“制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

俄供设备监造经验分享
1. Roles and responsibilities of the owner in overseeing manufacturing
各位 NPPA 和 ENRRA 的同行和专家们，很高兴能有这个机会进行俄供设备的监造经验交流，在这里
要感谢 IAEA 和中国核建的领导和专家组织了本次研讨会。

I am very glad to have this opportunity to sharing experience with NPPA and ENRRA experts in the field of
overseeing manufacturing of Russian-supplied equipment, and also thank the leaders of IAEA and
International Construction on Nuclear Power Plant for organizing this workshop.

同时我还要感谢一下与我合作过的俄罗斯同行，我对俄罗斯在核电领域取得的成就表达深深的敬
意，俄方为江苏核电有限公司提供了高质量的核电设备，双方形成了融洽的合作关系，也祝愿 NPPA
和 EMRRA 的专家与俄罗斯的合作成功。

At the same time, I would also like to thank my Russian counterparts who have cooperated with me. I express
my deep respect for Russia’s achievements in the field of nuclear power. Russia has provided JNPC with high-
quality nuclear power equipment, and the two parties have formed a harmonious cooperative relationship. I
wish the experts of NPPA and EMRRA a successful cooperation with Russia.

我先介绍下我的工作经历。我叫吴庆，1990 年参加工作，职业初期是 10 年的压力容器设计经历，

2001 年就职于江苏核电有限公司，田湾 1&2 机组从事核岛安装管理，田湾 3、4 号机组主持俄供主设备
监造，目前长期驻俄执行田湾 7&8 和徐大堡 3&4 的俄供设备监造，精通俄罗斯设备制造工艺和标准，
对俄罗斯主设备材料、热处理工艺、焊接等领域有较深入研究。

First let me introduce my work experience. My name is Wu Qing. I started work from 1990. At the first 10
years I engaged in pressure vessel design in the field of chemical industry. At the second ten years I joined in
Jiangsu nuclear power corporation and responsible for installation management of Tianwan units 1&2 , At
the third ten years, i was in charge of russian supplied main equipment manufacturing overseeing of Tianwan
units 3&4, currently implement the Russian-supplied equipment manufacturing overseeing of Tianwan unit
7&8 and Xudabao unit 3&4.

1. 监造承担的工作和职责 The responsibilities of the overseeing manufacturing

1.1 田湾厂址规模

我工作的单位是江苏核电有限公司，厂址规模为 8 台机组，是全球在运和在建总装机容量最大的
核电基地。当前田湾 1—6 号机组在运，7—8 号机组在建。田湾核电站一期工程（1、2 号机组）是中
俄核能合作标志性工程，采用俄罗斯 VVER-1000（AES-91）改进型核电机组，单机容量 106 万千瓦。
项目于 1999 年 10 月 20 日开工建设，1、2 号机组分别于 2007 年 5 月 17 日和 8 月 16 日投入商业运行。
二期工程（3、4 号机组）是中俄深化能源领域合作重点项目，采用俄罗斯 VVER-1000（AES-91）改进
型核电机组，单机容量 112.6 万千瓦。项目于 2012 年 12 月 27 日开工建设，3、4 号机组分别于 2018
 “制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

年 2 月 15 日和 12 月 22 日投入商业运行，项目提前计划全面投产。三期工程采用 M310 改进型机组，单

机容量 111.8 万千瓦，于 2015 年 12 月 27 日开工建设，5 号机组于 2020 年 9 月 8 日投入商业运行，6
号机组于 2021 年 6 月 2 日提前计划 151 天投入商业运行。四期工程（7、8 号机组）是中俄两国核能领
域迄今为止最大战略合作项目，采用俄罗斯 VVER-1200（AES-2006）三代核电机组，单机容量 126.5
万千瓦，项目于 2021 年 5 月 19 日开工建设，计划 2026 年和 2027 年投入商运。

Jiangsu Nuclear Power Co., Ltd.(JNPC) sites in Tianwan, with a scale of 8 units, which is the largest nuclear
power base in the world with the largest total installed capacity in operation and under construction.
Currently Tianwan Units 1-6 are in operation and Units 7-8 are under construction. Tianwan units 1&2 is a
landmark project for Sino-Russian nuclear energy cooperation. The project started construction on October
20, 1999, and were put into commercial operation on May 17 and August 16, 2007, respectively. Tianwan
units 3&4 is a key project for deepening cooperation in the energy field between China and Russia. It adopts
the Russian VVER-1000 (AES-91) improved nuclear power unit with a single unit capacity of 1.126 million
kilowatts. The project started construction on December 27, 2012, and put into commercial operation on
February 15 and December 22, 2018, respectively. The project was fully put into operation as planned in
advance. Tianwan units 5&6 adopts the M310 improved unit with a single unit capacity of 1.118 million
kilowatts. The construction started on December 27, 2015. They was put into commercial operation on
September 8, 2020 and June 2, 2021 respectively. It is planned to be put into commercial operation in 151
days both all ahead of schedule. Tianwan units 7&8 is the largest strategic cooperation project between
China and Russia in the field of nuclear energy so far. It adopts the third-generation nuclear power unit of
Russia's VVER-1200 (AES-2006) with a single unit capacity of 1.265 million kilowatts. The project will be
launched in May 2021. Construction started on the 19th and is planned to be put into commercial operation
in 2026 and 2027.

