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 ATOMIC MODELS
1 Solid Sphere Model
n
Atoms are indestructible, unchangeable, tiny
8 units that make up all matter. The mass of an

o
atom gives an element its unique properties. It
0
Dalt
is their atoms that have combined when two

3 elements come together to create new

compounds.

Plum Pudding Model

ho m
A positively charged sphere is the basis of an
1

son
T
atom, according to Thomson's atomic model,
into which negatively charged electrons are
inserted. Because electrons and protons have
8
similar amplitudes, an atom as a whole is 9
electrically neutral. The electrons were
contained within a uniform sphere of positive 7
charge.

erford Nuclear Model

1
Ruth

The nucleus, as defined by Rutherford, is the

9 atom's teeny, dense, and positively charged
core. Rutherford proved that an atom's nucleus
1 is where most of its mass is located. The
electrons, which are negatively charged, are far
1 distant from the positively charged nucleus.

B
Planetary Model
ohr

The size and energy of the electron orbits 1

around the nucleus are fixed. The orbit of the
electron decreases with decreasing electron 9
energy. This implies that the lower energy level
will be filled first as electrons fill the orbitals. A 1
new energy level will start if that one is full or
at its maximum capacity. An electron goes from 3
one level to another under radiation.

Quantum Model
dinger
o Unlike the Bohr model, which specifies an

1 electron's exact path, the quantum mechanical

Schr

model predicts the probabilities of an

9 electron's position. This idea can be
represented as an electron cloud encircling a
2 nucleus. Wherever the cloud is extremely
dense, there is a greater chance of finding the
6 electron; however, the electron is less likely to
be there in a less dense area of the cloud. The
concept of sub-energy levels was so
introduced.
 PARTS OF THE ATOM
It is the positively charged
It is a positively-charged
central core of an atom that is
subatomic particle.
made up of protons and

neutrons. PROTON

NUCLEUS

NEUTRON ELECTRON

It is the neutral particle It is a negatively-charged

in the atom. subatomic particle.

ELECTRON
ORBITS

The pathway of electrons.

 Activity 2:

The Bohr model states that an electron behaves like a

particle, but the quantum model states that an electron
exhibits both particle and wave characteristics. Any atom,
no matter how small or complicated, can be represented
by a quantum model. While the
Bohr model can be used to
describe hydrogen atoms, it
cannot be applied to big
atoms. Lastly, Bohr’s model does not precisely define the
shapes of every orbital, but the quantum model describes
every potential shape an orbital can have.