halos lahat airconditioned siya hindi kasi ako lalo na mas komportable kapag
airconditioned yung bus.
Interviewer: Ah..
R18: Oo, hindi talaga ako komportable.
Interviewer: Ah ok po. Pero kapag nakasakay po kayo sa bus comfortable naman siya overall or
meron namang paring pwedeng ayusin?
R18: Honestly hindi talaga.
Interviewer: Hindi talaga..
R18: Hindi talaga ako komportable sa bus. Kaya hindi ako gaano sumasakay. FX yan, taxis,
jeepeney, tricycle. Pero bus, hindi talaga. Kung wala akong choice syempre yun gagamitin ko
pero hindi talaga ako komportable sa bus.
Interviewer: Bakit po?
R18: Bakit? Unang una, parang ako experience ko muntik na ko mahulog. Diba may hawakan
yun? Eh pagsakay ko ng bus, biglang umandar yung bus kahit na hindi pa ako nakakahawak sa
hawakan.
Interviewer: Umaandar na.
R18: Oo, umaandar na siya. Bale doon sa jeep naman kasi. Diba makikita kami doon sa mirror
hihintayin nila makaupo kami bago siya umandar. Eh yung bus kasi parang pasabit palang ako
umaandar na siya kaya natatakot ako. Pangalawa, diba naexperience ko punuan, wala pang covid
noon, kahit na syempre PWD ka talagang pag standing position walang nagbibigay sayo na
magbigay na “oh upo ka”. Ganun din naman ngayong may covid, pero mas may consideration
ang mga tao. Pero, may mga times pa din na dedma lang ang mga tao, lalo na kapag nakasakay
ka ng rush hour.
Interviewer: Ah oh parang upo ka.
R18: Oo parang sa bus parang nakatayo ka lang talaga. Halimbawa pag rush hour, oh sige tatayo
ka pero napakatagal at napakahaba mahirap para sa akin.
Interviewer: So parang walang nagaasikaso sa inyo?
R18: Wala. Walang ganun. Walang nagsasabi ng “oh paupuin niyo PWD, priority yan” walang
ganun pero ok lang namin din sakin yun kung malapit lang wala naman siyang problema. Kaya
lang pag siksikan ayoko talaga. Pumapasok ako nung college ako, nadukutan ako sa bus mas lalo
na kung puno. Ano siya eh, masyado siyang siksikan tapos yung bag ko kaya lagi siyang nasa
ano… kasi na slash sya…
Interviewer: Na slash?
R18: Oo. Naslash kaya nagulat nalang ako, Hala.
Interviewer: Nawala na yung gamit.
R18: Oo. Wala na siya yung coin purse lang buti nalang din may ano ako sa pocket pero ayun
yung experience ko sa bus. Hindi siya komportable.
Interviewer: Pero itong shinashare niyo po sa amin, during the bus ride po ito no?
R18: Oo. Bus ride siya.
Interviewer: Kamusta naman po kayo nung bago kayo sumakay ng bus. Kumbaga nung nag
aantay kayo for the bus.
R18: Pag nag aantay ka kasi sa bus is nakapila. Bale may pila , may ano kunwari, unahan pa din
eh. Unahan pa din eh
Interviewer: Saan po ba kayo sumasakay? Sa daan?
R18: Sa daan lang. Hindi ako sa terminal. Sa terminal kasi may pila tapos…na-experience ko
kasi sa terminal, may pila siya. Ok naman hanggang makasay ka. Pero pag provinces naman
kasi hindi naman nila pinupuno yun eh. Kapag pupunta ka ng ano, hindi nila pinupuno yun. Ok
ka naman.
Interviewer: Bale mas madalas kayo sumakay galing sa daan?
R18: Oo sa daan lang talaga siya.
Interviewer: Ah sa daan lang talaga. Saan po ba to? Dito lang?
R18: Sa amin kasi meron, doon lang talaga siya dumadaan. Dumadaan lang siya tapos… ayun.
Interviewer: Kamusta po experience niyo doon?
R18: Madami kasi kaya hindi din ako talaga, madaming tao kasi pinipili yung bus mas lalo na
kapag ano maraming sumasakay ibig sabihin na-aaccomodate silang lahat. Kaya nag uunahan
sila. Eh kaya yung makikipag-takbuhan, hindi ko kaya yun na makipag takbuhan sa bus para
lang sumakay. Tapos ano.. Nahihirapan akong sumakay sa bus kasi pag nasa ano ka palang…
nasa step ka palang akala nila porket naka-kapit ka ng ganun safe ka na. Oo.
Interviewer: So bago ka makasakay, makakapit walang nag aasikaso?
R18: Wala. Kahit yung konduktor kasi busy siya o kaya nandon siya sa dulo. Yun yung na-
experience ko eh.
Interviewer: Ok tapos uhmmm. So kamusta naman po yung waiting experience niyo? Kamusta
yung ambiance, Kamusta yung weather?
R18: Karamihan doon sa area namin, kapag papasok ako, mas madami yung jeep na dumadan
kaya jeep. Tapos yung bus kasi. Madalang, konti lang talaga siya. Tapos ano, madami din naman
ako nakikita na nag-aantay pero karamihan din ng commuters doon sa amin jeep parin ano nila.
Ok naman yung siksikan ba ay..crowded… hindi naman. Mas ano…naghihintay sila sa jeep
kaysa sa ano sa bus.
Interviewer: Kamusta naman po yung weather? Habang nag-aantay kayo. Ano po yung mga
emotions ninyo habang nag-aantay kayo.
R18: Pag nag-aantay kasi. Pag late ka na syempre, nagmamadali ka. Pag maaga ka o sakto lang,
wala naman problema. Ok lang, sakto lang.
Interviewer: Pero kapag umuulan po, hindi na po kayo nag-antay sa daan?
R18: Pag umuulan…uhmm unang una kasi madulas, natatakot talaga ako sa daan na madulas at
nag-aantay lang ako haangang mag stop yung bus o jeep sa harapan ko o sa tapat ko. Kaso ano
kami sa stoplight…. Hindi na ako…kasi yung iba sinasabi nila “oh aalis na”. Hinihintay ko at
hindi ako nakikipag siksikan kapag umuulan. Ayoko ng halimbawa puno o ano kahit malate o
ano basta hindi ako sasabay sa madaming tao.
Interviewer: Ah ok. Kamusta po yung pagbaba niyo ng bus?
R18: Pagbaba. Uhm kasi kapag ano sa bus diba umaano sila…may baba bigla may mag aassist,
ok naman. Ok lang naman ano lang…
Interviewer: Hindi naman kayo nahihirapan sa pagbaba?
R18: Kapag puno o crowded yung bus, syempre mahirap. Pag crowded talaga yung bus. Pero
pag ano siya…hindi naman. Kapag crowded o masikip lang talaga siya.
Interviewer: Kung irarate niyo overall experience niyo 1 to 5. What would it be?
R18: Sa bus? Riding the bus? 4.
Interviewer: Bakit po 4.
R18: 4. Ano ba uhmm ang 10?
Interviewer: 1 being lowest then 5 yung satisfied.
R18: 2.
Interviewer: Bakit po 2?
R18: Unang una, hindi talaga ako komportable sa bus eh. Hindi talaga ako ano…sumasakay ng
bus as much as possible. Basta FX o kaya jeepney. Ayun.
Interviewer: Pero sa inyo ano pwede ayusin sa bus base sa experience niyo?
R18: Saan ba. Diba para sa mga bus lalo na ngayon diba nagiging maluwag na siya sana kahit
may covid pa? Sana hindi na siya ipuno. Yung kung ilang yung bilang o yung capacity ng bus
yun lang. Tapos kung maaari sana yung mga konduktor diba sana ano nandoon lang sila sa front
hindi na sila palakad lakad. Kaya lang pag naniningil na sila ibig sabihin in place na lahat ng ano
nila. Naka-upo na lahat ng kliyente nila bago nila ticketan.
Interviewer: How about yung sa waiting niyo. Sa waiting phase ng ano niyo. Kumbaga may
kailangan ba iimprove doon?
R18: Ah siguro kasi…Ah sige… Siguro kasi kapag sa terminal yan waiting yan sa terminal.
Uhmm… Kasi may oras din sila kung papaano. Parang ano… Uhmm…. MRT na may oras sila
nandito. Hindi ko kasi alam kung sabay-sabay. Pero sa terminal kasi maraming bus. Marmaing
ano waiting nila doon. Matagal yung ano…pag-alis. Matagal sa terminal.
Interviewer: Sa terminal po yan?
R18: Sa terminal. Pero sa daan, sila naman kapag walang sasakay o walang um-ano nasa
sakanila kung magihihintay sila o hindi pero nakakainis lang din kapag halimbawa inaantay pa
talaga nila. Kapag kailangan padamihin pa yung..halimbawa konti lang laman nung bus na
sumakay. Kailangan marami pang ano…sumakay. Aantayin pa nila ng 20 minutes, 30 minutes.
Nakaka-consume ng oras. Kaya nakakairita, nakakainis.
Interviewer: Hmmm. Ok. Ano pong age nila?
R18: 41.
Interviewer: Occupation po nila?
R18: Uhm dito. Treasurer.
Interviewer: Treasurer.
R18: Admin and finance.
Interviewer: Saan po nakatira?
R18: Caloocan City.
Interviewer: Caloocan?
R18: Yes Caloocan City.
Interviewer: Alright. That would be all, Ms. Gina.
R18: Tapos In addition lang noh…Para doon sa PWDs yung implementation ng magna carta 344
uhm….
Interviewer: Ano po yung magna carta 344?
R18: Accessibility Law
Interviewer: Accessibility Law. Law for PWDs.
R18: Implement nila ng maayos.
Interviewer: Alright. Thank you Maam __!
R18: Youre Welcome.
Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 19
Interviewer: Ulit kami ang researchers ng La Salle Industrial Engineering undergrads po kami.
Ako po si Endrei, ako po si Justin. Interviewhin po namin kayo para sa better understanding ng
commuter’s experience niyo as PWD specifically bus commuting experience. So please do know
na lahat ng information that you will be providing will be confident and will be use for academic
purposes only. So avid commuter po ba kayo?
R19: Yes.
Interviewer: In general?
R19: Opo.
Interviewer: Gaano po kayo kadalas nag cocommute?
R19: Halos everyday sir.
Interviewer: Ano po purpose ng commute nila?
R19: For work, leisure, and papunta sa central business district sa Ortigas, papunta sa company.
Interviewer: Sumasakay po ba kayo ng bus?
R19: Yes… mga 3 beses sa isang linggo.
Interviewer: So bakit po kayo sumasakay ng bus?
R19: Makarating sa pupuntahan… minsan kasi yun yung dumadaan doon sa lugar na
pupuntahan ko.
Interviewer: Ano pa po?
R19: Mas komportable ka.
Interviewer: Paano niyo po nasabi na mas komportable?
R19: Aircon. Maayos na upuan.
Interviewer: May aircon. Maayos na upuan. Ok ano pa po?
R19: Kahit maipit ka sa traffic, maayos upo. Di ka maiistress, may aircon pwede ka makatulog.
Interviewer: Ano po usually yung ruta na sinasakyan niyo kapag sumasakay kayo ng bus?
R19: Antipolo, Pasay, Ortigas, Batangas mga ganun.
Interviewer: Mula dito po?
R19: Oo galing sa bahay.
Interviewer: Mga anong oras po kayo usually sumasakay.
R19: Umaga at hapon.
Interviewer: Sa umaga po, mga anong oras po? Mga 6 am?
R19: Uhh…mga alas-syete nang umaga.
Interviewer: Nakakarating ba kayo sa destinasyon niyo mga after 1 hour? 2 hours?
R19: Ahh oo naman. Pero syempre, depende pa din iyan sa trapik.
Interviewer: Okay po… Sa mga susunod naming tanong kumbaga we would just wanted you to
describe your experience in detail. Kumbaga sabihin niyo po sakin mga karanasan niyo, ano ang
mga observations, nararamdaman niyo. What are the emotions that you felt. So for the first
question po. Can you describe to us ano yung experience niyo sa paghihintay ng bus as a PWD
commuter.
R19: As a PWD commuter, dapat yung front row seats. Dapat sa PWD yan eh.
Interviewer: Dapat yung?
R19: Sa PWD yung dalawang front row seats. Diba dalawa yan. Yung front row dapat allotted sa
PWD. Kahit tumatakbo ang bus dapat di siya pinapaupuan. Unless may uupong senior o PWD.
Interviewer: Tapos yung waiting experience niyo? Pagaantay, kamusta?
R19: Syempre matagal.
Interviewer: Matagal. Gaano katagal usually?
R19: Ano kapag rush hour, mga umaabot ng 30 minutes hanggang 45 minutes. Pero, kung hindi
naman, mga… 15-20 minutes.
Interviewer: Ano pong ginagawa niyo habang naghihintay kayo?
R19: Wala lang. Wala naman ako magagawa kasi wala namang pag-kakaabalahan… minsan sa
cellphone pero sobrang bihira lang.
Interviewer: Naka-ano po ba to? Naka-upo o Naka-tayo?
R19: May time na naka-tayo, may time na naka-upo. May time na matindi sikat ng araw, may
time na makulimlim. Tapos, kapag naulan, nababasa ako.
Interviewer: Saan po ba kayo naghihintay? Sa bus stop?
R19: Oo… may bus stop malapit dito… mga 10 minutes ang layo. Halimbawa tulad nung sa
may caloocan, diyan paglabas mo, hindi naman lahat ng lugar may bus stop eh. Ang bus stop
lang naman sa edsa, pasay.
Interviewer: Ok. Tapos po diba sabi niyo po diba minsan matindi sikat ng araw, minsan
makulimlim. Sabi niyo po may mga times na walang bus stop. Paano yun, naghihintay po kayo
sa ilalim habang bilad sa araw.
R19: Oo. Sa ilalim nun
Interviewer: Kamusta po yung experience?
R19: Syempre hindi maganda. As a commuter, bilad ka sa araw kasi wala masyadong shade.
Interviewer: Nababasa po ba kayo.
R19: Oo, madalas… lalo na kapag may hangin. Kaya laging may dalang payong dapat.
Interviewer: Okay po… Kapag PWD, diba priority kayo lagi? Meron po bang parang..parang
priority lane doon sa bus stop o priority markings na magsasabi na oh itong lane na to para sa
PWD.
R19: Signage, wala.
Interviewer: Ah walang signange.
R19: Wala. Pero doon sa loob ng bus.
Interviewer: Pero sa bus stop mismo?
R19: Sa bus stop wala. Wala.
Interviewer: Anong ano niyo po don…Nakakalito po ba minsan kapag nagcocommute kayo?
R19: Hindi, kailangan mo magsabi. Kumbaga, bukod sa nakakalito kailangan mo i-approach
yung driver, yung konduktor, yung mismo na nasa pilahan para malaman nila na may ganito
pala.
Interviewer: Ah para matulungan kayo.
R19: Oo. Kumbaga yung advocacy ng LTFRB, LTO is para malakas pagdating sa advocacy ng
rights ng PWD in terms of ano doon sa transport.
Interviewer: Ahh ito po ba yung Batasang Pambansa 344 ba?
R19: Hmm oo 344
Interviewer: Ok po.
R19: Tapos kapag sasakay ka ng section 1 dapat i-aassist ka ng konduktor. Maglalagay siya ng
ramp para hindi mahirapan.
Interviewer: Pero base sa experience niyo, may ganun po ba?
R19: Hmmm, wala akong nakitang ganun.
Interviewer: So in short, you're saying that hindi siya PWD friendly.
R19: Hindi. Malayo pa doon sa PWD friendliness sa other countries. Kasi kapag may sumakay
na naka-wheelchair dapat di na siya bubuhatin. Kasi delikado yun doon sa PWD pati doon sa
magbubuhat. ‘Pagka ilalagay sa ramp pagsampa mo ng ganun ilolock mo ng dalawang ng mga
tali yung paa para di gumagalaw. Kumbaga komportable pa din nakaupo yung PWD. [Inaudible]
Interviewer: Kamusta naman po yung boarding experience niyo? Boarding experience kumbaga
pag sasakay kayo ng bus. Unahan po ba o tuloy tuloy lang yung pasok?
R19: Kumbaga trinitreat ka nila as a abled person. Wala sila pakialam, wala pakialam sa driver,
wala pakialam yung konduktor, wala pakialam yung nangagasiwa doon sa pilahan. Kumbaga,
parang sumakay ka lang. Lahat naman kasi nakikita nakakalakad ka eh. Kumbaga, may
diskriminasyon na din. Ang punto ko is kahit tumatakbo yung bus is dapat di ka magpapasakay o
magpapa-upo ng abled person doon sa harapan dapat sa likod. Naka-reserve yun eh para sa
PWD.
Interviewer: So kahit tipong PWD, pero nakakalakad ka ng maayos treated parin as abled
person in general?
R19: Oo.
Interviewer: Ah Ok. Pero yung pag-akyat niyo as in wala talaga nag-aassist? Parang sariling
sikap niyo kumbaga?
R19: Oo.
Interviewer: Kamusta naman yung experience niyo nung nasa bus na kayo?
R19: Wala naman.
Interviewer: Wala naman issue?
R19: Wala naman.
Interviewer: Wala nagsisiksikan, di naman yung parang nagbardagulan yung mga tao.
R19: Ay oo siksikan pag rush hour siksikan.
Interviewer: Pero in a normal basis.
R19: May mga time na nagcocommute ako ng bus nakatayo ako eh
Interviewer: Pero since PWD, nakaupo naman kayo?
R19: Hindi.
Interviewer: Ah nakatayo parin?
R19: Nakatayo parin pag rush hour.
Interviewer: Pero minsan nakakaupo po kayo?
R19: Mas madalas nakaupo, kasi bumabyahe ako…
Interviewer: Hindi rush hour.
R19: Hindi rush hour. Aalis ako nang umaga kailangan bumalik ako maaga kapag inabot ka ng
matagal wala na nakatayo na. Mas lalo na kapag rush hour.
Interviewer: So kahit yung upuan na pang-PWD, occupied ng abled person?
R19: Oo occupied.
Interviewer: Ok. Kamusta naman yung pagbaba niyo ng bus? Mahirap po ba bumaba?
Makipagsiksikan sa mga tao?
R19: Normal lang. May mga panahon na kailangan mo makipagsikisikan sa mga tao pagbaba,
salabungin yung mga sasakay.
Interviewer: Pero hindi po yung sasabihin ng bus driver, oh paunahin niyo muna PWD. Wala po
ganun? O parang sariling sikap kayo sa sasabihin niyo, Oh PWD ako kailangan ko muna bumaba
paunahin niyo muna ako.
R19: Hindi ako nagsasabi. Kumbaga nakakahiya din sa ibang commuter kasi minsan dahil
syempre nag-antay din sila para sa bus. Sa panahon ngayon, mahirap makipag debate na parang
kailangan sabihin na may seat po diyan na allotted para sa PWD kumbaga kailangan pa sabihin
kasi di din aware yung ibang tao. Dapat kung nakita na ng kundoktor, ng mga driver, na PWD
dapat sila mismo oh unahin natin to. Wala silang initiative na ganon eh. Kasi kumbaga ganun isa
na nakita ko lack of trainings, advocacy, implementation ng rules and policies.
Interviewer: How about sa bus commute experience….
R19: Dapat yung mga bus operators, [alam kung] ilang PWD ang maisasakay every bus… or
sabihin mo [sa amin] kapag maramihan [ang] sasakay. Halimbawa, kasi di lang PWD, may
senior ka pa, may pregnant women ka pa. So sa estimate ko, kunwari operator ako, sa estimate
ko ilang kaya pregnant women ang masasakay ko sa umaga, ilang PWD sa umaga, ilang senior
sa umaga. Ang allotted na upuan mo apat. Kumbaga 2 sa unahan sa first lane, 2 upuan sa second
lane. Sabi ko yun parang yun palang may problema na o meron nang butas. Kung ako operator,
mag aallot ako sa unahan ng 12 person. Ito, reserve ito para sa PWD at senior. Kumbaga, 6-10
persons siguro nalang everyday… Kung wala naman nakaupo pwede mo naman pa-upuin yan
eh. Kumbaga makikita naman nila kung para sa kanila or hindi to amin. Yun yung ano ko, na-
obserbahan ko. Tapos pagdating naman doon sa rush hour, kahit pang-PWD at senior siya, may
mga nakaupo pa din na able persons. Kasi PWD din asawa ko eh… naranasan na din niya na
manakawan ng gamit. Dapat yung konduktor or may nagmamando mismo, nag-aapproach, nag-
roaming siya. Una awareness, halimbawa kasi ilang beses na ko naholdap, tatlo o apat na beses
na.
Interviewer: Sa bus ba to o habang naghihintay sa bus?
R19: Sa loob mismo ng bus mismo. Siguro tatlong beses bawat destination. Hanggang sa frist
station hanggang di ko na makapa yung gamit ko. Una awareness sa mga hindi gagawa ng
maganda sa mga pasahero. Pangalawa, para iapproach oh meron PWD dito para lumipat na kayo
diyan para pwede natin paupuin. Yung mga ganung bagay lang.
Interviewer: Ok. Diba sabi niyo po naholdap na kayo. So concern po kayo when it comes to
safety and security. How about naman po sa paghihintay niyo? Concern po ba yun sa inyo
habang naghihintay.
R19: Oo naman din. Syempre bilang PWD, kumbaga tapos nasa public space ka. Hindi naman
lahat ng pinaghihintayan mo ng bus o ng jeep is maraming tao. Actually, yung wife ko dalawang
beses na din siya naholdap. Naghihintay lang sila ng bus ng jeep so ayon naholdap sila.
Interviewer: Sa daan lang po?
R19: Sa daan. Isang beses sa daan, Isang beses sa bus yung sa kanya. Ako naman pur osa bus,
apat na beses.
Interviewer: Ano po nakuha sa inyo?
R19: Relo, wallet, bag.
Interviewer: Na- address po ba security means niyo sa bus stop?
R19: Hindi.
Interviewer: Hindi. Bakit niyo nasabi?
R19: Wala naman aksyong ginawa yung bus. Nung lumapit ako sa konduktor para matulungan
ako, sabi, “Ay ano yan madalas na ginagawa yan sir. Minsan doon palang sa may unang
istasyon, may mga nangyayari na ganyan.”
Interviewer: Wala po bang ano don, parang surveillance o security guard man lang?
R19: Wala.
Interviewer: As in wala po talaga? So parang open air.
R19: Oo.
Interviewer: Ok. Kung irarate po tong, itong shinare niyo sa amin na bus commute experience
from 1 to 5. 1 being extremely unsatisfied, 5 being extremely satisfied.
R19: 1.
Interviewer: 1. Bakit po 1.
R19: Kapag nag cocommute ako, hindi naman ako naging satisfied. Kasi naranasan ko
magcommute nung nasa Japan… sa Japan, maayos lahat. Very orderly po ang mga tao at hindi
ka mapapagod. Ma-eenjoy mo pa ang pagcocommute. Safe lahat ng tao, hindi ka matatakot,
yung mga amenities, inclusive sa lahat ng tao, at maayos ang sistema.
Interviewer: Ah nagbakasyon po kayo don?
R19: Ah hindi po pinadala po kami doon. May conference po kasi ang NCDA doon, and partner
organization po kami. Sa conference na yun, pinakita sa amin yung kagandahan ng public
transportation... 6 months kami dun… So, naexperience ko lahat, lalo na yung implementation ng
mga batas pagdating sa mga bata, pwd, senior..Nung nandoon ako sa training, kailangan ko
maexperience lahat, pagsakay ng taxi, bus, paglakad. Tignan kung ano yung batas na
naiimplement nila, paano nila naiimplent, ano yung benepisyo ng PWD sa gobyerno.
Interviewer: Kung ihahalintulad niyo yan dito sa pinas. Ano po masasabi niyo?
R19: Malayo. Napakalayo ng implementation, support ng mga LGU, yung support ng mga
government agencies, advoacy in terms of policies.
Interviewer: So you’re saying po na overall sa bus commute di talaga kayo satisfied?
R19: Hindi talaga.
Interviewer: Ano po age nila?
R19: 46.
Interviewer: Occupation?
R19: bale ako yung head dito sa tailoring shop ng BBMC.
Interviewer: Ano po ba yung tinatahi niyo dito? Mga damit?
R19: Custom made na mga damit at mga iba pa, gaya nung table cloth.
Interviewer: Saan niyo po nabebenta yan? Sa SM? Department store?
R19: Hindi sa ano lang… sa mga local customers lang. Kapa may mag-papagawa or kapag may
expo. Ayun.
Interviewer: Saan po kayo nakatira?
R19: Dito sa Caloocan.
Interviewer: Para sainyo po ano pwede gawin para mas maging maayos ito. Ano pwede gawin
ng gobyerno para mas maging maayos yung commute experience niyo sa bus? Ano yung mga
kailang iimprove sa tingin niyo po?
R19: Isang nakita ko is, yung DSWD at saka other PWDs cooperative and organizations,
magkaroon ng isang pagpupulong para una ivivisit yung policies pag dating sa transportation
tapos magbalangkas ng isang polisiya tapos makipag coordinate sila doon sa transporation office
para magkaroon ng discussion para yung LTFRB at LTO maging aware sila tapos sila na
magbaba nun sa operator ng bust at operator ng jeep. Kasama na doon yung discount.
Interviewer: Sa commute po ba nakakadiscount kayo?
R19: May time na nakakadiscount, may time na hindi. Ang tanong ko diyan kasi 30% yung
discount, kunwari galing ka sa ganito dapat meron ka ng tarifa magkano yung discount para doon
palang pagsakay palang nakita mo na. Hindi pagsakay doon mo palang cocompute-in. Syempre
di naman lahat ng bus driver at jeepney driver mathematician saka accountant.
Interviewer: Calculator pa eh
R19: Doon palang sir meron paring butas. Yun yung sa akin sir.
Interviewer: Ano disability niyo pala?
R19: Orthopedic disability.
Interviewer: Thank you po Sir.
Interview Profile and Transcription - Commuter 20
Interviewer: Good afternoon po. Ano po name nila?
R20: __ po.
Interviewer: Nandito po kami para iinterview namin kayo commuting experience niyo
specifically bus experience niyo. So gusto lang po namin maintindihan ano yung parang
experiences niyo so that we would like to assure you lahat ng ipprovide niyo na repsonses niyo is
strictly confidential and will be only use for academic purposes. Ok lang po ba nakarecord tayo?
R20: Yes po. Okay lan po.
Interviewer: Avid commuter po ba kayo?
R20: Uhh yes po.
Interviewer: Lagi po ba kayo nagcocommute? In general?
R20: Opo.
Interviewer: Siguro in a week ilang beses?
R20: Uhh mga 3 beses sa isang linggo..kasi nag aapply ako ng trabaho at naglalakad ako ng
mga papeles.
Interviewer: So nagcocommute po ba kayo for work kadalasan? Kapag ttrabaho?
R20: Yes po.
Interviewer: Tapos sumasakay po kayo ng bus noh?
R20: Opo.
Interviewer: Gaano po kayo kadalas sumasakay ng bus?
R20: Araw-araw nung pumapasok na ko nung bago makatapos ng high school pumapasok na ko
trabaho. Ngayon, ganun pa din pero mga 1 beses sa isang linggo… hindi katulad noon na halos
araw-araw.
Interviewer: Saan pokayo nag-tapos ng high school?
R20: Dito sa west avenue caloocan high school.
Interviewer: So after po ng highschol pagkagraduate work na kayo?
R20: Oo work na.
Interviewer: Ah Ok. So bakit po kayo sumasakay ng bus.
R20: Kasi ang in-aapplyan ko na work ay doon sa cubao eh. Wala nama padiretsong jeep bale
kailangan mag bbus ka talaga.
Interviewer: So di abot ng jeep yung ano…
R20: Ay hindi po, kailangan talaga mag bbus ka eh.
Interviewer: Anong ruta usually tinatake?
R20: Ang ruta ko sa ilalim e.
Interviewer: Caloocan haggang cubao?
R20: Cubao.
Interviewer: Mga anong oras po ito?
R20: Siguro mga aalis ako dito mga umaga pasok ko kasi alas nuebe kaya minsan umaalis ako
dito samin alas singko ng madaling araw.
Interviewer: Nakakarating kayo doon anong oras?
R20: Nakakarating ako doon mga 7:30, 8:30 ganon.
Interviewer: Kapag nakaalis ng alas singko ng umaga…
R20: Oo kaya dapat kailangan lagi ka maaga para hindi ka malate sa trabaho.
Interviewer: Ok. Sa mga susunod po namin na tanong we just wanted you to describe yung mga
experience observations niyo while commuting the bus so firstly po can you describe to us yung
mga obserbasyon niyo at saka mga experience niyo sa paghinintay ng bus.
R20: Minsan kasi kapag naghihintay ka ng bus, minsan punuan, kung minsan yung iba
sumasabit, eh di ka naman makakasabit kasi PWD ka eh talagang ayun maghihintay ka nung di
ganoon karaming sumasakay. Siguro may matagal na pagitan yung paghihintay mo sa labas lalo
na kapag mga rush hour na. Sa umaga, syempre madami pumapasok, punuan. Minsan kapag di
na ko makakasakay ng bus, mag FX nalang ako.
Interviewer: Pero gaano po kayo katagal naghihintay ng bus?
R20: Siguro mga 2 oras hanggang 3 oras. Kapag maaga ka talagang umaalis, maaga ka
makakarating ng trabaho. Kapag magigising ka ng 7, wala na. Talagang mahirap na makasakay
ng bus. Gagawin ko nalang magFX nalang ako.
Interviewer: Ok. Kamusta naman po yung experience niyo? Nakakaupo po ba kayo kasi
napansin ko nakasaklay po kayo.
R20: Minsan po nakapag experience ako nakatayo.
Interviewer: Ilang oras? Gaano po katagal?
R20: Siguro mga dalawang oras. Hindi mo makikita sa bus yung dito na kayo, wala parang
patay malisya lang po sila. Dalawang oras nakatayo.
Interviewer: On average gaano katagal? Mga 30 mins?
R20: Matagal na din yun. Siguro mga sakay ko na uwing uwi siguro malalate na ko sakay na ko
dito bahala na,
Interviewer: Hindi po ba masakit sa thighs?
R20: Masakit po talaga. Lalo kapag nakatayo ka sa bus kasi nakakapit ka naman sa ano eh. May
once na yung namulikat paa mo. Syempre pag umandar yung bus, pwede ka masubsob.
Interviewer: kamusta naman yung ano? So kadalasan di po kayo nakakaupo?
R20: hindi. mahirap sumakay.
Interviewer: Kamusta naman yung accesibility ng bus stop?
R20: Yung bus, sabi ko nga sa driver at sa konduktor kung meron sana magpapa-upo, magpa
upo sila eh. Wala talagang patibayan ng mukha. Talagang mahirap ang mga pilipino, parang
walang silang mga common sense nalang. Yung pinuna mo, oh dito ka upo ka. Baliktad e. Mas
di papa-upuin yung PWD.
Interviewer: Meron po ba nagaganap na somehow discriminations?
R20: Meron. Minsan kasi and tao di mo masabi kung. Minsan naman kasi may makikita kang
tao na nagkukusa, boss upo na kayo ganun. Naka-experience naman ako doon sa papuntang
MRT naman, talagang papa-upuin ka. Kahit siksikan yan, basta may makitang PWD, aalalayan
ka pa. Pero sa bus, ay wala. Kaya mahirap talaga sumakay sa bus mga PWD.
Interviewer: Saan po kayo nag sasakay ng bus?
R20: Dati ang location ko dito sa monumento.
Interviewer: So doon kayo sumasakay
R20: Doon ako umuuwi dati sa tatay ko
Interviewer: Kaya niyo po ba idescribe samin yung bus stop.
R20: Ay wala pang bus stop dati. As in daan lang siya. Pero ngayon nagbago na ngayon dito sa
monumento. Diba dati may mga sasakayan diyan mga ilalim ibabaw, pero ngayon mahirap na
sumakay diyan.
Interviewer: Yung sabi niyo po na, so paano po yun dalawang oras kayo nakatayo. Paano yung
bilad kayo sa araw, tapos kapag umuulan paano yun basang basa kayo?
R20: Kapag umuulan, dala ka jacket. Ganon talaga. Di ka naman pwede maghintay sa hindi mo
makikita yung bus.
Interviewer: Paano po pag sobrang init? Di ba kayo naheheat stroke sa sobrang init?
R20: Syempre babaon ako tubig. Kapag mainit iinom ako tubig kasi babaon ako tubig para di
ma-stroke.
Interviewer: So in short, bilad po kayo sa lahat ng weather.
R20: Oo mas lalo na kapag summer. Kaya kailangan magbaon ka ng tubig.
Interviewer: Kamusta naman po security niyo doon?
R20: Saan?
Interviewer: Sa bus stop habang nag-aantay. Kasi kwento ni sir rc(?) kanina parang ilang beses
na siya naholdap. Kayo po ba natakot po ba kayo sa security niyo doon?
R20: Hindi naman. Ako kasi noong sumasakay dati ng bus kung hoholdapin nila ko wala naman
sila maholdap sakin. Bigay ko saklay ko sa kanila dalawa. Hahaha. Wala ako ibibigay sakanila
kasi wala ako pera. Ayun. Cellphone ko noon keypad pa eh. 5110 mga sinaunang cellphone
ayun. Kung pera talaga, wala akong pera.
Interviewer: Sabi niyo po, sa gilid ng daan yung sakayan diba?
R20: Oo sa gilid yung sakayan.
Interviewer: Hindi po ba kayo natatakot na masagi kayo ng sasakyan o mabunggo kayo.
R20: Hindi naman po kasi kapag sasakay ka dito ka. Hindi ka naman pwede dito ka. Kasi kung
dito ka mas mabilis makasay, dito nalang magaabang.
Interviewer: Kahit may pila? Dito parin kayo nag-aantay? Hindi po ba kayo unahan?
R20: Oo. Siksikan kasi eh. Pagpasok mo di ka naman pwede agad pag-akyat kasi nakasaklay ka
eh. Sasakay ako yung bus nakahinto talaga siya. Hindi ako sumasabay sa siksikan syempre
mamaya kung mahulog ka madisgrasya ka. Dati wala naman kasi pila. Walang siksikan.
Interviewer: Wala po bang tipong markings dito na oh itong lane na to pang PWD to.
R20: Wala na. Meron dati sa ano MRT pero sa mga bus wala.
Interviewer: Kahit ruta walang nakalagay? Ito yung route map andito ka ngayon dito papunta
yun bus.
R20: Noong dati kasi, noong ano pa wala pa ko nakikita na ruta. Dati kapag nakakita ng bus
wala pa nakalagay na PWD, Senior, wala pa noon eh. Siguro 1990 pa wala pa mga ganon pa
nagbago lahat nung mga 2000 nalang. Naglagay na sila ng mga signs PWD, Senior citizens, mga
buntis. Maganda na ngayon may mga sign up na hindi ka na mahirapan sumakay ng bus ngayon.
Interviewer: Kamusta naman po yung pagsakay niyo ng bus? Hindi po ba kayo naguunahan?
Maayos naman yung order ng pila? Kumbaga…
R20: Ayy meron pa din. Pero, nakakaupo naman ako sa loob ng bus kasi alam nila agad na
kapag nakita ako, PWD ako. Kasi, kapag PWD, mas priority na nila. Kahit naman mahuli ka
syempre PWD, oh mauna PWD isasakay ka niya. Una na yung mga PWD, tapos senior, tapos
buntis makaka-upo pa din. Ayun ngayon. Kunwari ngayon mas maganda na ngayon kasi meron
na tayo mga reserve. Mga PWD, senior,buntis. Pero, yung kapag sasampa ka ng bus, ay
paunahan talaga. Magulo. Suwertehan nalang kapag nakita ka ng konduktor o driver dahil sa
siksikan.
Interviewer: Kamusta naman po yung experience niyo doon sa loob ng bus? Nakasakay na kayo
sa loob ng bus papunta sa destinasyon, kamusta ang experience?
R20: Paminsan masaya, minsan malungkot, pagod, hirap, talagang mag sasakripisyo ka eh.
Interviewer: Bakit po masaya?
R20: Ayun kasi kapag masaya kumbaga para kang nacchallenge. Kahit PWD ka, go ka lang ng
go. Para mabuhay tayo. Di naman tayo pwede umasa sa kapitbahay natin. Kailangan mo talaga
magtrabaho.
Interviewer: I mean specifically sa bus ride niyo mismo, bakit po kayo masaya sa bus ride?
R20: Kasi dati kasi gusto ko lagi sasakay ng bus kaysa sa ayoko sakyan yung jeep kasi parang
mabagal yung jeep eh. Dito sa bus, madami upuan, pwede ka palipat-lipat, yung hangin malakas.
Pero sa jeep pulido yan eh. Sa bus pwede ka lumipat sa mga upuan.
Interviewer: Kumbaga komportable?
R20: Oo komportable ka.
Interviewer: Ok. So nakakaupo naman kayo sa bus noh?
R20: Oo nakakaupo naman.
Interviewer: So kamusta naman experience niyo sa pagbaba ng bus?
R20: Pagbaba nagsasabi ako sa konduktor. Sabi ko, brad paki-ano muna kasi pwd bababa ako
mahirapan ako bumaba. Sige ako bahala sayo bale may nag aalalay. Aalalayan ka pababa.
Interviewer: Bale may nagaalalay.
R20: Opo. Alalayan ka niya.
Interviewer: Ok. So satisfied kayo sa pag-baba?
R20: Oo. Di naman ako hirap.
Interviewer: Kuya kung irarate niyo overall experience niyo like yung overall bus experience
from 1 to 5. 1 being extremely unsatisfied, 5 being extremely satisfied. Anong ibibigay niyong
rating?
R20: Siguro mga 1.
Interviewer: 1? Bakit?
R20: Kasi ma-ano ang bus eh meron talaga tutulong sayo kahit na magsasabi ka talaga sa
konduktor. Kahit hindi sila nag aalok, talagang pupuntahan ka nila. Oh sir bababa na po ba kayo?
Pupuntahan ka nila tapos sasabhian ka tapos sila magaalalay sayo.
Interviewer: Baka po di niyo nagets yung rating. 1 is yung pinakamababa.
R20: Ah 1 pinakamababa
Interviewer: 1 is yung di kayo satisfied talaga. 5 satisfied kayo. Ano bibigay niyo na rating?
R20: Siguro mga 5
Interviewer: Ok 5. Sabi niyo po may tutulong talaga sainyo. Magsasabi ka lang. Ok what else?
Sa tingin niyo po ba inclusive yung bus experience niyo naccheck yung needs niyo as a PWD
commuter? Nabibigay ba ng bus?
R20: Sa ngayon oo, yung dati wala eh bahala ka sa buhay mo diyan. Pero ngayon, ngayon kasi
kapag nakita ka PWD talagang bababa yung konduktor eh. Alalayan ka. Kahit sumakay ka sa
aircon ngayon kasi puro mga ano ngayon aircon ngayon. Konduktor alalayan ka ayun.
Interviewer: May nakikita kayo kailangan iimprove doon? Para mapaganda yung experience
niyo?
R20: Talagang dapat mabigyan response ng gobyerno ang PWD kapag sasakay tapos bababa.
Tapos kung saan sila, kunwari galing ka sa trabaho mo, kung saan ka bababa meron talaga
tutulong sayo. Yung meron talagang mag-aalalay para di ka mahirapan bumaba sa bus.
Interviewer: Ano po age nila?
R20: 42.
Interviewer: Occupation?
R20: Male. Ay trabaho?
Interviewer: Trabaho.
R20: Sa ngayon wala pa. Dito ako sa ano kooperatiba kami.
Interviewer: Ah kayo po ba yung nagtatahi?
R20: Ay hindi po ako. Meron po kasi kaming staff na hire sa Malaria. Pagawaan namin dito ng
mga novelty items. Kami nagtatahi.
Interviewer: So ano po work niyo dito?
R20: Kapag meron po mga seminar o training nagpupunta po ako dito. Kapag meron po ako
work load doon ako sa Cubao, assitant staff po ako doon.
Interviewer: Saan po ba kayo nakatira?
R20: Doon sa Malaria Bulacan.
Interviewer: Alright thank you po Sir ___!
Interview Profile and Transcription - Bus Driver 1
Interviewer: Magandang Umaga po. Ako po si Vinccent Alvarez from De La Salle University.
Ako po ay isang engineering undergrad na kasalukuyang kumukuha ng thesis subject. Ang thesis
ko po ay nakasentro sa pag-didisenyo at pahusayin ang mga bus stops/shelters sa Metro Manila.
BD1: Hello po
Interviewer: Mabilis lang po itong interview, pwede na po ba tayong mag start?
BD1: Opo
Interviewer: Ano ang pangalan mo?
BD1: ____ po
Interviewer: Ilan years ka na?
BD1: 36
Interviewer: Ilang years ka na pong bus driver?
BD1: 16 o 17 years na po
Interviewer: Anong bus route ang trinatrabaho mo?
BD1: Dati dun sa EDSA ako, pero ngayon sa Las Pinas na po
Interviewer: Ahh alright po
Interviewer: Paki Describe po yung experience mo na pagiging bus driver?
BD1: Okay naman, enjoy naman ako sa trabaho ko.
Interviewer: Bakit po enjoy kayo?
BD1: Eh kasi hindi namang masyadong mahirap na mag drive at comportable naman kami dito.
Kaya kung tatanungin mo yung mga bus drivers, marami sila ay long term na mga 10 years and
above.
Interviewer: Ah alright po, mabuti naman po. Paki describe naman po yung experiences mo
papunta at padating sa mga bus stops?
BD1: Papunta, nandun lang kami sa kalye. Okay lang naman… Yun nga minsan traffic, minsan
hindi. Yun lang naman, minsan mahirap kung maraming sumisingit pero okay lang naman po
yung experience ko.
Interviewer: Alright po, sa padating sa bus stops naman?
BD1: Sa padating naman ng bus stops tsaka terminals, okay lang rin naman. Bumababa at
nagsusundo lang po kami ng mga pasahero.
Interviewer: Hindi naman po kayo nahihirapan papunta dun sa stops? May mga problema po ba
kayo na nararanasan.
BD1: Ay wala naman po, hindi na nahihirapan sa mga bus stops. Sa tingin ko yung mga
pasahero ay mas nahihirapan dun sa stops.
Interviewer: Bakit po?
BD1: Eh kasi dun sa mga stops, yung mga pasahero naman yung nag aantay, hindi kaming bus
drivers. Minsan matagal sila doon nakatayo lang.
Interviewer: Oo nga agree po, palagi po ba silang nagaantay? Napupuno ba yung bus stops?
BD1: Opo nagaantay sila, pero hindi naman masyadong matagal po. Mga 5-10 mins average po.
Kung rush hour minsan umaabot ng 20-30 minutes pero hindi naman umaabot ng isang oras.
Interviewer: Ah alright po, napupuno po ba yung mga stops?
BD1: Minsan lang po napupuno kapag rush hour, pero kapag hindi rush hour hindi naman po.
Interviewer: Alright po, may iba po bang experiences po kayo o observations na gusto niyong
ishare tungkol sa padating sa mga bus stops?
BD1: Wala naman po
Interviewer: Alright po, kamusta naman po yung experiences mo pa alis at papunta sa next
destination niyo po?
BD1: Pareho lang naman sa sagot ko kanina, yung tinanong mo akong papunta sa bus stops.
Wala namang experiences po, nagmamaneho lang po. Minsan traffic at minsan hindi pero hindi
naman problema yun sa amin sir.
Interviewer: Alright po, kamusta naman yung mga pasahero?
BD1: Okay naman rin sila, komportable sila lahat sila naka upo kasi ngayon hindi na pwede
yung standing sa loob ng bus. Aircon rin naman po. Walang problema rin sila kapag nasa loob na
sila ng bus.
Interviewer: Ah alright po, may ibang experiences na gusto niyo i share po?
BD1: Wala na po
Interviewer: Alright, yun lang po. Thank you so much
BD1: Maraming salamat rin ser