1.2 国内监造模式对比 Comparison of domestic manufacturing overseeing mode

国内核电项目设备监造模式主要有两种，一种是委托监造模式，即营运单位委托工程公司执行监
造任务，优点是工程公司有成熟监造管理体系和专业化监造人员储备，熟悉设计和制造标准，适用于
成熟机型和群堆化管理，缺点工程公司监造的职责主要对制造质量负责，基本不承担供货进度管理职
责，导致设备经常性拖期，无法保证供货进度，需要业主单独配置设备采购管理人员负责进度和协调。
第二种是营运单位自主监造模式，缺点是没有成熟的监造体系和人才储备，优点是能对设备制造质量
和进度能进行有效控制，并且可以为机组后续的运行培养维修和技术支持人才,适用于新建首堆机组。

There are two main modes of overseeing manufacturing for domestic nuclear power projects. The first is the
owner entrusts the engineering company to perform the overseeing task. The advantage is the engineering
company has a mature overseeing management system and a reserve of professional overseeing personnel,
familiar with design and manufacturing standards. The disadvantage is the most engineering company is not
responsible for manufacturing schedule of the equipment. The owner is required to deploy the equipment
 “制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

purchasing management personnel separately to be responsible for the progress and coordination, Entrust
overseeing mode suitable for mature models and group construction management.

The second is the owner independent overseeing mode. The disadvantage is there is no mature supervision
system and sufficient personnel, and professional skills are insufficient. The advantage is this mode can
effectively control the quality and progress of equipment manufacturing, and can train maintenance and
technical support personnel for the subsequent operation to the unit. This mode suits for the new type newly
constructed units.

1.3 田湾采取的监造模式 Manufacturing overseeing mode adopted by previous projects

TNPS1&2 通过聘用国内设计院设备设计专家带领业主方年轻人的方式组建监造队，开展以质量计
划见证点见证为主的监造工作。通过一期工程熟悉了俄罗斯制造标准和设备结构，并培养了一批熟悉
监造业务的年轻人，但也暴露出设计供货延期、到货质量问题较多、制造质量问题难以追溯等问题。
田湾 3、4 号机组以参加过一期监造的人员带领外聘的制造厂专业人员成立监造队，吸取了田湾 1&2 机
组制造和运行期间的设备问题经验反馈，在设备制造质量和供货进度取得较好效果，但是人员缺乏和
专业能力不足的情况一直未能缓解，后期人员流失导致问题追溯困难仍未得到很好解决；田湾 5&6 机
组采取了委托监造的模式；

TNPS units 1&2 set up a manufacturing overseeing team by hiring equipment design experts from domestic
design institutes and appoint the owner's employees as assistants to carry out the supervision work based on
the witness of the quality plan. Through this project, we became familiar with Russian manufacturing
standards and equipment structure. It has also cultivated a group of owners who are familiar with the
manufacturing overseeing, but also exposed problems such as delay in equipment supply, many quality
problems after equipment arriving, and difficulty in tracing manufacturing quality problems. The
manufacturing overseeing team of TNPS units 3&4 was composed of the personnel who participated in the
overseeing of Tianwan units 1&2 and the external employee of the manufacturing plant. They have absorbed
the experience and feedback of equipment problems during the manufacturing and operation of Tianwan
units 1&2, and have been achieved good results in equipment manufacturing quality and supply schedule,
but the lack of professional ability has not been relieved, and the difficulty in tracing problems caused by the
loss of personnel in the later period has not been well resolved; Tianwan 5&6 units have adopted the entrust
overseeing mode.

1.4 田湾 7&8 机组监造模式 manufacturing overseeing mode of Tianwan units 7&8

新项目俄供设备监造面临的困难和挑战，主要体现在以下几个方面：
 监造范围为 4 台机组俄供设备，分别为田湾 7&8 和徐大堡 3&4，监造设备量翻倍；
 监造持续周期长，从 2019 至 2026 年；
 田湾 7&8 机组和徐大堡 3&4 机组机组间间隔 10 个月，项目间隔为 3 个月，供货存在严重重叠；
 国家核安全局监管要求趋严；
 “制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

