NAME: JOHN RANDEL ARCENAL GRADE&SECTION: LINNAEUS

Topic #1: ETHICAL BEHAVIOR IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

References:

1. Title: Ethical Behavior in Higher Educational Institutions: The Role of the Code of
Conduct
Author(s):Elmore, R. et al, 2001
Year of Publication: March 2001
Name of Journal/Publication: Nature Switzerland AG. Part of Springer Nature.
Link: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006423220775

Notes/Important information: Report of the Treadway Commission suggests that all public
companies should establish effective written "codes of conduct" for corporations. Academic
dishonesty has become an important issue in institutions of higher education. College codes of
conduct, however, tend to follow a "low road" approach, the study finds.

2. Title: Ethics in Higher Education: A Study of the Perceived Ethical

Climate of Administrators and Faculty at a Higher Education Institution
Author(s): Philip Rothman
Year of Publication: January 2017
Name of Journal/Publication: Fisher Digital Publications at St. John Fisher College
Link: https://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/education_etd/287

Notes/Important information: Ethical transgression is an ongoing problem in higher education.

There is a relationship between the perceived ethical climate of an organization and the ethical
behavior of its employees. The ethical climate types are: egoistic, deontological, and utilitarian.
This study used a survey instrument to measure the perceived moral climate of administrators
and full-time faculty at a higher education institution.

3. Title: Examining the Ethical Environment in Higher Education

Author(s): Richardson, M. et al, 2019
Year of Publication: March 2019
Name of Journal/Publication: Telegraph Media Group Limited 2022
Link: www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/27/medical-students-atuniversity-glasgow-told-resit-
exam-collusion/

Notes/Important information: Higher Education Institutions across the world have found
themselves faced by new challenges on issues of ethics. Much of this has been centred on issues
of assessment: plagiarism, buying essays, sharing/lending of previously passed work and, the
stealing of marked/returned work of others. Institutions still treat academic misconduct as a
largely behavioural difficulty rather than an issue of ethics (or education) suggesting that
academia places a far greater emphasis on combating new forms of dishonesty than it does on
encouraging ethical habits and a healthy ethical environment.

4. Title: The Significance of Ethics in Educational Institutions: A Literature Review

Author(s): Ronnie L. Torres
Year of Publication: October 10, 2020
Name of Journal/Publication: International Journal of New Technology and Research
Link: https://doi.org/10.31871/IJNTR.6.10.15

Notes/Important information: We have witnessed and experienced the deterioration of ethics and
values in schools in all levels – administrations, teachers, students and non-teaching personnel.
This paper emphasizes the necessity of developing curative and educative programs that will
help members of the educational system to manage, teach and produce ethical individuals. The
author tries to delveinto the ethical issues the educational institutions experience, the dilemmas
they face, and offers recommendations to alleviate the problems.

5. Title: The Corporate Social Responsibility Practices of Selected Higher Educational

Institutions in Bohol, Philippines
Author(s): Echavia, P. et al, 2021
Year of Publication: June 2021
Name of Journal/Publication: Asian Journal of Research in Education and Social Sciences
Link: https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ajress/article/view/14091

Notes/Important information: Corporate Social Responsibility can be viewed as an application

of the four corporate social responsibilities; economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic, as well as
the transparent management of an organization. This study assessed the extent of CSR practices
of selected higher educational institutions (HEIs) in Bohol, Philippines.

6. Title: Organizational Performance of Higher Education Institutions

in the Philippines
Author(s): Jennifer R. Cabaron
Year of Publication: November 2018
Name of Journal/Publication: International Review of Social Sciences
Link: https://philpapers.org/archive/CABOPO.pdf

Notes/Important information: Organizational performance of Higher Education Institutions in

the Philippines was found to be very good. There were areas need to focus such as congruent to
the needs of the people in the community, monitoring of faculty adequacy and loading, and
maintaining safety and security inside the campuses.
 Topic #2: ETHICAL BEHAVIOR IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

References:

1. Title: Linguistic diversity and workplace productivity

Author(s): Harald Dale-Olsen, Henning Finseraas
Year of Publication: 2020
Name of Journal/Publication: Labour Economics 64 (2020) 101813
Link: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2020.101813

Notes/Important information: While cultural diversity might improve productivity through new
ideas and innovation, linguistic diversity might increase communication costs and thereby reduce
productivity. We apply a new measure of languages’ linguistic proximity to Norwegian linked
employer-employee manufacturing data from 2003–12, and find that higher workforce linguistic
diversity decreases productivity. We find a negative effect also when we control for the impact
of cultural diversity. The detrimental impact disappears over time as immigrant workers’
expected proficiency in Norwegian improves since their time of arrival.

