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FINAL PROJECT Project Management Resubmission
FINAL PROJECT Project Management Resubmission
Project Management
Highlight part is done again below by Waqar haider, Awais Mir, Haseeb rehman
and Shehzi
JUNE Sultan
2, 2022
Group Members
Waqar haider 1811199
Haseeb Ur Rehman 1811124
Saif Ali Khan 1811527
Awais Alam 1611170
Shehzi Sultan 1711219
Mujahid Hussain 1811254
1
Table of Contents
1: Introduction (Shehzi Sultan and Awais Alam)....................................................................................2
2: Initiation..............................................................................................................................................2
2.1: Business Case...............................................................................................................................2
2.2: Stakeholders.................................................................................................................................2
3: PLANNING (Saif Ali Khan)...............................................................................................................4
3.1 Project Management Plan:.............................................................................................................4
4: Execution (Haseeb ur Rehman)...........................................................................................................7
4.1: Direct and manage project execution............................................................................................7
5: Monitoring and controlling (Waqar Haider)........................................................................................9
5.1: Project scope.................................................................................................................................9
6: Closing and Handover (Mujahid Hussain).........................................................................................11
6.1: Final product evaluation.............................................................................................................11
2
2: Initiation
2.1: Business Case
Heathrow Terminal 5 is one of the busiest Airports in UK, it provides internationally flights; this
project intends to fulfill the customers’ needs, additional satisfaction and provide best airport
service in the world. As it provides better opportunities for their customers, it may further
succeed through offering improved services and innovative facilities in this Airline and also
through controlling and overseeing the duties and performance of Heathrow terminal staff as
well.
2.2: Stakeholders
In this project Heathrow Terminal 5 there are different stakeholders internally and externally
some of which are given below;
1. Directors.
2. Shareholders of T5.
3. Workers (Trade union groups).
4. Customers.
5. Key suppliers.
6. Local community.
7. Airlines in one world alliance.
Project charter
4
In 1993 BAA submits a planning application after that in 1995 public inquiry of Terminal
5 begins which finished in 1999. In the history of UK this is the longest inquiry ever. Then it was
approved in 2001 from secretary of state for transport. Then in 2002 its construction begins. The
plan was to divide it into 5 different key stages:
1. Preparing the site to start the activities. This included many archeological excavation,
construction of site roads, logistic centers and offices. From July 2002 – July 2003.
2. In this stage main groundworks are done like rail tunnels, drainage, terminal basement
and connection of substructures. From Nov 2002 – Feb 2005.
3. In this stage major structures were built like course A and course B. course A was main
terminal building and course B was first satellite. From 2003 – 2006.
4. In this stage different electronic systems were put in like, track transit people mover
system, the baggage system etc. From Feb 2005 – Sept 2007.
5. In this phase operational readiness was implemented. In which systems were tested, staffs
were trained, ensured that infrastructure was fully complete. From Oct 2007 – Mar 2008.
3.4: WBS
3.5: HR Planning:
The execution of the project was followed by phases of processes as given below:
Quality assurance was an essential part in the building of Terminal 5. The deliverables were kept
in mind and potential risks were also measured and minimized. A culture of accountability of
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each stakeholder was established and project managers worked hard on increasing efficiency and
vigilance of the team members.
This was done using a quality framework design that ensured that each team member was
appointed for the task according to their expertise in the field to maximize human resource. There
was regular reporting of details of statistical data of the project and communicated to all
stakeholders. Any mistake, incompetence was identified and rectified to streamline the processes.
With the help of the stakeholders, BAA introduced the T5 agreement, in which they decided to
take on the risk of all project contracts and developed the concept of assimilating teams with
stakeholders such as developers, constructors, designers, and builders to shape a relationship of
partnership. Stakeholders stated that they were primarily concerned with reducing project risks,
and that is why the incorporated team was required to be on the same page and be well-versed in
the overall factors and characteristics involved.
An efficient communication strategy was planned by the project manager in order for team
members to have a greater comprehension and coordination, and a good communication strategy
is critical among team members/stakeholders/customers/clients.
The goal of the communication strategy is to improve communication among project team
members while also keeping track of the project's progress and challenges. As a result, the need
for a communication strategy for Heathrow Terminal-5 was evaluated based on the occurrence of
activities and the certainty of task completion during the various phases.
The act or practice of managing these risks is known as risk management. It entails risk planning,
risk identification, risk analysis, risk response planning, and risk assessment and analysis to
determine how risks have been modified.
