PE 104

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
TOWARDS HEALTH AND
FITNESS

LESSON 1 (MIDTERM LESSON)

HISTORY AND TERMINOLOGIES IN ARNIS
INTRODUCTION
Arnis is a martial art was spawned in Philippine soil. It was known in the
ancient Philippines as kali, an ancient Malayan word which implies a large bladed
weapon longer than a knife. This art was practiced primarily for the self-defense
by the pre-Spanish Filipinos who were noted for their friendly nature and
legendary hospitality.Kali must have derived from tjakelele which is native
fencing in Indonesia. The linguistic kinship is not without basis considering that
what is now Indonesia was once in ancient times, a part of the Sri Vishyan(Islam)
and Madjapajit(Hindu) empires whose spheres of influence reached the
Philippines.

Arnis, also known as Kali or Eskrima/Escrima, is the national martial art of

the Philippines. The three are roughly interchangeable umbrella terms for the
traditional martial arts of the Philippines ("Filipino Martial Arts", or FMA), which
emphasize weapon-based fighting with sticks, knives, bladed weapons, and
various improvised weapons, as well as "open hand" techniques without weapons.
There have been campaigns for arnis to be nominated in the UNESCO Intangible
Cultural Heritage Lists, along with other Philippine martial arts. As of
2018, UNESCO has inscribed nine martial-arts–related intangible heritages.

LEARNING OUTCOMES
Discuss the history of Arnis.
Identify the different terminologies used in ARNIS.

Let’s THINK about It!

Direction: Give the acronym of ARNIS. You can answer a word, phrase or
sentences. Your answers must be related to the arnis. Write your answers on the space
provided.

A-
R-
N-
I-
S- _______________________
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Direction: Answer the following questions brief and concise. 5 points each. Put your
answers on the space provided.

1. Why do you think you need to study first the History of Arnis before performing the
different stance?

Answer:_____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.

Let’s Talk About It

The following tables contain some of the words and phrases that are traditionally used in
Filipino Martial Arts training. They are based on Tagalog, the primary Indonesian
language of the Philippines. You'll notice the Spanish influence in some of these terms,
not surprising since the Philippines was once a Spanish possession.

Filipino English
Abanico lit. “fan,” lateral (side to side) motions performed with a straightened
arm as a blocking maneuver,
Anyo or form A combination of pre-arrange or choreographed, striking, blocking,
coordinating the arm and leg movements, timing, and sayaw body
shifting movements, which is equivalent to the form or dance of other
martial arts

