Good morning, ladies and gentlemen.

My name is Nhung and

Trường và Phi are my partner
Today I am here to present to you about “SODIUM
HYDROXIDE- produce process”.
My presentation is divided into 3 parts. Firstly, Secondly… and
finally.
if you have any questions for us you can ask your question
after the presentation
Caustic soda is an alkali salt which is also called Lye. It is the common
name of sodium hydroxide. it is made from a highly caustic base
and alkali that decomposes proteins at ordinary ambient temperatures
and should cause severe (səˈvir )chemical burns. It’s highly soluble
(sälyəb(ə)l ) in water, and readily absorbs(əbˈzôrb) moisture(ˈmoisCHər; độ ẩm)
and CO2 from the air.
Physical Properties
Physically unblended NaOH is a colourless crystalline solid. It’s melting
point of 318 °C (three hundred dreegee cellcius) (604 °F), and a boiling
point of 1,388 °C (2,530 °F). It’s highly soluble in water, with a lower
solubility(sälyəˈbilədē) in polar solvents like ethanol and methanol. NaOH
does not dissolve in ether or other non-polar solvents. It feels slippery with
skin contact caused by the method of saponification that happens between
NaOH and natural skin oils.( Cảm giác trơn trượt khi tiếp xúc với da do
phương pháp xà phòng hóa xảy ra giữa NaOH và dầu da tự nhiên.)

Crystal structure
NaOH and its monohydrate form orthorhombic crystals with the space
groups Cmcm (oS8) and Pbca (oP24), respectively. The monohydrate cell
dimensions are a = 1.1825, b = 0.6213, c = 0.6069 nm.

Take a look at this video

The atoms are arranged in a hydrargillite-like layer structure, with each
sodium atom surrounded by six oxygen atoms, three each from hydroxide
ions and three from water molecules. The hydrogen atoms of the
hydroxyls form strong bonds with oxygen atoms within each O layer.
Adjacent (əˈjās(ə)nt )

O layers are held together by hydrogen bonds between water molecules.

[21]

(Các nguyên tử được sắp xếp theo cấu trúc lớp giống hydrargillite, với
mỗi nguyên tử natri được bao quanh bởi sáu nguyên tử oxy, ba nguyên tử
từ ion hydroxit và ba nguyên tử từ phân tử nước. Các nguyên tử hydro của
các hydroxyl tạo liên kết bền chặt với các nguyên tử oxy trong mỗi lớp O.
Các lớp O liền kề được giữ với nhau bằng liên kết hydro giữa các phân tử
nước. [21])

Tính chất hóa học

Reaction with acids

Reaction with acidic oxides

Reaction with metals and oxides

Precipitant (prēˈsipədənt)

Saponification(xà phòng hóa)

Now we’ll move on to

APPLICATIONS

Millions of tons of NaOH are manufactured annually for its worldwide

use across industries. Sodium hydroxide is used in the production of
textiles(ˈtekˌstīl), rayon, cellophane, soaps, detergents, sodium salts, and
for its uses in bauxite ore refining to aluminum, pH regulation, chemical
synthesis reactions, electroplating, and etching. It is also used in
cleaning, sanitization, and grease removal. In the food industry, NaOH is
reportedly utilized to chemically wash and peel certain vegetables and
fruits. Drain cleaners, oven cleaners, heavy-duty degreasers, and bleach
are some common household products that will contain sodium
hydroxide. In specific chemical reactions, sodium hydroxide is used to
react with toxic oxides that are produced in the burning of coal from
power plants. These oxides are carbon dioxide, CO2, sulfur dioxide,
SO2, and dihydrogen sulfide, H2S.

From this, we can see

INDUSTRIES AND APPLICATIONS


Chemical
 Sodium chloride
 Energy Sector
  Fuel cell production
 Food
 Cure food
 Remove skin from foods for canning
 Household
 Bleach
 Drain cleaner
 Oven cleaner
 Soaps
 Detergent
 Manufacturing
 Paper making
 Paper recycling
 Aluminum Ore Processing
 Oxide coating
 Processing cotton fabric
 Metal Processing
 Pickling
 Pharmaceuticals and Medicine
 Pain relievers
 Anticoagulants to prevent blood clots
 Cholesterol Reducing medications
 Sanitation
 Water treatment
That brings us to the end of my presentation