 主设备制造厂调整，监造点分散；

我们在 4 台机组业主自主监造模式的基础上，吸取了许多监造经验，也总结出一套有效的监造方
法。田湾 7、8 号机组仍决定采用自主监造模式，重新组建了监造团队，加强了人员选择和培训，丰富
了质量监督方式、强化制造进度管理、将经验反馈应用于设计审查和制造改进上，明确了监造承担的
角色和职责。

The new project Russian-supplied equipment overseeing face difficulties and challenges, mainly in the
following aspects:

 The scope of Russia-supplied manufacturing overseeing is 4 units of 2 projects, namely Tianwan units
7&8 and Xudabao units 3&4, its manufacturing overseeing scope double;

 The overseeing duration is long, from 2019 to 2026;

 The interval between units is 10 months, the interval between projects is 3 months, and there is a
serious overlap in supply;

 NNSA regulatory requirements are more strict;

 The main equipment manufacturing plant adjusted, the overseeing sites scattered;

On the basis of the previous owner independent manufacturing overseeing mode, we have absorbed a lot of
manufacturing overseeing experience, and summed up a set of effective overseeing methods. Tianwan Units
7&8 still decided to adopt owner independent manufacturing overseeing mode, formed a new overseeing
team, strengthened personnel selection and training, enriched quality supervision methods, strengthened
manufacturing progress management, and applied experience feedback to design review and manufacturing
improvement, and clarified the roles and responsibilities of manufacturing overseeing.

1.5 总合同俄供设备供货范围 Russia-supplied equipment within the scope of general contract

田湾核电站 7、8 号机组主要为核岛核安全级别设备和管道，其余转为第三国供货和国产，其整体

供货数量略大余于田湾 3、4 号机组设备材料供货量，大部分属于民用核安全设备目录范围内设备。

number Equipment type items sets

1 Long lead manufacture equipment 56 877
2 storage vessel 50 910
3 Heat-exchanger 70 310
4 filter, separator 88 104
5 Special equipment and tools 104 412
6 Other mechanical equipment 79 613
7 valves 3675 5442
8 Materials 32 56
9 pipelines 4 267
10 Communication equipment, alarm 136 136
 “制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

equipment, main TV control equipment

11 Instrument equipment 2795 17982
total 7333 27109

Tianwan Units 7&8 are mainly nuclear island nuclear safety class equipment and pipelines, and the rest are
supplied by third countries and domestically produced. The overall supply quantity is slightly larger than that
of Tianwan Units 3&4 equipment and materials. , most of which belong to the equipment within the scope of
the Civilian Nuclear Safety Equipment Catalog.

1.6 监造实施周期 Duration of overseeing implementation

根据田湾 7&8 和徐大堡 3&4 机组工程一级进度计划，7、8 号机组之间间隔为 10 个月，3、4 号机

组之间间隔也为 10 个月，田湾项目和徐大堡项目之间间隔为 3 个月，主要设备供货和现场施工计划如
下：

According to the level-1 schedule of Tianwan 7&8 and Xudaba 3&4 units, the interval between units 7 and 8
is 10 months, and the interval between units 3 and 4 is also 10 months. The interval between projects is 3
months. The main equipment supply and on-site construction plans are as follows:

Supply/construction Tianwan Xudapu

milestone Unit 7 Unit 8 Unit 3 Unit 4
start production the 2019-07-20 —— —— ——
forgings of reactor
vessel
First concreting of 2021-05-08 2022-03-08 2021-8-08 2022-06-08
nuclear island
Core catcher arrives at 2021-10-08 2022-08-08 2022-03-08 2023-01-08
site
Reactor vessel arrives 2023-06-08 2023-09-08 2024-04-08 2024-7-08
at site
Welding of primary 2024-01-23 2024-11-23
circuit pipelines 2024-10-23 2025-08-23
Reactor internals arrive 2024-10-8 2025-08-08
at site 2025-07-08 2026-05-08
RCP removable part 2025-01-08 2025-11-08
arrives at site 2025-10-08 2026-08-08
Cold test of primary 2025-08-08 2026-06-08
circuit 2026-05-08 2027-03-08
Hot test of primary 2025-12-08 2026-10-08
circuit 2026-09-08 2027-07-08
First loading of reactor 2026-05-08 2027-03-08
core 2027-02-08 2027-12-08

2. 监造目标 Manufacturing overseeing purpose

 “制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

我们的监造目标是：“全力保证设备制造质量、切实保障制造进度”，要实现这一目标就需要加
强对制造厂的监督管理，这就需要完善的监造体系、经验丰富的监造团队作为支持。为此，我们组建
了驻欧设备采购监造队，实施监造任务。

Our manufacturing overseeing goal is: "To ensure the quality of equipment manufacturing and to ensure the
manufacturing schedule". To achieve this goal, we need to strengthen the supervision and management of
the manufacturing plant, which requires a complete manufacturing supervision system and an experienced
manufacturing supervision team as support. so, we have set up an Europen equipment procurement
supervision team to implement the supervision task.