Arko Series of circular strikes, also referred as sirkulo

Arnis Lit. “harnass,” terms used in the Northern Phillipines for FMA,
synonymous with the middle- Phiilipines term, “escrima,” or the
southern term, “kali”
Banda y Banda Back & Forth. side to side slashes or strikes.
Baston Stick or baton used in FMA
Bolo A type of machete (usually with a leaf shaped blade) used throughout
the Phillipines.
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Cardena Lit. “chaining,” linking one technique with another in rapid succession.
Corto Kurbada Close range sparring applying kurbada strikes & counter attacks
Crossada “Crossing”; maneuver used to block an incoming attack by forming an
X- pattern with ones baton, arms, or bladed weapon.
Daga Knife or dagger Doble – “double;” two strikes delivered in rapid
Succession
Doce Pares Twelve Pairs
Dos-ekis 2 reverse butterflies
Dulo- Dulo Palm stick (dulo), spoken twice to indicate style of fighting with said
Weapon
Dumog “Grappling,” either in a clinch or on the ground. Escrima – (alt. eskrima)
– synonymous with arnis (above).
Ekis X- strikes
Eskrido The term Eskrido has been derived from three martial arts: Eskrima,
JiuJitsu and Judo. The most common self-defense techniques can be
used in Eskrido such as: stances, hand & arm holds, leg locks, foot
sweep, leg reaping, arm, shoulder & hip throws, disarms, hand strikes,
arm strikes, elbow strikes, finger thrust, palm heel strikes, wrist twist,
pushing & pulling methods (for balance breaking), finger grips, olisi
hooks, olisi thrust, butt strikes, punches and takedowns. (reference:
Eskrido book, 2004)
Espada y Daga Sword (espada) and dagger (daga) used together. Sometimes also
connotes the use of baton and knife in tandem.
Flywheel Series of backhand arkos
Garrote Another name for olisi
Kali An ancient Malayan word, which refers to a long-bladed weapon. It is
derived from the word tjakalele which is an Indonesian traditional form
of fencing.
Kuntaw (alt. (Chinese) “fist way,” a system of Kung- Fu adopted by Filipinos and
Kuntao) shared in common with Indonesia
Kurbada Curving strikes such as pronating or supinating strikes
Labai Cross arm throw
Langka “Footwork”
Larga Muton/ To a free form of arnis sparring which is supposed to show and test the
labanang skills of the artist practitioners
totohanan
Largo Long distance
Mano y Mano “Hand to hand” combat
Medio Medium range
Olisi Baston, Cebuano term for stick
Olisi y baraw Is another term for espada y daga or punta y daga
Pangagaw Referring to disarming techniques
Pangamot Is a complete bare-handed defense system. The Cebuano term which
was derived from the word “kamot”, meaning hand. “Pangamot” calls
for the full coordinated & rhythmic movements of the defender’s hands,
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arms, body, shoulders, leg and feet mainly to bring about the
opponent’s
defeat through disarms as well as throws. (reference: Pangamot, the
Bare-Handed Defense System)
Pangandam On guard or ready. Handa in Tagalog.
Panukad Stance. Tayo in Tagalog.
Plancha Back & forward horizontal strikes to midsection
Puk-pok or Applying butt strikes
punyo
Punyo “Pommel” of a sword, knife, or baton.
Redonda Continuous drill employing two batons continuously.
Redondo A circular power- strike.
Rompida An upward and downward slash or strike delivered in an x pattern.
Salamat. A greeting derived from the Muslim “salaam” (or peace) and connoting
Gratitude
Sangga at A pre-arranged or choreographed form of play consisting of striking,
Patama thrusting and parrying
Saludo Salutation
Serrada Close quarters combat executed at corto (close) range. Also a style of
escrima, popularized in the U.S. by Angel Cabales.
Sikaran Generally “sticking with the legs.
Sinawali An intricate technique of striking using two sticks wherein the
movement resembles the women pattern of the sawali or split –
bamboo matings
Sinulog Form or dance, traditionally dedicated to the Infant Jesus.
Sirkulo Series of curving strikes such as witik, abanico, media, arko, bartikal
redouble etc.
Sungkiti Hooking thrust.
Sinawali Lit. “to weave,” connoting the continuous weaving motion that one uses
with two batons, knives, or hands to couple simultaneous strikes and
blocks. Also, like redonda or hubud- lubud, a drill pattern.
Sumbrada An upward, oblique “umbrella” block.
Tapi Parry; deflect
Tapi-tapi-on Series of parries and blocks.
Tigbas powerful horizontal strike to body or head, apply forehand or backhand
Tunga-tunga Medium range. Medio in other systems
Tuyok Spinning movement.
Witik Short curving snap strike from the wrist that creates a whip-like motion
Up and Down Or vertical movement which is similar to the rompida except that the
stick is not encircled overhead prior to each up and down movement in
front of the body
Yukbo Salutation. Saludo in other systems
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ASSESSEMENT

Direction: Analyze the concept stated. Write on the blank the term being referred to.
_______________1. A striking technique which consist of circling the stick overhead
prior to each up and down striking movement in front of the body.
_______________2. Derived from the Spanish word “Arnes”, with the English equivalent
by medieval soldiers.
_______________3. It is a form of fighting wherein long and short sticks are used.
_______________4. It is a combination of pre-arranged or choreographed striking, of
harness, and refers to the colourful appendages and trappings
worn blocking and body shifting movements.
_______________5. A greeting derived from the Muslim “salaam” (or peace) and
connoting Gratitude
_______________6. Form or dance, traditionally dedicated to the Infant Jesus.
_______________7. An intricate technique of striking using two sticks wherein the
movement resembles the women pattern of the sawali or split –
bamboo matings.
_______________8. A pre-arranged or choreographed form of play consisting of
striking, thrusting and parrying.
_______________9. Is another term for espada y daga or punta y daga
_______________10.Is a complete bare-handed defense system. The Cebuano term
which was derived from the word “kamot”, meaning hand.

