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In 2019, Equipment Purchase and Supervision Team of Europe (EST) was formally established, which
responsible for manufacturing overseeing of Tianwan Units 7&8 and Xudapu Units 3&4. EST is led by Deputy
General Manager in charge of engineering. According to the division of work responsibilities, EST is divided
into four sections, namely, the main equipment overseeing section (undertaking the overseeing of the long-
lead manufacture equipment), the auxiliary equipment overseeing section (undertaking the auxiliary
equipment manufacturing overseeing), and the quality management section (responsible for Quality
Management), Plan Management Section (responsible for supply plan management). Main Equipment
overseeing Section and Auxiliary Equipment overseeing Section are further divided into various resident
groups according to the distribution of factories.
Deputy general
Director
On-site Heat-exchanger
Plan management PMZ factory group
coordination group group
group
St.Petersburg
Training group Steel structure group
factory group
Moscow factory
Piping group
group
CKBM factory
valve group
group
Next I will introduce the distribution of factories. The number of manufacturing overseeing
members is arranged according to the responsibilities of the overseeing, the distribution of
“制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料
manufacturing plants and the manufacturing supply schedule. First Let’s see the distribution of
the main manufacturing plants for Russian-supplied equipment.
Compared with Tianwan Units 3&4, the Russian-supplied equipment manufacturing plants for
Tianwan Units 7&8 are more scattered, and the main equipment manufacturing is mainly
“制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料
distributed in: Volgodonsk Plant, Petrozavosk Plant, Izor Plant, Central Machinery
Manufacturing Bureau, Hydraulic Press Design Institute, Badorsk Factory, OMZ Special Steel
Factory, Ukraine EMSS Energy Machinery Special Steel Factory.
Auxiliary equipment is mainly in: Atomic Machinery Export Company, Polesche, Heavy Industry
Machinery Factory, Nuclear Special Service Company, Belgorod Pipeline Factory, Xincheng
Valve, Kyiv Valve Factory, Ukraine Sumy, Czech PECKY Factory and Germany Simpell Valve
Factory, Germany Omar electric head factory, Germany Lisejia, etc.
For above manufacture plant, CKBM, and newly entered main equipment manufacturing plants
of Atommash and Petrozavosk need to strengthen quality management; Auxiliary equipment
manufacture plant such as AME, Heavy Industry Machinery Plant, Czech PECKY Plant, German
Sempell Valve Plant, Omar Electric Head Plant, German LISEGA need to strengthen the
manufacturing schedule control.
Some problems can be seen from the figure: the actual dispatch curve delays behind the
planned dispatch curve, indicating that the actual arrival is delayed; the peak duration of the
actual arrival curve is shorter, indicating that there is brain drain; professional overseeing
members only account for half of the actual dispatched personnel, indicating that the translator
and foreign affairs support staff are allocated too much. Therefore, for Tianwan 7 and 8 units,
we need to broaden the personnel recruitment channels, deploy professional members in
advance, retain professional members, and reduce the allocation of translators and foreign
affairs support personnel.
“制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料
The following figure shows the manpower allocation plan to undertake the overseeing of
Tianwan units 7&8 and Xudabao units 3&4. The manufacturing overseeing duration starts from
2019 to 2026, of which 2019 to 2020 is mainly for forging manufacturing; 2020 to 2025 is the
main equipment manufacturing stage, 2023 to 2026 is mainly for auxiliary equipment
manufacturing, and the peak period of personnel is 2023 to 2024. During the peak period there
are need 42 professional overseeing members, 15 translators and 3 foreign affairs support
personnel.
The priority is to choose the professional overseeing members who speak fluent Russian.
At the beginning of the overseeing period, professional overseeing members takes Russian
language training. Some translators undertake foreign affairs support. Thus the number of
translators and foreign affairs support personnel can be minimized.
At present, the overseeing personnel are entering their position in accordance with the
schedule step by step, and the division of overseeing will be allocated according to the actual
manufacturing progress. For example, the main equipment forgings were completed, and the
personnel responsible for forging overseeing are deployed to oversee the main equipment
manufacture. In the auxiliary equipment, part of the personnel responsible for the pre-
embedded steel structural and process penetration parts are transferred to the supervision of
the valve and process pipelines.
“制造和建设监督”国家研讨会交流资料
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027
Since most of the overseeing members who worked for Tianwan 1 & 2 no longer wanted to be
engaged in manufacturing overseeing, the manufacturing overseeing members of units 3&4,
were collected from JNPC operation, maintenance and technical support departments, and
hired some temporary staff from outside JNPC to take part in Tianwan 3 & 4 manufacturing
overseeing. From the result of overseeing, there were still many weaknesses:
The overseeing members collected from JNPC mostly lacked professional knowledge, as
most of them are not mechanical related professionals. Thus, they lacked professionalism
and experience in manufacturing process and materials. It was difficult for them to
understand the standards in actual work, and they were not able to review technical
documents. It took a long time to be familiar with overseeing work;
the externally hired personnel lacked the sense of responsibility, and the turnover was
large, most of them don’t bear the long period of working in Russia;
Most members lack of independent work ability and positive work spirit, and lack of
coordination with Russia;
According to the overseeing responsibility and work scope, the overseeing members acts as not
only the quality inspectors, but also the equipment managers, coordinators, and technical
problem reviewers.
testing, welding, chemical machinery and equipment, etc., and are required to have relevant
manufacturing overseeing experience, or work experience at manufacturing plant and pressure
vessel design experience. Non-destructive testing personnel need to have nuclear Ultrasound
level 2 or above certificate issued by the NNSA.
In order to overcome the above shortcomings, we have taken the following management
measures in Tianwan units 7&8:
(1) Broaden the scope of personnel recruitment, and pay attention to personal ability
assessment when recruiting; select some personnel with certain work experience in
machinery majors within JNPC; temporarily hire some machinery-related professionals from
external factory and design institutes; pays attention to the assessment of its professional
ability, active work ability, teamwork, and whether can be engaged in overseeing work for a
long time.
(2) Adopt the equipment responsibility system, and form a team with A\B roles to implement
the overseeing work. In order to strengthen the responsibility of the personnel, except for
the non-destructive testing overseeing, the rest of the overseeing abandons the mode of
working according to the profession, and carries out the work according to the equipment.
Each equipment is assigned two members to form a team with A/B roles to carry out
overseeing work, which can achieve mutual cooperation, mutual discussion, mutual
experience sharing, close tracking, and reasonable division of labor.
(3) adopt the system of graded authorization and review. For more professional work such as
quality plan review and non-conformance review, a graded authorization and review system
is adopted. The deputy director of EST is responsible for the overall technology.
(4) Improve the training system and methods: adopt a variety of training methods, and focus
on experience feedback and experience sharing.