为了实现全力保证设备制造质量，我们首先需要做好前期的监造技术准备和开工检查，通过文件
审查、质量计划见证、巡检、不符合项控制、专项监督等手段做好过程控制，在验收阶段做好实体和
文件的验收，设备到场后对问题跟踪处理，将经验反馈贯穿上述监造各个方面。

In order to ensure the quality of equipment manufacturing, we first need to complete the technical
preparation for supervision and start-up inspection, and do a good job in process control through document
review, quality plan witness, patrol, non-conformity control, special supervision and other means. Carry out
the acceptance inspection of equipment body and documents, trace and deal with problems after the
equipment arrives, and provide experience feedback throughout all aspects of the above-mentioned
manufacturing supervision.

EST 通过对 ASE 加强供货计划管理，和通过对制造厂加强进度管理，保证设备按计划制造并供货。

EST ensures that the equipment is manufactured and supplied as planned by strengthening the supply plan
management with ASE and by strengthening the schedule management of the manufacturing plant.

3.监造承担的职责和工作范围 Responsibilities and scope of overseeing work

监造工作内容可以划分为三个阶段，分别为监造前期准备、监造实施、后期现场服务。

Responsibilities and scope of overseeing work can be divided into three stages: Preparation for overseeing,
implementation overseeing, on-site service in the later stage of overseeing.

 监造前期准备：Preparation for overseeing

 编制与监造相关的合同条款，参加总合同谈判；Draft contract articles related to manufacturing

overseeing and participate in general contract negotiation

总合同是中方与 ASE 之间的合同，与制造厂没有直接合同关系，而我们的监造工作大多情况

下是直接面对制造厂，根据前期工程的经验，有必要增加涉及监造部分的条款，可以明确中俄双
方的责任和义务，避免在实施过程双方的分岐。

The general contract is a contract between JNPC and ASE, and there is no direct contractual relationship
 “制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

with the manufacturer, but most of our overseeing work is directly facing the manufacturer. According
to the experience of the previous project, it is necessary to add articles involving the manufacturing
overseeing, which can clarify the responsibilities and obligations of China and Russia, and avoid
differences between the two sides in the implementation of overseeing.

监造相关条款在总合同第 11 章质量控制，第 14 章设备与供货，以及附件 14 质量保证、附件

22 长周期设备里程碑支付节点中，涉及中俄双方在质量监督方面的责任和义务、接口、遵守的标
准、遵守的程序、工作文件、供货范围、安装材料和备品备件、分包要求、不符合项管理、交工
文件、过程检查、验收、到场检验、支付节点等方面条款，我们将在后续的分享中分享部分具体
条款。

The relevant articles of manufacturing overseeing are in Chapter 11 “Quality Control”, chapter 14
“Equipment and Supply”, and Annex 14 “Quality Assurance”, Annex 22 “LLME progressive payment
schedule during manufacturing”, involving the responsibilities and obligations of China and Russia in
quality supervision, interfaces, standards to be followed, procedures to be followed, working
documents, scope of supply, installation materials and spare parts, subcontracting requirements, non-
conformity management, delivery documents, process inspection, acceptance, on-site inspection,
payment milestone schedule. Some articles will be shared in subsequent workshop.

 审查技术设计合同,参加技术设计合同谈判；Review technical design contracts and participate

in technical design contract negotiations;

技术设计合同附件中列出了部分主要设备的技术要求、性能参数指标、制造要求等，需要对
该内容进行审查，并参加技术设计合同谈判。举例，我们在审查中提出将反应堆压力容器环焊缝
由 6 道改为 5 道的要求，在谈判中与设计院和 ASE 达成一致。

The technical requirements, performance parameters, manufacturing requirements, etc. of some major
equipment are described in the annex of the technical design contract. It is necessary to review the
content and participate in the technical design contract negotiation. For example, during the review, we
suggested that the circular weld of the reactor vessel should be changed from 6 to 5, and reached an
agreement with the design institute and ASE during the negotiation.

 参与审查设备技术规格书；Participate in reviewing equipment specifications

我们需要与设计管理人员共同审查俄供设备的技术要求和制造要求，并提出意见。

We need to review the technical requirements and manufacturing requirements of Russian-supplied

equipment together with design managers, and submit comments to Russian.(附图片 1)

 参与解答 NNSA 提出的 PSAR（Preliminary Safety Analysis Report）评审问题；

项目核准前，NNSA 组织审查田湾 7&8 机组 PSAR 文件，并提出意见，形成意见单。监造队负

 “制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

责答复涉及俄供设备制造要求等方面问题，对于一般性问题，由监造队直接答复，形成答复单，
经 NNSA 认可后关闭，需要俄方提供支持性材料的由俄方答复，监造队根据俄方的答复单编制正式
答复单，交核安全局审查认可，见附件 2。

