1

A
Summer Training Report

ON
“Topic INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY”

Towards the partial fulfilment of the requirement for award of the degree of
Bachelors in Business Administration (BBA)/Masters in Business
Administration (MBA)

Submitted To
Controller of Examination
Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak

Under the guidance of:

Faculty Name - Priyanka olihan Name – SAMEER KHAN
University Roll No.- 20BBA 1007

Rawal Institute of Management, Faridabad

Batch ( 2020-2023 )
1
 PREFACE

I had an impression in my mind that the summer training which we are going to
undertake, would only a miner perquisite to entire into a corporate world. Bu t when
it came to end ,only he I understood that, what it is like be professional person. How
important this training is for all students who are doing their graduate or post
graduate degree in Business Administration.

I learned a lot from this experience, many aspects were aspects were totally new to
me and it look great deal of efforts to understand them but now I am finished with
this training, I can say that he two months which I spent at “KRV GURU ”,Place gave
me knowledge and professional attitude for whole life. Seniors and colleague, I
worked with, all were very generous and helpful. They never let me left that I was
not an employee there. Moreover they inspired me lot in many predicaments.
 2

DECLARATION

I student of BBA, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, hereby

declare that the summer training entitled “Information
technology” has been carried out at “KRV GURU” submitted in
partial fulfillment for the “Bachelor Degree in Business
Administration” in the result of my own work and is original.

SAMEER KHAN
Student Name

3
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my sense of profound gratitude to the

Management of “KRV GURU ”. For giving me this opportunity
to conduct a study on Training and Development in their
esteemed organization.

I would like to express my gratitude to MR. Vinod Kumar

For providing his valuable time, suggestions and support for
completing my summer training successfully.

Lastly, I am indebted to the friends and will-wishers who

have extended their support to me during the training.

SAMEER KHAN
(Name of Student)

4
 Index

Serial no. Topic Page no. Remarks

1. Introduction 6-7
2. Company profile 8-30
3. Industry profile 31-32
4. • Objectives 33-61
• Research
methodology
• Analysis and
findings
• Conclusions
• Recommendation
s
• Limitations
5. Annexure 62-66
• Bibliography
• Questionnaire

5
2. INTRODUCTION

Kolichina Raja Vikram Dev (KRV) is a

passionate and creative marketer, with 10
years of In-depth experience in Marketing,
Sales, Digital Marketing, Branding, Supply
Chain Management and HR Operations. He
has worked in the large-scale organization
like Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd, Zuari
Cements, Murugappa Group. Having 360-
degree marketing functional experience has
helped him in setting up the entire marketing
and operations at start ups like Pro
Constructors, Adept Concepts and
Summation IT. KRV Guru is a digital
marketing, Branding, Web development, and
training company with experienced and
passionate marketers. Experienced in SEO,
Social media marketing, online branding and
reputation management. Having 10 years of
in-depth experience in sales, business
development, marketing, branding and
digital marketing, we can deliver the best
results with quick turn around time.
 6

2.COMPANY PROFILE

With more than 2 2,0 0 0 engineers and researchers as of June 3

0, 2 0 2 1, we have transactions with some 2,200 clients, including
major companies, university laboratories, public and private
research institutions, and public-sector organizations.

The Group’s seasoned professionals, with expertise in fields such

as machinery, electrics and electronics, embedded controls,
information systems, IT infrastructure, chemistry, biotechnology,
medicine, construction and civil engineering, and energy, enable
us to deliver one-stop solutions addressing virtually the full
spectrum of technical needs in industry in Japan.

In terms of the number of engineers and researchers and the

extensiveness of the fields covered, the KRV GURU Group is one
of Japan’s largest providers of technical human resources
services. Intensifying global competition means that power
relationships in industrial circles are shifting rapidly.

Along with this, Japan’s industrial structure is faced with the

need to transform significantly. Our role is to keep up with
Japan’s ever-changing industry and capture client needs so as to
be the fastest in our industry at providing clients with the best
technical services.

The vision of the KRV GURU Group is to help engineers and

researchers realize their dreams, provide clients with high-quality
services that surpass their expectations, and consequently
contribute to a better society for our clients and other
stakeholders as well as the public. We will continue our drive to
realize this vision.

GROUP VISION -

 Technology on Demand

We are a group of highly specialized engineers, helping our global

customers achieve their goals in research, development, and
design.

 Engineer Partner

We help engineers find and follow their dreams.

  Engineer Career Platform

We offer engineers opportunities to work in many fields, helping

build strong and flexible industries capable of responding to
ongoing market change.

 BUSINESS MODELS –

Create Value through Combination of

Recruitment, HR Development, and
Sales Activities

ENGINEERS

The KRV GURU Group’s business model involves offering

engineers stable employment as permanent employees and
enhancing their market value by assigning them in technologically
promising fields and providing training, thus responding to the
growing demand for technical services.
NEWLY EMPLOYEES

The KRV GURU Group has more than 24,000 employees globally,
20,330 of whom are engineers working in Japan. We are one of
Japan’s largest providers of technical human resources 20,330
services.

NEWLY RECRUITED
ENGINEERS

10
We recruited 1,405 excellent engineers and researchers in the
most recent fiscal year through stringent screening of many 1,405
applicants

PARTICIPANTS IN TRAINING PROGRAM

Technological capabilities have a direct bearing on the KRV GURU

Group’s competitiveness. The cumulative number of employees
who participated in training programs in the most recent fiscal
year totaled 213,795. With the best-inindustry training systems,
backed by six largescale training centers and about 50 training
facilities in major cities nationwide, we offer a wealth of business
training options in addition to training focused on engineering
skills.

CLIENTS

We support R&D and business operations of 2,232 clients active

in cutting-edge technology areas, including major companies,
university laboratories, public and private research institutions,
and public-sector organizations.
Others 3.1%
Construction/plant 14.8%
Medicine/chemical 2.3%
Financial/securities 3.7%
Materials 2.7%
Medical equipment 3.5%
Consumer products 4.2%
Electronic components 6.4%

REQUEST FOR NEW STAFFING

We receive inquiries from many clients because we have the

largest pool of engineering talent in the technical human
resources services segment and cover extensive technology
areas.