2. Title: Workforce Diversity And Organizational Communication: Analysis Of Human

Capital Performance And Productivity
Author(s): Ephraim A. Okoro, Melvin C. Washington
Year of Publication: 2012
Name of Journal/Publication: Journal of Diversity Management – Spring 2012 Volume 7,
Number 1
Link: https://doi.org/10.19030/jdm.v7i1.6936

Notes/Important information: The workplace of the twenty-first century, including higher

education, is changing rapidly. Staff and faculty responsibilities, skills, training, and the tasks
they perform in their various units/departments and universities are changing as a result of
demographic differences. Additionally, domestic and global organizations are now designed to
create products (goods, services, or ideas) for their diverse consumers and to ensure that there are
benefits for their diverse stakeholders. In evaluating the role of operations management in
acquiring the resources necessary to create goods and services, it is critically important to
understand the importance of workforce diversity and effective communication in achieving the
objectives of organizations and academic institutions.
 3. Title: Workforce inter-personnel diversity: The power to influence human productivity
and career development
Author(s): Claretha Hughes
Year of Publication: 2019
Name of Journal/Publication: Library of Congress Control Number: 2018966128
Link: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03433-7

Notes/Important information: They need to stop seeing people as categories, which can be
dehumanizing, and start seeing each employee as their own person. Training people to be more
accepting of diversity has not worked; people need to be trained to perform their work with
diverse individuals. Employees must be taught how to have diffcult conversations with all
employees. There should be training sessions within the organization to help employees
recognize the different strengths and talents all employees bring to the team.

4. Title: Harnessing demographic differences in organizations: What moderates the

effects of workplace diversity?
Author(s): Y. R. F. Guillaume Et al.
Year of Publication: 2015
Name of Journal/Publication: Journal of Organizational Behavior (2015)
Link: https://Doi.org/10.1002/job.2040

Notes/Important information: In the literature, there are many examples of predicted moderators
for which empirical support was not found, often leaving managers and organizations perplexed
about how to manage diversity effectively . To clarify the issue, meta-analytic reviews are of
limited use because they are bound by their methodology to the investigation of contextual and
methodological moderators derived from study characteristics (e.g., industry setting, study
setting, diversity type, diversity operationalization, team type, team longevity, team
interdependence, team size, and task type).

5. Title: Workforce Diversity: A Key to Improve Productivity

Author(s): Ankita Saxenaa
Year of Publication: 2014
Name of Journal/Publication: Procedia Economics and Finance 11 ( 2014 ) 76 – 85
Link: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(14)00178-6

Notes/Important information: Diversity makes the work force heterogeneous. In current scenario,
employing diversified workforce is a necessity for every organization but to manage such
diversified workforce is also a big challenge for management. This paper critically analyses the
workforce diversity and its impact on productivity of an organization. The researcher after
examining the literature and various research papers, concluded that workforce diversity is
strength for any organization but people still stick to their views related to caste, religion etc and
so consider diversity as a problem but if managed properly, can increase the productivity.

6. Title: Effect of Workplace Diversity on Employees’ Performance in Allama Iqbal Open

University
Author(s): Ahmad, S. & Fazal ur Rahman
Year of Publication: 2019
Name of Journal/Publication: Pakistan Journal of Distance and Online Learning, 5(2), 85-100
Link: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1266670

Notes/Important information: Pearson correlation test and Regression Analysis test was applied
to extract the results. The results revealed that age diversify; gender diversity and ethnicity
diversity have negative relationship on the performance of the employees. Experience diversity
has positive effect on employees’ performance.

