Tilak Education Society’s

Tilak Jr College of Science and

Commerce Seawoods, Navi Mumbai

www.tilakedu.com

Topic:- 1. Basics of Information

Technology

Teacher Name:- Mrs. Komal Santosh

 It refers to how a computer system is
designed and how it works.
o Basic Components
1) InputUnit
2) Central processing unit
3) Output unit
 It helps users to enter data and
commands into a computer system.
 The main function of input devices is to
direct commands and data into
computer.
 E.g. Keyboard, Barcode reader,
Magnetic Ink character reader, Optical
character reader, etc.
 After receiving data and commands
from users, a computer system has to
process it according to the
instructions provided . It uses 3
elements.
a. ALU b. CU c. MU
 It performs arithmetic operations.
 Such as calculations like addition,
subtraction, division, multiplication,
etc.
 It can also perform logical functions.
 It is responsible for coordinating
tasks between the components.
 It is basically used to collects data
from input units and sends it to
processing units depending on its
nature.
 The computer system stores all form
of data in its memory unit.
 It also uses a set of pre-programmed
instructions to transmit data into the
CPU.
1) Primary memory
 It is a internal memory and also
known as main memory.
 Types of Primary memory:
a) RAM
b) ROM
 It stands for Random Access Memory.
 It is known as Read/Write memory.
 The information stored in this
memory is lost as the power supply to
the computer is switched off.
 It is also called as “Volatile Memory”.
 It stands for Read Only Memory.
 The content is not lost when power
supply is switched off.
 It is also called as “Non-Volatile
Memory”.
 It is external memory.
 It stores huge amount of different
programs and information.
 The Secondary storage devices are:
a. Magnetic (Hard) Disk
b. Magnetic Tapes
c. Pen Drive
d. Optical Disk(CD, DVD)
 After processing of data, it is converted
into a format which human can
understand.
 It basically reproduce the data
formatted by the computer for user’s
benefit.
 E.g. Monitors, Speakers, Printers, etc.