11

Aspiring to be a global human

resources services company with
technology at its core :

We are expanding our business domains as a global human

resources services company with technology at its core. By
responding to the need for outsourced research, development,
and design, which is growing in tandem with technological
change, we aim to achieve sustained increases in corporate value
by continuing to deliver high-value-added human resources and
services

Together with Employees

Considering that boosting employee satisfaction leads to higher-

quality client services, the TechnoPro Group conducts an
employee satisfaction questionnaire survey every year covering
all employees and reflects the results in enhancement of internal
systems. The Group provides an environment where employees
can work without anxiety and build their careers with a long-term
perspective.

Commitment to Clients

We hold a compliance seminar for our clients. The seminar

features such topics as interpretation of labor-related laws and
regulations, and precautions to ensure appropriate use of worker
dispatching and outsourcing.

Upon request, we hold workshops on worker dispatching at

clients’ sites. Our expert counselors offer detailed explanation of
specific practical issues that are difficult to interpret solely from
provisions of laws and implementation guidelines.

12
We provide the latest information on labor administration, such
as items emphasized in labor administration, examples of
interpretation of legal provisions, and the orientation of revision
of laws, utilizing the experience and the network we have
cultivated over the years in the worker dispatch business.

Commitment to the Environment

We are dedicated to protecting the environment and encouraging

everyone who works at the Group to participate in environmental
activities. We will continue to be a responsible corporate citizen
playing a meaningful role in helping to resolve environmental
issues.

Commitment to Society
We are addressing the “post-doc problem” in Japan, namely, the
difficulty many individuals fresh from academia with post-
doctoral qualifications experience in securing suitable
employment, and helped such talented people bring their
capabilities into full play in the private sector. Convinced that
people with disabilities should be afforded every opportunity to
lead independent lives and participate fully in society, we create
suitable workplaces for them.

As a leading provider of technical human resources services

supporting Japan, a technology-oriented nation, through our
support of the Kagaku-no-Koshien (Japan High School Science
Championships) and Kagaku-no-Koshien Junior (Japan Junior High
School Science Championships) as well as Mono-Coto Innovation,
a productmaking contest for junior and senior high school
students, we encourage young people to develop an informed
interest in science and technology.

13

SYSTEM ANALYSIS :-

 Existing SYSTEM
In an Existing we address these
challenges and present an approach to
efficient, incremental consolidation of
data-intensive flows. Following common
practice, our method iterates over
information requirements to create the
final design. we show how to efficiently
accommodate a new information
requirement to an existing design and
also, how to update a design in lieu of
an evolving information requirement.
The final design satisfying all
requirements comprises a multi-flow.
As ‘coal’ is formed after the process and
extreme compaction of layers of
partially decomposed materials1, Co Al
processes individual data flows
And incrementally consolidates them
into a unified multi-flow.

14

Proposed SYSTEM
Following the previously proposed set
of flow transformations in the context
of ETL processes in Co Al we extend this
set considering also the associative
property of n-array operations (e.g.,
Join) and thus rely on the following four
flow transformations used for
reordering the operations. Swap
Applied to a pair of adjacent unary
operations, it interchanges the order of
these operations. Distribute/Factorize.
Applied on a unary operation over an
adjacent n-array operation, it
respectively distributes the unary
operation over the adjacent nary
operation or factorizes several unary
operations over the adjacent narray
operation. Merge/Split. Applied on a set
of adjacent unary operations, it
respectively merges several operations
into a single unary operation or splits a
unary operation into several unary
operations. Re-associate. Applied on a
pair of mutually associative n-array
operations, it interchanges the order in
which these operations are executed.

15

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT
SPECIFICATIONS

System configurations
The software requirement specification
can produce at the culmination of the
analysis task. The function and
performance allocated to software as
part of system engineering are refined
by established a complete information
description, a detailed functional
description, a representation of system
behavior, and indication of performance
and design constrain, appropriate
validate criteria, and other information
pertinent to requirements.

16

Software Requirements

• Operating
system : Windows 7 Ultimate
. • Coding Language : MVC 4 Razor
• Front-End : Visual Studio 2012 Professional
. • Data Base : SQL Server 200

Hardware Requirement

• System : Pentium IV 2.4 GHz.

• Hard Disk : 1TB.
• Ram : 4GB.
 17

TECHNOLOGY

 ASP.NET

ASP.NET is a web development platform, which provides

a programming model, a comprehensive software
infrastructure and various services required to build up
robust web applications for PC, as well as mobile devices.

ASP.NET works on top of the HTTP protocol, and uses the

HTTP commands and policies to set a browser-to-server
bilateral communication and cooperation.

ASP.NET is a part of Microsoft .NET platform ASP.NET

applications are compiled codes, written using the
extensible and reusable components or objects present in
.NET framework. These codes can use the entire
hierarchy of classes in .NET framework.
 ASP.NET web forms extend the event-driven model of
interaction to the web applications. The browser submits
a web form to the web server and the server returns a full
markup page or HTML page in response.

All client side user activities are forwarded to the server

for tasteful processing. The server processes the output
of the client actions and triggers the reactions

18
Now, HTTP is a stateless protocol. ASP.NET framework
helps in storing the information regarding the state of the
application, which consists of:

 Page state
 Session state

The page state is the client state, i.e., the content of various input
fields in the web form. The session state is the collective
information obtained from various pages the user visited and
worked with, i.e., the overall session state. To clear the concept,
let us take an example of a shopping cart.

User adds items to a shopping cart. Items are selected from a

page, say the items page, and the total collected items and price
are shown on a different page, say the cart page. Only HTTP
cannot keep track of all the information coming from various
pages. ASP.NET session state and server side infrastructure keeps
track of the information collected globally over a session.

The ASP.NET runtime carries the page state to and from the
server across page requests while generating ASP.NET runtime
codes, and incorporates the state of the server side components
in hidden fields.