Let’s Reflect It!

SELF REFLECTION

Direction: Answer the following questions meaningfully.

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1. What do you think is the application of Arnis to your life?

Answer:__________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.

2. What do you think is the contribution of Arnis to your physical aspect?

Answer:__________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.

LESSON 2
FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT OF ARNIS

INTRODUCTION
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Sports equipment is also called sporting goods, the tools, materials, apparel, and
gear used to compete in a sport and varies depending on the sport. The equipment
ranges from balls, nets, and protective gear like helmets. Sporting equipment can be
used as protective gear or as tool used to help the athletes play the sport. Over time,
sporting equipment has evolved because sports have started to require more protective
gear to prevent injuries. Sports facility is the area where a sporting event will be held
(Wikipedia).
It is important to have good quality of facilities and equipment for the safety of the
athletes, and to prevent and lessen the impact of sports-related injuries.

LEARNING OUTCOMES
Distinguish the facilities and equipment of Arnis.
Provide an area and safety checklist in the facilities and
equipment of Arnis.
Give value to the facilities and equipment of Arnis

Activity 1
Direction: Write the acronym of ARNIS. Your answers must describe the elements of the
word ARNIS. Write your answers in the space provided.

A __________________________________________________________

R __________________________________________________________

N __________________________________________________________

I ___________________________________________________________

S __________________________________________________________

Activity 2
Direction: Answer the following questions. Write your answers on the space provided.
1. What is the importance of sports facilities and equipment?
Answer: _________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.
2. What are the factor that you should consider in choosing facilities and equipment
in arnis?
Answer: _________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.

Let’s Talk About It

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT OF ARNIS

FACILITIES

Shall refer to the area by which the conduct of the competition shall be set or held
including the free zone around it.
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https://bit.ly/3p2gaJu
 Dimensions
The playing area is a square measuring 8.0 meters by 8.0 meters with a two (2) meters
minimum free zone around it, and a clear space without any obstruction up to a height of
not less than 5 meters from the playing surface.

 Lines of the Playing Area

All lines of the playing surface are 5.08 cm. (2 inches) and must be of different color from
that of the floor and other lines previously drawn for other purposes.

 Boundary Lines
Four lines mark the boundary of the playing area. The free zone distance measuring 2.0
meters are drawn outside of the playing area.

 Match Lines
Two lines of 1.0 meter long and 2.0 meters apart mark the horizontal match line. The
horizontal match lines are drawn 3 meters from the boundary lines that run
perpendicularly to the official's table, and 3.5 meters from the boundary line that run
parallel to the official's table.

EQUIPMENT
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https://bit.ly/3bYrWkA https://bit.ly/2Np5VBa

 Wooden Stick- The wooden stick shall measure not less than 60 cm and not more than
90 cm in length with a diameter of not less than 1.3 cm and not more than 3.8 cm. It
must not have sharp edges or pointed ends.

https://bit.ly/3p5DohM

 Wooden Replica of a Bladed Weapon- Also known as “Espada y Daga”. The wooden

replica shall measure not less than 60 cm and not more than 90 cm in full length and
should be Ethnic Asian in origin. It must not have sharp edges or pointed ends.

https://bit.ly/3qEcxd7 https://bit.ly/3ivoYoI

 Foam- cushion material- should be foaming the padded sticks and shall have a
maximum grip diameter not greater than 3.81 cm.
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https://bit.ly/392OxKX

 Head Protector- refers to a pair of protective head gear to include an impact-worthy

face mask.

https://bit.ly/2LONxRC

 Body Protector - Refers to a pair of protective body protector, properly cushioned,

the specifications of which shall be in accordance with the i-ARNIS standard. Male
and female player must both wear body protector and groin protector. Both body
protectors and groin protectors shall be color coded to match the color of the player.

https://bit.ly/392JPg7
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 Forearm and shin guards – These are compulsory. Both shin & forearms guards
must be color coded to match the color of the player.

Assessment
Direction: Draw the facilities and equipment of Arnis with label. Insert a short-sized bond
paper or in any form and send your work via Facebook/messenger..