Interview Profile and Transcription - Bus Controller 1

Interviewer: Magandang Hapon po. Ako po si Vinccent Alvarez from De La Salle University.
Ako po ay isang engineering undergrad na kasalukuyang kumukuha ng thesis subject. Ang thesis
ko po ay nakasentro sa pag-didisenyo at pahusayin ang mga bus stops/shelters sa Metro Manila.
BDT1: Ah okay po, magandang hapon po
Interviewer: Pwede na po ba tayong mag start?
BDT1: Yes po
Interviewer: Sige po, ano po ang pangalan mo?
BDT1: _____ po
Interviewer: Ilan taon na po kayo?
BDT1: 39 years old na po
Interviewer: Okay po, Bus Controller po kayo diba?
BDT1: Yes po, controller po ngayon tsaka inspector po dati.
Interviewer: Ilan years na po kayo nagtratrabaho sa mga Bus?
BDT1: Almost 18 years na
Interviewer: Paki describe po yung experiences mo sa trabaho mo
BDT1: Dati nung inspector ako, nahihirapan talaga ako kasi madami po nagagalit kung nahuhuli
sila. Hindi na ako tumagal sa inspector kaya nag controller na ako. Sa controller po, okay naman
yung trabaho. Hindi naman ako nahihirapan kasi nan dun lang kami sa mga bus stops.
Interviewer: Ah alright po, so mas mahaba kang controller?
BDT1: Yes po
Interviewer: Pakidescribe po yung experiences niyo dun sa mga bus stops mismo dahil nandun
ka lang palagi
BDT1: Okay naman po yung trabaho ko sa Bus stops, hindi naman kami nag kakaproblema.
Nacocontrol namin naman yung mga pasahero, pinapa-pila namin sila nang maayos. Pero
ngayon, kaunti nalang yung mga bus stops kaya medyo nahihirapan yung mga pasahero. Mas
maganda kung iparamihan nila yung mga bus stops.
Interviewer: Ah alright po.. Napupuno ba yung mga bus stops?
BDT1: Ay oo po, mahaba na po yung mga pila sa bus stops, ngayon kasi bawal na yung mga
standing sa loob ng bus kasi sa Social Distancing. Hindi nila pinapapasok kung wala nang upuan
sa bus.
Interviewer: Nagkakagulo ba doon sa bus stops?
BDT1: Hindi naman po, pinapapila namin ng maayos. Napupuno lang kasi kaunti lang yung mga
Unit na dumadating. Dumadami yung pasahero kasi sabay sabay yung mga labas nila.
Interviewer: Ah alright po, mahaba ba silang nag aantay ng mga bus?
BDT1: Hindi rin po, mga 5 to 10 minutes lang sila nagaantay. 30 minutes max
Interviewer: Okay po, may mga ibang experiences po na gusto ninyo i share tungkol sa bus
stops bukod sa mga pasahero?
BDT1: Wala naman po, okay naman po yung trabaho ko dun sa bus stops. Wala namang
problem na na-experience ko bukod sa mga nagagalit na pasahero. Sa tingin ko, para mapaganda
yung mga bus stops, kailangan talaga iparamihan yung mga stops kasi medyo konti po yung
stops at malayo sa mga tao. At maganda rin iparamihan yung mga units ng bus rin para hindi na
napapuno and humaba yung mga pila.
Interviewer: Agreed rin naman po, may mga experiences ba na gusto ninyo i share tungkol sa
design ng bus stop?
BDT1: Ah hindi naman po, comportable naman kami dun sa bus stops, hindi naman kami
nahihirapan talaga. Last nalang po, sa tingin ko mas maganda kung walang bayad sa bus stop,
mas magkakagulo kasi kung babayad bago sumakay ng Bus.
Interviewer: Alright po, yun lang po, maraming salamat po!
BDT1: Maraming salamt rin po sir

Interview Profile and Transcription - Bus Dispatcher 2

Interviewer: Good evening po sir! Industrial engineering student researchers po kami from De
La Salle University and may kino-conduct po kami na study ukol sa public bus transportation.
Maaari po ba namin kayo mainterview? Kahit saglit lang po hehe…
BDT2: Ah okay naman sa akin.
Interviewer: All right po. Ano po name pala nila?
BDT2: ahh Kuya ___
Interviewer: Ano po last name nila?
BDT2: ____.
Interviewer: All right po. So good evening po Kuya ___! Una po sa lahat, maraming salamat po
dahil pinaunlakan ninyo po po kami upang gawin itong interbyu. As in, malaking tulong po yung
inyong mga tugon sa interbyu natin. Bago po ako magsimula, inform ko lang po kayo about as
goal po ng aming study. So, our team po would want to understand yung mga experiences ng
mga stakeholders involved dun sa provision of public city bus services, specifically mga
commuters, drivers, conductors, dispatchers, marshals, etc. Like kayo po na nakastation po kayo
dito sa ayala, sa sakayan ng bus po mismo. As a bus dispatcher, we want to know your
experience in terms of dispatching buses at ano po yung mga obserbasyon niyo dito habang
isinasagawa niyo po yung pag-didispatch ng mga bus. Bilang pagsunod po namin sa data privacy
act of 2012, lahat po ng impormasyon na ibibigay niyo ay mananatiling confidential at gagamitin
lang po para sa aming study. So Kuya Roland, do I have your consent po in doing this interview?
BDT2: Yep.
Interviewer: All right po. So, first question ko po is, gaano na po kayo katagal nagtatrabaho
bilang isang bus dispatcher?
BDT2: Ahh mga 6 years na akong nagtatrabaho as dispatcher. Nung mga simula nung 2021 ako
na-destino dito sa may ayala station, sa may edsa carousel. Pero, nung mga 2020, nung
pinayagan nang lumabas yung tao, nakadestino ako dun sa may shaw.
Interviewer: Ahh ok po. So para po sa mga susunod ko pong mga tanong, I would request you
po to vividly describe your experience. Kumbaga, pakidetalyado po yung mga experiences and
observations niyo po relating to the questions that I will be asking.
BDT2: Ok.
Interviewer: Pakilarawan po yung mga experiences and observations niyo po working as a
dispatcher.
BDT2: Uhh sa buong 6 years ba na nagwowork ako as a dispatcher? O yung ngayon lang?
Interviewer: Yung recent lang po.
BDT2: Compared noon, mas okay ngayon kasi may sistema.
Interviewer: Paano pong may sistema?
BDT2: Kumbaga, pipila ang mga tao. Tapos, syempre andito ako tsaka may marshal na gagabay
sa mga tao.
Interviewer: Ano pong ibig-sabihin niyo na gagabayan yung mga tao?
BDT2: Kumbaga kung ilang tao ang pasasakayin kasi may limit pa din tayo kung ilang tao ang
pwedeng sumakay sa bus.
Interviewer: Ok po. Kaso pansin ko po, medyo may kahabaan ang pila at yung stop natin ay tent
lang. Paano niyo po masasabi na maayos ngayon kaysa noon?
BDT2: Yan ang kakulangan naman. Una, wala kaming ilaw.
Interviewer: Ok po.
BDT2: Wala kaming ilaw kasi nga tent lang ito. Kadalasan, nagdadala pa kami ng flashlight para
lang makita yung mga dokumento.
Interviewer: Ok…
BDT2: Pangalawa, pag naulan, nababasa ang mga tao.
Interviewer: Oo nga po… pansin ko po.
BDT2: Yung mga tao, nagpapayong sa labas kasi mahaba ang pila… Ehh ang liit lang ng tent
natin dito. Malas mo nalang kung wala kang payong. Hindi ka naman pwedeng sumilong diyan
sa may harap ng jollibee kasi daanan ng tao yan at mawawala ka sa pila.
Interviewer: Ok po. Ano pa po?
BDT2: Sana may signs din dito. Yung route map kumbaga, kung anong istasyon ito, at kung
saan yung pila.
Interviewer: Bakit po?
BDT2: Eh kasi may mga taong nagtatanong sa amin kung saan daw yung pila. Minsan, may mga
nagtatanong kung anong susunod na station pagkatapos ng ayala. Bale, lagi nalang kaming
tinatanungan. Ehh syempre di naman namin masasgot lahat ng mga tanong nila kasi busy kami
dito.
Interviewer: Ok…
BDT2: Kaya maganda sana kung may mga sign board dito para dun nalang titingin ang mga tao.
Interviewer: Ok po. Papaano naman po yung sa line of work niyo? Ano po yung mga naging
karanasan niyo?
BDT2: Ako kasi ang trabaho ko ay mag dispatch ng bus. Ako yung in-charge sa pag aasikaso ng
mga bus drivers sa pagdating nila dito at sa pag-alis nila. Ganun din sa mga pasahero,
inaalalayan namin sila paakyat at pag-baba mula bus. Yung mga galing ng southbound.
Interviewer: Ok po.
BDT2: Tapos, pag nasiraan, ako yung mag-raradyo ng mga mag-aayos.
Interviewer: Nakaranas na po ba kayo ng ganyan sitwasyon?
BDT2: Ayy oo. Maraming beses na. Kaya minsan, dehado ang mga pasahero kasi kailangan
nilang mag-antay. Pero minsan, nag-raradyo ako ng back-up na bus para tuloy-tuloy pa din.
Interviewer: Ok. Kamusta naman po yung obserbasyon niyo dun? Yung sa may nasiraan?
BDT2: Ah ok naman. Dadating yung mga mag-aayos. Mahirap lang pag gabi na kasi walang
ilaw. Isa pa, traffic. Ang hirap pumwesto para mag-ayos kasi dito sa lane ng edsa carousel, may
mg tumatawid na ibang sasakyan. Ehh dapat, pang-bus lang ito diba?
Interviewer: Opo, tama.
BDT2: Kaya ayun.
Interviewer: All right po. Maraming salamat po Kuya ___ para sa oras niyo.
BDT2: Ok. Sana nakatulong ako sa inyo.
Interviewer: Oho naman! Malaking tulong po talaga.