This way, the server becomes aware of the overall application

state and operates in a two-tiered connected way.

The ASP.NET component model provides various building blocks

of ASP.NET pages. Basically it is an object model, which describes:
ASP.NET is a technology, which works on the .

NET framework that contains all web-related functionalities.

The .Net frame work is made of an object-oriented hierarchy.

An ASP.NET web applications is made of pages.

19
When a user requests an ASP.NET page, the IIS delegates the
processing of the page to the ASP.NET runtime system.

The ASP.NET runtime transforms the .aspx page into an instance

of a class, which inherits from the base class page of the .Net
framework. Therefore, each ASP.NET page is an object and all its
components i.e., the server-side controls are also objects.

 ADO.NET

As you develop applications using ADO.NET, you will have

different requirements for working with data. In some cases, you
might simply want to display data on a form. In other cases, you
might need to device a way to share information with another
company.

No matter what you do with data, there are certain fundamental

concepts that you should understand about the data approach in
ADO.NET. You might never need to know some of the details of
data handling- for example, you might never need to directly edit
an XML file containing data- but it is very useful to understand the
data architecture in ADO.NET, what the major data components
are, and how the pieces fit together.
This introduction presents a high-level over view of these most
important concepts. The topic deliberately skips over many
details- for example, there is much more to data sets than what is
mentioned here- in favour of simply introducing you to ideas
behind the data integration in ADO.NET.

ADO.Net does not continuously live connections. In traditional

client/server applications, components establish a connection to
a data base and kept it open while the application is running. For
a variety of reasons, this approach is impractical in many
applications.

20

Similarly, applications that require an open database connection

are extremely difficult to scale up. An application that does not
scale up well might perform acceptable with four users but will
likely not do so with hundreds.ASP.NET Web applications in
particular need to be easily scalable, because traffic to a website
can go up by orders of magnitude in a short period.

A model based on always connected data can make a difficult

and impractical to exchange data across application and
organizational boundaries using a connected architecture. If two
components need to share the same data, both have to be
connected, and a way must be devised for the components to
pass data back and forth.

For all the reasons, data accessed with ADO.NET is designed

around an architecture that uses connections sparingly.
Applications are connected to the database only long enough to
fetch or update the data. Because the database is not holding
onto connections that are largely idle, it can service many more
users.

 C# is a simple, modern, object oriented, and type –safe

programming language derived from C and C++.
 It will immediately be familiar to C and C++ programmers.

 C# aims to combine the high productivity of visual basic and the

raw power of C++

 Visual C#.NET is part of a suite of products, called Visual Studio

.NET, that also includes Visual Basics .NET, Visual C++.NET and the
Jscript scripting language.

21

 The .NET frame work defines a “Common Language

Specification” (CLS), a short of lingua franca that ensures
seamless interoperability between CLS-complaint languages and
class libraries

.  For C# developers this means even though C# is a new

language, it has complete access to the same rich class libraries
that are used by seasoned tools such as Visual Basic.NET and
Visual C++.NET.

For all the reasons, data accessed with ADO.NET is designed

around an architecture that uses connections sparingly.
Applications are connected to the database only long enough to
fetch or update the data. Because the database is not holding
onto connections that are largely idle, it can service many more
users
 22

JAVA

JavaScript is an interpreter, client-side,

event-based, object oriented scripting
language that you can use to add dynamic
interactivity to your web pages. JavaScript
scripts are written in plain text, like HTML,
XML, Java, PHP and just about any other
modern computer code. In this code, we will
use Windows Note Pad to create and edit
our JavaScript code, but there are a large
number of alternatives available. Note Pad is
chosen to demonstrate JavaScript’s
immediacy and simplicity.
You can use JavaScript to achieve
any of the following:

Create special effects with images that give

the impression that a button is either
highlighted or depressed whenever the
mouse pointer is hovered over it.
23

 Validate information that users enter into

your web forms
 Open pages in new windows, and
customise the appearance of those new
windows.

 Detect the capabilities of the user’s

browser and alter your page’s content
appropriately.

 Create custom pages “on the fly” without the

need for a server-side language like PHP. JavaScript
is not Java, though if you come from a Java
background, you will notice that both languages
look similar when written. Java is a full featured
and comprehensive programming language similar
to C or C++, and although JavaScript can interact
with Java web applications, the two should not be
confused.

Different web browsers will run your JavaScript in

different, sometimes incompatible ways. In order to
work around this, it is often necessary to use
JavaScript itself to detect the capabilities of the
browser in which it finds itself, and alter its
operation depending on the result.

24

To revisit the original definition in

this chapter, note the following
points:

 Interpreted refers to the fact that JavaScript code is executed

(acted on) as it is loaded into the browser. This is a change of
pace from compiled languages like Java, which check your
program thoroughly before running a single line of code, and can
have many implications that can catch you out if you are from a
non-interpreted programming background.

 Client-side has been defined already in the previous chapter.

 Event-based refers to JavaScript’s ability to run certain bits of

code only when a specified event occurs. An event could be the
page being loaded, a form being submitted, a link being clicked,
or an image being pointed at by a mouse pointer.
 Object-oriented signals that JavaScript’s power to exert control
over an HTML page is based on manipulating objects within that
page.

 If you are familiar with object-oriented programming, you will

be aware of some of the power that this can bring to the coding
environment.

25

DATA BASE : -

About Microsoft SQL Server 2008

Microsoft SQL server is a Structured Query Language (SQL) base,

client/server relational database. Each of these terms describes a
fundamental part of the architecture of SQL serve.

A database is similar to a data file in that it is storage place for

data. Like a data file, a database does not present information
directly to a user, the user runs an application that accesses data
from the database and presents it to the users in an untreatable
format. A database typically ha two components: the files holding
the physical database access data.
The DBMS is responsible for enforcing database structure,
including:

 Maintaining the relationships between data in the database.

 Ensuring that data is stored correctly, and the rules that

defining data relationships are not violated.

 Recovering all data to a point of known consistency in case of

system failures.

