Republic of the Philippines

State Universities and Colleges

GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE
Mc Lain, Buenavista, Guimaras

CHAPTE CONSERVATION OF RESOURCES

R 13

Objectives

1. Define the meaning of resource.

2. Identify the classifications of resource.
3. Distinguish the different forms of resource.
4. Enumerate the different methods in conservation of resources.

Activate
Direction: Choose the correct answer.
1. Is a main source of supply from which a benefit is produced and it has some utility?
a. Financial c. Technology
b. Resource d. Nature

2. A resource which can be used repeatedly and replaced naturally.

a. Renewable Resource c. Natural Resources
b. Non-renewable Resources d. Artificial Resources

3. Materials or substances such as minerals, forests, water, and fertile land that occur in
nature and can be used for economic gain.
a. Renewable Resource c. Natural Resources
b. Non-renewable Resources d. Artificial Resources

4. A resource of economic value that cannot be readily replaced by natural means on a

level equal to its consumption.
a. Renewable Resource c. Natural Resources
b. Non-renewable Resources d. Artificial Resources
 Republic of the Philippines
State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE
Mc Lain, Buenavista, Guimaras

Acquire

Resources are anything that has utility and adds value to your life. Air, water, food,
plants, animals, minerals, metals, and everything else that exists in nature and has
utility to mankind is a ‘Resource’. The value of each such resource depends on its utility
and other factors. For example, metals are gold, silver, copper or bronze have economic
value; i.e. they can be exchanged for money. However, mountains, rivers, sea or
forests are also resources but they do not have economic value.

There are two most important factors that can turn any substance into a resource- time
and technology. With the help of technology, innovation humans can transform a
natural or man-made substance into a resource. Like, minerals, fish or other marine
creatures sourced from the sea can be used for our food and medicines. Similarly, time
also adds to the value of a resource. For example, fossil deposits of organisms over
hundreds of years can turn into fossil fuels.

CLASSIFICATION OF RESOURCE

On the Basis of Origin: Biotic & Abiotic

Any life form that lives within nature is a Biotic Resource, like humans, animals, plants,
etc. In contrast, an abiotic resource is that which is available in nature but has no life;
like metals, rocks, and stones. Both biotic and abiotic resources can be renewable or
non-renewable.

On the Basis of Ownership:

Individual Resources: These are owned privately by individuals. Many farmers own

land which is allotted to them by government against the payment of revenue. Urban
people own houses, plots and other property. So plantation, pasture land, ponds, etc.
are some of the examples of resource ownership by individuals.

Community-owned Resources: These are resources which are accessible to all the

members of the community. For example, grazing grounds, burial grounds, village
ponds, etc. and public parks, picnic spots, playground, etc. are accessible to all people.
Thus they are community- owned resources.
 Republic of the Philippines
State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE
Mc Lain, Buenavista, Guimaras

National Resources: All the resources within the nation are called national resources.
All the minerals, water resources, forests, wildlife, land within the political boundaries
and oceanic area upto 12 nautical miles from the coast and resources within the nation,
belong to the nation.

International Resources: There are international institutions which regulate some

resources. The oceanic resources beyond 200 kms of the Exclusive Economic Zone
belong to open ocean and no individual country can utilise these without the permission
of international institutions.

On the Basis of Exhaustibility:

Renewable & Non-renewable

Any life form that lives within nature is a Biotic Resource, like humans, animals, plants,
etc. In contrast, an abiotic resource is that which is available in nature but has no life;
like metals, rocks, and stones. Both biotic and abiotic resources can be renewable or
non-renewable.

Potential, Developed, and Stock Resources

Natural elements which are already easily available but humans are yet to discover their
real power are Potential resources. For example, solar and wind energy are two natural
resources, which have a high potential for human life. Though we are using it, we can
use these even more in the future once we understand their true potential.
In contrast, a developed resource is that which humans have discovered and developed
over a long time. Most of the water, fossil fuel, minerals, plants and animals that we
use for our need today, are developed resources.

There are some resources present in nature, which have enough potential, but we do
not have adequate knowledge or technology to develop it. As a result, these remain in
nature as stock resources. For example, Hydrogen and Oxygen gases can be used as
rich sources of energy but we still do not know how.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NATURE, TECHNOLOGY AND INSTITUTION

RESOURCE PLANNING

It is a complex process which involves:

Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country.
 Republic of the Philippines
State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE
Mc Lain, Buenavista, Guimaras

Evolving a planning structure endowed with technology, skill and institutional set up.
Matching the resource development plans with overall national development plans.

LAND RESOURCES

Land is a natural resource of utmost importance.

It supports:
1. Natural Vegetation
2. Wild Life
3. Human Life
4. Economic Activities
5. Transport and Communication Systems

Therefore, it is important to use the available land for various purposes with careful
planning.

LAND DEGRADATION

Land degradation means:

 Loss of natural fertility of soil because of loss of soil nutrients.
 Less vegetation cover
 Changes in the characteristics of the soil.
 Pollution of water resources from the contamination of soil through which water
seeps into the ground.

SOIL AS A RESOURCE

Soil is the most important renewable natural resource.

The soil is a living system.
It is the medium of plant growth and supports different types of living organisms.
It takes millions of years to form soil up to a few centimeters in depth.

METHOD OF SOIL CONSERVATION

 Republic of the Philippines
State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE
Mc Lain, Buenavista, Guimaras

Contour Plowing – Plowing along the contour lines can decelerate the flow of water
down the slopes.
Strip Cropping – Large fields can be divided into strips. Strips of grasses are left to grow
between the crops. This breaks up the force of the wind.
Shelterbelts – Planting trees in rows have contributed significantly to the stabilization of
sand dunes and the desert in western India.

THE UNITED NATIONS AGENDA 21

It is the declaration signed by the world leaders in 1992 at the United Nations
Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) which took place in Rio de
Janiero, Brazil.
It aims at achieving global sustainable development.
It is an agenda to combat environmental damage, poverty, diseases through global
cooperation on common interests, mutual needs, and shared responsibilities.

Assessment

1. Anything that has utility and adds value to your life.

a. Nature c. Resource
b. Machines d. Monetary

2. Any life form that lives within nature like humans, animals, plants, etc. are.
a. Renewable Resource c. Abiotic Resource
b. Biotic Resource d. Artificial Resources

3. Resource is that which are available in nature but has no life; like metals, rocks, and
stones.
a. Renewable Resource c. Abiotic Resource
b. Biotic Resource d. Artificial Resources

4. These resources are owned privately by individuals.

a. International Resources c. Community-owned Resources
 Republic of the Philippines
State Universities and Colleges
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE
Mc Lain, Buenavista, Guimaras

b. National Resources d. Individual Resources

5. These are resources which are accessible to all the members of the community.
a. International Resources c. Community-owned Resources
b. National Resources d. Individual Resources

10-20. Essay
1. Cite examples on how the Philippines support the Conservation of resources.
2. Why is it necessary to conserve resources?
3. How can you contribute in the conservation of resources?