Interview Profile and Transcription - Bus Driver 2

Interviewer: Good afternoon po Chairman!
BD2: Ay good afternoon! Taga saan ka?
Interviewer: Industrial engineering student po ako from De La Salle University and may kino-
conduct po akong study ukol sa public bus transportation. Maaari ko po ba kayo mainterview?
Actually galing po ako dun sa office ng TAS Trans sa may Pamplona. Nakausap ko po si Sir
Marvin and Sir Jeff about this, and pinayagan na po nila ako na interviewhin po kayo.
BD2: Ah okay. Marami na din na estudyante ng La Salle ang nag-interbyu sa akin para sa mga
ganyan na thesis.
Interviewer: Ahh all right po. Kamusta naman po yung mga interbyu nila sa inyo?
BD2: Uhh mga mababait na bata. Nakakasagot naman ako sa mga tanong nila… Ehh akala ko
kasi yung mga tanong ay mahirap. Hindi naman pala.
Interviewer: Ahh all right po. Ano po pala name nila?
BD2: _____
Interviewer: Ahh ok po. Kuya ____, banggitin ko lang po sa inyo yung parang objective ng
study na ginagawa ng team namin.
BD2: Ok.
Interviewer: So yung objective po ng study is to understand yung mga experiences ng mga
stakeholders involved dun sa pag-bibigay ng public city bus services, specifically mga
commuters, drivers, conductors, dispatchers, marshalls, etc. Bale kayo po pala, ano po yung
inyong trabaho?
BD2: Bale bus at truck driver ako for 45 years.
Interviewer: Ahh ang tagal po nun ah! Since nag-simula kayo maging bus driver, dito na po
kayo sa TAS Trans nagtatrabaho?
BD2: Ahh hindi. Nagsimula akong magmaneho ng mga truck. Seventeen (17) [palang ako] noon,
nagmamaneho na ako ng mga [delivery] truck. Tapos, after mga ten (10) years doon, naging
truck driver ako sa Saudi.
Interviewer: Ahh OFW po pala kayo?
BD2: Oho… matagal akong nagtrabaho sa Saudi. Malaki kasi bayaran noon doon. Pero, dahil
may mga isyu ng forced na resignation at minsan may mga diskriminasyon dun, mas pinili kong
umuwi nalang dito. Malaki pa ang bayad dito kaysa doon noong kalaunan. Tapos, noong umuwi
ako, tsaka ako napunta sa TAS Trans, hanggang ngayon.
Interviewer: Ahh that’s great po. So ayun po noh? Gusto ko po kasing maintindihan yung mga
karanasan niyo at mga obserbasyon bilang bus driver, lalo na ngayon po na pandemic, syempre
may kaibahan po sa sistema.
BD2: Tama ka diyan. Iba talaga ngayon.
Interviewer: So ayun po. Bago po ako magsimula, please do know po na lahat ng mga
information na sasabihin ninyo ay mananatiling confidential po and will solely be used for
academic purposes, as part of our strict compliance to the data privacy act of 2012. So, do I have
po your consent to do this interview?
BD2: Yes.
Interviewer: Ok po.
BD2: Yep.
Interviewer: So, pakilarawan po yung mga experiences and observations niyo po working as a
bus driver for Tas Trans.
BD2: Una sa lahat, natutuwa ang mga tao kasi nakabalik na kami sa pag-hahatid ng mga
pasahero.
Interviewer: Bakit po sila natutuwa?
BD2: Kilala kasi ang TAS Trans, lalo na sa mga lasalista. Bumabiyahe kami diyan sa may taft at
lawton sa may pasay. Lalo na dito sa Las Pinas. Matunog ang pangalan ng TAS at San Agustin.
Interviewer: Pag-aari din po ba ng TAS ang San Agustin?
BD2: Oo. Actually, sister company namin ang San Agustin.
Interviewer: Ok po. Ano pa po?
BD2: Ang mga pasahero, dagsaan minsan. Kami kasi, pumipick up kami ng mga pasahero dito
sa terminal at habang pabyahe kami, sa gilid ng daan. Sa terminal, sakto lang kasi kahit di
napupuno ang bus, bumabyahe na yan.
Interviewer: Ok po. Pano naman po kapag rush hour?
BD2: Kapag rush hour, tsaka madaming tao dito sa terminal. Pero kadalasan, dumadami ang
pasahero namin dahil sa pag-sakay ng mga pasaherong nag-aabang along sa ruta namin, sa gilid
ng daan.
Interviewer: Ok po. Kamusta namana po yung mga pasaherong sumasaky mula sa gilid ng
daan?
BD2: Minsan okay naman, minsa hindi.
Interviewer: Bakit ninyo po nasabi iyan?
BD2: Kasi kapag puno na kami sa loob ng bus, sila pa ang galit. Kasi diba pinayagan na ng
LTFRB ang pag-tayo sa loob ng bus? Kaya ayun dinadagsa ang loob ng mga pasahero. Kapag
puno na, sasabihin namin sa mga papasakay palang na mga pasahero na hindi na kami tatanggap
kasi puno na kami.
Interviewer: Ok po… ano po ang nagyayari? Sumusunod naman sila?
BD2: Ayy hindi. Talagang ipipilit nila sarili nila sa loob.
Interviewer: Ahh ok.. so ano po ang ginagawa niyo?
BD2: Aba’y wala kaming magagawa. Kasi mahirap dahil bus driver ako, iisa lang yung
conductor, so mahirap mag-manage ng mga pasahero.
Interviewer: Ok po. Bakit po ganyan ang mga pasahero?
BD2: Ehh kasi, yung iba gusto nang makauwi o late na sila sa pupuntahan nila. Kaya, ipipilit nila
yung sarili nila sa loob ng bus. Yung iba naman, sadyang gusto lang talaga makasakay kasi lahat
naman ng tao ehh naiinip diba?
Interviewer: Gaano po ba sila nagaantay doon?
BD2: sa mga naririnig ko nag-aantay sila ng mga 15 minutes or 20 minutes.
Interviewer: Okay.. bakit ninyo po nasasabing naiinip sila?
BD2: Nag-aantay sila ng medyo matagal at dahil nag-aantay lang sila sa gilid kung saan dadaan
yung bus, syempre bilad sila sa init. Tapos kapag umulan naman, perwisyo yun. Yun talaga pag
maulan, talagang siksikan talaga ang pag-sakay, unahan.
Interviewer: Ok po.
BD2: Lalo na sa ibang istasyon. Box out talaga ang mga tao makasakay lang sa loob. Minsan,
bumabiyahe ka, isa lang bababa, pero sampu ang sasakay. Ehh saan naman namin ilalagay yung
sampu diba? Kaya maganda sana kung meron parang timer gaya nung sa EDSA carousel para
alam ng tao kung sasakay ba sila o hindi. Para may disiplina kasi nasa tao din yan eh.
Interviewer: Tama po. Eh kamusta naman po yung pagmamaneho ninyo? Ano po ang karanasan
ninyo? Kamusta po yungparang working environment ninyo?
BD2: Ahh ok naman. Syempre maraming sumasakay, marami akong biyahe na binabaybay.
Kaya minsan, masakit sa puwetan pag nakaupo ka nang matagal at sa braso kasi syempre may
kabigatan yung steering wheel.
Interviewer: Ahh ok po. Paano po ba nakaapekto yun sa braso ninyo?
BD2: Kapag medyo kailangang iliko talaga yung bus, talagang mapepwersa yung braso mo.
Kaya, ewan ko lang kung napapansin mo, lalo na noong bago mag pandemic, ang mga driver
titigil sa daan, pero malapit sa sidewalk. Kumbaga, hindi na sila gumigilid ng paloob, yung
parang sa emergency bay.
Interviewer: Ahh ok po. Bakit po?
BD2: Ehh kasi nga ilang beses mong gagawin yung para makasakay mga pasahero. Masakit sa
braso at hassle kapag bibiyahe na uli.
Interviewer: Ahh ok po. Pero hindi po ba nakokompromiso yung safety ng mga pasahero pag-
sakay?
BD2: Ahh hindi naman kasi sidewalk na yung gilid ehh. Sa pinakagilid ako nagsasakay ng mga
pasahero. Pero minsa, medyo malayo sa sidewalk, baka may sasakyang biglang pumasok sa
sakayan ng mga tao. Pero, yung conductor, maingat yan lalo na sa mga pwd at senior kasi
priority sila.
Interviewer: Ok po. Kamusta naman po yung mga pasahero habang bumabaybay kayo?
BD2: Ahh ok naman sila. Komportable sila, aircon naman. Minsan, may mga taong umaangal
sila kahit na malamig na, mga papansin lang. Kasi malamig naman sa thermostat ko, malamig
naman.
Interviewer: Ok po. How about po dun sa kapag magpapababa na kayo ng mga pasahero?
BD2: Maingan naman sila sa pagbaba. Minsan, inaalalayan ng conductor ko yung mga pwd,
senior, at buntis.
Interviewer: All right po. Maraming salamat po Kuya Romeo. Yun lamang po ang aking mga
katanungan.
BD2: Salamat din! Sana nakatulong ako sa thesis niyo. Maganda iyang ginagawa niyo kasi yan
talaga ang kailangan natin, maayos na transportasyon. Marami na kasing sasakyan sa daan, tapos
dadagdagan pa. Kaya lalong nag-ttraffic ehh.
Interviewer: Tama po kayo diyan.
BD2: Kaya minsan, may mga may-kaya sa buhay na nag-bubus kasi anuhin mo ba naman kotse
mo na mahal na ang gas, traffic pa? Ehh sa bus, wala kang poproblemahin. Mura lang ibabayad
mo, nakaupo ka, makakapagpahinga ka pa.
Interviewer: Tama po kayo diyan hehe.
BD2: So ayun lang naman.
Interview Profile and Transcription - Bus Conductor 2
Interviewer: Magandang Hapon po. Ako po si Vinccent Alvarez from De La Salle University.
Ako po ay isang engineering undergrad na kasalukuyang kumukuha ng thesis subject. Ang thesis
ko po ay nakasentro sa pag-didisenyo at pahusayin ang mga bus stops/shelters sa Metro Manila.
BC1: Magandang hapon po
Interviewer: Pwede na po ba mag start sa interview?
BC1: Opo
Interviewer: Sige po, mga general questions muna. Ano ang full name mo?
BC1: ____
Interviewer: Ilan taon ka na?
BC1: 37 years old
Interviewer: Ilan years ka na nagtratrabaho sa mga bus?
BC1: Dati conductor ako for 9 years, ngayon mag th-three years na ako na marshall
Interviewer: Ano ang mga ibang bus route na naka trabaho ka?
BC1: Ay, marami po, sa EDSA, Manila Bus… nag provincial bus rin ako dati
Interviewer: Sige po, since mahaba kang naging conductor, ask ko muna yung mga experiences
mo na pagiging conductor, tapos yung pagiging marshall pagkatapos.
BC1: Sige po
Interviewer: Paki describe mo ang experience mo na pagiging conductor
BC1: Okay naman ang experience ko. Medyo sanay na rin, hindi naman ako nahihirapan. Siguro
yung pinaka mahirap lang sa pagiging conductor ay yung oras. Mahaba talaga, gumigising ako
ng madaling araw at umuuwi na ako sa gabi.
Interviewer: Alright po, meron po bang ibang experience na gusto mo ishare? Kahit good
experiences or bad experiences.
BC1: Ay wala naman po, normal na lang po yun sa akin kasi.
Interviewer: Sige po, pakidescribe nalang po yung experience mo pagdating sa mga bus stops as
a conductor muna.
BC1: Ah tatawag lang po ng mga pasahero. Dati magulo talaga dahil kahit saan po umaakyat at
bumababa pero ngayon napansin ko na hindi naman magulo sa mga bus stops. Minsan may
pasahero, minsan wala. Pero hindi naman humahaba yung pila doon.
Interviewer: Ah alright po, wala po kayong ibang experiences na gusto niyo ishare tungkol sa
pagdating sa bus stop? May mga problema ba kayong na notice? Or may mga bagay na tuwa
kayo tungkol sa bus stop?
BC1: Ahh wala naman akong problema o comment. Madali naman magsakay ng pasahero sa
bus, kami lang yung tumatawag. Pero minsan may mga pasahero na hindi alam kung saan sila
pupunta, kahit anong bus lang pinapasukan nila. Pero, madali lang naman tulangan sila.
Interviewer: Sige po, pakidescribe naman po yung experience mo pagdating sa bus stops as a
marshall po.
BC1: Nagchechek lang kami ng mga pasahero, kung tama ang mga bilang nila.
Interviewer: May iba pang experiences na gusto niyo ishare tungkol sa pagdating sa bus stop?
BC1: Pag nasa bus stop kami, bumababa kami ng bus at dun lang kami sa kalsada o sa may bus
stop. Medyo mahirap at nakakapagod lang kasi nasa labas lang kami. Palagi kaming na-aarawan
at minsan nauulanan pa.
Interviewer: Ahh, oonga po mahirap po yan, wala po bang mga bubong dun sa area?
BC1: Siyempre meron naman, pero mainit pa rin kahit naman nasa shade, at kung umuulan
sobrang liit lang ng bubong mababasa ka pa rin.
Interviewer: Alright po. Pakidescribe naman po yung exeperience ng trabaho mo paalis ng mga
bus stops papunta sa next bus stop.
BC1: Ah nakakarelax na pagka paalis na kami. Naka upo na kami, naka aircon. Okay naman
yung experience ko pagkaalis na.
Interviewer: Wala po kayong ibang experiences to share po?
BC1: Kailangan ko lang i check kung tama yung bilang at kung tama and mga ticket nila. Wala
naman talagang problema pagaka alis na sa sakayan.
Interview: Alright, thank you po! Maraming salamat sir Ronald, yun lang ang mga tanong.
Thank you so much po!
BC1: Thank you rin po!
Interview Profile and Transcription - Bus Driver 3
Interviewer: Magandang Hapon po. Ako po si Vinccent Alvarez from De La Salle University.
Ako po ay isang engineering undergrad na kasalukuyang kumukuha ng thesis subject. Ang thesis
ko po ay nakasentro sa pag-didisenyo at pahusayin ang mga bus stops/shelters sa Metro Manila.
Interviewer: Start na tayo. Basic questions muna
BD3: Sige po
Interviewer: Ano ang pangalan mo?
BD3: _____
Interviewer: Ilan years ka na nagtratrabaho sa bus?
BD3: Mag 6 years na ako na driver, tapos 5 years ako nagconductor bago maging driver ako
Interviewer: Anong bus po?
BD3: HM Transport
Interviewer: Sa metro manila po ba yan?
BD3: Opo parehas sa metro manila tsaka provincial rin.
Interviewer: Ah so yung routes niyo manila hanggang provincial?
BD3: Opo, pero mayroon rin city operations, tsaka provincial operations
Interviewer: Ah sige po, pwede po padescribe muna yung experience sa trabaho mo?
BD3: Madali lang po, maganda na ngayon yung sistema
Interviewer: Paki explain po anong nararanasan mo pagkapunta sa mga Bus stops.
BD3: Sa naoobserbahan ko, mas maayos na yung sistema. Hindi na magulo gaya sa dati kung
kahit saan lang umaakyat at bumababa sa bus. Hindi na magulo kasi parang point to point na. Na
notice ko na hindi na masyadong matagal ang pag antay ng mga pasahero. Pinatagal na yung 45
minutes.
Interviewer: Bukod sa naoobservahan mo, ano ang experience mo sa trabaho mo sa bus stops?
BD3: Wala naman akong problema kasi na sa loob lang ako ng bus, naka aircon naman ako at
comportable naman. Pero, nakikita ko na nahihirapan talaga ang mga pasahero.
Interviewer: Bakit po sila nahihirapan?
BD3: Eh kasi symepre, kahit hindi na magulo kawawa pa rin kasi malayo sila sa mga bus stops.
Kailangan nila lumakad nang malayo para makapunta doon. Pero, napupuno pa rin pala sa mga
weekend at sa rush hour, pero hindi masyado.
Interviewer: Ahh okay po, so bukod sa pasahero wala namang ibang experience kayo sa trabaho
niyo sa bus stops na gusto niyo ishare?
BD3: Sa trabaho ko… wala naman talaga, traffic lang yung problema naman namin, pero okay
naman kasi naka upo kami tsaka may aircon. Nahihirapan lang ako sa oras. 16 - 18 hours a day
ako nag tratrabaho, 3 am to 9 pm.
Interviewer: Okay po. Paki describe rin po yung experience mo pagka alis ng bus stop papunta
sa destination.
BD3: Ahhh….. Experience ko… pareho lang naman sa sinabi ko kanina. Traffic lang yung
problema pero, comportable naman kasi may aircon tsaka naka upo naman.
Interviewer: Sige po, natanong ko na ata lahat, thank you so much!
BD3: Salamat rin po
Interview Profile and Transcription - Bus Driver 4
Interviewer: Magandang Gabi po. Ako po si Vinccent Alvarez from De La Salle University.
Ako po ay isang engineering undergrad na kasalukuyang kumukuha ng thesis subject. Ang thesis
ko po ay nakasentro sa pag-didisenyo at pahusayin ang mga bus stops/shelters sa Metro Manila.
Kailangan namin mag interview ng mga bus draybers, pwede na po bang mag start.
BD4: Opo sir
Interviewer: Sige, ano ang pangalan mo?
BD4: ______
Interviewer: Ilan taon ka na?
BD4: 43 years old
Interviewer: Ilan years ka na bus driver?
BD4: 23 years na po ako bus drivers, tapos 8 years ako nagdr-drive sa manila sa HM transport
po.
Interviewer: Paki describe po yung experience mo na pagiging bus driver
BD4: Napakahirap po, daming kasama sa kalsada na hindi alam mga roadsign. Yung mga jeep
and taxi sobrang hirap kasama sa kalsada. Kaming mga driver rin, hindi alam mga roadsign.
Maraming driver na gusto ang hanap buhay ay magmamaneho, pero marami sila hindi marunong
magbasa o magsulat. Dapat mag-aral muna sila nga ng atleast 2 years bago makakuha sila ng
professional license. Yung gobyerno naman, palagi nilang sinisisi ang mga driver. Mga bobo
daw sila, hindi alam mag drive. Pero dapat sila naman maging mas strict sa paghire ng mga
drivers. Kasi naman pagkatingin nila, driver lang naman. Pero, sila ang nagdr-drive sa mga tao.
100+ a day… responsable sila sa buhay ng mga pasahero. Kailangan talaga may kurso o lessons
sa pagiging bus driver bago nila
Interviewer: Opo agree naman doon, kahit sino nalang kasi pwede mag apply ng professional
license. Bukod doon, pwede po idescribe niyo po yung experience mo papunta at padating sa
mga bus stops
BD4: Ay, sa mga bus stops. Siksikan sa Bus lane. Two lanes lang, minsan one lane gaya sa
EDSA. Kapag may nasiraan mahirap na lumabas. Wala rin sa mga lugar yung mga bus stops,
mahirap puntahan ng mga pasahero, malayo. Malayo sa mall, malayo sa pinapasukan. Pero
ngayon, lahat ng pasahero nasa bawal. Alam mo kung bakit?
Interviewer: Hindi po, bakit?
BD4: Masyadong puno yung mga bus stops, lalo na sa rush hour. Kaya, pumunta yung pasahero
sa bawal. Bawal sumakay kung saan sila, pero yung mga bus drivers pinapasok pa rin para
magkapera. Hindi nakikinig yung mga pasahero sa mga enforces, tsaka hindi rin nakikinig yung
mga drivers. Minsan parang sardinas na yung mga bus stops kasi, at nagaaway na yung mga tao.
Interviewer: Bakit po kaya masyadong puno yung bus stops?
BD4: Maliit po kasi, siksikan talaga po kung sa rush hour. Dapat may pila pila system, pero
masyadong mareklamo yung mga pinoy. Kawawa yung mga senior citizen, palaging naguunahan
yung mga tao.
Interviewer: Oo nga po, I agree. May iba pa pong experience po kayo sa mga bus stops?
BD4: Bigay kita nalang ng example. Sa EDSA Carousel. Sobrang panget ng pagawa. Hindi sila
marunong. Panget talaga yung center island. Yung mga Bus nasa kanan ng pinto. Pero yung
pasahero sa kaliwa. Dadaan pa sila sa harap ng bus, sobrang delikado, minsan hindi makikita o
mapapansin ng driver, baka mabangga sila. Kailangan nasa kaliwa yung pintuan. Higit pa,
Delikado yung concrete barrier na nilagay nila doon. Kulang sa signange, minsan ang hirap
makita, ang daming disgrasya. Tsaka yung lane kasya lang isang bus pabor na pabor nila yung
mga private vehicles, kaya sumasalpok rin sa barrier yung mga bus. Tapos kung nangyari yun,
humahaba yung pila sa bus. Dapat two lanes minimum po.
Interviewer: Understood po, pwede po rin idescribe yung experience mo pagka alis ng bus stop
papunta sa next stop
BD4: Pero, nahihirapan lang ako sa mga reklamo ng pasahero. Kala nila pagnabayad na sila, sila
ang may-ari ng bus. Sobrang kapal minsan. Tapos, kapag napupuno yung bus, nagaaway na rin
yung mga pasahero. Hindi ko rin gusto yung mga bike lane, binagay sila ng priority pero wala
naman silang licensiya, walang rehistro, pero ba’t kami bawal dumaan doon?
Interviewer: Bukod sa mga passenger at sa bike lane, ano po ang experience niyo napagkadrive
papuntang bus stop?
BD4: Ah Comportable naman ako kapag namamaneho, aircon kasi so kung traffic comportable
pa naman ako.
Interviewer: Alright, thank you po! Natanong ko na lahat, maraming salamat ulit
BD4: Sige thank you rin

Interview Profile and Transcription - Bus Conductor 2

Interviewer: Magandang Umaga po. Ako po si Vinccent Alvarez from De La Salle University.
Ako po ay isang engineering undergrad na kasalukuyang kumukuha ng thesis subject. Ang thesis
ko po ay nakasentro sa pag-didisenyo at pahusayin ang mga bus stops/shelters sa Metro Manila.
Kailangan namin mag interview ng mga bus drivers, pwede na po bang mag start.
BC2: Ah hindi po ako bus driver, conductor lang po ako
Interviewer: Ah sorry po, opo kailangan rin namin mag interview ng mga conductors.
BC2: Sige po
Interviewer: Ano ang pangalan mo?
BC2: _____
Interviewer: Ilang taon ka na?
BC2: 34 years old na
Interviewer: Ilan years ka na nagtrabaho as conductor?
BC2: Mag 9 years na
Interviewer: Anong Bus route trinatrabaho mo?
BC2: Marami po, gaya nga baclaran to SM fairview
Interviewer: Ahhh okay po, pakidescribe po yung experience mo na pagiging conduktor.
BC2: Mahaba po yung oras, almost 16 hours a day po ako nagwowork
Interviewer: Alright po, pakidescribe po yung experience mo padating sa mga bus stops.
BC2: Dati, sobrang gulo dahil kahit saan lang nag aabang yung mga bus. Pero nung naglagay na
sila ng bus stops, naging okay na. Gumanda na yung pasakay at pababa ng mga bus. Kaya
sobrang importante talaga maglagay ng bus stops sa lahat ng babaan at akyatan.
Interviewer: Agree po, meron pa ba kayong ibang experience dun sa mga bus stops po?
BC2: Anong experiences po?
Interviewer: Kahit ano po, kung ano po nakikita niyo or nararanasan niyo po
BC2: Ah, sige. Diba sinabi ko mas maganda na ngayon. Kahit mas maganda, sa tingin ko
masyadong maliit pa rin yung mga bus stop. Hindi kumakasya lahat ng tao. Halimbawa kahapon,
nakita ko na hindi na kasya yung pila ng tao sa Carousel. Naging tatlong linya na yung pila
kailangan lakihan talaga. Inaabot na ng MRT yung pila.
Interviewer: Alright po, pakidescribe naman niyo po yung experiences ng trabaho niyo papunta
at padating sa bus stops, bukod sa mga pasahero.
BC2: Maayos naman, wala naman pong problema. Nasa aircon naman ako. Kahit minsan
magulo papunta sa bus stops hindi naman magulo sa bus kasi pinapapasok lang yung capacity
lang 55 persons. Mabuti naman yung experience ko, wala talagang hirap akong nararanasan,
yung oras lang po talaga ang nakakapagod.
Interviewer: Sige po, yung experience naman niyo po pagka alis ng bus stop papuntang next
stop?
BC2: Nakakrelax minsan, nasa aircon lang ako. Wala ring problema. Medyo hassle lang po
kung natraffic kami pero sanay na rin kami diyan.
Interviewer: Sige po, salamat !
Interview Profile and Transcription - Bus Conductor 3
Interviewer: Magandang Umaga po. Ako po si Vinccent Alvarez from De La Salle University.
Ako po ay isang engineering undergrad na kasalukuyang kumukuha ng thesis subject. Ang thesis
ko po ay nakasentro sa pag-didisenyo at pahusayin ang mga bus stops/shelters sa Metro Manila.
Kailangan namin mag interview ng mga bus conductors, pwede na po bang mag start?
BC3: Sige pero pwede bang bilisan?
Interviewer: Okay po. Ano ang pangalan mo?
BC3: _______
Interviewer: Ilan taon ka na?
BC3: 31
Interviewer: Ilan years ka na conductor po?
BC3: 2014 ako nagumpisa, so mga ilan ba yun.. 8 years na
Interviewer: Ano bus route trinatrabaho mo?
BC3: EDSA
Interviewer: Pakidescribe po yung experience mo na pagiging conductor
BC3: Hindi naman mahirap, medyo nawala na yung traffic dahil sa covid. Mahirap lang pagka
nagagalit yung mga pasahero at yung gustong bumaba kung saan saan naman di pwede
Interviewer: Pakidescribe po yung experience mo pagdating sa mga bus stops?
BC3: Magulo sa station, lalo na ngayon sa free trips. Maraming pasahero na di alam saan sila
pupunta. Kahit anong bus lang sila sumasakay. Minsan hindi nga nakikinig yung mga pasahero
at nagagalit kung mali yung napuntahan nila. Minsan rin sobrang haba yung pila, nakatambak
lang yung mga pasahero dun.
Interviewer: Okay po, meron po bang ibang experiences po na naranasan mo sa bus stops?
BC3: Wala
Interviewer: Okay, yung experience naman pagka alis ng bus stops?
BC3: Hindi ako nahihirapan, wala namang problema. Yung pasahero lang kung nagagalit
sobrang hassle talaga.
Interviewer: Bukod sa mga pasahero ano pa yung mga experiences mo?
BC3: Wala
Interviewer: Sige thank you po.