NNSA organized to review the PSAR documents of Tianwan units 7&8 before the approval of the project,
and put forward comments to form an opinion card. We were responsible for answering questions
related to the manufacturing requirements of Russian-supplied equipment. For general questions, we
reply directly to form a reply card, which will be closed after approval by NNSA. If it needs to provide
supporting materials, the Russian side will reply, and we will prepare a formal reply sheet based on the
Russian reply, and submit it to NNSA for review and approval, see Annex 2.PPT 附件\附件 2：TW78-
PSAR-Q2-3.9.4-22 控制棒驱动机构鉴定 OK 吴庆修改版 （20210330）.doc

 开展监造组织工作 Carry out overseeing organization

开展监造策划，组建监造团队，编制管理程序和培训大纲、开展人员招聘，组织监造后勤保
障工作、进行人员培训等。

Carry out manufacturing overseeing planning, set up a manufacturing supervision team, formulate
management procedures and training outlines, carry out personnel recruitment, and organize
supervision and logistics support work, conduct personnel training etc.

 监造过程实施：Process implementation during overseeing:

 制造图纸及技术文件的审查、质量计划审查、以及质量计划选点；Review of manufacturing
drawings and technical documents, review of quality plan, and set up witness points in quality plan

重点审查设备详细设计图纸的技术条件、材料质量控制表、焊材质量控制表，保证材料、技
术要求、制造工艺和工序、检验和评价、性能试验等内容符合标准规定、与技术规格书、PSAR 描
述相一致。另外，还可以在该阶段将在调试和运行期间对设备做的经验反馈和设计改进反馈给制
造厂，体现在设备详细设计中。

Focus on reviewing the technical requirments , the material quality control table, and the welding
material quality control table of the detailed design drawings of the equipment, to ensure that the
materials, technical requirements, manufacturing processes and procedures, inspection and evaluation,
performance tests, etc. match the description of standard requirements, technical specifications, and
PSAR. In addition, the experience feedback and design improvements made on the equipment during
commissioning and operation can also be fed back to the manufacturer at this stage, which is reflected
in the detailed design of the equipment.

审查性能试验大纲中标准的符合性、试验项目的完整性，性能参数与技术规格书等文件的一
致性；审查维护保养、包装运输方案的合理性。
 “制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

Review the compliance of the performance test program with standards, the integrity of the test items,
the consistency of performance parameters and technical specifications and other documents; review
the rationality of maintenance, packaging and transportation program.

对于质量计划，重点审查制造工序和检验项目的完整性,以及各方见证点选择的合理性。
（例如对于主设备，制造期间有多次重复性的工艺性无损检测，为了保证质量，问题可追溯，要
求每次工艺性无损检测都要体现在质量计划中，无损检测报告都需附在交工文件中）（附件 3）

For the quality plan, focus on reviewing the integrity of the manufacturing process and inspection items,
as well as the rationality of the selection of witness points by all parties. (For example, for the main
equipment, there are many repetitive process non-destructive tests during the manufacturing period. In
order to ensure the quality and traceability of the problems, it is required that each process non-
destructive test should be recorded in the quality plan, and the non-destructive test report should be
attached in the delivery document)
表 3：3 号机组压力容器环焊缝无损检测统计 Table 3: NDT statistics of reactor vessel circular welds of Unit 3
Weld inspection Before final heat- After final heat
After welding After hydraulic test
number items treatment treatment
136A 227/A 258/A 2908
RT
2014.2.10 2014.4.25 2014.5.20 2014.9.7
81
1 UT － － －
2014.2.13
99 311 353 446
MT
2014.2.11 2014.4.30 2014.5.20 2014.9.6
83/A 227/A 258/A 2909
UT
2013.12. 27 2014.4.25 2014.5.20 2014.9.7
490
2 RT － － －
2014.1. 3
777 311 353 446
MT
2014.12.28 2014.4.30 2014.5.20 2014.9.6
82/A 227/A 258/A 2910
UT
2013.12.27 2014.4.25 2014.5.20 2014.9.7
490
3 RT － － －
2014.1.4
776 311 353 446
MT
2014.12.28 2014.4.30 2014.5.20 2014.9.6
205 227/A 259/A 2923
UT
2014.4.10 2014.4.25 2014.5.20 2014.9.9
224
4 RT － － －
2014.4.7
223 311 353 446
MT
2014.4.6 2014.4.30 2014.5.20 2014.9.6
5 UT 41A 227/A 259/A 2924
 “制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

2013.12. 03 2014.4.25 2014.5.20 2014.9.9

550
RT － － －
2013.12.09
742 311 353 446
MT
2013.12.19 2014.4.30 2014.5.20 2014.9.6
227/A 259/A 2925
UT 42A 2013.12. 03
2014.4.25 2014.5.20 2014.9.9
450
6 RT － － －
2013.12. 13
742 311 353 446
MT
2013.12.19 2014.4.30 2014.5.20 2014.9.6

 开工检查、质量计划控制点见证、巡检、专项监督；Inspection of manufacturing readiness,

quality plan control point witness, patrol inspection, special supervision.