26

Relational Database : -
There are different ways to organize data in a database but
relational databases are one of the most effective. Relational
database systems are an application of mathematical set theory
to the problem of effectively organizing data. In a relational
database is collected into tables called relations in relation
theory.

When organizing data into tables, you can usually find many
different ways to define tables. Relational database theory
defines a process, normalization, which ensures that the set of
tables you define will organize our data effectively.

Client / Server

In Client/Server system the server is a relatively large computer in

a central location that manages a resource used by many people.
When individuals need to use the resource, they connect over the
network from their computers, or clients, to the server.
Examples of servers are: In Client/Server database architecture,
the database files and DBMS software resides on a server. A
communications component is provided so applications can run
on separate clients and communicate to the database server over
a network. The SQL server communication component also allows
communication between an application running on the server
and SQL server.

Server applications are usually capable of working with several

clients at the same time. SQL server can work with thousands of
client applications simultaneously. The server has features to
prevent the logical problems that occur if a user.

While SQL server is design to work as a server in a Client/Server

network, it is also capable of working as a stand-alone database
directly on the client. The scalability and ease of use features of
SQL server allows it to work efficiently on a client without
consuming too many resource.

27

Structured Query Language (SQL) : -

To work with data in a database, you must use a set of commands

and statements (language) defined by the DBMS software. There
are several different languages that can be used with relational
database; the most common is SQL. Both the American national
standards institute (ANSI) and the International Standards
Organization (ISO) has defined standards for SQL

Which are Structured Query Language?

Structured Query Language (SQL) is a standardized programming language that

is used to manage relational databases and perform various operations on the
data in them.
 What is Structured Query Language with example?

Structured Query Language (SQL) refers to a standard programming language

utilized to extract, organize, manage, and manipulate data stored in relational
databases. SQL is thereby referred to as a database language that can execute
activities on databases that consist of tables made up of rows and columns.

28

Why it is called Structured Query Language?

The original full name was SEQUEL, which stood for "Structured English Query
Language". It later had to be renamed to SQL due to trademark issues. So
basically, it was yet another attempt to sell a programming language as "just
like English, except with a formal syntax" (hence "structured").

What are types of SQL?

Types of SQL Statements
 Data Definition Language (DDL) Statements.
 Data Manipulation Language (DML) Statements.
 Transaction Control Statements.
 Session Control Statements.
 System Control Statement.
 Embedded SQL Statements

What are the five languages of SQL?

 These SQL commands are mainly categorized into five categories as:
 DDL – Data Definition Language.
 DQL – Data Query Language.
 DML – Data Manipulation Language.
 DCL – Data Control Language.
 TCL – Transaction Control Language.

29
MARKETING STRATEGY

Raja Vikram (KRV) the founder of KRV Guru has done

complete online and offline branding for us. He has initiated
each and every strategy of digital and offline branding very
well. He has positioned us well with various strategies
related to fitness activities. He has made us to stand out
from the crowd. His strategies over hoardings, flex stands,
pamphlets, awards and many more with image execution are
marvelous. Still we are redesigning our various strategies
with him. A long way to go with him. He has never delayed
any work for us. His strength is faster time to market
solutions. The complete team have prompt response. Based
on the requirement and strategies budget differed. But, I
believe you will render the best ROI if you are investing in
his strategies.
 KRV Guru is An Award-Winning MARTECH Agency with a
bunch of young energetic, creative and passionate
“MARTECH” team who love what they do and most
importantly who they work for? That is "YOU". We
understand how important "You" are for us. We are known
as passionate and crazy marketers in search of innovation.
We believe “Marketing is Mathematics” you should know the
right formulae to get an answer. Being passed out of
premium B-Schools and enthusiastic for the never-ending
“Learning Attitude” strives us towards excellence.

30

3. INDUSTRY PROFILE

COMPANY NAME : KRV GURU

KRV Guru is a digital marketing, Branding, Web
development, and training company with experienced
and passionate marketers. Experienced in SEO, Social
media marketing, Online branding and
reputation management. Having 10 years of in-depth
experience in sales, business development, marketing,
branding and digital marketing, We can deliver the best
results with quick turn around time.

Basic Information
Nature of Business Service Provider

Company CEO Raja Vikram

Total Number of
24000 worldwide
Employees
 Year of Establishment 2018

Legal Status of Firm Individual - Proprietor

31
ABOUT CEO –

Kolichina Raja Vikram Dev (KRV) is a passionate and creative marketer, with 10 years of In-
depth experience in Marketing, Sales, Digital Marketing, Branding, Supply Chain
Management and HR Operations. He has worked in the large-scale organization like Godrej
& Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd, Zuari Cements, Murugappa Group. Having 360- degree marketing
functional experience has helped him in setting up the entire marketing and operations at
start-ups like ProConstructors, Adept Concepts and Summation IT.
He has done Advanced Marketing Program from Indian Institute of Management, Calcutta
(IIMC), and MBA (IB) from GITAM School of International Business (GSIB) specialized in
Marketing and Supply Chain Management and Graduation in Physics from Osmania
University.
He is certified in Innovation and IT Management from IIMB, Google AdWords, Google
Analytics, HubSpot Inbound Sales & Marketing, Advanced Digital Marketing from Manipal
Global, Virtual Marketing from Symbiosis and many more certifications in his cart. He loves
to train students and professionals. He has been a Guest Lecturer for Marketing & Branding
at Premium B-Schools Hyderabad, HBS-GITAM Hyderabad.
He has helped start-ups and small businesses like 18 Hours Fitness Studio, AssoCom,
Kavya Enterprises, Sumeru Solutions, Surya Agencies and Mobilinx to achieve their revenue
goals with innovative marketing.