The goal of project managers of Terminal 5 was to ensure potential issues that may arise during
the project life cycle so that risk can be monitored and controlled throughout the process. Risk
management is an integral part that was performed all across the life cycle of the project,
beginning with the planning phase. Risk management is made up of the following processes:
4.6: Identifying the Risk
* Risk Reduction
60 Aircraft stands
Baggage handling system
600 Bed hotel
4000 Space car park
Road and rale extension
Air traffic control tower
2 River diversions
Major tunnelling and excavation
Complete new drainage system
Gain the trust and support of key stakeholders
All of these goals must be met in seven years, with a budget of GBP 4.3 billion.
5.2: Monitor and control risks
Monitoring
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Each project team for instance baggage, construction, luggage, train etc record measure and
monitor each project performance on monthly basis each project has different supervisors. And
the major performance measures are reported as a Balanced Scorecard on a monthly basis. And
to ensure adherence to plan contractors are given bonuses if the complete their task on time and
on budget. For quality assurance managers set an offsite assembly and testing, that was separate
from construction site.
Control risk
For risk control terminal 5 all the projects from construction, designing, engineering and
architecture. All these were integrated to each other, for instance there was an incident during
construction a tunnel collapse fortunately no loss of life has happen, and no one blame each other
and start working again as a team and worked collectively. And to mitigate cost the uses JIT
inventory system. To reduce risk, Terminal 5 has worked with the same supplier for the past five
years since he is familiar with the project and does not experience delays in material and
equipment delivery. A crew was assigned to monitor the budget and visit the site every two
months to ensure that everything was completed on schedule and on budget.
Project Management
Contents
1: Monitoring and controlling (Waqar Haider part).................................................................3
1: Verify Project scope.................................................................................................................3
1.2: Monitoring............................................................................................................................3
1.3: Control risk...........................................................................................................................6
1.4: Manage project team.............................................................................................................6
1.5: Manage stakeholder expectation...........................................................................................7
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A total of 40,000 of steel were used to create 280,000m₂ of space in the main terminal buildings
T5A and form a clear span roof 156m × 396m to enclose it. This affected structure is the main
point of the T5 and was required to provide a hospitable, friendly and efficient interchange for
departing, arrivals and transferring passengers.
Departing passengers arrive in T5A on bridges from the rail interchange forecourt and car park
and then check in and clear security on the upper level, from there they either proceed to the
middle level of T5A or via track transit system to T5B for gate filling and retail space, arriving
passengers use the lower level of T5A to clear immigration collect their bags and move out
towards surface transport for their onward journey.
Initiation
Business Case
Heathrow Terminal 5 is one of the busiest Airports in UK, it provides internationally flights; this
project intends to fulfill the customers’ needs, additional satisfaction and provide best airport
service in the world. As it provides better opportunities for their customers, it may further
succeed through offering improved services and innovative facilities in this Airline and also
through controlling and overseeing the duties and performance of Heathrow terminal staff as
well.
Stakeholders
17
In this project Heathrow Terminal 5 there are different stakeholders internally and externally
some of which are given below;
8. Directors.
9. Shareholders of T5.
10. Workers (Trade union groups).
11. Customers.
12. Key suppliers.
13. Local community.
14. Airlines in one world alliance.
Project Charter
Terminal 5
Project charter
Project Development of T5 at Project Laing O'Rourke
title Heathrow Airport manager
Project September 2002 Project end March, 2008
start date date
Business Need
There is extreme need for Terminal 5 in Heathrow airport London to alleviate
congestion by facilitating growth, it helps in summer session when there is tourist
flow it handle huge masses and manage many planes this will eventually achieve
Economies of scale. And make greatest airports in the worlds and improving
Scalability.
Project scope Deliverables
Environmentally friendly terminal-5
Construction of main terminal building with better quality and services.
building, satellite building, Sixty aircraft stands which can adopt
control towers, aircraft stands, most advanced aircrafts and runway
multi-story car park, road & rail connections.
infrastructures, runways. Passenger capacity enhancement.
Maintenance of terminal after Modern Air Traffic Control tower, new
handling it over to BAA. rail station and links to the central
Environmentally friendly London with
terminal 5. Heathrow express and Piccadilly line
Aircraft stands which can adopt extension.
most advanced aircrafts and The new spur road links to M25
runway connections. motorway and its widening to reduce the
traffic
Congestion.
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● The structural complexity was managed by breaking the project down in 4 main areas and
147 subprojects. They had dependencies within these subprojects so they had
arrangements for it as well. The single model environment helped with the structural
complexity using prefabrication in which they assembled the parts off the site where there
was lots of stuff going on already.
● To deal with the socio-political complexity, the T5 agreement and the integrated team
were the innovations that they put in effect. It was the code of behavior about how the
teams are going to work together in a well integrated manner.
● Emerging complexities were dealt by reimbursable contracts between BAA and suppliers
and incentives to innovate during the project and just-in time logistics.