Interview Profile and Transcription - Bus Driver 5

Interviewer: Magandang Hapon po. Ako po si Vinccent Alvarez from De La Salle University.
Ako po ay isang engineering undergrad na kasalukuyang kumukuha ng thesis subject. Ang thesis
ko po ay nakasentro sa pag-didisenyo at pahusayin ang mga bus stops/shelters sa Metro Manila.
Kailangan namin mag interview ng mga bus drivers, pwede na po bang mag start?
BD5: Yes po
Interviewer: Ano ang pangalan mo?
BD5: _______
Interviewer: Ilan years na nang bus driver?
BD5: 22 years na po
Interviewer: Anong bus route ang trinatrabaho mo?
BD5: Sa Cher Transport po
Interviewer: Pakidescribe po yung experience mo papunta at padating sa mga bus stops?
BD5: Ngayon may fixed babaan at sakayan na. Medyo malayo yung babaan, kawawa yung mga
matanda.
Interviewer: Yung experience mo papunta at padating sa mga bus stops naman?
BD5: Noong araw, maraming mandurokot. Pero ngayon, parang wala na naman. Okay na
ngayon kasi hindi na kami naghahabol ng pasahero. Maluwag na rin ngayon, hindi na
masyadong nagkakagulo. May disiplina na ang mga pasahero, nakalinya talaga sila. Pero minsan,
nagakakamali parin yung mga pasahero.
Interviewer: Ah alright po, so hindi na po napupuno yung mga bus stops?
BD5: Minsan napupuno pa rin, matagal ang pag antay sa rush hour. Tsaka kawawa po yung mga
pwd at matanda dahil malayo na ang mga stops. Kailangan namin tawagin ang enforcer para
matulungan sila mag overpass at maglakad.
Interviewer: Ah alright po, kamusta naman yung experience ng trabaho niyo papunta sa bus
stops?
BD5: Okay naman po, wala namang problema.
Interviewer: Yung experience mo naman pagkaalis ng bus stop papuntang sa next stop?
BD5: Okay naman rin po, kasi nasa loob lang ako ng bus. Naka aircon naman, comportable
talaga sa bus kahit matraffic o matagalan sa kalye, okay lang naman sa akin.
Interviewer: Alright, sige po, natanung ko na lahat. Salamat po!
 APPENDIX 2. Expert Interview Profile and Transcriptions

Expert 1 Interview Profile and Transcription

Interviewer 1: So to begin with po, siguro i-address muna naming questions to sir and then yung
mga students can add on to sir - to the answers of sir… So the first question is, how important
are city buses and public transportation in the country and to its economy?
EL: Really important uhm, currently you will see the current use na kahit sa mga LRT MRT na
grabe talaga yung pila. So buses, city buses, is one option. The use of buses is one option for a
lot of commuters especially because, ilang percent nga ulit commuters natin? Sa_ ? Ilan yung
current percentage? I forgot the exact percentage pero, around 80? 90%? Basta it's a big chunk of
the percentage na nagcocommute sa metro manila. So imagine na yung ganon karaming demand,
konti lang options nila aside from trains, city buses, FX, and some other forms of public
transportation. So it's very important to facilitate the movement of all people.
Interviewer 1: So with that po nga, ano po ba yung nakikita niyo na contribution ni Public
Utility Buses to the Philippine economy?
EL: Kung wala sila, walang Public Utility Buses, hindi makakapunta yung workers natin, yung
workforce natin … doon sa companies nila and that constitutes to an equivalent amount of
money and malaki rin yon sa ibang medium -hindi nagiging productive yung workforce natin
kasi most of their time are being spent on commuting.
Ilang billions sabi nung _? Yun yung pinaka-introduction sa Transpo Thesis. Inuupdate lang nila
kung ilang billions na, pero may specific amount of money na equivalent na nawawaste because
they are spending their time on their own, sa traffic, waiting.
Interviewer 2: 3.5 Billion pesos po.
Interviewer 1: So since nabanggit po na parang, a certain -a huge sum of money is dedica-
parang naloloss due to traffic, considered as traffic cost siya. So why do you think po that- or
why is it that bus commuters continue to struggle with their commute?
EL: It’s a lot of factors.
Interviewer 1: Ano po yung mga factors?
EL: I think number one siguro, the supply, like uhm the process. Hindi siya appropriate sa
demand. Uhm, we could also look into the different franchises or operators of buses, since we
have different operators of buses hindi siya integrated as a whole different cities and different
operators different systems-
Location wise access points ng bus yung accessibility should also improve yung quality of buses
that’s why meron tayo yung P2P yan yung parang isa sa parang initiative na i-improve yung
quality nung buses para magkaroon ng modal shift from private transport to public transport.
Yung system nung bus itself, kasi in most roads wala tayong appropriate stops, so nagccause rin
yon ng issues since nagsstop sila anywhere and since wala rin appropriate stops so yung mga tao
hindi nila exactly alam san mag-iintay minsan sa EDSA naexperience ko na para makauwi may
ganong mga sistema so it’s a lot of factors actually na hindi siya parang the system as a whole
not just from the bus system itself.
Interviewer 1: Is there any additional info that you could share?
EL: Kayo mga personal problems niyo pag nag-bbus kayo? Travel time and travel cost of course
kasama na yon, meron ba? You can also include access and exits ibig sabihin yung access
papunta ng bus and yung exits nila after ng bus so accessibility rin kumbaga kung sasakay ako
ng bus mula saan maglalakad ako papunta lalabas yung accessible for me pagbaba ko doon sa
destination ko gaano pa katagal yung lalakarin ko to my exact destination. All that factors eh.
Interviewer 1: So uhm, based on our analysis, previously kasi, kapag nakapaginterview na po
kami ng mga bus commuters even bus dispatchers, bus drivers, and bus conductors para at least,
yung perspective is not only restricted to commuters. So, based on what we call yung parang
service landscape parang dinivide naming yung bus services into three parts: meron pre-service
or pre-transit service yung bago ka pa maka-sakay, during service is yung in-transit ka na, naka-
sakay ka na sa bus, and yung post-service yung disembarking mo from the bus.
So based on our interviews with them we found out that the problem lies on the pre-transit
service, as such, they stated that waiting time now is sobrang tagal nila nag-aantay nakakapagod
rin kasi matagal sila nakatayo, parang on average 30mins to an hour especially during rush
hours. There are a lot of people present in stops and shelters leading to anarchy, mga
nagisisngitan, naguunahan, same place also of concern well actually based on our experience
with the EDSA Carousel may mga shelters an walang ilaw lalo na kapag gabni nakaktakot kasi
hindi mo alam kung may manghoholdap sayo or ayon. Also, weather conditions are becoming
unbearable, even some wala pa nga bus stops eh wala pang physical- shelter. Fortunately naman,
that during the bus ride itself commuters feel the feelings of fulfillment and satisfaction kasi after
a long wait makaka-upo na sila sa loob, they get ot enjoy the aircon and other on-board
amenities. So with that, all our findings po, could you corroborate to us po Engineer Lucero, why
is it that bus commuters complain about these things particularly regarding their overall waiting
experience?
EL: I-clarify lang natin when you say pre-transit service, siya yung reason kung what?
Interviewer 1: Siya po yung, doon po nanggagaling mostly yung problems. Kasi we assessed
yung bus service.
EL: Problems, kung bakit? Sorry can you clarify
Interviewer 1: Not really problems, more of complaints or uhm struggles. Commuter woes nila,
so usually yung mga complaints nila nanggagaling po during the pre-transit instead of during and
after-
Kasi based on our interviews, naka-upo naman po sila, comfortablke naman sila inside the bus
and then disembarking pababa na sila on the station. So usually yung parang “STRESS” yung
pagod nila and all of the complaints nanggagaling during pre-transit, so why is it that bus
commuters complain about these things particularly their overall waiting experience.
EL: Number one, marami. Marami ang demand, so matagal talaga ang waiting experience kung
hindi matched ang supply sa demand so they will have to wait a lot kung hindi enough yung bus
na dumadating and the design, yung infrastructures doon sa waiting area nila, parang uhm
facilities kahit yung toilet, that’s important. Although minsan kasi, ano rin siya eh, wala ng
choice. Parang yun lang yung sakayan, parang ganun siya na wala silang option but to wait, so a
lot of complaints not exactly a lot of choices. Sorry, I was just wondering if you address the
complaints what were you hoping to happen?
Interviewer 1: Uhm, kasi-
EL: Yeah kasi, were coming at this from like a service management perspective and so the real
goal is to as much as possible to ease their experiences, and address their concerns. Obviously
were not aiming to solve the problem entirely na-
Interviewer 1: It’s more on the satisfaction.
EL: Yeah it’s more on the satisfaction so at least if they are going to wait at least its not as much
of a terrible experience.
Interviewer 1: Our goal here is to make the waiting experience, more pleasurable on our part.
EL: How will you measure that if I may ask?
Interviewer 1: Gagamit po kami ng QFD, so right now were consolidating all of our interviews
and then, from there uhm, co-corroborate namin [yun] with the expert interviews and then we
would be surveying more than a hundred for us to know kung ano yung customer characteristics
[na important].
EL: Current?
Interviewer 1: Current, yes. Iinput po namin sa QFD.
EL: And then magiging theoretical ba yung improvements? Will you-
Interviewer 1: Actually this time po makakapag- ano na po kami ng mga mock-up designs…
EL: Where?
Interviewer 1: Uhm, ano po kasi siya eh-
EL: Mock-up design tas papakita niyo sa kanila na…
Interviewer 1: Opo, yes were not gonna build a physical structure
EL: So based on your perception, if this happens
Interviewer 1: Yes po, like if this was the design compared to the current design, would you
parang mas maeenganyo kabang magcommute ng bus? Mas magiging pleasurable ba yung
waiting experience mo? Mas magiging hindi ba siya nakakapagod and mas magiging inclusive
ba siya for senior citizens and PWDs ?
EL: So somewhat satisfaction yung ano.. So ayun, where were we? Ano yung question?
Interviewer 1: You said po infrastructures?
EL: Yeah oo, important yon siguro mas magcocount siya if people [are] to use public transport
uhm if the conditions are actually good, if the experience is not bad and yung inconvenience [is
addressed], then they will really consider using bus as their option and that could you know,
change the modal share that we have like kung ilang percent yung nasa public transport, ilang
percent na yung nasa private transport. If that happens, although you can also tend to their
options like meron ba talaga silang choices when they’re commuting or not. Cause could they be
using another public transpo- mode of transport?
Interviewer 1: So aside from infrastructures, meron pa po ba kayong uhm known characteristics
that seem to be lackiung or seems to be overlooked by the government with regards to pre-transit
service? Or rather pre-transit services?
EL: Aside from infrastructure? I think yung waits sa mga bus stations?
Interviewer 1: -or you could also be specific on what exactly the problem- the structure is
missing.
EL: Kapag bus, ang unang pumapasok sa isip ko yung mga terminals. Terminals uhm, doon sila
nagkakaroon ng issue na, magkarelate kasi yung terminal characteristics sa bus stops. So what
else, schedule. Bus schedules, so since walang schedule sunod sunod lang yung mga tao tapos
walang schedule hindi nammeet ng demand yung supply so naiipon yung mga tao. Wala silang
information about the schedules [kung] kailan aalis yung bus. If they had information, [alam
nila] kailan [sila] dadating [sa stop o kung] kalian aalis [from their place]... mas madali somehow
[if] alam ng mga tao kung kalian sila pupunta [at kung] alam nila anong time i-aalot nila for the
travel [going to the stop]. Schedule.
Interviewer 1: Does that corroborate also po with the phenomenon that buses- I mean, well
specifically for EDSA Carousel, parang they are saying na parang 440+ ang capacity nung
EDSA Carousel pero ito lang dineploy nila does that corroborate with uhm scheduling?
EL: Im not that familiar when it comes sa Carousel, may schedule ba diyan? Sample schedule
sa-
Interviewer 2: Wala yata.
Interviewer 1: I think meron lang siyang- ano ba umaalis lang siya kapag puno na? Na-try niyo
na ba? Parang, kada rush hour may parang madaming pila and the number of people lang per bus
lang pwede sumakay.
Para makasakay ka rerefer mo sa schedule po, meron siyang parang stop light na- pero usually
hindi siya na susunod. Parang pag right na dapat nakastop din yung bus pero usually nagogo
parin po sila.
EL: So more on the supply and demand yung sa Carousel noh? Ibig sabihin hindi parin enough
kaya limited parin yung pinapasakay nila.
Interviewer 1: And sir, kapag may schedule mas nakakagaan sa loob ng mga commuters kasi
kunwari they are there at 12, tas 12:30 a-arrive yung bus parang sasabihin nila na “Oi 30mins
nalang”. Unlike walang schedule along yung mga-
Interviewer 1: So why is it, sa nabanggit niyo po uhm, Engineer Lucero, that uhm
infrastructures and yung bus scheduling is parang yung nakikita niyo is lacking in the pre-transit
service space of the overall bus services uhm why is it that pre-transit service is poorly designed?
Poorly designed siya in consideration of the commuters needs?
EL: Poorly designed? Uhm siguro we can take it back to how guidelines are being implemented,
but if there are different operators to wait the buses I think- May nagre-regulate kasi ng
franchises so if we can look into that on how they parang or actually supervising or monitoring
the compliance of operators for example in designing their infrastructures or mga pre-transit
services nila-
Maybe we can start from there. Ano ba yung standards na iniimplement nila or kung meron ba?
Kaya dapat kung meron kang terminal or something like this, may bosses ka, ano yung uhm lets
say minimum- bare minimum na dapat nandon sa terminal. You can look into that kasi kung
wala naman ganon, bakit sila susunod?
Bakit sila magpr-provide ng infrastructures kung walang guidelines, of course operators since
privately owned yan, they would focus on the profit. So, mas magsa-save sila ng costs without
you know without providing the needs of the commuters basta maisakay nila pero saving mostly
magiging kanila. Unless i-implement yan very strictly na dapat ganito yung service, minimum
service sa commuters.
Interviewer 1: So uhm, as an expert po of Transportation Engineering, how can this pre-transit
service complaints and struggles of commuters be managed or addressed, what do you think is
parang should be the role of government and all other government agencies for examples DOTr,
LTFRB, MMDA-
ano po magiging role nila in addressing these “commuter woes”?
EL: Uhm, madami. Saan magst-start? Uhm, yeah implementation. Of course, monitoring
franchises on how we give franchises- maybe we can look into that, we can be strict, noh? Pero
kasi sa operator side sasabihin nila subsidize siguro kung what you can give us to operate. Isa
yon, a lot of operators-
Interviewer 2: Sorry, you’re talking about the bus system po na?
Interviewer 1: Mmm, sige po bus system po muna, bus system po.
EL: Uhm well aside from the operators, the guidelines natin, yung infrastructures rin natin like
in general sa metro manila like bus stops. Uhm hindi naman sa pag-didiscrinminate sa [mga] bus
stops, sana naman may bus stops sila sa mismong lugar kung saan bumababa at sumasakay ang
mga tao.
Makati ata, BGC! Yes, BGC.
Interviewer 1: But in most places, kahit sa Taft pwedeng sumakay anywhere na now
EL: So yun, consistency in implementing rules that you know are part of the standards so ayun
hindi po kasi tayo nakakasunod sa standard, so if we can do that-
Ayun, kailangan natin-
Interviewer 1: Sa public transportation in general, more focused on infrastructures na mass
transport yung goal. Kasi-
EL: Well, meron na tayong cinoconstruct na bagong stations so that’s good pero for me kulang
parin. Kulang parin yung mass transit initiatives natin kahit sa buses palang kasi most of the
projects are somehow inclined to the use of private cars- skyway, expressways, so it caters to-
Diba sabi natin malaki ang percentage ng commuters? So if we get to construct a lot of
expressways na roads, ito lang yung percentage na cinacater, so it wont exactly solve yung well
papunta na ito sa traffic so medyo palabas na siya doon sa buses pero yeah-
Interviewer 1: More initiatives on promoting public transport – improving it.
EL: Actually kahit LRT/MRT kung nakasakay man kayo, sobrang tagal ng pag-aantay… pwede
ka na makipagkaibigan- ganon siya katagal. Pero on improvements na dapat standard na
minimum, yan yung kulang natin siguro makacomply man tayo don we can move from there.
Interviewer 1: So you kept mentioning po yung standards with regards to infrastructures, may
we ask po ba if do you have any knowl(edge)-
parang may alam po ba kayong standards with regards to building uhm inclusive uhm public
infrastructure for commuters?
EL: Well, the specifications of course meron tayong mga guidelines we can easily search, I’m
sure meron din yung mga transportation agencies niyan. Pero in terms of inclusivity, it should
cater to all, I think we talked about this noh? Before? It should cater especially to for example
PWDs [and] senior citizens na parang lahat possible magtravel don. We can easily see this
lacking in some places especially, kita mo yung mga overpass na well for example walang
elevator, tapos minsan merong access sa PWDs pero dead-end. Let’s say wala na susunod wala
na gagamitan pero di nila maaccess, meron tayong staircases na sobrang taas na para kang naghi-
hiking, maliliit pa yung steps. So when I say standard, may mga existing na eh yung mga
nakikita nating nagwwork for example we were able to design uhm a good system in BGC
somehow noh? Walkable spaces, bus stops- so ayung mga ganong klaseng standards na kahit
hindi naman yung standard na specifications pero yung existence ng mga ganong klaseng
constructions at least na we can do them. And that would help a lot especially with the
experience of commuters. Kasi nagwwork eh, kung co-comparahin mo sa BGC, nagw-wait
talaga yung mga tao sa bus stops. Not just anywhere kasi yun yung in-implement nila doon [na
may bus stop]-
Interviewer 1: In terms of the standards would you know if there are any documents or
publications that are already available?
EL: Uhh, I cannot specify right now but you can easily check through yung mga transportation
agencies or including the- wala sila mapr-provide na ganitong klase na siguro mga publications
of standard design, journals, that would be okay.
Interviewer 1: Uhm, may question ka pa ba kay sir?
Interviewer 1: If he has any personal recommendations for how he thinks bus stops could be
improved?
EL: Bus stop?
Interviewer 1: Parang do you have any personal recommendations po ba on how could it be
improved?
EL: Actually pwede yung tactical na binanggit last time, making it a bit more attractive to use-
yung concept non meron tayong parang minimal design for example yung bus stops but you can
go beyond that by adding functions, designs- additional designs just so people will be more
encouraged to use it, to stay there pwede iyon. Bus stops, actually pwede pero siguro yung mga
priority niya would be safety as simple as lighting sa bus stops would make people feel safe so
they could really wait there. Cleanliness of course, safety security, siguro the existence of
security cameras would help kasi they would really feel safe there. Also, having natural designs
like instead of a physical barrier that looks dull, it can be replaced by yung mga plant boxes na
sturdy. At least, you are able to help also in terms of promoting green spaces. Information is
important, information about buses, yung routes, yung schedule that would help a lot.
Interviewer 1: Ah you mean yung parang, route map ganon? Or street maps.
EL: That just helps for them to wait, that’s it. Pero meron din informational, functional- uhm
additional na kasi I mean yung parang feeling ko yung basic na components niya: Information,
Security, Cleanliness-
Siguro dagdag nalang yung extra design, making it more attractive. In some cases parang yung
mga ganon is gonna be using- yung mga vending machines actually. You can check some other
journals, may ano rin siya additional-
Parang nashi-shift yung waiting burden nila into somewhat something that is pleasurable.
Interviewer 1: May question ka pa ba?
Interviewer 2: Uhm, wala na
Interviewer 1: That would be all Engineer ___, once again on behalf of my research team I
would like to thank you po and everyone present in this room participating in this interview
session and we are very grateful for the insights and views that you have provided to us. Surely,
this information would be a great help to our design help.
EL: Nakapag-proposal na kayo?
Interviewer 1: Yes po, thesis na po.
EL: Kailan yung ano
Interviewer 1: We have to schedule it po…
Expert 2 Interview Profile and Transcription
Interviewer: Alright so for the first question po, how important are city buses in the public
transportation sector of the Philippines?
IC: Uhm not just city buses but in promoting mobility in general, when we- so often times when
we listen to government or news or just general conversation, the question that we normally hear
is or at least the question or the problem that people always focus on is how to improve or how to
solve traffic or what we technically refer to as road congestion and we at AltMobility, feel that
that’s actually the wrong point of view to take because road congestion is really just a symptom
of a much larger problem. The bigger question that we should be asking is how are we supposed
to or how could we improve mobility for everyone in not just Metro Manila but in all of the
cities in the Philippines and that’s where active transportation which is walking, biking, or using
light forms of personal mobility devices such as electric scooters, and public transport come in.
We have very limited city space and uhm we need to be able to allocate this properly in order for
it to server majority of residents in metro manila. The latest studies show that 88% of households
in metro manila do not own private vehicles, so that only leaves 12% of residents in Metro
Manila owning private vehicles.
In the 88%, we see it to be higher for cities outside of metro manila it would look to be around
96%. What I’m trying to say is that what this is telling us is that only a minority of people are on
private vehicles and yet were allocation 80% of road space for the minority of those in private
vehicles and that’s where the problem begins because you have very limited city space and we
are- the government is prioritizing the most inefficient forms of transportation.
So in the average cars have one or two passengers and a bus obviously has X times more than
that right? In a full capacity, a bus can have easily 60 passengers and put side-by-side that’s only
about three cars to a bus for the same amount of space. And so that’s where public transportation
comes in because it provides a more efficient form of transportation, a more efficient mobility
form for people in the city in our limited city space.
Interviewer: Okay, so with that po ba what are the benefits attached to- when we try to promote
mass- public mass transportation modes to the public especially buses.
IC: One would be, as I’ve mentioned it’s a more efficient form of transportation, it’s uh- it
allows us to use city space more efficiently which means that we are able to improve mobility of
everybody. If you look at the situation on the roads today, a lot of space are-
As I’ve mentioned, 20 percent are allocated to public transportation that actually where majority
of the commuters are and so we are in a situation where everybody on their private cars and their
streets aren’t moving. Also in a situation where the flow of private vehicles are prioritized over
mass public transportation.
So that’s one it allows us to improve mobility in our cities. Number two, it’s more economical
way for city residents to get around the city, there is a lot of costs attributed to car ownership.
Not just the payments attributed to buying the car, but also in terms of repairs and maintenance,
parking gas and all that stuff and public transportation allows for a more economical form of
transportation around the city.
Interviewer: Okay, so you said a while ago- that 12% specifically in metro manila, 12% is only
yung mga private car users diba?
IC: Yes.
Interviewer: With that po ba, why do you think that or why is it that bus commuters continue to
struggle with their commute?
IC: Wait sorry, third pala is of course is this environmental benefit to it. There’s the carbon
footprint of those taking public transportation is smaller to those that are taking their own private
vehicles and then much much lower for those walking or biking to get around the city, so that
was the third point that I missed. Sorry what was your question again?
Interviewer: Kanina po we were talking about public bus transportation in general po noh? Our
next question would be- would be more leaning towards the commuters of these public utility
buses.
Why is it that bus commuters continue to struggle with their commute? Lalo na po ngayon na
may nagsi-silipana sa news na ang tagal nila nag-iintay, masyado mahaba yung pila, crowded
yung mga bus stations, nag-uunahan sa pag-sakay sa bus.
So why is it that bus commuters continue to face these struggles and challenges?
IC: Okay so I go back to amount of space given to the buses, again government continues to
favor allocating, space for private vehicles that convey a very small numbers of our city
dwellers. Number two, they are not prioritized on the road, in terms of- for instance we can see
prioritization in traffic management to allow public transportation to go ahead first, or at least to
allow them to travel faster than private vehicles.
Number three would be the compensation system of the transportation industry. When you-
when I talk about the transportation compensation system, you’ve heard of the boundary system?
Where for instance for jeepneys and taxis and then on the other hand is for like bus drivers that
are under commission basis to determine how much money they make. What this does in effect,
is it creates an environment where the performance of public transportation is dictated by the
number of passengers that they take in, and when that
is the basis of operators, you end up with a public transportation that is not reliable nor efficient.
I guess this can be best illustrated when you ride a jeepney in a terminal and you see how the
jeepney drivers are filling up the entire jeepney first before it leaves, and so that means its- you
are not able to rely on the jeepney to leave at a certain time. When you look at uhm the roads or
in-between terminals you can see that they’re competing for passengers which is a question of
safety.
But at the same time we see a lot of them stopping in terminals for extended periods of time
because they’re trying to fill up the bus, and again this goes back to all these three points, go
back to how the public transportation system that at this point is unreliable because of those two
things.
One is the amount of space that they’re given, the priority that they’re given on the road and on
the other hand the compensation system by which dictates their performance. So you see, long
lines you see people waiting for long time, and then people having unpredictable departure and
arrival times.
Interviewer: Okay, do you have any other factors in mind po ba aside from those you’ve
mentioned?
IC: Uhm, that what?
Interviewer: Other factors that contributes to the struggles of bus commuters aside from what
you said na: left space, yung boundary system and commission system, yung inefficiency. Do
you have other factors in mind?
IC: Uhm, I think for now those are the really immediate things that the government- of course
the other one is I guess to be added is the supply. The supply’s insufficient for the number of
people that are trying to commute around metro manila. The other thing would be the long
standing- well we’ve been waiting for the government to release the- LPTRP. Have you heard of
the LPTRP?
Interviewer: What is that?
IC: LPTRP is the Land Public Transport Route Plan, all of the- all cities in the Philippines are
supposed to submit a Land Public Transport Route Plan, and what this is essentially is- it
essentially contains the routes that would- I guess it’s part of the route rationalization? So that we
can determine the routes that would be available for public transportation.
This is important because this is to make sure that we are able to rationalize the routes of public
transportation round cities. So that, all areas are serviced and that there’s also no overlapping the
routes. So the other additional things I guess that I’d like to add,
would be the supply of public transportation and the well- the continued lack of- the continued
absence of a LPTRP.
In Metro Manila, Metro Manila is different from all the other cities in the Philippines because
it’s the department of transportation that’s supposed to come up with the LPTRP for the 17 cities
in Metro Manila. So that even that- to be uhh missing.
We're still anticipating the release of that and I’d like to say that it’s probably long overdue
already and that’s very important so that you make sure that people are able to- that mass public
transportation could service several locations and that there’s a corresponding supply of public
transportation given to these things.
I guess the last thing would be you know the main topic of your discussion is that there are no
public- there are no proper public transportation stops. We see a lot of uhm passengers waiting
for a ride in the middle of the road, for one it strips them of their dignity. One thing is that were
promoting it-
That there has to be dignity in commuting. And it’s also dangerous and we see this a lot in our
major _ affairs where people are lining up or at least occupying the roads already because they’re
just- one there is no proper facility but what also gets them-
what also makes them do that is because of the sheer lack of supply public transportation.
Interviewer: Alright, actually we agree on that po noh, what you said that na- people waiting in
lines, so on and so forth. Actually kasi we already interviewed commuters, like prior to
interviewing experts like you po Sir Ira, and then based on our findings from commuters, yung
complains nila is often times yung waiting time nila is very long-
It’s time consuming and it’s tiring uhm there are a lot of people daw present in stops and shelters
daw leading to anarchy. Well especially with my experience, would be EDSA Carousel, parang
there’s no already space for people to freely move so parang na-uunderestimate or na-
uunderachieve yung goal of promoting a healthier space aksi siyempre were still in the pandemic
era and knowing that health protocols are not found in those areas are parang nakakabahala.
Other concerns also from the commuters that we gathered is that nasasagap rin po nila yung
pollution, minsan pag umuulan daw nababasa sila so it becomes uncomfortable for them and
unbearable lalo kapag na summer daw sobrang init. And then, however po noh?
Pag nakasakay na sila sa bus, parang they feel a sense of fulfillment and satisfaction because
parang they get to enjoy the onboard amenities such as yung malamig na aircon, yung
makakaupo sila and all. Uhm specifically on the- what we call- we have kasi what we call kasi
pre-transite service phase.
So parang, the whole bus ervice we try to divide it on three phases, so we have the pre transit
service that commuters wait for the buses to arrive, and tehn in transit service iuswhen they yung
nakasakyn na sila sa bus and papunta na sila sa destination stop nila, and then the psot service
would be the when commuters already arrive on the-
At the bus stop that they intend to go to and then they disembark from the bus. So in the pre-
transit service phase since almost- actually not almost eh, all of the commuters trhat
we interviewed, their complaints is leaning towards the pre-transit service phase, what
characteristics do you think are lacking or overlooked in that particular service phase that yields
to commuter complains and struggles.
IC: Okay, let me just go back to some of the points that you mentioned before that noh? One
would be yes, correct- it is time consuming it’s you know the experience is just horrible and the
way that- the things that I’ve discussed earlier on, such as non-prioritization on roads space, on
traffic light system, the lack of supply- is part of why people have to wait so long.
The compensation system, these things contribute to why people find themselves waiting for so
long or at least they are unable to rely on a schedule which is very important on public
transportation. I mean, everybody has somewhere to go, and everybody has to be in a certain
time- has to be in a certain place at a certain time. That’s why you’re unable to-
That’s why it needs to be addressed so that it becomes a reliable form of transportation. The
EDSA Busway obviously, positioned over that it has always been that it’s not sustainable, every
once in a while the government will say that they’ll stop the EDSA Busway because there’s no
funding for it anymore and that’s best addressed by- and which is why when they presented this
Libreng Sakay, we’ve always said that its unreliable because what really needs to be put in place
is an overhaul of the compensation system and not a stop cap measure for this.
Since you’ve mentioned EDSA Busway, that’s also another example of how the government
refuses to provide more space for public transportation. If you’ve noticed that majority go the
EDSA Busway lanes is just composed of one lane, and I think that what the proprietors have
always been pushing for is that there should be an additional lane for express service where
buses are allowed to run alongside each other and not just on a single file.
And then back to the consumers let me show you this video… how you play this video... I took
this time-lapse on EDSA noh? And what- the problem here is that it continues to prioritize cars
noh. So for instance, if you’re riding the EDSA Busway, rather than- for instance this was shot in
Ortigas Station. Instead of you, crossing this what- 33meters, youre made to go around long way
noh?
For you to be able to- just to get to the same destination. So imagine if you take this you have to
go to the MRT and you have to go down, and now you have to cross EDSA, only to go down to
this very narrow thing and walk through this very tight space-
Interviewer: This is in- near SM Megamall?
IC: Yes, yes. This is the kind of situation that we subject our commuters to, that gives them a
terrible experience. From what you’re saying that their post-service and even pre-transit
experience where instead of just being able to access the terminal by crossing a street-
They’re made to go around up, down, through, and across a street just to be able to get to the
other side. That again, goes back to a lack of- to prioritization of cars. Kasi whenever we’d ask
why they wouldn’t just allow people to cross the street, they always point to people crossing the
street would delay the movement of private vehicles, again the great minority of road users in the
country.
Another- so you were talking about pre-transit, and we’ve been- we’ve filed a piece of legislation
in the 18th congress and were working to refine that in the 19th congress. What this does is sets
the basic requirements in order to improve mobility in the Philippines and one section talks about
public transportation:
One that there has to be a public transport service available within 500 meters of any place of
interest and public services has to be connected within 300 meters- so this is the- when you
transfer mode of transportation or a different route. This is also part of the experience that you’re
saying that’s time consuming, tiring, so there has to be a move in order to manage the waiting
time so that it doesn’t exceed 10 minutes during peak hours.
So this is what I was mentioning earlier about prioritization of road space and even traffic
systems that public transportation has to be able to cover 15 kilometers within one hour. You
should have properly equipped, adequately-sized, and well-maintained terminals and stops.
We’re not just talking about chairs and proper cover, but also that it displays routes, route
information, fare, status of a transportation, and all of that.
That improves greatly- what you’re describing sa pre-transit experience but also these are steps
that allow people to consider public transportation as a mode of transportation that they can take.
That you improve the lives of those that are already commuting and on the other hand you’re
able to promote public transportation to those that are already taking their private vehicles, that
this is something that they can leave- that they can leave their cars behind because they can take
public transportation, also doing-
You’re able to decongest the streets of private cars. That’s very important, what we’re
decongesting are the private cars and not the people that live in cities because often enough we
hear government say that we need to decongest our cities and remove people by developing other
areas. But really, the point is, what creates a congestion are private vehicles-
So we need to be able to find a way to get people off their private vehicles so that they can take a
more efficient form of transportation and improve the lives of those already taking modes of
public transportation. And we’ve seen this happen, with the experience that’s been introduced by
P2P.
For those that are already taking P2P, you can see that a lot of them used to drive cars and
they’re willing to pay a little bit more for the convenience of reliable service, riding a public
transportation or a bus that’s clean and safe for them. But what’s also missing from how
government implements public transportation is the first mile - last mile solutions.
When we look at mass public transportation, or where you can take a ride for a jeepney or a bus
or even our MRTs, very little- there’s no coordination between land transportation in the first
mile - last mile basis.
Like from the house to a sakayan or a transit stop, how are people getting there? Do people have
to ride a tricycle? Do people have to walk or do people have to talk a-
jeepney that doesn’t drop them off at a MRT stop. Just as important as a pre-transit or a post-
service would be government thinking about the first mile - last mile solutions.
Interviewer 1: Alright, I think Joaquin has a question, go ahead Joaquin.
Interviewer 2: Sir Ira, regarding the document you showed, is this an official document already?
IC: Which document?
Interviewer 2: The one regarding the certain guidelines that you want for bus stops.
IC: Ah, those are components of the commuter bill of rights that we passed in teh 18th bill of
congress and were refilling- well some congressmen have already re-filed it in the 19th congress.
So it’s a recommendation, but it hasn’t passed yet as a law. I can give you a copy of this if you
want.
Interviewer 2: Actually, That would be great sir. Thank you.
IC: Yup, no prob.
Interviewer 1: Alright, sige, actually all succeeding questions would be leaning towards how
can pre-transit complaints and struggles of commuters be managed or addressed, it seems that
you already mentioned it- ah yes po you were saying?
IC: Sorry?
Interviewer 1: Kasi our succeeding questions would be leaning towards how can the pre-transit
complaints and struggles of commuters be managed or addressed. However, you already
mentioned most of it kanina while you were explaining to us the document that you were
presenting a while ago.
IC: Good, good.
Interviewer 1: Siguro, pinaka- last question na toh. In your, as a transport planner, how do you
see- how do you see or like how should the government respond to the commuter’s struggles and
needs-
Like how would they be responding dapat compared to their current system of responding to
their complaints like or what is their role in promoting the use of mass public transportation in
general?
IC: One would really be a shift in mindset, that they should be prioritizing the needs of majority
of people in the city. So I’ve mentioned it several times already that a lot of- there are road
designs, policies that are all geared towards favoring taking private vehicles. The government
needs to re-focus that so that you are able to serve a majority of the people in cities. I’ve tossed
this around earlier- 88% of households take public transportation and yet only 20% of road space
is allocated to them.
That in itself is huge mindset change for government, that they should be thinkning about how to
move people and not cars. So when you listen to announcements sa MMDA, they’ll always
analyze- always give an evaluation of EDSA based on the speed at which vehicles move, but
they’re failing to understand how many people are actually being moved.
Kasi, if you’re talking about speed of which vehicles are moving, you’re only measuring those
that are taking private vehicles and not the greater majority that are stuck in terminals and bus
stops. So _ also has to change. The government- and you can search this, it’s called the National
Transport Policy.
It’s a document led by NEDA, but also signed by DPWH, DOTr, and several other government
agencies that state that the government should be prioritizing human throughput and not
vehicular throughput. And yet, despite this document we continue to see flyovers and bridges
being constructed that continue to favor the minority of road users.
So it’s a massive shift in mindset- in prioritization of the government that needs to happen in
order for us to really improve mobility in our cities. And I think one very very very important
thing here is that, we need to require government officials- especially those that are involved in
creating all of these projects to commute on a daily basis. Not just in a symbolic one time media
trend.
Interviewer 1: I agree, I agree.
IC: Because there’s- I mean, I’m a bike commuter, and I’ve been biking for the last four years as
a main form of transportation and I continue to discover things that would improve lives of
bikers. Four years in my being a bike commuter. So imagine how much they’re missing out from
not commuting.
And really when you engage them in conversations, the first question we ask them is “when was
the last time you’ve commuted?” And they really haven’t been commuting on a regular basis.
I mean, anybody in design and innovation would tell you that that’s the most important thing for
you to be able to really design a solution that makes sense. This is no different from a restaurant
with a chef that doesn’t even taste his own broth.
Interviewer 1: Alright, how about the other members? Do you have any other questions for Sir
_?
Interviewer 2: None on my end.
Interviewer 3: None on my end either.
Interviewer 1: Alright, so with that, Sir _- once again on behalf of my research team I would
like to thank you po for gracing this interview session.
We are very grateful for the insights and views that you have provided to us and sure these
information will be a great help to our design study in crafting a more sustainable and more
inclusive bus stops for bus commuters.
IC: Thank you so much for taking interest in public transportation, we need more people to start
talking about it. Especially guys that’s going to be receiving- are going to be living in it well
after were all dead.
Thank you for taking interest in designing a city that work for you guys. We need all the help we
could get, and we wish you luck on your paper!
I’ve already emailed to you, a copy of the Commuter Bill of Rights together with the highlights.
I hope that helps, so if there anything else that you need just feel free to reach me.
Interviewer 1: Alright, thank you so much po Sir _!
IC: Alright, good luck!