ADDRESS & CONTACT

7-67 Ground Floor Nagendra Nagar, Near Bharat Petroleum, Habsiguda, Hyderabad-500007,
Telangana, India

Raja Vikram (Owner)

Call 08048372018

32
OBJECTIVES

General company objectives could be to increase

profitability, boost productivity, improve customer service
and customer experience, lower employee turnover, instill
and uphold a positive corporate culture, or even reaching
more of the right customers

Objectives of Business

The business objective is a goal, i.e. where the business wants to

reach in the future. For example, a business wants to set up its
franchise in another state in the next 3 years or it wants to increase its
workforce in the coming months.
Business needs objectives, without objectives the business is like a
car without headlights driving blind. Objectives of business are the
purpose for which the business is established and performed. We can
call objectives the cornerstone of every business.

Objectives are needed in every area where performance and results

directly affect the survival and prosperity of a business. The right
choice of objectives is critical for the success of the business. The
objectives of a business can be classified into two main categories,
which are

1. Economic objectives
2. Social objectives

33

Economic Objectives of Business

We learned in the previous topic that business is an economic

activity. Hence, its purpose is to show economic results. Let’s
understand the economic objectives of the business. They are as
follows:

1] Profit Earning
Business is a set of activities undertaken with the prospect of sale for
the purpose of earning a profit. Profit is the extra income over the
expenses. The main objective of any business is to earn a profit. Just
as a plant cannot survive without water, similarly a business cannot
sustain without profit.

Profit is necessary for growing and expanding business activities.

Profit guarantee a consistent stream of capital for the modernization
and augmentation of business activities in the future. Profits likewise
show the scale of stability, efficiency, and advancement of
the business organization.

34

2] Market Share / Creation of Customers

In the words of Drucker, “There is only one valid definition of
business purpose; to create a customer. “ Profits are not generated out
of thin air. They are the result of the hard work of the businessman to
satisfy the needs of the customers.

In the long run, the survival of the business completely depends upon
the market share captured by the business.  The creation of good and
satisfaction of the needs of the customer is a crucial purpose of the
business. So to generate profit and demand, the business must supply
premium quality and give value for money products.

3] Innovation & Utilization of Resources

Innovation normally means to change processes or creating more
effective processes, products and ideas. Nowadays, business is ever-
changing and dynamic. To keep up with the growing competition a
businessman has to introduce efficient design, latest trends, upgraded
machinery, new techniques, etc.

Large corporations invest a humongous amount of capital in their

Research & Development department to boost innovation. Whereas,
on the parallel lines, utilization of resources is a proper use of
workforce, raw material, capital and technology used in the business.
A business has limited resources and that’s why its main objective is
to put these resources to correct divisions.

35

4] Increasing Productivity

Productivity is a scale to measure the efficiency of the business

activity. It is usually the last objective but just as important because
productivity is measured by the output given by the activities. It is the
end result of any business activity. Each business must go for more
prominent productivity – to guarantee its survival and development.
This goal can be accomplished by decreasing wastages and making
proficient utilization of machines and supplies, HR, cash and so forth.

Social Objectives of Business

According to Dayton Hudson “The business of business is serving
society, not just making money.” Business is one of the pillars on
which the society stands.  Therefore, it is a part of the society. In fact,
it cannot thrive without the resources from the society.  The business
earns its income from the sale of products and services to the society.
It is mandatory on the part of the business to take care of the social
factors. The necessary social objectives of a business are as follows:

1] Providing Goods & Services at Reasonable Prices

Business exists in the first place to satisfy the needs of the society.
It’s the first and major social objective of the business. Products and
services ought to be of better quality and these ought to be provided
at sensible costs. It is additionally the social commitment of business
to keep away from misbehaviors like boarding, Black promoting and
manipulative advertising.

36

2] Employment Generation
One of the major problem today’s generation facing is
unemployment. Business generates employment. Therefore, it is the
social objective of a business to give chances to beneficial
employment to individuals of the society. In a nation like India,
unemployment has turned into a critical issue.

3] Fair Remuneration to Employees

The business does not run on its own but the people are responsible
for the success and failure of the business. The people on the inside
of the business are more valuable i.e. employees. They are an asset of
the business and make a ground-breaking contribution to the
business. They must be given reasonable pay for their work.
Notwithstanding wages and salary, a significant piece of profits
ought to be distributed among them in acknowledgment of their
commitments. Such sharing of benefits will expand the inspiration
and proficiency of employees.

4] Community Service
Business must give back something to the society. As a result, the
Library, dispensary, educational foundations and so on which a
business can make and help in the advancement of society are
created. Business enterprises can build schools, colleges, libraries,
hospitals, sports bodies and research institutions. They can help non-
government organizations (NGOs) like CRY, Help Age, and others
which render services to weaker sections of society.

37

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The major research methods include risk assessment, statistics, sampling,

hypothesis testing, surveys, and comparative analysis. It helps students develop
solid knowledge and practical skills sufficient for conducting a research project from
its initiation, through completion, and delivery.

Types of Research Data

Data may be grouped into four main types based on methods for collection:
observational, experimental, simulation, and derived. The type of research data you
collect may affect the way you manage that data. For example, data that is hard or
impossible to replace (e.g. the recording of an event at a specific time and place)
requires extra backup procedures to reduce the risk of data loss. Or, if you will need
to combine data points from different sources, you will need to follow best practices
to prevent data corruption.
 

38
Observational Data
Observational data are captured through observation of a behavior or activity. It is
collected using methods such as human observation, open-ended surveys, or the
use of an instrument or sensor to monitor and record information -- such as the use
of sensors to observe noise levels at the Mpls/St Paul airport. Because observational
data are captured in real time, it would be very difficult or impossible to re-create if
lost.

39

Experimental Data
Experimental data are collected through active intervention by the researcher to
produce and measure change or to create difference when a variable is altered.
Experimental data typically allows the researcher to determine a causal relationship
and is typically projectable to a larger population. This type of data are often
reproducible, but it often can be expensive to do so.

 
40

Simulation Data
Simulation data are generated by imitating the operation of a real-world process or
system over time using computer test models. For example, to predict weather
conditions, economic models, chemical reactions, or seismic activity. This method is
used to try to determine what would, or could, happen under certain conditions. The
test model used is often as, or even more, important than the data generated from
the simulation.
 

