Procedure :

1.perform the pcb fabrication process using the design obtained from experiment 9. as shown in figure
1.

Figure 1

2.copper plate has been cleaned using sandpaper and laminated with dry resist film onto PCB
copper surface.
3.the PCB layout has been transferred onto PCB using the uv exposure for 15 seconds. as shown
in figure 2.
 Figure 2
4.the developer process has been carried out to remove all unexposed film on the copper plate.
5.the PCB then undergo etching process to wash warm ferric chloride on the copper plate.
6.then, PCB undergo stripping process to remove exposed film. as shown in figure 3.
 Figure 3

7.cut the PCB neatly to using cutting board. as shown in figure 4.

 Figure 4

8.the PCB must be drilled to make holes and ease the process during assembly.
10.during the assembly process, we need to solder using the lead to make sure the current flow.
11.all the component has been assemble. as shown in figure 5.
 Figure 5

12.the pcb circuit has been checked by the instructor and no problem found.
List of component used :
1. Piezo buzzer
2. Resistor (2.2K,1M,10K)
3. IC 555 timer
4. LDR
5. PCB
6. Battery 9V
7. Capacitor 1nF
8. Polarized capacitor 10uF
Discussion
The testing and troubleshooting of this mini project was light that been used in UV room was
yellow light instead of white light. It is because most of the photoresist are more sensitive
towards high frequency light than yellow light. After that, while we conduct the UV exposure,
the machine must be heated first so that it will not effect the transfer of artwork onto the PCB
copper surface. Next, during the soldering component to the PCB, it must be solder with pyramid
shape so that the flow of the current can flow easily. One of the wrong solder is round shape lead
on top of PCB and the component.
There are many ways to improve this mini project to be used as an daily routine. Firstly, use
solar instead of dry cell which is battery. It is because dry cell lead to earth pollution because its
contain lithium ion and also non renewable energy. Other than that its also has duration when its
runs out. On the other hand, solar is renewable energy and also can charge during the daytime.
Secondly, this mini project can also apply at automatic switch on light when it getting dark. For
example, streetlight switch on during nighttime and switch off during daytime because of its
LDR. Thirdly, this mini project can be used as security system. It can be used as automatic gate
and automatic alarm when it sense movement in the house area. Lastly, this mini project can ease
human to do daily routine such as turning on all electric appliances when the presence of human
and turning it off when there is none of human activity.

Conclusion
To conclude, this mini project improve the efficiency of energy used in our daily life and also
reduce our utility cost. The light and dark detector resistor given has been tested and used
successfully. The resistor can detect which is day or night to give the correct output. After all, it
can save a lot of energy consumption compare to manual switch that need to do it manually.
During we conduct this mini project, it taught us the basic concept of simulation and circuit
design using proteus design suite software. Other than that, we also learned the process of PCB
fabrication and know the proper tools of PCB making. We agreed that this project can be very
helpful during our industries studies and may benefits in our daily life.