Expert 3 Interview Profile and Transcription

Interviewer: Alright! so Good morning po Ms. _____. So first of all, we would like to thank you
for giving us, for sharing us your time to do this interview. It would be, I mean napakalaking
tulong po on our part. Sa aming thesis to generate insights that would help us in understanding
further kung ano ba yung mga experiences nung ating bus commuters. So, first and foremost po,
before we proceed to the main questions. We would like to inform you that all of the information
that will be obtained will be strictly confidential. And will only be used for academic purposes as
our strict compliance of the data privacy act of 2012. So, and also should you request, yung
parang transcribe version po nito, feel free to email us po. So, for the first question po, how
important are city buses in the public transportation sector of the country.
JE: It is very important, especially here in metro manila. Wherein, number 1, traffic condition
we have a very worse, one of the worst traffic condition in the country in metro manila. And how
do we combat that? By introducing public utility vehicles, especially the buses which will cater
to more people as compared to the use of private cars which can only cater to a limited number
of passengers. So that is the goal of the government to move people, to shift the mindset of the
commuting public, to use public utility vehicles. As to city buses in particular, of course going
back to the premise that because of the traffic congestion, worst traffic congestion in the country.
Hence, to move people, again we need city buses more than the traditional jeeps, the smaller
modes of transportation.
Interviewer: Pero diba currently po, we have programs in place. We have the PUVMP, we have
the EDSA busway. When its actually a makeshift brt system that should be somehow
implemented beforehand pero since nag ka pandemic they opted for an EDSA busway carousel
system. And according to the news, I think it's the dotr that increased the supply of buses.
Kumbaga parang initially nasa 440 pero nag increase sila to plus 50. Parang they intended to
increase it to 50. And then also nang binuksan ng LTFRB ang mga non EDSA carousel bus
routes, within metro manila to cope up with the demand. How is it catching up with the demand
given the programs?
JE: Actually, hindi pa siya, as to the EDSA busway we have a total of 650 number of authorized
units.
Interviewer: 650 po?
JE: 650, 550 for regular buses, yun yung talagang yung may franchise or special permits na
dapat mag operate ng EDSA busway. But because there are times na nagkulang ang deployment,
magkukulang yung deployment because you cannot expect the 550 nag dedeploy agad yan ng
mga avoiders. So we made additional, we added a 100 units as rescue buses. So in total may 650
tayo na units, authorized on the EDSA busway. We also, yes we also opened several di talaga
actually open what we did is to, diba nung pandemic we opened 13 if i'm not mistaken 13 to 15
GCQ routes, yung bus routes during the pandemic. So, in this administration when we say GCQ
routes meaning yun lang talaga. May mga pre pandemic routes na hindi na nabuksan. During this
administration there was this call from the vice president duterte, to open more routes especially
during the opening of classes. Hence, there was also a clamor from operators na ibalik sila. So
what we did from LTFRB is to retain some GCQ routes and open some pre pandemic routes. So
nag karoon tayo ng dalawang phases sa opening yung phase 1 and then phase 2. Basically
reopening of pre pandemic routes.
Interviewer: But GCQ routes are still, Parang yung mga routes under GCQ routes is still part of
the pre pandemic routes kumbaga sub section of pre pandemic routes?
JE: Yes, yes
Interviewer: Ah okay
JE: Sandali lang
Interviewer: Sige lang po
Interviewer: So sabi niyo po ms joan, nagdagdag nga, yon 650 buses all in all in EDSA carousel
alone. Tapos nagbukas pa ng GCQ routes and ngayon po ba naibalik narin po ba yung ibang pre
pandemic routes?
JE: Yea, basically
Interviewer: nabalik na
JE: Its already open, and we will be opening another routes for bus and other loadings.
Interview: Is this new routes po ba?
JE: Yes, but then this is still not, hindi pa to siya yung result ng route optimization study because
we had route optimization study and dahil hindi na push through yung route optimization study
so parang eto muna yung ginagawa ngayon ng agency.
Interviewer: Bakit hindi po siya na push further
JE: The consultancy willing to deliver the supposed output mainly because of the pandemic
Interviewer: So dapat if assuming na it wasn't, if walang pre pandemic natapos na siya?
JE: If it wasn't for the pandemic I'm sure natapos na siya because it was so difficult to get data
during the pandemic. We need to get the passenger demand, other info which was tampered by
the pandemic.
Interviewer: So right now it's in the works? Or not yet?
JE: Not yet
Interviewer: Ah okay po. Alright, so given that there are some contingency plans that the
government has imposed to cope up with the demand, with the commuter demand. Why is it that
bus commuters continue to struggle with their commute? What are the factors that is contributing
to that sort of struggle nila?
JE: Personally, I think it has something to do with, may mga operators that have not yet
recovered from the pandemic.
Interviewer: What do you mean po by not yet recovered?
JE: Meaning, yung na miss nila, because hindi nagamit for quite awhile hindi siya nagamit.
Meaning nangalawang na so hindi na siya serviceable. A lot has something to do with the
registration with lto. Kasi pag wala kang registration sa lto, hindi ka tatanggapin. The LTFRB for
the processing of the special permit for you to operate. That is another factor, the lack of drivers,
yung mga conductor, isa pa yung, pano ko po sasabihin, may mga pre pandemic probs na hindi
narin siya kayang maaccomodate ng mga local government.
Interviewer: For what reason po?
JE: For what reason? developments, recent developments that caused traffic congestion in the
area.
Interviewer: So some roads are maybe blocked?
JE: Yes, so may mga ganon. May mga enforcement measures sa LGUs, kaya that would stop the
operators to operate, yung mga ganon.
Interviewer: Kaya may feeding factors kumbaga
JE: Yes, so even if nagbigay na kami ng policy “you can operate now” still some operators ayaw
paren nila mag operate. Because of several factors one of those yung binigay ko.
Interviewer: And so these factors po are all affecting the overall supply of process.
JE: Yes the overall supply of process, yun, kasi may intervention naren si LGU. So even if we
tell them “we already allowed you” and then the LGU ayaw nila papasukin. There are instances
like that.
Interviewer: So si LGU talaga yung final say in short?
JE: It's not that sila yung may final say, we are in the process of coordinating with them. It's just
a matter of coordination and that's what we are or we would be doing. Say for example we have
coordinating with makati. So even if ayaw nila kasi its traffic, ayaw nila mag traffic sakanila eh,
well then what are we supposed to do with the commuters in their area.
Interviewer: Yes, that's a very dense city
JE: Exactly, yun isa sa mga malaking ano
Interviewer: Okay, so what you are talking about ms joan is on the operation side of bus
services, how about on the infrastructure side?
JE: Infrastructure yan din, isa din, isa rin yan sa mga malalaking, kasi we don't have the say for
example the necessary terminals. We also have this bike lanes. Of course we welcome that. I
think it's a good project by DOTR pero medyo hindi pa kasi fully developed yung infrastructure
for higher modes so medyo nagkakaron ng conflict.
Interviewer: Conflict in terms of?
JE: Say for example, saan dapat ang bus stops. If you have noticed, the bike lanes also wire
along the bus stops. So nag kakaroon din tayo ng problema dun
Interviewer: Okay, correct. So based on our interviews po kasi with the commuters as well as
the bus drivers and the bus commuters, lahat nung responses nila kahit yung mga bus drivers and
bus commuters are leaning towards the commute situation nung mga pasahero. Based on our
interviews, they have stated that waiting is a bit time consuming, around 15 to 30 minutes siguro.
Kung malasin ka 1 hour lalo na pag nag break down yung mga buses. Tapos they also stated po
that there are a lot of people po present in the stop shelters which leads to anarchy kasi kahit ako
po naranasan ko po na sumakay sa EDSA bus way and may mga singitan po na nangyayari na
hindi mo na alam. For example may tumitingin tingin kung saan saan for example lost daw siya
pero magugulat ka nasa harap mo na siya pumipila na pala. May mga ganong instances. Of
course our commuters are also exposed to pollution and weather conditions lalo na pag umuulan
lalo na pag umaange yung hangin. Also safety kasi po may mga nainterview po kami even pwds
na they have experienced that nanakawan sila naholdapan or yung aksidente or road based
accidents. So yun po yung mga concerns nila. But fortunately, during their bus ride okay naman
sila they feel comfortable kasi naka aircon makakaupo sila most especially sa mga PWDs natin
and yun pati dun sa pagbaba nila okay naman daw. So what I'm trying to say is all of their
concerns are during the pre transit service or are present in the pre transit service phase. Ngayon,
why is it that bus commuters continue to complain all these things, particularly their overall
waiting experience?
JE: Valid naman yung concerns, we can say that. Bottom line. We lack the infrastructure, say for
example yung mga PWDs, wala tayong lifts diba. Have you been to monumento? Have you been
to any of these stations?
Interviewer: Yes
JE: They would just, Even the PWDs would use the stairs which is really not good for them, it's
making them more vulnerable. Dotr, LTFRB, MMDA, all the other concerned agencies are
aware of that. Hence, we do have a budget for that one, for this year, I think. If i'm not mistaken
we do have a budget for that one, and then may mga changes na sa infrastructure. To make it
more friendly to our passengers especially sa mga PWDs. Long lines, long queues is a given.
Interviewer: Sabi nga po, may nabasa kami na article na queues are inevitable.
JE: Queues are inevitable, yes totoo po yan. But then as you can see hindi naman sa it’s not that,
hindi naman siya offensive na argument. But before the lines, the queues are there even before,
even before it's a busway.
Interviewer: Yes correct
JE: It's just that walang linya, its scattered, ngayon it's an organized chaos, if I would use that
term.
Interviewer: Organized chaos?
JE: Organized chaos, still chaos organized in the sense that there is already a line organized in a
way that you know, especially we are talking about the EDSA bus way, because i cannot use any
other routes kasi EDSA bus way lang ngayon yung may designated or dedicated way, we’ll just
talk about the EDSA bus way.
Interviewer: Yes
JE: Before andun na yung mga tao, tao andun na talaga, nasa daan sila, kung saan saan lang sila
nag aantay ng bus. At least for now there is this designated stops wherein hey “this is where you
should wait”.
Interviewer: So you are saying that having a physical bus stop, would enable passengers to have
an orderly ingress and regress?
JE: Yes
Interviewer: In a way
JE: Yes in a way, although there are still a lot of developments that should be done
Interviewer: Well do you think that it should also apply to EDSA buses?
JE: Of course! Oo dapat ganon.
Interviewer: Because we do see a lot of bus stops on the other side of the road but then it seems
like those are not really utilized, ganon.
JE: Yes exactly, also we have to understand the policy of MMDA, they do not allow provincial
buses to ply along EDSA.
Interviewer: Yes
JE: Yan po yon, yan yung mga isa rin sa mga, mga bus stops na yon ay for provincial buses
Interviewer: The ones on the right side of EDSA?
JE: Oo yon, it was used before. As to the inconvenience, yes totoo talaga yon. I’m sure you have
seen or I guess you have been to Japan, ang dami rin naman na nag aantay na mga pasahero.
Interviewer: Actually, nakapaginterview po kami ng PWD and kasi partner sila sa NCDA yung
national council on disability affairs. So meron kasi silang parang exposure trip sa Japan, and
they observed yung parang public transportation nila and nung tinanong namin kamusta naman
po? Sabi nung PWD, malayong malayo sa Pilipinas and I agree po.
JE: Yes , malayong malayo talaga and sa daan palang nila they have this, yung parang for the
blind.
Interviewer: Ah yes the markings on the road?
JE: Yes the markings on the road. So malayong malayo talaga. Hopefully, we are trying naman
diba. The government is acknowledging the fact that wala pa talaga.
Interviewer: Wala tayong kumbaga sapat na infrastructure.
JE: Yes, wala pang sapat na infrastructure
Interviewer: So why do you think na, given na infrastructure is also part of the problem in terms
of the bus services, why do you think that it's poorly design or right now wala tayong sapat na
infrastrure, why is that?
JE: Poor planning
Interviewer: Poor planning?
JE: We could have envisioned that years before, but then we never did. We were stuck with the
idea that we were satisfied with what we had before. We never envisioned that the population
will grow. That somehow people would be able to buy more cars that would contribute to traffic.
Kasi yun naman talaga eh.
Interviewer: Kasi yun yung Build Build Build eh
JE: Ah yes
Interviewer: May nabasa akong study from our civil engineering department na, we continue to
build roads, pero we’re encouraging pa people to buy more cars. Kasi according din sa
applicability Philippines, parang more than 80 percent of people living in Metro Manila are
reliant to public transportation but only 20 or 22 percent of road space are allotted to public
transportation alone.
JE: Pero eto din, it has nothing to do with having more roads, more bridges, it has nothing to do
with that. Because the more roads you have, eventually it will be congested with cars, with
vehicles. It has something to do with planning proper management or traffic management. Come
to think of it, eto I just heard of this in one of the professors. If we tend to gain weight our
tendency is to buy bigger clothes which should not be the case. We should lose weight so that we
can still use that clothing that we have. Same thing with public transportation, instead of
planning a strategy to maximize the area for public utility vehicles. Wala tayong ginagawa eh.
We expand, expand and expand. Which eventually lalaki at lalaki lang. Say for example diba
pwede naman tayo bumili kasi ng bigger clothes, so okay lang.
Interviewer: It's not really solving the root cause of the problem
JE: Yes, exactly.
Interviewer: So in short kulang talaga ang infrastructure ng public transportation.
JE: Yes, aside from infrastructure, poor planning.
Interviewer: So, how do you think po ba ma maaaddress ito ng government or specifically, how
can the government address the complaints of bus commuters or their struggles?
JE: The struggles, I think malaki talaga yung maibibigay na solution ng route rationalization
study Because in route rationalization study, we will be able to identify ano ba talaga yung mga
route na dapat mag bukas. Ilan lang ba talaga yung mga buses na dapat na tatakbo or PUVs or
UVs na dapat tatakbo. Route rationalization is one thing. Having a subway system, because it
will cater to more passengers, that's another thing.
Interviewer: But it's already in the works po no?
JE: Yes its already in the works, which is a good thing. And i hope walang mga aberya. More
than anything we should develop yung rail system natin. Come to think of it, in other countries,
in europe im sure you have heard of it, andun sila sa stage na train subways, ngayon papunta na
sila sa bike. Pero tayo hindi parin tayo nakausad. Kasi eventually, parang ang magiging goal mo
is to have a car less society for the environment.
Interviewer: For the overall health benefit din. Actually may nabasa akong article na, one key
determinant for you to say na successful yung public transportation mo is kahit yung mga CEO
or top officials ng mga company ay kayang makapag commute gamit ang public transportation.
JE: Yes, which hindi pa rin nakikita ngayon, but hopefully. Baka naman.
Interviewer: All right, so may additional questions po kayo?
JE: Do you need any data, or number of city buses, number of routes open. Or do you have that
Interviewer: Nakikita po namin sa literature is 5000. Yung sa routes nabasa po namin siya sa
isang news article ng GMA. so okay na po.
JE: Okay okay
Interviewer: All right! So on behalf of my research team, kasi yung dalawa po andun naman sa
DTI, sa bureau of philippines standard. Maraming maraming salamat po for sharing your time
with us to do this interview. As in sobrang insightful po talaga. Malaking tulong po talaga sa
aming research.
JE: We always welcome students naman. Ever since ganon talaga, priority siya.
Interviewer: Thank you so much
Expert 4 Interview Profile and Transcription
SR: Ayan so good morning po ulet sir _ first and foremost on behalf of my research team I
would like to thank you po for accepting our invitation to conduct this interview as part of our
research study on designing a more inclusive and sustainable bus stops or shelters within metro
manila… So as an expert or an officer on bus dispatch management, uhm your insights and
views are of great source of information and would contribute a lot in writing our paper so we
hope you will be candid enough with your answers to the questions so that we make it unbiased
and relevant insights. So please be assured that as part of data privacy act of 2012 uhm all
information and or data that will be gathered during this interview session will be strictly
confidential and solely be used for academic purposes. So, with that do we have your consent po
sir Ronnie?
SR: Yes, yes.
Interviewer 1: Alright so first question po sir __, gaano po ba ka-importante ang city buses sa
public transportation center ng bansa?
SR: Uh actually yung city buses yung bus itself, pangalawa siya sa hierarchy of transportation.
So siyempre una yung sa mass transportation yung una tren, tapos yung bus- so uhm, much
needed siya talaga ngayon dahil yung pag-open natin ng economy natin so siyempre movement
ng mga tao kailangan may masasakyan yan papunta sa trabaho.
So medyo ano din siya sa traffic, traffic management kailangan balanced siya so kaila-kailangan
proper yung dispatching natin. Hindi p-pwedeng sabay-sabay siya na nasa kalsada on their own
dapat may nagco-control so diyan papasok yung unit ng MMDA yung bus management pero
yung mga nilalabas na ruta, hindi MMDA nagpro-provide niyan which is uhh- falls under the
control of the ltfrb so kung ano yung nilalabas na mga franchises ng LTFRB, doon kami nag-
aadjust sa mga area na yon.
Ngayon kung saan may area ng terminals, private man o government owned terminals, dun tayo
ang-aadjust. Duon kami pumopwesto. Yung ating systems sa bus management dulot-dulo lang
kami for example-
Bigyan ko kayo ng example: Fairview going to PITX, so sa Fairview nandun kami sa Robinsons
Fairview yung dispatching naming and then sa PITX nandun din naman kami. So, dulot-dulo so
ayun area of coverage naming.
Interviewer 1: Okay po, when you said po hierarchy po of public transpo- like papano niyo po
ba parang napri- prioritize yung mga public transportation like what are the rubrics that you
follow?
SR: Yung sa transportation naman of- that falls under din naman ng DOTr noh? Kaya lang kami
nandidito is uhh- in support ang amin uh regulatory power uynder our mandatre is our transport-
traffic and transport management. Yung traffiC maamngement- kaya kami nakakapagcontrol ng
mga trips nila. Siyempre nakaka-epekto sa trapik yan so ayun nga ang aming major concern so
yun naming papaglalabas ng mga public transport yung mga hierarchy na iyan, kung
mareresearch niyo nakalagay yan sa omnibus franchising guidelines ng LTFRB yung OFB.
Nandun yung hierarchy of mode of transport: Tren, Bus, Jeepneys, Taxi, hanggang duamting sa
Tricycle. So yun, yun yung hierarcy of mode of public transport.
Interviewer 1: Alright, noted on that po. So, given na nabanggit niyo po uhm maraming mga
kumbaga may mga promising benefits na naka-attach when uhm- when the country fully utilizes
its public bus sector. Ngayon po, why is it that bus commuters continue to struggle with their
commute?
SR: Marami tayong ano eh- maraming tayong nakikitang problema sa kalsada. Unang-una,
siyempre yung uh- necessity ng tao parang sinasabi nila na kahit nga tumaas yung gas nagdadala
parin ng sasakyan eh. So hindi parin nababawasan yung sasakyan sa kalsada- so sama-sama
parin yung public transport and private vehicles. So bakit nag-sstruggle kasi nga papasok palang
tayo eto sa “new normal” natin.
During pandemic nakita niyop, bakit ang luwag ng traffic? Kasi bawal lumabas yung mga tao
diba? Walang tao sa kalsada, napakaluwag. Wala rin naman masakyan kasi nga limitado rin yung
pinapa-biyahe non pati yung uh- low-capacity ng mga public transport natin. So talagang ano eh-
ibaba;ance natin ngayon sa pag-pasok at medyo- sabagay confidential naman ito eh noh? Kasi
yung nakaraang adminitrasyon, ang ginawa nila pinagputol-putol nila yung mga ruta. So may
mga area ginawa nilang loop, kaya nabuhay yung EDSA Carousel eh- ginawa nilang loop.
The other routes, pinutol din nila so nagging loop lang din siya- uhh, to give you view diba
nakita niyo yung Carousel noh? Kaya tinawag siyang Carousel, supposedly ikot lang siya ng ikot
from PITX to Monumento.
Interviewer 1: Opo.
SR: Tapos ang feeder routes nila- tintawag nilang feeder routes for example galling ako ng
Fairview, hanggang dtto lang ako sa quezon avenue. So ikot lang din ng ikot yan from Fairview
to Quezon avenue- so yung mga pasahero kung papunta ako ng pasay area or baclaran, galing
ako ng Fairview, babwa ako ng Quezon Ave. Lilipat ako ng Carousel ngayon para makarating
ako ng baclaran so ginawa nila ng loop yung route. So ganon talaga yung inconvenience ng
pasagero na bababa ka, sasakay ka, another bayad nanaman.
So yan, yan yung struggle na sinasabi natin- so ngayon itong present administration uh diniretso
nila ngayon. So yung balik ruta nila na sinasabi ng LTFRB, from Fairview nagkaroon na ng ruta
papunta na ng baclaran- PTIX diretso na, pero hindi nag-via EDSA. Dati kasi pre-pandemic
diretsuhan- ewan ko kung nakita niyo yun eh noh? Diretsuhan yung mga bus from baclaran to
Fairview pero via EDSA ngayon hindi nila dinaan sa EDSA kasi nga because of the existing uh-
bus route na nandiyan sa Carousel. So sabihin niyo, ano pinagkaiba?
Kasi dati yung noon nung nasa kanan yung mga bus from baclaran to monument it will took you
three hours bago ka makapunta ng monumento kung galling kang baclaran. Ngayon nasa gitna
siya nasa 14 minutes- mga PTIX to monumento. So yung travel time ng tao ang napabilis natin
nung nagkaroon nitong Carousel- kaya lang yung paglipat-lipat ng tao yung naapektuhan. So
yung inconvenience sa kanila sa pag transfer-transfer ng masasakyan.
Interviewer 1: Understood po. How about ano po, on the context of non-EDSA Carousel buses?
Yung mga nagcocommute po ng bus pero hindi gumagamit ng EDSA Carousel like why do they
continue to struggle?
SR: Sa ngayon, yun nga yung sinasabi ko kanina na kunwari from Fairview meron na siyang
diretsong biyaheng PTIX. From Fairview meron na siyang nilabas ang LTFRB diretso na ng
alabang pero hindi siya via EDSA. Medyo malayo nga lang yung ikot kamukha ng galling ng
Fairview via Quezon Avenue yan tapos Taft- diret-diretso ng Taft, dire-diretso ng Roxas
Boulevard para makapunta ng PTIX. So ganun na yung ruta na ikot niya.
Pag rush hour, ang travel time non siguro nasa mga one and a half hour to two hours and biyahe
niya so siyempre sa haba ng biyahe niya at alam niyo naman na ang espana yung quezon avenue
na talagang medyo volume na yung sasakyan diyan so nagkakasabay-sabay na rin at meron na
rin mga different mode of transport ngayon. Andiyan na yung mga PUJs, modern jeep, yung mga
UVs- so nagkakasabay-sabay na sila.
Interviewer 1: Okay, so given po with the current stuggles na sinasabi niyo po na nagiging
inconvenience- ano po yung parang lacking or what is lacking duon sa current system of bus
transportation services ng bansa- particularly po sa mga city buses?
SR: Alam mo talagang ang ano dito is uh yung drivers behavior sa nakikita namin. Kasi yung
during pre-pandemic noh? Bigyan ko lang kayo ng idea, during pre-pandemic na nasa kanan
yung mga bus, andaming pasaway. Alam mo bang huli naming nun sa no contact apprehension
sa bus alone? Umaabot kami ng 2000 apprehension per day. SA bus lang ha?
Interviewer 1: Andami po.
SR: Dahil yung mga iba meron tayong designated pa yung ano ah- bus stops.
Interviewer 1: Opo.
SR: At our bus non meron pa siyang makikita niyong ABC, kumbaga nakatatak duon sa bus may
sticker yon na letter A- so dun ka lang magbababa magsasakay sa loading bay na letter A. Meron
naman letter B, na dun ka bababa’t-sakay din. Letter C, ibig sabihin non pwede ka magbaba’t-
sakay sa letter A o B. Pero despite that, kapag may nakatayong pasahero sa isang kanto, hihinto
ang bus. Hihinto siya, para masakay niya kahit wala sa bus stop.
So ano ba yung problema? Yung driver’s behavior, pati yung pasahero na kung gusto niya diba
‘lam mo naman dito sa atin kung saan ang ano kung para po! Gusto duon hihinto. Diba? So
nagkakaproblema tayo sa ganyan kung saan niya gusto sumakay saan niya gusto huminto
bumaba dun niya gusto bumaba. So talagang discipline ang pinakamalaking ano sa atin dito.
SR: Sige, alright noted on that po. Disiplina po talaga, so bago po namin kasi kayo ma-
interview Sir Ronnie- nakapag-interview rin po kami ng mga commuters at saka bus drivers
beforehand.
Based on our interviews po with them being the different stake holders of a bus stop or bus
shelter, ang kadalasan na mga concerns uhm most especially among commuters is during the
pre-transit service phase ng bus commute.
Kasi sa bus commute po meron po yang tatlong phase na dinefine kami, first phase is yung mag-
aantay yung mga pasahero ng bus like pupunta sila sa bus and duon mag-aantay for a bus, and
then the next phase would be called the in-transit phase kumbaga nakasakay na sila sa bus-