The KPIs are chosen as high standard indicators to guide the major developments of the project
objectives and requirements, making sure that stakeholders are identified, specifications and
standards are agreed upon, examinations and tests are planned to ensure that they are completed
correctly the first time, and work is completed.
The following are some of the best quality assurance practises that BAA followed:
● Identifying and giving the KPI through three main themes: enablers, monitoring progress
and displaying results alongside the life cycle of the project till the completion and
handover of work.
● After detailed conversations and meetings with stakeholders, the performance measures
and procedures are affirmed, followed by supporting documents, a communication
campaign, and training sessions.
● A powerful step in the process is the ongoing tracking and reporting of non-conformance
reports (NCRs), which is accompanied by the cost estimation of non-conformance and
development of the projects using root cause analysis. This creates possibilities for
quality oriented innovations.
BAA felt it wanted a framework to actively mitigate risks on the project to reach the desired
budget, time, and quality outcomes. It created a custom relational contract (T5 agreement) for its
T5 tier 1 suppliers, which include architects and engineering design professionals, as well as
primary and specialized manufacturers and contractors.
Between the suppliers and the client, a fully integrated project team was established. This was
created to reduce conflict between parties by incentivizing collaboration and fostering positive
problem-solving behavior patterns. Suppliers, such as architects, contractors, and consultants,
were co-located and asked to collaborate from the beginning of the project to reduce risk, even
with contractors who had previously been competitors.
Over 1,000 designers worked on 16 different projects, all organizations who were competitors
came under the T5 agreement and worked as a well integrated team.
An efficient communication strategy was planned by the project manager in order for team
members to have a greater comprehension and coordination, and a good communication strategy
is critical among team members/stakeholders/customers/clients.
The goal of the communication strategy is to improve communication among project team
members while also keeping track of the project's progress and challenges. As a result, the need
for a communication strategy for Heathrow Terminal-5 was evaluated based on the occurrence of
activities and the certainty of task completion during the various phases.
5. Risk Management
An efficient risk management strategy influences the level of uncertainty in a project in a positive
(decreasing) way. The Heathrow Terminal 5 program's risk management strategy included
numerous concepts, tools, and techniques, and it has since become a benchmark for risk
management that businesses all over the world have adopted.
22
The project's decision-making procedure was decentralized, with specialized contractors wielding
significant decision-making authority. Furthermore, those decisions have been made using the
LRM approach, that "mapped out the most recent date" on which critical decisions would be
made. This technique reduced the risk of squandering time, money, and other resources due to
rash decisions followed by changes in circumstances.
Aside from LRM, the project's risk management plan also included aggregation of supplier risks
(risk pooling). The law of variance pooling describes the benefits of aggregation, the most
important of which is a lower level of uncertainty when it comes to risks. According to Pretorius
(2008), even a "relatively small number of assets can eliminate a very large proportion of
return/risk uncertainty" in a portfolio of diversified risks.
Furthermore, BAA was the sole owner of all risks in the project, which meant they were
responsible for every issue that arose in various areas of the project. Contractors could have
concentrated on their project tasks (reduced variability), and BAA had total control over all
procedures (reduced uncertainty, lower risk hideability, concentrate on the entire system, higher
risk assessment team engagement due to sole responsibility).
SR OBJECTIVES/DELIVERABLES/DEADLINES
NO
1 Handle 35 million passengers annually
2 Planned to opened in March 2008/ Budget GBP 4.3 Billion
3 60 aircraft stands
4 Baggage handling system
5 4000 space car parking
6 Road and rale extension/ air traffic control tower
7 2 rivers diversion
8 Major tunnel and excavation
9 New drainage system
10 Gain the trust and support of key stakeholders
To ensure adherence allowances were given to the worker who ever complete work on time and within
allocated budget he will be get benefit.
Monthly performance of construction, design, architecture, baggage was checked by unit supervisors
illustrated below.
25
Progress Monitoring
Construction
Monitor
Progress
Train/ tunnel
These both were considered Monitor
Progress
to be most essential part of
the project because both link
to all the existing terminals.
Luggage
Monitor Engineers and contractor were
Progress given task to check that the
design of luggage system is
aligning with assigned design
Design
Monitor
The progress team ensures
Progress
that the terminal's design
adheres to established criteria.
Monitor
Progress
26
Conventional Terminal 5
Client Client
Integrated
Project
Management
Partner/
Contractor stakeholder
Risk Risk
Client dump risk on customers .clients and stakeholder both bear
Price in advance risk equally.
Success driven
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Define
schedule, task
Define needs within
Establish
roles and team
KPI, S and
responsibil
KRA, S
ities
Construction
of Terminal5/
shared
information to
Set up a
stakeholders communication
plan
Budget and
cost
Changes
Risk and and
issues escalation