Topic #3 The Importance of Developing community-based sanitizations programs

References:

1. Title: Effectiveness of community and school-based sanitation interventions in

improving latrine coverage: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled
interventions.
Author(s) : Igaki, S,. Duc, N.T.M, Nam, N.H. et al.
Year of publication: 2021
Name of Journal: Environ Health Prev Med
Link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-021-00934-4

Notes/Important Information: The study provided the evidence of community- and school-based
sanitation interventions in improving latrine use and coverage along with the increase in number
of latrine constructions. This study also provided information about effectiveness of sanitation
interventions on safe fecal disposal which in turn reduces the incidence/prevalence of diarrheal
diseases in the communities. From our evidence-based results, it would be helpful for concerned
authorities of any developing countries on implementation of plans for improving the sanitation
and reduction of diarrheal diseases.

2. Title: Effects of Community Sanitation Program on the Awareness of Environmental

Sustainability in Assam, India
Authors: Ananta Kumar Jena
Year of Publication: 2018
Name of Journal: International Quarterly of Community Health Education
Link: https://DOI:10.1177/0272684X1878150
Notes/ Important Information: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of community sanitation
program on the awareness of environmental sustainability. In this empirical research design, 20
university students, 6 university professors, and 14 local people participated in the community
sanitation and hands-on activity program organized on the roadside of Silchar Medical College
& Hospital and Irongmara Market nearer to the Assam University, Silchar. The participants’
responses towards the feedback cum questionnaire was analyzed by Kruskal -Wallis H test
resulted significant effects of community sanitation program on the awareness of environmental
sustainability.

3. Title: How does sanitation influence people’s quality of life? Qualitative research in
low-income areas of Maputo, Mozambique
Authors: Ian Ross, Oliver Cumming, Robert Dreibelbis, Zaida Adriano, Rassul Nala, Guilia
Greco
Year of Publication: 2021
Name of Journal: Social Science and Medicine
Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953621000411

Notes/Important Information: The aim of this study is to investigate what people most value
about sanitation in low-income areas of Maputo, Mozambique, to inform a definition and
conceptual model of sanitation-related quality of life. Our approach to qualitative research was
rooted in economics and applied the capability approach, bringing a focus on what people had
reason to value.

4. Title: Impact of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Interventions on Improving Health

Outcomes among School Children
Authors: Adish Joshi and ChiomaAmadi
Year of Publication: 2013
Name of Journal: Journal of Environmental and Public Health
Link: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jeph/2013/984626

Notes/Important Information: This review was done to explore the impact of water treatment,
hygiene, and sanitary intervention on improving child health outcomes such as absenteeism,
infections, knowledge, attitudes, and practices and adoption of point of use water treatment.

5. Title: Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Practices in the Philippines: Meeting National
And Global Targets at the Local Level
Authors: Victorio Molina, Olivia Sison, John Robert Carabeo Medina, Carlo Lumagaya, Cyrille
Nahla Ayes, Joseph Aaron Joe, Vicente Y Belizario
Year of Publication: 2021
Name of Journal: Journal of Environmental Science and Management
Link:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354103173_Water_Sanitation_and_Hygiene_Prac
tices_in_the _Philippines_Meeting_National_and_Global_Targets_at_the_Local_Level
Notes/Important Information: The study aimed to assess the attainment of those targets at the
local level in selected areas in Davao Region, the Philippines. Randomly selected households
were assessed for water, sanitation, and hygiene indicators using a modified tool that combined
national guidelines and global recommendations.

6. Title: Factors influencing sanitation and hygiene practices among students in a public
university in Bangladesh
Authors: Ashraful Kabir, Shuvo Roy, Korima Begum, ArifulHaq Kabir, Md Shahgahan Miah
Year of Publication: 2021
Name of Journal: Plos one call for papers: Social Psychiatry
Link: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0257663

Notes/Important Information: His study suggest that despite the rapid expansion of on-campus
university education, hygiene practices in public universities are remarkably poor due to a
variety of dynamic and interconnected factors situated in different (individual, contextual, socio-
phycological) levels. Therefore, multi-level interventions including regular supply of WASH-
related materials and agents, promoting low-cost WASH interventions, improving quality
cleaning services, close monitoring of cleaning activities, promoting good hygiene behavior at
the individual level, and introducing gender-sensitive WASH infrastructure and construction
may be beneficial to advance improved sanitation and hygiene practices among university
students.