bumabiyahe na sila, and then the last phase would be the uhm post-transit service phase which is
yung pag-disembark nila sa bus. Ngayon, yung mga commuter woes or yung mga commuter
concerns na natatanggap namin is during the pre-transit service phase.
They stated po that waiting is uhm consuming nakakapagod marami pong mga tao present duon
sa mga bus shelters which can lead to anarchy especially along commonwealth avenue at saka sa
ayala, pollution and weather conditions are unbearable daw po and that safety is of their concern.
Fortunately, during the bus ride naman like yung experience nila habang nakasakay sa bus wala
naman sila concern about that kasi parang sinasabi nila na that they feel a sense of relief and
satisfaction because they get to enjoy the cold temperature on board and other on board
amenities while seated.
So, given that context po Sir ___, why is it that bus commuters complain about these things?
Particularly regarding their uhm overall waiting experience
SR: Number one, kung ang nainterview niyo diyan is uhm Bus Carousel, iba kasi yung
situation ng Bus Carousel. You know why? Kasi free- free siya. Nung nag-iistart palang yung
Bus Carousel, nung merong fare box- ibig sabihin nagbabayad yung tao uh nasa sixty thousand
uh- daily ridership. Ibig sabihin sixty thousand yung gumagamit niyan ng EDSA Bus Carousel.
Nung nag- free ride na siya, 130 thousand ang gumagamit ng Bus Carousel.
Interviewer: Per day ba ito?
SR: Per day. Would you imagine the difference? Diba? Talagang may queueing, talagang may
queueing- nakikita ko rin eh. Pag nakikita ko sa hapon pag pauwi ako eh. Haba ng pila, umaabot
sa footbridge, duon sa mrt station andun pila ng tao. So marami pa kasing inaadjust ngayon sa
bus carousel. Number one, hindi pa kumpleto yung bus stops. Kung nakita niyo yung sa Ayala,
nasa ibabaw kasi siya.
Supposed to be, asa ilalim lang dapat si Bus Carousel. Kung familiar kayo- Buendia Southbound,
may station na tayo diyan na Carousel. So nasa gitna siya diba? Lalabas siya, kakanan siya para
makapunta sa ibabaw kasi nanduon ang loading and unloading dahil hindi pa tapos yung bus stop
sa ilalim ng Ayala. So tunnel, dun dapat may bus stop yan eh station hindi po tapos sa ngayon
talagang ganon nagkakasabay-sabay sila don sa may Ayala ibabaw Southbound dahil may iba
pang ruta duon ng bus.
Yung mga coming from the south, coming from Alabang, Binyan, FTI, Laguna- so nagmemerge
sila dun lahat. Talagang magulo dun lalo na pag hapon uwian dahil yung area na pinag-sasama
ng mga bus is loading and unloading lang yon. Hindi siya terminal. Now, pag nagbukas na si
One Ayala, kung napansin niyo may dating- may building don diba? Sa may MRT station,
terminal yon ni Ayala. Hopefully, mabuksan na yon para magiging terminal siya- yung mga
pasaherong nag- aantay mismo sa may loading stop dun sa Ayala, makapasok dun para maka-
upo man lang habang nag-aantay ng biyahe.
So yung safety nila, tama yon, yung pollution- atleast don naka- may convenient yung pasahero
sa pag-aantay ng masasakyan nila pero hindi pa nagbubukas yung One Ayala. So ganyan talaga
kaya tawag ko nga don- in usapang kalye, parang chopsuey yung transport system natin dun sa
may Ayala, dahil naghalo si Carousel, naghalo din yung ibang non-EDSA routes. Yon, kaya
ganon talaga ang- actually napansin na nga din ni Presidente yon dahil diyan umuuwi si
Presidente sa Dasma eh.
So diyan sa may Forbes Park Mckinley, nadadaanan niya yan sa gabi. Bakit daw wala masakyan
mga tao? Kasi ganito din na system sa Carousel, from 4am hanggang 11pm- free ride, free ride
siya. Pagdating ng 11:01 ng gabi hanggang 3:59am the following day, may bayad siya. So
siyempre ilan lang ba tong bus natin na buma-biyahe diyan? Nasa 540 yung binigay na permit ni
LTFRB. So dalawang _ yan ah, hindi ko alam kung nakapag-interview na rin kayo ng _. Dalawa
yung nag-ooperate diyan sa Bus Carousel, which is yung idea pag sinabi mong _ dapat isa lang.
Kaya ya lang dalawa…
Interviewer 1: So dalawang grupo-
SR: Kaya masakit daw ulo ni LTFRB, imbis na isa lang kausap, dalawa ngayon yung kausap. So
di- unlike medyo alam mo na ito kasi nasimulan ito last administration, kami naman part ng
MMDA- ang suporta namin diyan sa Bus Carousel is yung engineering- engineering pati mga
stations kami gumawa niyan. Yung mga barriers uh- DOTr ang bumili niyan pero kami ang
lumalatag kami ang nagde-design so yun yung participation ni MMDA sa Bus Carousel. Ang
Bus Carousel kasi under the operational control of the DOTr.
Interviewer 1: Correct, correct. How about the context of the non-EDSA Carousel Buses po kasi
nabanggit niyo po- like in-explain niyo po samin ngayon yung parang commuter woes na ina-
associate niyo po duon sa edsa carousel, how about po doon sa non-edsa carousel buses niyo po?
SR: Yung san a-sample mo yun kanina yung sa commonwealth-
Interviewer 1: Yes po.
SR: Yung sa commonwealth kasi, medyo iba rin ang sitwasyon diyan gawa ng- ang buntod talga
ng ano yan particular diyan sa _, yung kasing galling ng Montalban which is Rodriguez-Rizal na
ngayon, meron diyan mga class 3. Ito yung mga modern jeep calss 3 na mode of transport.
Pinutol rin ni LTFRB yan from Rodriguez-Rizal, pinutol niya hanggang sa Dona _. So ano
tendency ng mga tao? Hanggang gun lang sila sila bababa niyan tapos si bus, coming from
Fairview, coming from _, Bulacan area- siyempre may pasahero na yan pa-daan don.
Siyempre puno nay an, so kung anglaglag si Montalban mga Montalban na modern jeep ng 70 na
pasahero at parating si bus na sabihin na natin na 20 lang yung bakante ano ngayon yung
mangyayari sa 50? So mag-aabang uli ng another ano diba? So ayan talaga eh, medyo may
konting problema. Anong ginawa naming solusyon diyan? Ngayon, hanggang ngayon anong
ginagawa namin ito, every morning from 5:30am to 8am nagpapa-skip bus kami. Ano itong skip
bus? Yung biyahe mula Quezon Avenue hanggang uh- Fairview, pinuputol naming yon angpapa-
dispatch kami ng walang laman para umikot duon sa Dona _- masalo nila yung pasahero duon na
naiipon na bumabagsak mula Montalban para makasaka lang sila and even Quezon City has four
buses for libreng sakay-
MMDA nagprprovide ng dalawa na 6x6 trucks. Hindi naman sasakay diyan yung mga ano alam
mo na- mga babae. Puro allaki ang mga nasasakay naming don mga medyo brusko pero atleast
nakakabawas yun sa dami ng pasahero don. So yun ang everyday routine na ginagawa naming
diyan sa uh- Dona Carmen-Commonwealth para ma –ano lang natin yung mga pasaherong
naiipon. Pero ngayon, nagdagdag na ng biyahe ang LTFRB meron na rin silang uh- dinagdag na
mga class 3 na nakakadiretso na ng uh- marami kasin dun na bumababa papunta ng ano eh _,
papunta nan g uh- ano tawag dito?
_-Rotonda hanggang dun sa university belt. So may mga nakakadiretso na, kaya from 75 skip
buses nung medyo angstart kami few months ago, ngayon mga 25 buses nalang na-skip buses
kasi may mga dumadaan na talaga nan a-cacater na yung mga pasahero na naghihintay natin
duon. Go ahead.
Interviewer 1: Alright, noted on that po. Pero tama po ba na kasama din diba sa omni bus
driving franchising guidelines ang pag- parang pag provide ng parang area for the commuters to
wait, tama po ba?
SR: Uhm, meron na kaming nilagay diyan na uh- loading and unloading yung amy mga tents na
makikita mo. Supposed to be na yung mg area nay an yung uh- LGU nagprprovide sila ng mga
bus tops na may mga waiting sheds so- kasi kaya hindi talaga naming ma-focus diyan sa
Commonwealth, merong kasing plano diyan talaga ilalagay sa gitna ilalagay yung bus parang
Carousel din siya diba may MRT tayo diyaan- MRT
[AUDIO CUTS OUT]- may bike lane tapos for public transport tapos ngayon may pag-uusap pa
ulit yung third lane gagawing exclusive for motorcycle alne so ganyan yung itsure ng
Commonwelath- sa ngayon ah sa ngayong plano. Yung sa _ kasi, siyempre under ng ano iyan eh,
yan yung guidelines ng LTFRB so sila yung may mandate diyan.
Interviewer 1: Okay, noted on that po. So given yung parang uh- yung given na situation ng
mga commuters eh no. Well actually we do not speak only for the Commonwealth po kasi in this
study we try to encapsulate po yung city buses within Metro Manila so we’re considering bus
tops within Metro Manila area talaga so with that po, why is it that uhm- pre-transit service or
yung parang mga bus stops natin or [AUDIO LAGS]
SR: -medyo nawawala yung audio mo
Interviewer 1: Hello? Okay so-
SR: Medyo napuputol-putol yung audio mo
Interviewer 1: Ayan so, given yung- again we don’t speak for the Commonwealth alone- we
consider lahat ng mga city buses within Metro Manila. Ngayon po ang question naming diyan,
why is na yung pre- transit service design na yung pre-transit sevice na binibigay natin sa
commuters why is it that it is poorly designed or it parang meron siyang poorly consideration of
commuters needs?
SR: Naputol na- yung huling huling tanong?
Interviewer 1: Sorry sir, ulitin kop o. Why is it that pre-transit service is designed with poor
consideration of commuters needs?
SR: Siyempre yun ang ano natin sa- kanila noh? Kasi ang priority natin talga is yung public
convenience. Yan din yung nakalagay sa franchise ng LTFRB kaya tinawag natin yung na CPC
diba? “Certificate of Public Convenience” so siyempre ang ano talaga natin diyan sa mga
pasahero na kapag-pag pag prprovide ng designated bus stops or stops na uh- all weather ay
dapat okay ke-umulan or ke-maaraw dapat okay sila. So, yun yung uh- dapat minomonitor ng
ating government. Kami kasi sa MMDA kung napansin niyo sa EDSA may mga naiwan pa diyan
na mga- mga shades- waiting sheds.
Nililipat na naming sa Commonwealth kung saan yung kailangan talagang mga taong nag-
aantay. Kasi wala na yung bus naitn sa kanan eh- unit-unti, siyempre amy mga kontrata pa yan sa
mga naunang mga uh- nagprovide ng mga anon a yan mga equipment na yan. So, bigyan ko din
kayo ng idea eh noh? Supposed to be dun sa OFG ng LTFRB, kaya nga meron hierarchy ng
public transport- dapat uh, excuse lang ah.
Interviewer 1: Sige po.
SR: Dapat kapag meron na for example isang area o isang ruta- kapag meron na bus diyaan
dapat wala ng ibang mode of transport. Yun ang dapat sa nabasa ko lang dun sa OFG, kaya lang
ang problema hindi naman nasusunod.
Interviewer 1: Kumbaga uh- one is to one. Tama po ba? Kumbaga itong route na ito kung bus-
bus lang talaga. Kung jeep, jeep lang.
SR: Oo, kasi para hindi magulo. Kasi ang ganda kung nakasulat eh, problema is implementation.
Tignan mo yung Taft Avenue, Taft Avenue alanganin four lanes- pero andaming mode of
transport yan. May jeep may UV may modern jeep may bus. Commonwealth ganun din, pero
dapat pag may bus na diyan bus lang. Yung mga _, mga jeep, mga UV dapat feeder- feeder
routes yan dapat. Siya magffeed ng mga pasahero- so palitan yan dapat eh. Kaya lang, yung
design- yung design na nilabas ng mga franchise medyo chopsuey siya. _ yung mga public
transport, hindi ami yan ha? Hahaha. Ang major concern lang talaga namin is yung traffic
management.
Interviewer 1: Alright noted noted.
SR: Kaya kaya kami minsan nakikialam- minsan nakikialam talaga kami sa ruta. Lalo na nun,
nung binuksan yung uh- nung after ng pandemic. Actually pandemic parin tayo ngayon, medyo
nagbukas na tayo- nakialam kami sa ibang ruta kasi nakikita namin nakakaapekto siya ng Malaki
sa traffic so nagbigay kami ng recommendation sa LTFRB na medyo baguhin ang ruta na ito kasi
nakakaapekto- so sinunod naman ng LTFRB. Nagmodify sila ng uh- nung route na binigay nila
kasi ngayon hindi pa tapos si LTFRB.
Meron pa daw sila ilalabas na mga new routes, mga bagong MC nila. So inaantay lang naming
matapos yan pati pag-aapruba nila ng mga special permits kung sino pwede bumiyahe. So
inaantay lang naming matapos siya para magkaroon kami ng ng- kasi mina-mapa naming yan eh.
Map-based namin yan kung saan dadaan toh, kung saan ba nag-ooverlap, kung saan may
connectivity, supposedly dapat may connectivity yan sa isang biyahe sa ganitong biyahe, kung
san may traffic- saka kami nakikialam. So yan, yan yung direksyon namin.
Interviewer 1: Noted on that po, so concluding this interview session- last question nalang po
kami. So given na nababanggit niyo po samin noh, provided by approved by LFG na kailangan
makapag-provide tayo ng a sense of public convenience and a place for commuters to parang to
have a sense of personal relief noh- how do you think or how can our pre-transit service
complaints or how can the pre-transit complaints and struggles of commuters be managed or
addressed?
SR: Uh ako tingin ko ano toh eh, full government approach- diba kailangan natin ibigay sa
publiko yung binabayad nilang tax. Diba? Yung serbisyo natin, minsan ito sa katotohanan lang
nagtuturuan minsan- kunwari sa isang ruta, sino ba maglalagay ng bus stop diyan yung merong
waiting area yung mga pasahero? LGU ba? MMDA ba? Which is LTFRB ba? DOTr? Pero lahat
ito concern namin eh. So dapat naguusap-usap tong gobyerno- saan ba talaga? Ang problema
naman natin ay hindi- hindi tayo makapaglagay kasi hindi pa- hindi pa talaga final yung mga
nilalabas nilang ruta. Special permit palang toh eh. Hindi pa talaga siya yung franchise, kasi
yung franchise every 5 years yon- nirerenew.
Interviewer 1: Mhm.
SR: Even yung mga bus operators, may mga nang-aagaw rin sila sa special permit kasi yan nilo-
loan na sa bangko yung bus nila diba. So ang bangko may mga bangko meron mga hindi
tinatanggap ang special permit lasi special permit anytime pwede i-scrap yan. Hindi ka maka-
franchise- pag franchise yan 5 years yan. So ibig sabihin pwede ka mag-loan. Pwede gamit ng
bus operators, so ito mga toh nagkadugtong-dugtong eh. Now, tinatanong mo ako bakit ganito
ang mga struggle ng mga pasahero- siguro nakuha mo na yung hint, kung bakit?
Kasi mismong gobyerno natin, may konting- hindi konti, actually may problema. Who is who is
on top of public transport? Number one talaga, hindi ba DOTr ito? Hindi ako sa nagtuturo diba?
kasi DOTr, falls under their mandate. Ano ba ang LTFRB, under niya- under ng DOTr ito. Uh-
LTO under din ng DOTr. So siya yung pinaka-may ano talaga dito, pero bakit minsan kami pa
hinihingan ng data. Diba ayon sa dispatching namin, siyempre amy data kami na- maprprovide
sa kanila, ilan ba yung bumiyaheng bus.
llang units, ilang trips- so ito yung mga naprprovide namin sa kanila. Alam mo ba tong mga
kwento ko lang noh, segue lang natin. May ruta kasing FTI to Ayala. I don’t know if youre
familiar with the route. Ang daily average na pasahero ng FTI to Ayala is nasa 16 thousand in a
day- nung naglabas sila ng bagong fanchise, wala _ yung bagong special permit bago yung MC
nila, wala yung ruta na yon. So siyempre mga bus operators lutang- san kami?
B-biyahe ba kami? Ako, within our ano dapat bumiyahe kayo kasi walang masasakyan yung mga
tao. San sasakay yung 16 thousand iyon? Pumaspasok daily, so nung nag-usap kami ni LTFRB
nagbigay siya ng pansamantalang provisoin na assisted naman naming, so yun. Ibig sabihin na-
solusyunan agad isang magiging malaking problema. Papano kung hindi kami- kung wala
kaming data? Wala kaming monitoring sa field?
Na nakikita nga naming ganito nga yung everyday struggle, ganito yung everyday monitoring
naming, papano nalang edi makikita nanaman naming sa social media na yung mga tao tambak-
walang masakyan diba? So, kailangan talaga mag-act lahat diba? Kasi eto yung sa totohanan
lang- the past administration ito talaga’y ligwak na isa ng ano- ano natin. Yung puclic transport,
yungtransportation. Yung talaga yung tinamaan talaga ng pandemic- would you believe?
May kilala akong mga bus operator, para masustain lang nila yung daily uh- operational
expenses nila, nakapagsanla na sila ng mga lupa, benta ng mga properties. Talagang para lang
masustain nila ang public transport, siyempre as a bus operator- uh bagsak talaga eh. Uh yung
kanilang- uh business talagang tinamaan ng husto nitong pandemic. Talagang tinaaman ng husto.
Go ahead.
Interviewer 2: Hello?
SR: Nawala.
Interviewer 2: I think nadisconnect lang ata si Endrei
SR: Ah okay, na-get niyo naman yung explanation ko?
Interviewer 2: Ah, yes sir I think you made naman yung explanation it should be like a full
governmental approach tapos dapat mas organized talaga ang communication between the
different organizations that are actually in charge nito. I guess na you’re parang saying that its
more of accountability na rin kung sino ba talaga dapat in charge dito
SR: Yes, sino ba talaga may jurisdiction sa ano- dapat talaga may on top na magma-manage.
Interviewer 2: Noted sir.
SR: Meron pa ba?
Interviewer 2: I think that was our last question na, siguro we can wait for Endrei- I think that
was our last question naman.
SR: Ngayon, kung meron pang gusto niyong maihabol sa susunod sabihin mo kay Endrei na
magtext lang sakin- advise niyo lang ako may email add naman ako sainyo kung sakali.
Interviewer 2: Actually nagtext po sakin si Endrei na nawala data niya kaya- pero. We’re 4th
year students po sir
SR: Ah, graduating na kayo- okay. Alam niyo ba kung bakit ko kayo in-entertain din?
Interviewer 2: Oh, why sir?
SR: Diyan nag-aaral anak ko.
Interviewer 2: Oh, what course po sir?
SR: Computer Science, freshman palang siya- freshman. Diyan sa Gokongwei building kaya
andiyan ako nung nag-enroll.
Interviewer 2: Maganda ngayon, bagong renovation ang Gokongwei building sir.
SR: Yes, oo. Mukhang nag-eenjoy nga anak ko eh panay kwento sa kainan sa loob eh. Oo, yung
library niyo ilang level daw may mga beanbag pa daw.
Interviewer 2: Mabuti naman, goodluck to him sir.
SR: Goodluck din sainyo, kung may maitutulong pa ako advise niyo lang ako ha?
Interviewer 2: Yes sir, uhm yea actually that was it na sir- the last question. Once again on
behalf of my team, we would like to thank you sir for participating sa interview session- and if
ever po we have additional question naman, we’ll get in contact nalang. Thank you sir ingat po.
SR: Goodluck sainyo okay okay.
Expert 5 Interview Profile and Transcription
Interviewer: All right, so first and foremost po, good Afternoon po mr. ____. Tama po ba
Jaime?
AS: Correct, ___.
Interviewer: So first and foremost po, on behalf of my research team, I would like to thank you
po for accepting our invitation to conduct this interview and for sharing your time with us. As for
our research study on designing our intrusive sustainable bus stops or shelters within metro
manila. So as an architect, siguro i would safely say na expert in terms of inclusivity of
transportation infrastructures in our country. Your insight of views are of great source of
information and would contribute a lot in writing our paper. So we hope that you will be candid
enough with your answers to the questions so the we may gain unbiased and relevant intel.
AS: But my focus is in the infrastructure as an architect, so I am not in NCDA and DPWH craft
the amendments in implementing rules and regulation of batas pambansa 344. So standards and
dimensions on infrastructure. When it comes to moving vehicles, DOTR yon kaya i don’t get
involved there. But what’s inside kagaya ng sitting areas nila, then we'll just get involved there.
But basically, when we start involving ourselves with the DOTR it's basically more on the
infrastructure side. So terminals, dun kami pumapasok sakanila. Because of the accessibility law.
Interviewer: Yun po ba yung batasang pambansa 344?
AS: That is batasang pambansa 344
Interviewer: Okay noted on that po. So before we start po please be assured that. For the strict
compliance of the data privacy act of 2012, all information and/or data that will be gathered
during this interview session will be strictly confidential and will solely be used for academic
purposes.
AS: Thank you
Interviewer: With that po, first question po, in your perspective po how important are city buses
in the public transportation sector po in our country?
AS: Its important because the person with disability will not be able to go to place of work, place
of rehabilitation, place of school, if there are no buses that will bring them there. So our concern,
once he gets off or leaves his house, he should be able to go to his destination area. When you
commute, you take buses. So importante yon, so that has to be considered in all aspects. Ang
problem natin dito is if a person with sensory disability ang problem lang naman namin is we
cannot see or those that cannot hear so yun ang sensory disability. You are either blind or deaf
or hard at hearing, or with low vision. But those with ambulatory difficulty, they have more
problem because they have to go out sa buses. So pag tinignan mo ngayon, yung ating sidewalks
they are differently leveled diba. Kasi ang sinasabi ng government, we have to put it up because
nag babaha. Well that the problem that the government has to solve. It doesn't mean na porket
nag babaha itataas mo yung kanyang sidewalk tapos yung mga buses, pano sila papasok sa
buses. Next is that when you start crossing streets, nasan ba yung mga ramps nila to be able to
ascend the level of the sidewalk, to be able to ride buses, to be able to reach bus stops. So eto
yung mga concerns natin, just like in any terminal those with sensory disability den, kasi ang
buses natin hindi sakto sa oras so you'll just have to wait. When there's a bus there, can a blind
person, will they be able to know yung destination ngbus na ito. Saan ba ang kanyang trip. Kung
deaf ka naman, kailangan may signage na tell you that this is the terminal that he has to go down
to. So kung may audio system, hindi niya maririnig yon. Well of course its important to take
buses, at tsaka once you are inside the buses a person with disability should be able to access it,
to be able to enter. Naka wheelchair ka, san ka papasok? how will you ascend or go up the stairs
ng buses? Is it a lowered bus na pwede ka bumaba, meron ba siyang ram p na pwede nating
gamitin to ascend, pag pasok ba niya makakaupoi ba siya? Is there a space for them. So these are
the things that will affect the person using these buses. Diba? Nakikipagagawan, wala naman
tayong pila. So naiiwanan yung mga person with disabilities. Huli sila para makapasok. Kaya
theres a lot of person, particularly those in wheelchairs they rather take taxis kasi mas mabilis
para sakanya. Ang problem dito sa taxis, kapag nakita nung driver na naka wheelchair, hindi nila
tinitigilan. Kasi what happens? Bababa siya, isasakay niya yung nakawheelchair, tapos ifofold up
niya yung wheelchair ilalagay niya sa trunk, ayaw nilang gawin yon. Ganon din yung mganasa
jeepney, so hindi nila tinitigilan. So magaantay ka till somebopdy waits for you. So since focus
niyo yung bus stops siguro dun tayo mag concentrate. Pano sila papasok? Is there a bus that is
accessible? May courtesy bus ba dito that will go down. I think we saw one in Clark na
bumababa siya and there's a ramp, meron siyang built in ramp, yung driver will have to put that
collapsible ramp there, will have to put that para makasakay naman yung naka wheelchair.
Interviewer: Understood po, so in short po we need buses as its a better comprise as compared
to other modes of transportation?
AS: Its cheaper rather than taking the taxi or grab diba. Tapos siguro kagaya ng MRT, of course
MRT will always be better. But the MRT transverse iba yung main thoroughfare. So yung mga
auxiliary lines eto naman yung mga buses kaya we take that route ano. Ang problem naman natin
sa buses, yung mga bus stop niya. So yung idea niyo to have a bus stop and to control yung what
time the bus will be there. Ayun yung mga importante, you have to look into that.
Interviewer: Okay understood that po, so moving on po kasi before we interview po.
Beforehand, we already interviewed some pwd commuters. Actually pumunta po kami sa, i dont
if you've heard of bigay buhay multipurpose cooperative in caloocan.
AS: Si manlapas, did you talk to him?
Interviewer: Ang nakausap po namin sa BBMC si sir Richard
AS: Ah Richard Arceno
Interviewer: Siya po nakausap namin ang he gave us PWD commuters na who we can
interview. So base po kasi sakanila, na may mga instances na yun nga po yung nabanggit niyo na
naguunahan, yung tawag po kasi namin dun is anarchy. Lalo na po sa EDSA kamuning, na yung
tipong nagtatakbuhan yung mga tao para makalabas. Isa yung bababa from the bus tapos sampo
sabay sabay yung tataas yung mga ganun instances. May mga instances din po na nanakawan din
daw po sila, naholdapan din sila pero they can't do anything kasi they have mobility issues.
Meron din times din na mahaba yung waiting, hindi naman sa mahaba yung waiting time pero
they would a considerable amount of period of time. So, why do you think po ba architects
involved that PWDs continue to exhibit struggles during their bus commute?
AS: Because DOTI is not doing anything. The problem has always been there pero, well palagi
sinasabi nila na yung height nung kanyang bankenta at saka yung threshold ng buses are not on
the same level. So there has to be adjustment. Sino ang gagawa non? DPWH is the one in charge
of the main thoroughfare ng mga kalye, ng mga main national roads. Eto samin dito, Secondary
yung chino roces, kasi dun dumadaan yung mga buses, main thoroughfare. Ang problem yung
height mismo ng curve at saka yung threshold ng bus. So, pag nag lagay ka ng ramp you have to
follow a certain gradient. Yung slope niya. Which is 1 is to 12. So kapag yung height ng iyong
banketa is 8 inches, ang haba ng kanyang ramp is 2.5 or 2.4 meters. Ganun kahaba, so mas
mahaba pa sa haba ng kotse. Ah wait im sorry, kasing lapad ng parking sa mga wall. A fit yung
2.4, so ganun kahaba yung magiging ramp mo. So, ang maaapektuhan dun yung establishment
right beside. So DPWH number 1 has to work on their height nung kanilang mga ramp or they
have to work on having a ramp gradient. Kasi pag nakababa ka sa bus, pano ka mag crocross ng
street. Kasi it’s not only putting the bus line eh. Kasi diba pag baba ng naka wheelchair
kailangan yung infrastructure should also be prepared for them. Assuming, kunyare galing siya
sa school, they’re coming from the school, pupunta siya ngayon sa side walk wherein they can
take the bus. So, kung nasa sidewalk na siya yung height ba nung surface nung sidewalk at saka
yung threshold ng pintuan ng bus ay pareho ba siya? So what happens pag magkaiba? So who
puts in the ramp? Even though there is a collapsible ramp, whether going from the sidewalk
going to the lower threshold of the bus or going up, who's gonna put that? Kailangan yun ang
responsibility ng bus driver or ng bus company. Because yung infrastructure is there already. So