Derived / Compiled Data

Derived data involves using existing data points, often from different data sources, to
create new data through some sort of transformation, such as an arithmetic formula
or aggregation. For example, combining area and population data from the Twin
Cities metro area to create population density data. While this type of data can
usually be replaced if lost, it may be very time-consuming (and possibly expensive)
to do so.

41

ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS

What is Company Analysis?

Company analysis contains an evaluation & examination

of a company, its financial health & prospects,
management strategy or marketing activities & its
strengths & weaknesses

MARKETING/MANAGEMENT REPORTS

 eMarketer

Analysis and reports on Internet companies and companies involved in digital

marketing.

 FAITS (Faulkner Advisory for IT Studies)

Market research reports covering industry sectors in information technology,

telecommunications, and the Internet.

 IBISWorld
 Market research reports on industries & product categories. Each report
discusses major players (companies) and brands within the category.

 Mintel Academic (Baruch & SPS users only)

Market research reports, analyst insights, and other media intelligence on

numerous industries (known as “sectors”), thematic trends and consumers.
Only US and UK information is provided with the Baruch subscription.

 Passport (Euromonitor) (Baruch & SPS users only)

In addition to industry and product category analysis, Passport contains

excellent and in-depth corporate reports. Select the "Companies" tab at the
top of the page and type in the company name.

42

MARKETING/MANAGEMENT REPORTS

 eMarketer

Analysis and reports on Internet companies and companies involved in digital

marketing.

 FAITS (Faulkner Advisory for IT Studies)

Market research reports covering industry sectors in information technology,

telecommunications, and the Internet.

 IBISWorld

Market research reports on industries & product categories. Each report

discusses major players (companies) and brands within the category.
  Mintel Academic (Baruch & SPS users only)

Market research reports, analyst insights, and other media intelligence on

numerous industries (known as “sectors”), thematic trends and consumers.
Only US and UK information is provided with the Baruch subscription.

 Passport (Euromonitor) (Baruch & SPS users only)

In addition to industry and product category analysis, Passport contains

excellent and in-depth corporate reports. Select the "Companies" tab at the
top of the page and type in the company name.

43

MARKETING/MANAGEMENT REPORTS

 eMarketer

Analysis and reports on Internet companies and

companies involved in digital marketing.

 FAITS (Faulkner Advisory for IT Studies)

Market research reports covering industry sectors in

information technology, telecommunications, and the
Internet.

 IBISWorld

Market research reports on industries & product

categories. Each report discusses major players
(companies) and brands within the category.

 Mintel Academic (Baruch & SPS users only)

Market research reports, analyst insights, and other media

intelligence on numerous industries (known as “sectors”),
 thematic trends and consumers. Only US and UK
information is provided with the Baruch subscription.

 Passport (Euromonitor) (Baruch & SPS users only)

In addition to industry and product category analysis,

Passport contains excellent and in-depth corporate
reports. Select the "Companies" tab at the top of the page
and type in the company name.

44

SEC FILINGS
Look to the company's annual 10K for an in-depth overview of the
company's finances and activities. In particular, look to:

 Section 1 --  Risk Factors - a discussion of company or industry

operational risks impacting the company.
 Section 7 --  Management Discussion and analysis of corporate
activities
 Section 7A -- An overview of market risk - a discussion of financial
and market factors that could have an impact on the company.

 Mergent Online

Click on the "Annual Reports" tab for 10Ks. Click on the "Filings"
tab other SEC filings.

SEC EDGAR Filings Search

 click +More Search Options.

 In the "Document word or phrase" search box, type the term(s) you
are looking for (e.g. mission).
 In the "Company name, ticker, CIK number or individual's name"
search box, begin typing the company name.
 Select the date range.
  SEC Filings - Newman Library Guide

45

WALL STREET TRANSCRIPTS (EARNINGS CALLS)

 Factiva

Factiva content includes full text Wall Street transcripts for

individual companies. For the most precise search,
- Click "subjects" on the left side. Begin typing earn & click
the blue arrow next to "earnings" from the drop-down.
- Click "subjects" on the left side. Begin typing transc &
click on the blue arrow next to "transcripts" from the drop-
down.
- Click "company" on the left side. Begin typing your
company name. Click on the blue arrow next to your
company.
- Scroll up to the top and type the word and in between
each code. EX: ns=ntra and fds=amzcom and ns=c151
-Select the time-frame (one year, two years, etc.)

 Seeking Alpha

Search for Earnings transcripts. Search for a company

and then screen for transcripts.
Company Websites - See the Investor Relations page(s) for
current Earnings Call transcripts.

46

SWOT REPORTS

 SWOT Analysis: A Guide

 Business Insights: Global

Mouse over the "Companies" tab and select "SWOT Reports"

 Business Source Complete

Type company name into search box and change the drop down
menu from "Select a Field (Optional) to CO Company Entity. Scroll
down and look on the right side for "Publication Type" box. Select
"SWOT Analysis". Scroll back up and click the green search
button.

 FitchConnect

Industry profiles, country risk analysis, financial market reports,

and company profiles with SWOT analysis. Covers 22 industry
sectors in 70 global markets.
47
CONCLUSION

To be successful in sustainable business

practices often requires entrepreneurship and
innovation. This chapter provides an overview
of entrepreneurship and innovation as it relates
to sustainable business. The discussion is most
relevant to sustainable businesses focused on
offering new products and services in response
to societal concerns. The importance of
entrepreneurship and innovation also applies
to companies that change how they produce
products and services. The latter companies
can use innovative practices and
entrepreneurship to establish their brand name
and to be market leaders in doing things that
create shared value for society and their
companies and also, over time, contribute to
changes in practices in their industry.
: “The company's management is optimistic that
it will be able to meet its aggressive sales
targets, with total sales of $10 Million, $15
Million, and $20 Million in 2022, 2023, and 2024,
respectively.