开工检查的目的是评估制造厂对于设备开工所需必要条件的完成情况，内容主要包括：质量
控制相关管理程序的完整性、设计文件与技术规格书的符合性、制造工艺规程和工艺卡以及焊接
工艺评定的完整性、人员资质、制造装备和计量检测仪器的状态、原材料准备等。

质量计划见证点分为 HP 停工待检点、WP 见证点和 WP(R)报告点，实际工作中要求所有的见证

点都要见证。对于未选择见证的制造工序或周期较长的工序，采用日常巡检的方式监督质量。

专项监督目的是提高制造厂的质量意识和质量管理水平，是对影响制造质量的各种管理要素
进行流程性梳理和合规性检查，管理要素包括：设计变更和图纸升版管理、图纸发放和回收管理、
焊材库管理、焊材复验管理、原材料到货验收管理、原材料出入库管理、零部件流转管理、焊接
工艺评定管理、测量实验仪器具定检管理、加工设备定期标定管理、过程标识管理、测温管理、
临时工装管理、存放管理、运输管理、报告文件形成管理等。

The purpose of inspection of production readiness is to evaluate the completion of the necessary
conditions required by the manufacturer for the equipment manufacturing start, which mainly includes:
the integrity of quality control related management procedures, the compliance of design documents
and technical specifications, the integrity of manufacturing process specifications and process cards and
welding procedure qualification, qualification of personnel, status of manufacturing equipment and
process instrumentation and testing equipment, preparation of raw materials, etc.

The quality plan witness points include: HP (hold point), WP (witness point), WP(R) (witness point on
report), these all should be witnessed in overseeing work. For the manufacturing process step that is not
selected in the range of witness point or the process step with duration a long cycle, the daily patrol
method is adopted to overseeing the quality.

The purpose of special supervision is to improve the quality awareness and quality management level of
manufacturer, which is to carry out process sorting and compliance inspection of various management
 “制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

elements that affect manufacturing quality. The management elements include: design alteration and
drawing upgrade management, drawing distribution and recycling management, welding material store
management, welding material re-inspection management, raw material arrival acceptance
management, raw material in-out storage management, parts transfer management, welding process
qualification management, regular inspection management of measuring and experimental instruments,
regular calibration management of processing equipment, process identification management,
temperature measurement management, temporary tooling management, storage management,
transportation management, report document formation management, etc.

 跟踪检查制造进度，协调和预警；Tracing and check manufacturing progress, coordination and

early warning;

采用日常巡检的形式跟踪设备（部件）制造进度，编制设备制造进展周报，核对检查主要制
造工序进度是否满足制造厂编制的设备制造计划，针对进度存在偏离的情况应予以及时预警，协
调 ASE 和制造厂采取措施加快制造进度，保证按计划供货。

Tracing the manufacturing progress of equipment (components) by the method of daily patrol, draw up
weekly report on the progress of equipment manufacturing, check whether the progress of the main
manufacturing process meets the equipment manufacturing plan prepared by the manufacturer, and
give early warning in time for the deviation of the progress, coordinate ASE and The manufacturing plant
takes measures to speed up the manufacturing process and ensure that the supply is on schedule.

 不符合项方案审查、跟踪处理并关闭；Review non- nonconformity reports, tracing elimination

and close

设备制造类不符合项分为制造期间不符合项和到场后不符合项，监造队建立不符合项管理数
据库，对不符合项进行管理，并且每周向核安全局提交不符合项清单。由于没有后援设计院，所
有的不符合项技术方案的可行性都是监造队审查，编制审查单。

审查内容包括：根据对安全和性能的影响、不符合项处理决定，确定不符合项级别是否合适；
根据相关实验结果和验证性分析，确定原因分析是否合理正确；根据不符合项处理的工艺复杂性
以及技术难度和风险等，确定不符合项处理方案是否合适；结合物项的后续工作，分析不符合物
项在后续的制造期间、现场安装阶段及调试运行期间可能产生的质量问题和风险，确定不符合项
纠正措施是否完善。

若不符合项处理方案涉及特殊工艺或工序复杂时，为监督管理不符合项的处理过程，要求工
厂编制不符合项处理质量计划，并各方设点见证，验证合格后关闭不符合项；若不符合项处理后
未完全消除，则应开启新的 NCR。

Equipment manufacturing nonconformity are divided into manufacturer nonconformity and on-site
nonconformity. EST establishes a nonconformity management database to manage nonconformity, and
 “制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

submits list of nonconformity to the National Nuclear Safety Administration (NNSA) of China weekly.
Since there is no domestic design institute that provides support, the feasibility of all nonconformities’
technical solutions is reviewed by EST and prepare review comments.