there are two things: have a standard dimension on the height of the curve, that's very important,
para at least when the bus owners or let's say franchiser imports their buses sinusundan lang nila
yung height. So, they do not come up with several steps na mas mataas pa dun sa banketa. If ever
there will be, kailangan somebody has to provide that ramp or the bus goes down. Yung mga
courtesy bus that goes down to the level of the sidewalk. Ngayon pag sinabi mo “ sir meron kami
dito bus stop” yung bus stop ba niya, do they have sits, or kailangan merong siyang area for the
wheelchair user to park their wheelchair. Ngayon how do you reach that bus stop? Baka naman
pagdating mo dun sa bus stop, you try to cross the street ang daming pldt post right in the middle
tapos may mga gire wires. Diba may mga wires yung mga poste nila or sometimes yung kanyang
utility post nasa gitna ng sidewalk, its eating up already yung sidewalk. Sometimes meron pa
silang mga plant box sa iabgn areas. So yun yung importante, yung interface mo first from where
you are, let's say a school or an office to your bus stop then from the bus stop to the bus itself
yung entry niya. And vice versa pagdating niya sa destination, pwede ba siya makalabas tapos
maka get out. And maybe if there is a connecting jeep terminal, makakarating ba siya don? So its
not only providing the bus, it's also after they get off the bus to reach the connecting
transportation nila whether it be tricycle, whether jeepney, or whether taxi or whether they just
transverse the sidewalk papunta na sila wherever they want to go. So, yun yung importante. It
has to work together as one project. Kagaya ng ginagawa ng MRT ngayon, kasi they always ask
us. Since, sabi namin okay nakasakay kami sa MRT pero pano kami lilipat sa connecting
transportation mode namin whether its jeepney. Pano kami makakapunta, yung sidewalk nila
matataas. So yun ang tignan ninyo. Look at the bus, at tsaka look at the after ascending and
descending the bus yung surroundings for where they want to go.
Interviewer: All right po. Actually kasi nasubukan po namin recently yung end ng carousel.
Parang hindi talaga siya PWD friendly kasi what if gagamit ka ng MRT wala kang ramp papunta
pababa or even man lift. So nakakalungkot na, the means of the PWD are not well thought of or
not considered into the planning stage of such infrastructure.
AS: Dapat kasi from the very start, DTI should not allow these buses to enter. Kasi some of these
buses they come from japan. So Japan complice with all accessibility laws, pero pag dating dito
pagkuha ng mga concesioners, yung mga nag import niyan, dinadagdagan nila ng silya. So
nawawala na yung space duon sa harap. Pinapalitan pa nila instead na it can go down,
natatanggal na yon. So yung ang nagiging problem. So pag magpapasok sila ng buses, better not
at all accessible, baket? Kasi walang law, walang governing law ang DOTR on what type of
buses can be brought it. Wala hanggang ngayon, antagal tagal na niyan, hindi sila gumagalaw,
puro sila promises. But they’re not even doing anything. Dapat, Halimbawa neto, ng NCDA,
alam mo when government people works they dont even finger point the problem of another
government agency. Parang silang magkakapatid, so naiiwanan in the middle yung person with
disability. Hindi maimplement yung law, kasi yung isa hindi nag cocommply. Yung isang
government agency that should implement it or should coordinate it hindi nagagawa kasi para
silang mag kakapatid walang turuan, walang finger pointing. Well if ever they are, nakikita natin
pero after that nagkakalimutan na. When it reaches to the top, so mga secretaries na. Siguro sa
baba nag shashare responsibility, its ours. Pag dating sa taas, parang yung mga secretaries under
secretaries nag kakaintindihan na sila. Baket ang tagal tagal na hanggang ngayon ang problem ng
person with disability is always the transportation. So you have to look at what's happening in
other countries, developed countries. Baket sila meron, kasi for the person with disability, alam
niya ano oras sila pupunta tsaka general public accommodates, palalabasin, gives priority. Kaso
kulang yung transportation, nagaagawan, kanya kanya na. Hindi na pinapansin yung mas
mabagal makapasok. Kaya imaging if a blind person kung wala siyang guide, pano siya sasakay
sa bus? Ang aming guide will always be tactile to our surfaces san kami tatanyo dapat dun
tumitigil yung bus. Sa mga ibang bansa, pag dating sa mga train, alam mo na dun ka lang
pupunta kasi ito yung area titigil yung train exactly dun ka sa door. Pero yung buses, hindi mo
alam kung saan so you have to bring a companion. Kapag meron ka namang companion you
spend double. You spend twice for the transportation, for the meal allowance of the person, the
person who accompanies you. And also you are taking the opportunity of that person who
accompanies you to have their own way of earning a steady income, makapagtrabaho, kasi
binabantayan ka. Whether kapatid mo, magulang mo, or kasama mo sa bahay. Dahil sa social
economic side naaapektuhan din yon. Mahalaga paren sa mga person with disability kaso yung
companion naman nawawala yung opportunity niya magkaregular job siya or work kasi theat
person feels na kailangan samahan ka kasi kamag anak or kapatid or magulang.
Interviewer: Understood po, actually totoo po yung mga sinasabi niyo na kasi based ren sa mga
interviews with the commuters specially with the PWDs, ang concern kasi nila kasi during
they’re waiting for the bus. Kasi yung overall bus service hinati po namin yun sa tatlong phases.
So we have the pre transit service phase wherein commuters would wait for the bus to arrive
tsaka sasakay sila. The second phase is the intransit phase, big sabihin nasa loob na sila ng bus,
parang enroute na sila doon sa destination nila. And last is the post service phase which is yung
bababa sila from the bus at their point of destination. Ayun nga po, ang concerns nila is medyo
magulo yung pila, may anarchy. Minsan yung security and safety is undermined or compromised
kasi wala masyadong sapat na ilaw. Minsan walang parang walang natural defensive design
kumbaga to protect the commuters from unwanted intruders especially sa mga road based
accidents natin. Kasi ako personally, upon seeing how the barricade was constructed along the
EDSA carousel is parang hindi napagisipan ng mabuti. So ayun po. Nabanggit niyo po kasi
samin kanina na meron pong kinoconsider na gradient, actually parang ang basa po namin is
parang 4 degrees of inclination?
AS: When you talk about gradient, yung ratio ng height at tsaka nung altitude at tsaka horizontal
distance. So kunyare 1 yung height mo, kailangan yung haba ng ramp mo is 12 feet yung
horizontal distance. Yung sinabi mo kanina, degrees yon. Yung 1 is to 12 is equivalent to 4.5
degrees yon.
Interviewer: For it to be safe?
AS: No, for it to be compliant to the laws. 1 is 12 gradient, So ang gawin mo nalang is sundan
mo nalang yung 1 is to 12 or if you want you can use the degrees nasa 4.5 degrees yon
approximately.
Interviewer: So ayun po nabanggit niyo po na kailangan ng ganon na 1 is to 12 na kailangan
masundan in every public transportation infrastructure. So what else pa po ba, aside from that
ang kailangan makita sa mga public transportation infrastructure to say that it is inclusive sa
mga PWDs and mga seniors?
AS: Pag pasok mo sa bus mismo. Kailangan you should be able to do a turn around. Kasi pag
pasok mo, you're facing the seat, papasok ka tapos umupo ka. Dapat meron kang area duon sa
bus wherein you can park your wheelchair. Hindi yung puro papalipatin ka sa upuan. Kasi nasa
wheelchair siya. So there's no way for that person, lilipat pa siya, tapos itutupi pa niya ang
kanyang wheelchair. So if he has a space for where he can park, he'll just make sure na
makakaparada siya. Ilolock naman niya yung wheelchair niya para wag siyang umandar nang
umandar. But there has to be a signage. Hindi yung papaakyatin mo siya tapos san mo siya
ilalagay pag dating sa loob. Pag merong maga audio system ang mga buses, there has to be
visual. Kasi let's say buendia taft avenue, although the deaf can see but sometimes hindi siya
nakafocus hindi niya naman maririnig yung audio announcement. So sa blind naman, ang
importante sakanya yung audio. Nasan na ba tayo? Can I go down now? So yung audio
announcement kung nasaan siya. So yung mga bus stop kailangan importante pagkababa niya
alam niya san siya pupunta. Diba? Turn right, turn left. Although i don't know kung anong extent
niyo, are you only dealing with the buses? Or the areas surrounding once they get off, kailangan
yung interface from the bus to where they want to go. Kailangan importante rin yon. Because
you have to comp up with yung standard nung bus but you also have to coordinate with the
national or local govern pano sila pupunta dun sa kanilang destination. Kasi kung hindi, andudun
nga siya sa bus, nakasakay nga siya, pero hindi naman siya makaakyat. Ang mangyayare
sakanila, dun lang sila sa kalye mag whewheelchair. Kasi hindi siya makaakyat sa sidewalk, so
dun siya bababa sa may kalye. And there's one person from NCDA, ganun siya theyre being
shuttled to a particular dropoff point, pag dating dun, mag commute na siya hanggang dun sa
bahay niya. So bababa siya, pero hindi siya makaakyat sa sidewalk kasi walang mga ramp. So,
kasama niya yung mga kotse. So yun ang tignan din natin, hindi lang yung mga bus.
Interviewer: Actually totoo po yan. Actually yung scope po kasi namin in our thesis, is the
public infrastructure, the bus stop itself, the physical structure of bus stop. That is what we're
trying to address. So ayun po
AS: Pero you have to address, how will they reach that bus stop. Meron ka ngang bus stop na
maganda, compliant, and everything but will they be able to reach that bus stop. If ever they are
there at the bus stop, makakasakay ba siya ng bus?
Interviewer: You mean accessibility wise po?
AS: Because of the different elevation.
Interviewer: Okay, all right po. So with the responses that you have stated to us po, you are
confident po that bus stops in our city, in metro manila is poorly designed in relation to the
consideration of PWD commuters needs?
AS: Ano? again again
Interviewer: With the responses that you told us po, are you pretty confident po ba na yung mga
bus stop natin dito sa metro manila are poorly designed in relation to the consideration of PWD
commuters needs?
AS: Yes i think so. You know when i was still sighted i take the bus, pero ngayon hindi na kasi i
really have difficulty taking buses. Pero what im seeing also, other persons with disabilities they
rather not go out nalang. Kasi hindi ka rin makakapag commute or you will have to take the taxi
or grab masyado na mahal sakanila yon, yun ang problem mo. MRT i think that can be a
solution, pero yung papunta dun sa MRT isa pa yong problema if youre coming from wherever.
Pero yung terminals ng iyong mga bus stop, kailangan coordinated ka sa national govern where
you will put that. At tsaka, will this bus stop service all buses of all different trips? So kailan
malalaman kung, lets say youre in EDSA makati tapos pupunta ka sa caloocan and youre waiting
on the bus stop, anong oras dadating dito? Diba. Kailangan coordinated yon, kasi antay ka ng
antay don, parami ng parami yung tao dun sa bus stop. Kagaya nga ng experience nung sinabi
niyo, agawan sila, naiiwan talaga sila. So hindi lang yung bus stop shed ang kailangan,
magagamit mo ba yon kung hindi ka naman makakasakay sa bus stop? Magagamit mo ba yun if
youre reaching that bus stop, hindi ka naman makaakyat sa bangketa diba? So collaboration yan
sa local government or sa national government. Yung different line agencies ng government. Sa
DOTR, DPWH, MMDA well dapat properly coordinated itong mga kailangan natin gawin. Kasi
kung ang DPWH gawa lang siya ng gawa ng sidewalk na matataas ang rampa. Tapos si
transportation naman, bili ng bili ng buses na mababa ang kanyang threshold. Tapos si local
government, lagay nang lagay ng mga poste, signages, utility lights, telecommunications post,
plant box, na hindi na makadaan ang PWD. So iyong bus stop na ginawa is useless. Its useless.
Interviewer: So youre saying po that it should be collaboration with iother government
agencies?
AS: Oo with other agencies.
Interviewer: Okay noted on that po. Aside from the collaboration with the government agencies,
what are the other ways pa for us to address these struggles of PWD bus commuters?
AS: Kasi i don't know, ang bus stop mo ba is addressing their needs?
Interviewer: Yes po addressing their needs.
AS: Do you think if you put a bus stop there? How will it address their needs, rather than just
syempre may waiting area ka pero magagamit ba nila yon? Will they be able to take the bus, to
ride the bus, to access those buses? Babalik tayo dun sa kaninang sniabi ko. Local government,
MMDA, DPWH, DOTR, babalik tayo don kung maganda nga yung bus stop mo. Pero nagagamit
ba yan, magagamit ba nila yan? One thing important also there but i dont know how you can
include that, there has to be a call phone. If in the event anduduon siya, nastuck na siya, nag
aantay siya sa emergency, a person with disability inatake, epileptic, meron ba siya tatawagan
pag mag isa lang siya sa gabi? Meron ba siyang emergency call button? I dont know mamaya
onti ginagamit din ng iba for prank lank. Pero yun ang mga concerns natin. Kagaya ng i think
there are apps na pwede mo malaman kung puno na yung terminals. Ganun din siguro yung bus
stop, puno ba to or marami. Kasi pag dumating yung naka wheelchair, puno yung bus stop mo
makakapasok ba siya? Pagbibigyan ba siya? meron ba siyang priority lane don?
Interviewer: Understood po. Actually that's what we're trying to address din as soon kasi may
nabasa rin kami na literature that says “improving amenities on bus stops would increase the
ridership and reuse intention of public transportation modes” especially sa mga bus stop. SO yun
po, thats why were very passionate about this study kasi gusto talaga namin maayos yung
sistema natin ng transportasyon kasi to be honest it is not really satisfying at all.
AS: Correct, you what you should get from NCDA? Yung statistics, how many persons with
disabilities. Naka wheelchair ka, how many? Those who are blind and deaf, how many? Kasi
with those statistics you can now have a ratio of the program. Ayan ang problema ng NCDA,
once you ask them, hindi kumpleto. Ituturo ka sa DOH, wherein ang survey ng DOH ay hindi rin
kumpleto. Hingiin mo sakanila, par they should be responsible. Although I helped NCDA in
crafting mga laws and amendments. Pero yun ang palagi kong nakikita sakanila. They've been
talking about the number of person with disability in statistics pero hindi sila confident sa
number. And sinasabi ng United Nation, 10% of the population of the general public ay person
with disabilities. Pero pag tinignan mo ang record ng NCDA wala pang 10% baka 1% or 2%
lang so nasaan? Bakit hindi nakakahabol sa rule of thumb ng United Nations. Isipin mo we've
already passed a hundred million of populations sa Pilipinas, pero pag tinignan mo ang record
nila yung persons with disabilities i don't know if umabot ng 2000. Ayun ang problem, hindi nila
natratrabaho yan nag tuturuan sila, whos going to do the work? And who's going to put the
budget there?
Interviewer: Okay po
AS: And another thing, siguro when you start building itong mga bus stop niyo. Merong general
appropriation act section i think section no. 33 or number 33 provision na sinasabi they should
provide a budget for the needs of persons with disabilities. So kung yung ang local government,
or MMDA is the ones who's going to put those budgets, those bus stops, kailangan dun sa budget
nila they should fund that. Kasi nanduduun sa national 33 ng general appropriation act, you read
that. Kasi sa mga government buildings ayun ang sinasabi namin, dapat merong kang budget
there kasi meron ng sinasabi. Sa private buildings or if ever that bus stop that you're thinking will
be funded by private sector ibang storya yon. No matter what they should comply with the
accessibility law. Ang problem kasi natin ngayon with the accessibility law yung BP 344, it's so
focus on those with ambulatory difficulty. Dun lang, ginawa ito 1982, nagkabatas 1983, for full
implementation 1984, tapos nagka amendment nung 1994, tapos wala na. Hindi na napasok ang
those for sensory disability. Dun nga kami tumutulong. Inaammend namin itong 1994,
implementing rules and regulations of BP344. We have that already. Okay na sa DPWH. Nasa
DOTR pero ang DOTR pag aaralan nila muna at sinabi nila baka may pa natin mapirmhana kasi
babasahin pa namin, tapos don siguro pwede na natin iimplement. Pero its been with them for the
past year na. So hindi gumagalaw, wala talagang silang, hindi saintention, hindi nila binibigyan
prioritization. Siguro hindi nila alam what to do pero they should take that big step, kasi nasa
law. Du sa provision na ginagawa namin, kasama na ang those with sensory disability yung blind
and deaf. But this are for buildings. Bus stops are infrastructures, sidewalks are also part of
infrastructures. So you ask NCDA for a copy of the December 2020 draft amendment of batas
Pambansa 344. Rule 2, appendix A ayon andodoon yon makikita niyo. Tapos nanduduon din,
that will be revisited every 3 years para kung may mga di napansin, na hindi na include pwede
isingit after 3 years. Kasi every 3 years we will revisit and see what are the things that should be
remove, corrected, revices, or added.
Interviewer: Is this already approved po by the government?
AS: Approved na ng DPWH pero nandodoon pa sa DOTR. Ang mabagal palagi is always yung
DOTR. But sabi ng DOTR “we will follow that”. So you can start using that kasi wala naman
masyado nag bago. Yung gradient pareho lang. Ang mga nadagdag yung some provisions for
those who are blind and those who have problems with hearing. Kasi kagaya ng blind person,
how do you interact with a blind person? Kasi there are only 2 faculties na pwede naming
gamitin; hearing and touch. Kasi wala kami visual eh, wala kami vision. So hindi namin makikita
kung may signage ka don. Pero pano namin malalaman nandyadyan na yung bus? Pano namin
malalaman san kami papasok? Hearing and touch. Touch can be brail or sa flooring yung mga
tactile surfaces. Sa hearing, may announcement, nandyadyan na siya. Hindi nakasulat doon
meron siyang video doon or screen doon na sinasabi na bus in 3 minutes hindi namin makikita
yon pero kailangan meron siyang audio na bus in 3 minutes so we can start preparing mag antay
na kami don sa linya.
Interviewer: Understood po. Allright. We’ll took into consideration all of those in our design
phase. How about you guys, Vince and Justin, do you have any more addition questions to
architect Silva? None naman for me, none as well. All right, actually this ends na po our
interview section.
AS: Gaano kalaki yung magiging bus stop that you are thinking of? Malapad ba siya? Malaki?
mahaba?
Interviewer: Right now po, we’re actually relying on sa omnibus guidelines ng LTFRB. Parang
may nakalagay po that the size should be parang 100 to 115 percent of the daily influx of
passengers in a particular bus stop. Parang ganon po. Something like that. So kasi right now po,
ang point of location, is yung no.1 yung sa EDSA carousel, no.2 yung sa may ayala, no.3 yung
AS: Ayala yung sa may EDSA ayala? Sa may SM?
Interviewer: Tapos yung mga bus stop sa may makati avenue and yung along sa may robinsons
galleria po sa may Ortigas.
AS: Ah hindi, that does not touch ayala avenue.
Interviewer: Opo, iba pa po yun. Kumbaga we’re considering bus stops that are located on high
foot traffic area.
AS: Meron bang buses na dumadaan sa makati avenue?
Interviewer: Ah meron po
AS: Okay, ang high density diyan yung EDSA?
Interviewer: Ah opo, correct.
AS: I don't know, you try to check yung buses sa makati. I live in belair makati. I go to work sa
chino rocess. I don't remember seeing buses, yung public buses that plies makati avenue.
Interviewer: Sa may parang business district po ng makati.
AS: Pero walang buses na dumadaan don. Meron bang buses?
Interviewer: Meron po. Kasi nagmamaneho po ako along that avenue.
AS: Ah okay, coming from where?
Interviewer: Usually op nakikita na po siya within the vicinity of sa glorietta, greenbelt. Medyo
malapit na po siya doon.
AS: Public buses?
Interviewer: Opo, public buses.
AS: So you want to put one there. You want to put sa EDSA sa may SM. There's another sa
Ortigas.
Interviewer: Were actually designing a universal but stop that could fit in those areas. So
actually that could fit in all the bus stop locations in metro manila. Kumbaga one universal
design for all. Tapos incorporation of the commuters needs in to the design. Ganon po
mangyayari. Oh by the way po architect Silva may sub question pa po pala kami na nakalimutan
itanong.
AS: Yes, ano?
Interviewer: Is there a way po ba or do you any idea with regards to how do we measure
quantitatively ang inclusivity ng isang infrastructure. For example, for backup. How do we
classify its inclusivity, kumbaga inclusive siya sa mga PWD, seniors.
AS: Let's take the elevator nalang. Pag pumasok ang naka wheelchair on his own, maprepress ba
niya yung buttons? They can use the elevator on their own, mag isa lang siya and they can go to
the highest floor, or to the lowest floor. If im a blind person, ako lang mag isa, papasok ako sa
elevator. Will I be able to go to the floor that I want? Will I be able to press the floor number
where I want to go? When that door opens, will I know that I am on the same floor that I want to
go? Ganun din ang deaf, ang deaf siguro nakikita niya they can press. Pero nag stuck yung
elevator, tumigil between doors. Tapos tatawag yung dun sa walang CCTV, tatawag yung
imbestigation, tatawag yung tumigil sa floor, “may tao ba diyan?” Pero deaf ang person na
nakasakay, so hindi niya naririnig tumatawag pala sakanya. So ano sasabihin ng enginner? “Ay
walang tao mamaya nalang natin buksan yan”. So what do you do? Yan ang ibig sabihin ko, will
they be able to use the facility on their own without somebody assisting them. And that is
inclusive design. Pumunta ako, lalaki ako, kasi alam mo yung sa toilets for example. Toilets for
persons with disabilities are good. Sa amerika yung parang tawag nila diyan is family toilet
baket? Kasi maybe the husband is a non person with disability, pero yung wife is on a
wheelchair. So pag pumasok siya sa male toilet, hindi pwede kasi babae. Pag pumasok sa female
toilet hindi pwede, kasi lalaki yung tumutulak. Kaya ang kanyang alternative is go to the toilet
for person with disabilities. But if you are able to move independently, sinisegrate mo siya, to
use the gang toilet. So dun ka pumunta sa male toilet. But is there a provision for you to use the
male toilet ang liliit ng cubicles? Dapat may isang maluwag don. So it's not only putting a toilet
for person with disabilities, but you should have a cubicle inside the male gang toilet so that a
person on wheelchair can use that toilet. Ayun ang inclusive design, youre including them. Hindi
lang isa ang pwede gumamit, lahat pwede gumamit. Ngayon because of that universal design,
remember everybody keeps talking about the universal design but if you ask the dimension of a
universal design facility, wala ka makikita na nag didictate ang universal design kasi universal
design is only a concept, a principle. They always use the standards and dimensions of the
country. Yung accessibility law of a country, kung sa Japan ka sinusundan mo yung Japan, kung
nasa Philippines ka ginagamit mo yung sa Philippines. Kaya kung sinabi mong ginagamit mo
yung universal design always think of it as just a concept that everybody can make use of it. Pero
you cannot say that ang “aming ginagamit ay universal design” and these are our dimensions
because universal design does not have a specific dimension. They will always refer you to the
accessibility law of the country, post country. So yun ang tatandaan niyo, it's a concept, it's a
principle saying that everyone can use those facilities.
Interviewer: So in short po, you are saying that it can be measured through perception on paano
mo ba siya mapapadali, o magagamit?
AS: Oo ng persons with disability, without assistance. Remember, ang gusto natin independent
mobility. Self reliant. Kasi ako may kapansanan ako, nag sasama pa ako ng isang tao para
samahan ako. Ang nangyayari i am not anymore that independent. Kasi may iba talaga they
really need somebody to assist them. Kagaya ko bulag ako, but I move, I work. But am I able to
do this, if I enter the facility? Ayun ang dapat malamang natin, kasi if I'm able to do that, if i am
able to experience the building on my own, okay diba. Pero kung nawawala ako, hindi ko alam
san pupunta, then I have to get somebody to help me bring me around. So there has to be
provisions for me like tactile floor surfaces, braids on elevators, talking elevators, tactile maps,
talking signages, so these are the new things. Sa ibang bansa pag nakita mo yung shopping
centers ng ibang bansa meron silang tactile floor surfaces. Yung linya at tsaka yung bilog bilog,
it will guide you. But it cannot be all throughout lalagay yon, may thoroughfare. But you have
your own iphone or maybe a transceiver receiver. Pag dumaan kayo, you want to go to a male
garment store, pag dating mo sa point mag tritrigger yung iyong iphone or iyong hanap mo na
device sasabihin “male garment store, 10 meters to your right”. Parang waze, so ito yung mga
talking signages na sinasabi. So gusto mong pumunta sa toilet, natapat ka na doon, titrigger sayo.
Lumabas ka ng train, hinahanap mo nasan ba yung stairs papunta sa sidewalk, o igaganon mo
lang iyo then may tritrigger kapag tinamaan siya, “stairs”, so alam mo yung direction mo sa
stairs. Or toilets, so alam mo yung direction mo sa toilets. So these are the talking signages. So
these are the provisions that should be included. Well yung iyo it's only a bus stop, but you start
looking into that also. How can you make a person with sensory disability be able to move
independently duon sa iyong bus stop. Maliit nga lang yung bus terminal mo pero will they be
able to be independent there? Or kailangan alalayan mo pa siya? which of course they do not
want. Kasi pag laging mong inaalalayan ang isang may kapansanan na pwede naman siya
maging mag isa, you are causing the disconnection, his disconnection to society, his being able