48

We have presented Co Al, our approach to

facilitate the incremental
consolidation of data-intensive Flows. Co
Al starts from data Flows that satisfy
single
information requirements. Iteratively, Co
Al Identifies different possibilities for
integrating
new data Flows into the existing multi-
Flow, focusing on the maximal data Flow
reuse.
Finally, Co Al suggests a unified data Flow
design evaluating it with the user-specified
cost
model. We have developed a prototype that
implements the complete functionality of
Co Al.
We used it to evaluate the efficiency,
scalability, and the quality of the output
solutions of our
approach, reporting the improvement of
the overall execution time as well as other
benifits of
integrated multi- Flows. The final goal of
our overall work is to provide an end-to-
end
platform for self-managing the complete
lifecycle of BI solutions, from information
requirements to deployment and execution
of data-intensive Flow

49

RECOMMENDATION

Recommendations for your

business to succeed
This post has recommendations for a business to be successful
which you might overlook. If you’re an accounting professional
who’s highly passionate about accurate financials, and enjoy
every aspect of your practice, then this applies to you.

There’s something special about growing an accounting

firm which is personally meaningful. You confidently provide a
valuable service, you’re never bored and
your ideas challenge the status quo.

Since you genuinely care about your clients, you’re determined to

give them exceptional service. Plus your work directly contributes
to the overall economy.

50

Passion and responsibility

 always the risk of working on projects you initially think are right
and which you find enjoyable. But when you take a closer look,
you realize these projects don’t advance your firm.

That happens when they:

 Aren’t as profitable as you thought.

 Fail to add value to your clients.

 Don’t attract new, high value clients.

Remember, you are the boss. The growth of your firm relies on
you. As a growth minded accounting professionals, don’t settle
for doing things as you’ve always done. Instead, consistently
strive to improve your impact and effectiveness.

51

Continuously check to verify you’re growing in the right direction.

As you know, sometimes client requests will lead you astray.
Once you’re aware something’s not a fit for your firm, cut it loose
to quickly get back on course.
Check out these recommendations for a business to be
successful. These tips are especially for you – the passionate,
energetic and determined accounting professional – to follow.
They’re your guide to steadily advance your firm and remain on
course.

5 Recommendations for a
Business to Be Successful

1. Talk to your clients

I know many promising accounting professionals who work hard

and play by the book. However they fail to make it in the long-run,
because they don’t recognize the importance of this one tip.

Your firm exists because of your clients. Pay attention to them.

Add this as a
reminder to the top of your daily to-do list.

52
Consistently reaching out to your potential, and current, clients is
a game-changer. Talk to them. Discover where your potential
high value clients hang out. Pay attention to their language. What
concerns do they talk about and how do they express those
concerns?
Follow this advanced move to quickly get their attention. Drop
your industry lingo and talk their talk. For example, many of my
clients don’t like selling. Instead of saying they don’t like selling,
they tell me they don’t like to be salesy. Replace your industry
terms with their phrases. This helps potential clients engage with
your brand and products.

Discovering what works best takes time and effort. Do you know
which social media sites your ideal client prefers? Social media is
a great way to test your messaging. By doing that, you learn
which messages get the best response. This is important
because you’ll get a better response when you figure out how to
communicate what’s valuable to them.

So I challenge you to reach out to your clients and talk to them

this week. Don’t view this as an inconvenience or worry you are
bothering them. They’ll happily answer your questions and be
pleased you asked for their input.

53

2.Showcase your expertise

Improve your expertise. This is one of the best ways to increase
your income. Unfortunately, many accounting professionals forget
about this business growth option.

Bookkeepers, tax advisors and CPA’s who are passionate about

their work run the risk of giving away too much for free. This is a
red flag that you’re under-pricing your services, undervaluing your
time and struggling with low business confidence. You’re

basically telling yourself, and your clients, that your service is not
worth being paid for.

While having freebies and sharing your knowledge with potential

clients is a fantastic way for them to learn how you can help
them, you’ll want to set some limits.

Start to ask yourself how you can specialize. This allows you to
do more of what you do best. Although it seems counter-intuitive,
by narrowing your niche your firm becomes more profitable.

Explore where you can free your time by outsourcing some of

your workload which doesn’t need to be done by you.

Be brutally honest about your special skills.

54
My clients call their special skills their super power, since these
are the things they perform best. It’s easier to educate others
about your super powers when you recognize its value.
Educating others is a sure way to become more trusted in your
niche, gain authority, and attract more opportunities.

3. Define your brand

Do you already earn enough money to live a fulfilling lifestyle?
Everything’s working fine and you don’t feel like growing.

New potential clients consistently reach out to you from various

referral sources. This is evidence that what you are doing is
working.

Got it. As a price and profit coach for accounting professionals, I

encourage you to consider the big picture and your branding.

A well branded firm strategically helps you to rise above others in

a crowded marketplace.

55
Change is constant. Maybe you’re doing well now. Do you
possess a solid plan to ensure you’ll remain busy in a year from
now? A solid brand keeps you, and your
accounting firm, top of mind.
Overall, your brand aligns with your core values. This influences
your messaging and virtual presence. Review your site so every
page consistently reflects your brand.
Tell your story and be authentic.

Your brand extends to your social media presence. Professional

pictures are a powerful way to represent you and your firm. The
details you share about yourself and your firm also establish your
brand. How would your personality and your
values influence your brand?

4. Give people what they want

Consider current trends – are you a follower or a rule breaker?

Instead of following trends, determine what best serves your high
value clients.

It’s okay to be contrary to what’s currently popular.

To offer services your clients want (and thus making sure they
come back to you and tell others about you), talk with your clients
about their current needs. Know your high value client.

56

You’ll want to dedicate some time and resources. Market

research, tracking behavior and surveys are common resources.
They’re designed to identify the needs and
wants of your high value clients.
Once you gather this information, now what? You’ll want to
analyze the results, fine tune the description of your high value
client, and then use that information
to communicate your value.

5. Don’t reinvent the wheel

Growth minded accounting professionals possess a strong vision

about their firm’s success. Maybe you want to influence your
industry standards or elevate the client experience. Well, what’s
your strategy to achieve those results?

Raising the bar to challenge current standards involves risk.