The content of the review includes: determining whether the class of nonconformity is appropriate
based on the relative impact of nonconforming items on the safety and reliability of nuclear power
plants; Determining whether the cause analysis is reasonable and correct based on the relevant
experimental results and confirmatory analysis; Determine whether the option for elimination of
nonconformity is appropriate, according to the process complexity, technical difficulty and risk, etc. of
option for elimination of nonconformity; Combined with the follow-up work of the item, analyze the
quality problems and risks that may occur during the subsequent manufacturing, on-site installation and
commissioning of the nonconforming item, and determine whether the corrective measures for
nonconformity are complete.

If the corrective measures for nonconformity involve special processes or complex procedures, in order
to supervise and manage the elimination processing of nonconformity, the factory is required to
prepare quality plan, which is used for elimination of nonconformity, and all parties involved in the
witness of the quality control point to close nonconformity after verification; If the nonconformity is not
completely eliminated after processing, a new NCR should be formed.

 监装和验收 packing supervision and acceptance inspection

监装包括：对设备包装、固定、运输方案的审查、对设备内部维护保养方案的审查，对设备
内部维护保养、装箱、固定、运输的实体检查。核安全局非常重视对监装的控制，出台专门的规
定要求各业主方加强设备出厂前的监装。田湾 1 号机组蒸汽发生器曾因出厂前的维护保养方案不
正确，传热管因氯致应力腐蚀导致传热管减薄，造成热试后大量堵管。

出厂验收包括实体验收和文件验收，实体验收内容：性能试验、设备表面质量和几何尺寸检
查、内部清洁度检查、供货物项的完整性检查等。文件验收是对制造厂交工文件进行审查验收，
重点审查：原材料的原始质量证书是否齐全；试验报告与质量计划是否对应；不符合项报告是否
齐全；设备制造图是否符合归档要求等。验收完成编制设备监造和出厂验收报告。

Loading supervision includes: review program of equipment packaging, fixation, transportation and
internal maintenance, physical inspection of equipment internal maintenance, packing, fixing, and
transportation.

NNSA attaches great importance to the control of Loading supervision, and has issued special
regulations requiring all owners to strengthen the Loading supervision of equipment before leaving the
factory. The steam generator of TNPS unit 1 once had an incorrect maintenance plan before leaving the
factory, and the heat transfer tube was thinned due to stress corrosion caused by chlorine, resulting in a
 “制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

large number of pipes plugging after the hot test.

Acceptance inspection mainly includes two aspects: physical acceptance inspection and documents
acceptance inspection. Physical acceptance inspection includes: performance test, equipment surface
quality and geometric dimension inspection, internal cleanliness inspection, integrity inspection of
supplied items, etc. Document acceptance inspection is the review and acceptance of the delivery
documents of the manufacturer, focusing on the following contents: whether the quality certificate of
the raw materials is complete; whether the test report corresponds to the quality plan; whether the
nonconformity report is complete; whether the equipment manufacturing drawing meets the filing
requirements, etc. After the acceptance is completed, the manufacturing supervisor shall prepare the
equipment manufacturing supervision and Acceptance inspection report.

 设备里程碑节点支付审查；Review equipment manufacturing milestone payment;

主设备制造周期长，为了将设备款支付与制造进度进行匹配，在主设备制造期间选择三个典
型的制造工序作为里程碑支付点。如反应堆压力容器的三个里程碑是：主要锻件制造并入厂检验
完成，完成法兰与壳体段环焊缝坡口机加工、完成上半筒体组焊。

里程碑节点制造完成后，监造队审查工厂提交的质量计划关闭文件，审核认可里程碑支付申
请。根据 3、4 号机组经验，里程碑节点支付是控制制造进度的手段之一。

The main equipment manufacturing period is long. In order to match the equipment payment with the
manufacturing progress, three typical manufacturing processes are selected as milestone payment
points. For example, the three milestones of the reactor pressure vessel are: complete the main forgings
manufacturing and incoming inspection, completion mechanical treatment of shells and flanges of
vessel for circumferential joints welding, completion upper half part vessel.

The manufacturing overseeing team reviews the quality plan closing documents submitted by the
factory after the manufacturing milestone point is completed, and reviews and approves the milestone
payment application.

 供货问题协调；Supply problem coordination;

因施工逻辑变更或施工工期影响，需要部分设备提前发货（如压力容器支撑环先发货）；因
合同签订时未考虑到相关因素，导致供货与施工无法匹配，需要变更供货日期；某些安装材料受
施工需要需提前到场（焊接工艺评定材料、焊接见证件材料等）；或因设备制造进度滞后无法满
足现场施工要求，设备制造重大不符合项，到货设备发现质量问题，支付、都需要监造队与俄方
ASE、制造厂、现场工程管理部门、核安全局、进行沟通协调。为此，EST 与 ASE 和现场工程部门
建立了日常沟通协调、定期会议、总合同协调会等沟通机制。

The following all require EST to communicate and coordinate with the Russian ASE, the manufacturing
 “制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

plant, JNPC engineering management department and NNSA.