to interface with society. Dinidisconnect mo siya, lagi mo siyang inaalalayan, hindi mo siya
binibigyan opportunity to move independently. So yun ang tignan niyo sa bus stop niyo.
Nagagawa ba yon ng bus stop niyo pag nag antay ng bus. Pag pumunta dun. I hope that it's clear.
So yung sinasabi mo na pano natin malalaman if it's inclusive. Take a look at that elevator
concern. Magagamit ko yung elevator on my own without assistance kasi anduon yung
architecture features ng facility that would help me access and move independently.
Interviewer: Noted on that po, so ayun po this ends our session po.
AS: Yea sure, you just email me kung ano ang kailangan ninyo.
Interviewer: Noted on that po.
AS: And then you ask the NCDA for the December 2020 draft amendment. It's not a perfect
because its just amending the 1994 IRR of BP. Biruin mo 1994, hindi na napalitan, 1994, ngayon
lang hindi pa ma-amend amend. Puro draft kasi yung ibang government agencies, it will take
another 6 months for them to review. That's only 70 pages. So yun ang sinasabi ko, kulang ang
kanilang giving priority. That is why the private sector should really push the government to do
this. The sector mismo should really push to do this. Kung hindi, it will be the same scenario for
20 years na ganito. Okay?
Interviewer: Noted on that po, all right so thank you po so much architect ___ once again on
behalf of my research team. Napaka insightful po ng mga views na sinare niyo po saamin and
surely this information would be of great help in crafting a more sustainable, inclusive, and safer
bus stops. So yun po thank you po so much Architect Silva.
AS: Thank you
Expert 6 Interview Profile and Transcription
Interviewer: All right, so first and foremost po on behalf of my research team Engineer ___, I
would like to thank you po for accepting our invitation to conduct this interview as for our
research study on designing a more inclusive and sustainable bus stops or shelters within metro
manila. So, as an engineering expert from the department of transportation, your insight and
views together with your colleagues po, all of your insight and views are of great source of
information and would contribute a lot in writing our paper. So we hope that you will be candid
enough with your answers to the questions so that we may gain unbiased and relevant intel. So
please be assured that as part of our strict compliance with the data privacy act of 2012, all
information that will be gathered during this interview session will only be used for academic
purposes and will be strictly confidential. So with that po ba do we have all of your consents po
to proceed with the interview?
BA: Yes
Interviewer: Okay po. So first question po, how important are city buses in the public
transportation sector of the country?
BA: Excuse me, hello?
Interviewer: Yes po
BA: First and foremost, etong mga sasabihin namin does not reflect officially the department's
position. These are only based on our personal opinion. So yun lang yung disclaimer
Interviewer: No problem with that po.
BA: As for the question, we think yung bus stops and bus networks, especially yung bus systems
ng Metro Manila or mga cities or event centers. So I think basically, basic means naman ang
transportation and these buses serve as transporting people from one place to another and
connecting other stations they can transport people from station to station din whenever they
want to transfer lines. Also, since the department is pushing for mass transit systems, highly
important yung buses especially hindi lang sa corridors kung saan meron na yung MRT, LRT.
Kasi our current process sa bus system ay naka linya or same line along our train systems. So
better if nag cocomplement sila, na siniserve din niya yung other corridors aside from our train
lines.
Interviewer: So sinasabi niyo po saamin na city buses are important because it promotes mass
transportation. Kumbaga it can carry a lot of passengers as compared to other modes and it
provides intermodal transportation. Ganon po ba? Is that what you meant po?
BA: Yes sir, but can I add?
Interviewer: Yes po
BA: I'll go with the social aspect or the mental stability of people. I believe city buses are
important most especially in public transportation for the well being of a person. Lalo na kasi
nagkakaron sila ng peace of mind na hindi sila na strstress in comes of pag mamadali or in other
expenses kasi nag kakaron sila dito ng lesser expenses when it comes to transportation. So
nakakakita sila ng ibang tao, kaya feeling ko there are other people who prefer going to city
buses or using the public transportation because they see other people. So dun ako sa aspect
naman din ng social economic of a person.
Interviewer: Pano niyo po nasabi na less expensive siya?
BA: If you were going to use a single car, you have to consider your maintenance, your gas
expense, toll, kung san man. Pero if you're going to use a public transportation like a city bus,
nagkakasya kayo sa isang bus and parang nag hahati hati kayo when it comes to the expense of
the gas and the maintenance of the bus. And nakakatulong ka rin especially to the driver of the
city bus and sa mga nag ooperate nito.
Interviewer: Ah so kumbaga package po siya, kumbaga all in na po siya?
BA: Ah yes.
Interviewer: Okay noted on that po. Given na sinabi niyo po saamin, balikan ko lang po yung
sinabi niyo. Youre talking about the benefits brought about by city buses. So una it could carry
multiple passengers, it catellocates intermodal transportation, and mas mura siya or mas less
expensive siya as compared to other modes of transportation or versus owning a personal car. So
with that po, putting aside those benefits or considering those benefits, why is it or bakit po ba na
until now bus commuters continue to struggle with their commute experience or with their daily
bus commute?
BA: Can I ask what's your basis for this na would you say commuters struggle with their daily
commute? Do you have a survey based on it?
Interviewer: Okay po, prior to interviewing you po, we have already interviewed 30 commuters.
Those commuters are comprised of senior citizens, PWDs, and regular commuters mga young
professional commuters. And we interviewed them po kasi, we asked them to describe their
commute experience or their bus commute experience fro start to finish. So parang dinivide po
namin yung commute experiences nila in 3 parts or 3 phases. The first phase is technically what
we call the pre-transit service phase, yung pre-transit service phase which is regarding dun sa
pag-aantay nila dun sa point of pick up, kung san yung parang “station ng bus”. Second phase is
the in-transit service phase wherein nakasakay na sila sa bus, they are already on their way to
their destination. And last phase is the post-transit service phase yun yung nakababa na sila sa
bus, nakarating na sila doon sa point of destination nila. And summing all up the responses of the
commuters, their main complaints and struggles stem from the pre-transit service phase. And
notably yung mga concerns po nila is number 1, pag nauulanan or pag umuulan parang nagiging
walang silbi, or hindi naman sa nagiging nawawalan ng silbe pero there are certain areas na may
mga shelters naman, na may mga bubong yung bus stops pero nababasa parin sila lalo na kapag
umaagyo yung ulan. Number 2, there is what we call anarchy, anarchy is technically nag
uunahan yung mga pasahero para makasakay sa bus which is very evident along EDSA
Kamuning, as depicted duon sa isang documentary ng GMA. Ayun po yung mga ilan sa mga
complains nila. And also when we interviewed the PWDs and seniors, ang sabi po nila samin
parang hindi siya PWD or senior friendly kasi there is one PWD na multiple times na daw siyang
nanakawan while waiting for the bus and while inside the bus. Meron din nag sabi na PWD na he
has to wait for a long period of time, and considering na meron siyang orthopedic disability and
medyo mahirap para sakanya na tumayo ng matagal kasi most of the bus stops there aren't really
enough places to sit. So yun po na reach din po nila saamin yung concern nila with regards sa
safety, with regards to security, with regards to inclusiveness most especially with our PWDs and
senior commuters.
BA: Sige, what your question, eto ba yung number 2?
Interviewer: Yes po number 2. Why is it that bus commuters continue to struggle with their
commute?
BA: Can you flash or do you have a copy or a summarize of your data para at least para
mavisualize i mean kasi visual person din ako para mapagusapan natin yung mga struggles at
maisa isa natin sila?
Interviewer: Wait lang po, give me a few seconds lang po, papakita ko po yung summary nung
aming findings. Can you see my screen na po? Nababasa niyo naman po?
BA: Yes po
Interviewer: Technically eto po yung galing sa mga interviews. Formulated meanings,
technically eto po yung galing sa mga interviews. So formulated meanings, technically eto po
yung mga complains nila. Kumbaga yung struggles nila as a bus commuter. and as I've said
earlier, not majority, but almost all of their complaints are stemming from the pre-transit service
phase. So ayan po.
BA: To answer your question, I’d like to focus first on the physical comfort siguro one of the
main reasons kung bakit merong a lack of personal relief assurance and comfort pag dating sa
ating mga bus stop and stations. First is that kulang pa ang standards na ginagamit sa Philippines
pag dating sa design ng ating mga bus stops at terminals. Although, may mga ibang existing laws
na may mga standards, it is is still lacking in terms of strict implementation. If you're familiar
with our Batas Pambansa 344 or the accessibility law, it provides the design standards for our
private buildings and public establishments. Pero it is still lacking on other specific contents pag
dating sa provisions on transportation sector. Currently, the department is working on putting up
the draft of the BP 344 pero its still on the initial stage. So, this leads to yung problem na
namention mo kanina na mostly pre-transit services yung nagiging hindrances para
makapagtravel yung mga persons with disabilities, pregnant women, and senior citizens. And
knowing na first stage palang ng travel nila, hindi na equitable yung use of public transportation
to them. Sa stage palang na yon nakakapagdecide sila not to pursue travelling on their own.
Aside from that hindi kasi tayo focus sa transit oriented development if youre familiar with the
concept. Yea TOD. Probably because of institutional set up, kasi as far as the mandate of DOTr
is concerned, kunyare mag tatayo tayo ng train station pati riles ng tren. Pag labas mo ng train
station which is more of a LGU jurisdiction na, medyo limited na yung involvement ni DOTr
duon. You mentioned earlier na you made a study based on the complete journey cycle mula sa
station hanggang sa pag sakayan hanggang sa pag baba ng station. Actually merong pang stage
prior to that, yun yung tinatawag namen na, i forgot, pero yung services na pag kuha or pre-
journey information. So our bus services available in the area, and then papunta sa station, and
post journey travel. So ayun, 2 main points, hindi pa tayo moving towards TOD, pangalawa lack
of design standards for our bus stations or actually for all transport facilities and stations.
Interviewer: Noted on that po. May follow up question lang po ako regarding that. Actually
prior also to DOTr, we interviewed the Philippines National Standard from the department of
Trade and Industry. Upon interviewing, meron pong mga Philippine standards po silang
nabanggit, specifically Philippine Standard 2165 state of 2022, which is yung public utility
vehicles, dimension of single platform bus, PNF 163 2021, public utility vehicles, dimensions of
mini bus, and PNF 2144 series of 2019 which is accessibility on public utility vehicles especially
buses and jeepney perticulation. And we also have the ISO standard 37154, which is more smart
community infrastructure and practice guidelines for transportation. And also, upon researching
din po nahahanap din po namin yung omnibus franchising guidelines nila LTFRB and DOTr. So
does that already suffice po ba with regards the lack of standards.
BA: Yea, may already existing standards tayo for you mention mga vehicles, tama ba? Yung
mga PUV na vehicles regards sa ISO standards.
Interviewer: Yes po
BA: Pero im not familiar with the specifics ng standard na yon. Siguro yung problem is, im not
sure ah. Pero baka nasa implementation. Pero for the standards themselves, for example meron
tayong mga buses na sobrang sikip ng passageway tapos sobrang taas nung floor nila which is
not accessible to all. I'm not also familiar with the process with how they came up with those
standards pero there's definitely issues if we consider yung comfort of all passengers, specially
yung persons with disability. Ayun, with that sense pag dating sa design, I'm not sure sa
hierarchy kung ano yung pinaka mag gogovern. As far as I know pag dating sa mga DTI, ano
sila, i'm not sure with the term, pero recommendation levels palang so;ala. Pero it's up to the
department concern kung iiimplement nila as enforce standards. I'll update you with the term
used by DTI on this. So in terms of loss naman, ang pinaka na gogovern kasi pag dating sa
design ng accessible facilities for buildings and transport ay yung accessibility law pero well
check o those you mentioned earlier.
Interviewer: Noted on that po.
BA: Those standards you mentioned yung PNS and DTI, those will actually be used sa PUV
modernization programs. Yung omnibus franchising guidelines na nakita niyo sa LTFRB. Part
kasi ng modernization program is magkaroon ng standards for vehicles. Ayon development of
PNS na yon magiging part siya ng effort natin, as you know transportation modernization
program natin ay ongoing parin pero definitely having those standards for vehicles will help in
the accessibility. As mentioned narin we have this BP 344. Tsaka yung standards na dinidevelop
ni DTI, as far as I know are for vehicles palang. And some of these problems na na raise niyo are
also for bus stops and bus stations which the BP 344 can cover as transport infrastructure din
kasi itong mga ito. Pero definitely standards for vehicles, PUVs, mini buses, can help in
accessibility pero ongoing pa kasi siya yung PUV modernization program natin in efforts pa
siya. Kaya we expect na mas maging evident yung impact nito in the next few years pa once na
mag tuloy tuloy yung implementation niya.
Interviewer: Noted on that po. So ayun nga po we talked about the public utility vehicles. What
about naman po on the infrastructure aspect of the bus transportation service, is it the lack of
standards and strict implementation lang po ba ang nagcocontribute as a factor in terms of the
negative experiences of bus commuters?
BA: Definitely a problem yung lack of other specific standards. Kasi yun yung basis natin to say
na quality yung mga na proproduce natin infrastructure. Pero in addition to that, Philippines has
been lagging behind naman talaga in the last few years pag dating sa infrastructure spending.
Kaya our departments DPWH, DOTr are really trying to ramp up yung budget natin for
infrastructure. In fact, kasama nga yan sa Philippine development plan. Nung nakaraang
Philippine development plan is really to increase infrastructure spending so that we can provide
better infrastructure quality infrastructure for the people and particularly sa area na to for the
commuting public. So yes there's a lot to improve pag dating sa infrastructure and we can
address that by spending more and spending strategically sa infrastructure, kasama na yung strict
implementation. Pero definitely we need to have specific standards in order to be able to
effectively and efficiently do those. Kasi if we keep on spending on infrastructure without
standards din there's no guarantee na maaaddress yung mga dapat ma-address. To add on, aside
from the infrastructure and conveyances the strategy of the planning and project development
office is moving towards covering all other elements of transportation. Including the provision of
transport information, of ensuring the transport staff and commuters alike, better understanding
ng mga challenging needs and legal rights ng all passengers including persons with disabilities,
pregnant women, and senior citizens. As well as improving our operation, our transport
processes, protocols, regulations, and procedures so that inclusive yung approach.
Interviewer: So the lack of specific standards and strict implementation po ang sinasabi ninyo
po ano that is the main contributing factor to the negative experiences of bus commuters. What
else pa po aside from that?
BA: Sorry, can you repeat the question?
Interviewer: Sinabi niyo po saamin kanina, it is the lack of standards that is the main
contributing factor to the negative experiences of bus commuters. Ano pa po bukod sa lack of
standards.
BA: As mentioned before, we have a lot to do din in terms of infrastructure, better infrastructure.
We have to have a better rationalization of routes. Tapos i think efficient operating processes.
Then we have to modernize na rin talaga yung operations natin and I think all this aspects in a
way naaaddress na siya ng PUV modernization program natin.
Interviewer: So nabanggit niyo po no Engineer ___ yung rationalization nung bus routes. Isn't
that already done? kumbaga nagawa na po siya ng aming government with regards to the
rationalization of all city bus routes.
BA: I think sa other urban centers or are we only talking about within metro manila?
Interviewer: Within Metro Manila po
BA: Kahit na meron na tayong mga ongoing may mga rationalizaers na tayo, i think LTFRB and
DOTr are still looking into it, monitoring if there are other ways to improve it pa. There are
ongoing talks if some routes will have to be revised pa rin. So yes, possible pa na magkaroon ng
improvement sa routes natin although ongoing talks palang siya. Also I’d like to go back to the
earlier question that tackles the whole experience kung ano yung contributing aside sa lack of
standards. Maybe sa standards we’re more referring to infrastructure standards, but if we’re to
capture the whole experience of passengers we have actually identified several barriers aside
from the physical. Physical meaning design of our infra and conveyances. Of course meron din
tayong mga social barriers that nagkakaroon inappropriate societal attitude towards sa mga
passengers. Specially yun nga mga passengers with limited mobility including persons with
disabilities, pregnant women, and senior citizens. Aside from that, the one that I mentioned
earlier, yung institutional and policy barriers yung fragmented development and the lack of
awareness and enforcement and political support. And the resource barriers yung inadequate
financing and allocation na laging tayo pag dating sa infrastructure spent. Siguro yun yung mga
key elements that contribute din to the bad or poor experience of our travelers.
Interviewer: Noted on that po.
BA: Also, siguro priority of addressing the physical barriers kasi within this physical barriers
meron pa yang hatian. How do you address the needs of those with physical, with those visual,
with those hearing impairment needs. So if you address yung physical barriers baka mag karoon
yan ng shade effect such that pati yung social and other kinds of barriers baka maaddress na rin.
Pero priority now, specially our planning and development office ay maaddress nga yung
physical barriers to transportation.
Interviewer: Noted on that po. So nabanggit niyo po na in terms of the lack government support
and lack of budget, hindi po ba nagkaroon ng budget in terms of infrastructure for road based
public transportation. I would like to quote lang po kasi yung shinare saming information ni Alt
mobility Philippines with regards to the breakdown of proposed 110 billion byahenihan package.
Meron po kasing tatlong components yon: We have the sustaining state public transport, space
for walking and cycling, and infrastructure for road based public transportation. Yung duon po sa
last component, kasama po duon yung bus stops development which is the cost per unit is 2.5
million wherein there is a target of establishing 1600 bus stops within Metro Manila. So, perhaps
meron po ba kayong insights on that with regards to the budget step on that particular
component?
BA: The one that I mentioned earlier in terms of inadequate financing and allocation is referring
to the totality of the DOTr budget and yung prioritization. But I'm sorry ano ulet yung project?
Interviewer: Breakdown of the proposed 110 billion pesos byaheninan pacakge for the bus stops
alone po kasi, this is according to Alt mobility Philippines, ang cost po na nakalaan when it
comes to bus stops developments is 2.5 million per bus stop. Ngayon po meron pong parang
planned to construct 1600 bus stops. Kasi I’m assuming po na with respect with the
rationalization route and also based on dun sa omnibus franchising guidelines parang every bus
route should have a specific bus stop wherein passengers could embark and disembark. So with
that po ang total cost po on developments on bus stops alone is 4 billion. So given the 110 billion
byahenihan package, isn't that enough po ba to cover the expenses when it comes to building
road based public transportation structure specifically bus stops?
BA: Can I ask san galing yung information?
Interviewer: This is from Alt mobility Philippines po.
BA: I have to apologize kasi with regards to the implementation part naman the bus stops,
usually the DOTr sector and mainly in charge there. Kami we are from the planning and
development division. I think the DOTr road sector is in a better position to answer that
regarding the subject.
Interviewer: Okay po, Sorry po, medyo nag choppy po tayo duon sa dulo, who would be a
better resource person to answer that question po?
BA: DOTr road sector po
Interviewer: Road sector?
BA: Yes
Interviewer: Okay po. Noted on that po. Siguro last question nalang po, given the commuters
complaints and struggles with their bus commute experience, how can the government and all
other transportation related agencies, how can they address these commuters concerns or this
struggles of commuters and how can this be managed?
BA: I think most of the possible solutions were to discuss na din kanina, medyo an go through
nadin natin sila. Well first is of course, spend more on infrastructure development, second is
yung development standards. Pati yung mga transport agencies we have to work with them. And
I think we have ongoing task forces naman interagencies task forces that include other attached
agencies under DOTr. For efforts such as this we are closely coordinating with them naman.
Third siyempre we have to improve our operations and all of these are part of the ongoing PUV
modernization program ng department. Also since yung question is about improvement of
experience which hopes to capture yung personal level experience, one method that I think
would be effective ay yung participatory approach. Meaning, consultative yung process from
policy making from project initiation stage up to implementation and monitoring. Kailangan may
involvement yung stakeholders concerned of the time. So I think that would be an effective way
of addressing yung personal level concerns. Moreover, dinadraft and finalize po yung
implementation rules and regulations ng BP 344 concerning transportation standards, yung
sinasabi na standards and guidelines po nung mga infrastructure facilities po natin. And after po
non mag coconduct din ng mga accessibility audits para ma audit po natin yung mga facilities na
kailangan ng retrofitting. So dun po tayo mag start para maestimate po kung ano pa yung mga
kailangan ma improve para maging standard po siya.
Interviewer: Okay noted on that po.
BA: Sir Endrei, just a suggestion lang, i mean kasi naexplain naman na yung ibang processes,
have you looked into the term a bus terminal that we call PITX?
Interviewer: Yes po actually Joaquin has done his research on that.
BA: So from there kasi some initiatives or points that were addressed duon narin naapply
makikita mo na magkakaroon din ng initiative coming from the government to address certain
issues tackled kung ano yung nakikita rin ng mga commuters. So yun yung clear example na
meron din inaaddress ang government.
Interviewer: Okay noted on that po. All right I think that would be all po for this interview
session. Again po, maraming maraming salamat po for sharing your time with us to conduct this
interview session and your insights po are of great aggression to further strengthen and proven
the problem that were trying to address in our research paper which is to make public
transportation more acceptable to all, more inclusive to all, and ultimately we wanted to make
their experiences better. Sabi nga po duon sa article na nabasa po naming article that “you can't
say that your public transportation infrastructure is well developed if kahit yung mga CEO ng
mga company natin would choose public transportation rather than riding their own cars”. So
yun lang po, just a quote that is worth sharing of. Again thank you po for sharing your time, and
sharing your insights. Definitely this would be of big help for our research as you are definitely
well informed in these areas so I think we can definitely use your answers and insights for our
paper. So thank you so much for giving us your time on a busy day. May question lang po kami
sino po yung pwede namin makausap when it comes to the DOTr sector?
BA: I think you can email nalang yung official email nila sa website.
Interviewer: Okay, all right. Noted on that po. All right that would be all po thank you po so
much. If ever may questions po kami we will just text engineer billy. Yun lang po.
APPENDIX 3. Metro Manila Rationalized Bus Transit Route Map
 Source: https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1104930

APPENDIX 4. Cochran’s (1977) Sample Size Formula

 z 2 ( p)(1− p) (1.96)2 (0.8)(1−0.8)
n= 2
= ¿¿
(e)

¿ 61.04 ≈ 60 17

n = number of sample size

p = proportion of population18
q=1-p
e = error (assumed to be 土 10%)

17For uniformity’s sake, 60 respondents are neededto be surveyed.

18According to Dela Peña (2022b), 80% of the Philippine population rely on public transportation.