Especially since there’s no guarantee how your new approach
will be received, or how long it will stay on top. So one popular
strategy has you offer something which is already accepted. Then
improve your offer so it’s better than the rest.

This might mean adding advisory services, educating about an

easy solution to an already common problem or combining two
seemingly impossible ideas to create something of high value.
Consider what already exists and how you can improve that
service or experience.

57
LIMITATIONS

1. Accumulation of Large Resources:

The main drawback of the sole trade and partnership concerns
has been the scarcity of resources. The resources of a sole trader
and of partners being limited, these enterprises have always
suffered for want of funds. A company can collect large sum of
money from large number of shareholders. There is no limit on
the number of shareholders in a public company. If need for more
funds arises, the number of shareholders can be increased. Joint
stock companies are suitable for those businesses where large
resources are required

2. Limited Liability:

The liability of members in a company form of organisation is

limited to the nominal value of the shares they have acquired. If a
person has purchased a share of Rs. 100, his liability is limited to
Rs. 100 only. If the share is partly paid, then he can be required to
pay only the unpaid value of the share. In no case the total
payment will exceed Rs. 100.

58

The limited liability encourages many persons to invest in shares

of joint stock companies. Many persons will be reluctant to invest
in those enterprises where liability is unlimited.
 3. Continuity of Existence:

When a company is incorporated, it becomes a separate legal

entity. It is an entity with perpetual succession. The members of a
company may go on changing from time to time but that does not
affect the continuity of a company.

The death or insolvency of members does not in any way affect

the corporate existence of the company. The continuity of a
company is not only in the interests of the members but is also
beneficial for the society. The discontinuation of a company may
cause wastage of resources and inconvenience to the consumers.

59

4. Efficient Management:
In company form of organisation, ownership is separate from
management. It enables the company to appoint expert and
qualified persons for managing various business functions.

The availability of large-scale resources enables the company to

attract talented persons by offering them higher salaries and
better career opportunities. The efficient management will help
the company to expand and diversify its activities.

5. Economies of Large Scale Production:

With the availability of large resources, the company can organise

production on a big scale.

The increase in scale and size of the business will result in

economies in production, purchase, marketing and management,
etc.

60

These economies will enable the company to produce goods at a

lower cost, thus resulting in more profits. The company will help
consumers by providing them with cheaper goods and will also be
able to accumulate more resources for further expansion.

6. Transferability of Shares:

The shares of a public company are freely transferable. A

shareholder can dispose of his shares at any time when the
market conditions are favourable or he is in need of mone.The
company does not return share-money before its winding up but
shareholders can easily sell their shares through stock exchange
markets.

7. Ability to Cope with Changing Business

Environments:

The present business enterprises operate under uncertain

economic and technological environments. Technological changes
are taking place every day.

61
BIBLIOGRAPHY

The following books are referred during the analysis and execution phase of the

project

1. M. Lenzerini, “Data integration: A theoretical perspective,” in PODS, 2002, pp.

233–246.

2. D. Caruso, “Bringing Agility to Business Intelligence,” February 2011, Information

Management,http://www.information-management.com/infodirect/2009191/

business

intelligence metadata analytics ETL data management-10019747-1.html.

3. R. Hughes, Agile Data Warehousing: Delivering world-class business intelligence

systems

62
using Scrum and XP. IUniverse, 2008.

systems:

A cross-industry study of map reduce workloads,” Proceedings of the VLDB

Endowment,

WEBLINKS:

1. www.c#tutorial.com - covering all the most important C# concepts.

This tutorial is primarily for new users.

2 .www.DotnetSpider.com - what is the .NET all about? For sample

projects.

63

QUESTIONNAIRE
COMPUTER FOR EYES?

They certainly can be! Computer Vision Syndrome/Digital Eye Strain is a

real issue. Prolonged use of electronics can cause eye strain, headaches,
blurred vision, dry eyes, neck and shoulder pain, and degrading vision.
Your eyes are constantly focusing and refocusing when looking at a screen
and moving between electronic work and the outside world. They have to
adjust and work hard to see properly. Poor lighting, glare on a screen,
improper viewing distances, poor seating posture, uncorrected vision
problems, and a combination of all these can contribute to negative
symptoms.

WHAT IS MANAGED IT SERVICE?

Managed IT service involves a business partnering with an outside IT

company to oversee and manage all of their technology (and sometimes
overall company) needs. It can act as a replacement for or supplement to
an internal IT person or team.
A flat-rate service also gives a predictable monthly IT budget that does not
fluctuate, even during heavy use.
Some managed service providers go beyond just keeping your technology
running, and focus on designing IT solutions to help achieve business
goals.

64
Customer relationships  ?

Customer relationship with the company is one of

the most important parameters that can build a
business or destroy a business. To understand
where you stand, the Net Promoter Score
(NPS) needs to be identified. Asking questions
using the NPS survey to gather such data can
help you build a long-lasting relationship with the
customer and make them your brand
ambassadors who recommend you to their
friends and colleagues.

customer service ?

Customer service leads to customer satisfaction.

If a customer is satisfied, they would keep
coming back to you for more and promote your
business. A happy customer is a loyal customer.
Using business survey questions in customer
satisfaction surveys or customer service surveys,
calculate customer satisfaction scores (CSAT)
and customer effort scores (CES). You can use
this data to improve customer satisfaction
through excellent customer service.

Understand feedback ?

Feedback is what changes the entire business strategy. When you know
what is going wrong, you can improve or correct it. Use business survey
questions in feedback surveys such as product satisfaction surveys to
gather feedback from existing customers and prospective customers to
better your product or service and retain customers through customer loss
surveys.

65
Productivity  ?

A happy workforce is directly proportional to

business success. If the employees are not
satisfied, the business will not provide value to its
customers. Hence, to understand your
employees’ satisfaction level, employee
satisfaction survey questions can be asked to
your employees, increasing productivity and
branding.

How satisfied are you with your experience?

Very good

How satisfied are you with customer support?

Needs some improvement

Did we answer all of your concerns?

Not all but almost

How can your business be more helpful?

Listening to customers and clients