Due to the change of construction logic or the impact of construction period, some equipments need to
be shipped in advance (for example, the pressure vessel support ring is shipped first);

Because the relevant factors were not considered in general contract was signed, the supply and
construction could not be matched, the supply date needed to be changed;

Some installation materials need to be present in advance due to construction requirments (welding
procedure qualification materials, welding witness materials, etc.);

because the equipment manufacturing delay that cannot meet the on-site construction requirements,

Equipment manufacturing major non-conformities, or the arrival equipment finds quality problems,

EST has established communication mechanisms such as daily communication and coordination, regular
meetings, and general contract coordination meetings with ASE and the field engineering department.

 后期现场服务 On-site service in the later stage of overseeing

 编制监造完工报告、向核安全局提交设备报检报告；Prepare the overseeing completion report

and submit the equipment inspection report to NNSA;

设备发货后需编制监造完工报告，随设备报检文件一起提交给核安全局，并对核安全局在文
件审查所提出的问题给予解答。

完工报告的内容包括：设备供货范围、质量计划执行情况、性能试验内容和结果、设备验收
内容和结果、不符合项关闭情况、是否有未完工遗留项、总体结论。（附件 4）

After the equipment is delivered, a manufacturing overseeing completion report shall be prepared,
submitted to NNSA together with the equipment inspection application documents, and answer the
questions raised by NNSA during the document review.

The contents of the completion report include: scope of equipment supply, implementation of quality
plan, content and results of performance tests, content and results of equipment acceptance, closure of
non-conforming items, whether there are unfinished items left over, and overall conclusions.

 设备到货后参与开箱检查；Participate in unpacking inspection after equipment arrival

设备到货后参加开箱检查，对发现的供货缺陷协调制造厂提交解决方案，审查认可到货制造
不符合项，并监督缺陷的处理。

Participate in the unpacking inspection after the equipment arrival, coordinate the manufacturer to
submit solution to the defect founded in unpacking, review and approve the nonconformity report of
the on-site equipment, and overseeing the handling of the defect.
 “制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

 按项目文档管理要求完成监造文件的整理、组卷、归档。Complete the collecting, arranging and

filing of overseeing documents according to the project document management requirements

监造期间形成的开工检查纪要、质量计划审查单、见证记录、设备制造过程照片、不符合项
审查单、周报、重大不符合项分析报告、交工文件、会议纪要等需要收集、整理、组卷并归档，
保存以便于后续的追溯。

这个工作量非常大，并且监造后期人员会分流，因此需要在监造过程当中收集相关文件并整
理，监造队设立数据库，要求监造队员定期上传。

Documents formed during the overseeing period such as Inspection of manufacturing readiness
minutes, quality plan review report, witness records, photos of equipment manufacturing processes,
non-conformity review sheets, weekly reports, analysis reports for major non-conformities, meeting
minutes, etc need to be collected, organized and archive for subsequent traceability.

The amount of documents is very large, and the supervisors will arrange other positions in the later
stage of the overseeing. Therefore, it is necessary to collect and organize relevant documents during the
overseeing. EST sets up a database and requires the supervisor to upload them regularly.

 安装调试阶段发现设备问题与制造厂协调沟通，负责问题处理；Coordinate with the

manufacturer to solve equipment problems founded in the installation and commissioning stage,
responsible for problem handling

跟踪设备在安装、调试阶段的状态，对出现的问题给予解答和指导，进一步协调制造厂提交
解决方案。

Tracing the status of the equipment in the installation and commissioning stages, give answers and
guidance to the problems founded, and further coordinate the manufacturers to submit solutions.

 FSAR 评审阶段参与答复设备制造相关问题。Participate in answering questions about equipment

manufacturing during FSAR review

机组装料前，NNSA 组织审查田湾 7&8 机组 FSAR 文件，并提出意见，形成意见单。监造队负

责答复涉及俄供设备制造要求等方面问题，对于一般性问题，由监造队直接答复，形成答复单，
经 NNSA 认可后关闭，需要俄方提供支持性材料的由俄方答复，监造队根据俄方的答复单编制正式
答复单，交核安全局审查认可，见附件 5。

Before the assembly of oil, the National Nuclear Safety Administration organizes the review of FSAR
documents, puts forward opinions, and forms opinion cards. EST is responsible for answering questions
related to Russian equipment manufacturing requirements. For general questions, EST will reply directly
and will be closed after approval by the National Nuclear Safety Administration. If supporting documents
are required, the EST will prepare a formal reply form based on the Russian response and submit it to
 “制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料

the National Nuclear Safety Administration for approval.