REVIEWER IN SCIENCE 5 Extensive properties depend on how

much matter is present in a material.

Solid has definite shape and volume. It has
particles that are packed closely together
and usually arranged in a regular pattern
Liquid has definite volume, but has no fixed
shape. It has particles that can move and
are in close contact
Gas has no definite volume and shape. It
has particles that are widely separated
Physical Property is the characteristic of
matter that can be observed or measured
without changing the composition of an
object. Like color, size, texture hardness
and brittleness.
Intensive and Extensive - Classification of
physical property
Intensive Property does not depend on
how much matter is present.
Conductivity is the ability of objects to
allow heat or electricity to pass through
them.
Mass is the amount of matter in an object. It
can be measured using a balance. (SI unit -
Kg)
Volume is the space occupied by matter.
The volume of liquids can be measured
using the graduated cylinder, beaker and
volumetric flask.
Volume = Length x Width x Height -
formula in calculating the Volume of a
Rectangular Piece of Solid
Chemical Property is a characteristic that
can be observed when a material is
changed into a new substance. It refers to
the property of matter in which substances
interact with other substances to undergo a
change in a composition.
REACTIVITY is the ability of an iron to react
to oxygen to form rust. Ability of matter to
change in composition as shown by
changes in its physical characteristics.

Metals are the most conductive material Flammability is ability of material to burn or
compared to wood, ceramics & plastics. ignite. It is the ability of the material to catch
fire easily from a minimum source.
Viscosity is the property of a liquid that
determines how fast or slowly it will flow. Propane is an example of flammable
substances which is used for car and gas
Solubility is the ability of a substance the tank in your house.
solute to be dissolved by another substance
the solvent.
Water is considered as the universal
solvent.
Sugar, salt, food coloring, and coffee
powder are highly soluble in water.
Sand is least soluble in water.
Solute is a substance being dissolved in
another substance.
Solvent is a substance in which other
substances are dissolved
Metals are good conductors of heat and
electricity
Insulators are materials that do not conduct
heat or electricity
Vital Materials are things that have great
worth and something which is difficult to be
thrown away. These are food, shelter and
clothing which are considered as basic
needs.
Essential Materials are things that are
considered as necessities. They are needed
thus, they should be existing. Sunlight,
water and oxygen are some of the essential
materials that should be existing because
the keep you alive and healthy.
Desirable Materials are things that you want
to have because you consider them useful
and important. Home appliances and some
personal gadgets fall under this category.
Rubber is a flexible material that exhibits
elasticity. It is able to return to its original
shape after being stretched.
The best-known rubber is natural rubber,
which is made from the milky latex of the
rubber tree. The electrical resistance of
rubber makes it useful as an electrical
insulator.
Rubber is mostly used in tires. It is also
used to make belts, hoses, gaskets, shoes,
slippers, clothing, furniture and toys.
Toxic materials are poisonous can harm
living things.
Cleaning products such as bleaching
agents, laundry detergents, and
dishwashing liquids are examples of
household products with harmful
substances.
Insecticides sprays and paint products are
also poisonous. Store all poisonous in a
safe containers and places. Dispose them
properly after use to prevent contamination
and pollution of the water, air and soil.
Human activities have caused changes that
affected the condition of the air, water, and
land. It is everybody's concern to prevent
the harmful effects of the changes that take
place in the environment.
Prevent pollution by keeping our
environment clean Everyone must practice
proper waste management from collection
transport. processing, up to the disposal of
waste materials.
There are different ways to manage
garbage. The most environmentally friendly
ways are the five 5R’s -reduce, reuse,
recycle, recover, and repair.
Reduce - means limiting the use of
materials.
● People should make less waste. For
example, buy items with little or no
packaging, use rechargeable batteries, use
existing products longer, share items with
other people. or decide not to purchase
additional piece of clothing. When you use
less resources. you reduce the amount of
wastes you make too.
● Reuse -means using again the materials
for other purpose.
Materials that you normally throw away can
be reused. For example, use lunch boxes or
plastic containers multiple times instead of
throwing them away after one use. Instead
of buying paper cups or plastic cups, you
can reuse mugs or water bottles.
● Recycle - means using the materials for
kind of product.
Paper, plastic, metals, and glass are
recyclable items. You recycle materials
when you turn them into another useful
item. Segregate glass materials and metal
scraps and bring them to a junk shop. They
are brought to factories that mold them into
new glass bottles and new metal sheets.
Old newspapers are recycled into a new
kind of paper product. Plastic bottles can be
used as containers to grow plants.
● Cardboard boxes can be recycled into
greeting cards. Tin cans can be used as
organizers. All recyclable products use a
code or symbol to make recycling easier.
The symbol shown on the right means that
the product can be used many
● Recover - making a new and different
means fixing the material to make it useful
again.
Some materials that are thrown can still be
recovered by having them processed.
Functioning parts of computers and gadgets
can be reclaimed when sold in shops and
be made usable again.
● Repair - means returning the material to
its original state or condition.
Broken things add to the garbage problem.
Try repairing broken or malfunctioning
resources instead of buying new ones.
Repair broken straps of bags, loose or tight
clothes, and broken shoes. Have a plumber
fix a leaking faucet.
The beef and vegetables had undergone
chemical change.
Chemical change results in the production
of a substance that is completely different
from the original material.
SIGNS OF CHEMICAL CHANGE
Change in Color
A change in color may indicate a chemical
change. The browning of apple after being
cut apple. When you slice an apple, it will
eventually burn brown because the iron
found in the apple reacts with the oxygen in
the air. A green leaf that has turned yellow
is another example of chemical change.
Change in Odor
It only takes one sniff to know that a fruit is
rotten. When fruits, milk, and other food
products smell different from the usual, they
may have undergone chemical change. The
foul smell of spoiled food warns you that it is
not safe to eat the food anymore. Eating
spoiled food may result to food poisoning.
Production of Gases or Solid Precipitates
The bubbles that are created when an
antacid is dropped into a glass of water
show a chemical change. Chemical
changes may also produce solid particles
called precipitates. An example of a
precipitate is ash.
Loss of Original Form
As a piece of wood burns, gas is released
and ashes are formed. The physical
features of the wood cannot be seen
anymore after it is burned. The wood cannot
be restored to its original form as a log.
Energy Absorbed or Released
Energy may be absorbed during a chemical
change. When you bake a bread, heat is
absorbed by the batter as it absorbs by the
bread.
Energy may also be released during a
chemical change. Fireworks release heat,
light and sound energy during chemical
change.
Conditions that Bring about Chemical
Change
What makes a chemical change happen?
Why does chemical change occur?
Rust is formed when iron is exposed to
oxygen. This process is called oxidation.
When iron reacts with oxygen, iron oxide
forms. Iron oxide is more commonly known
as rust.
The same thing happens when other
substances are exposed to oxygen. Metals
corrode and jewelry tarnish.
When paper is burned, gas is released and
ash is formed. The physical changes cannot
be seen anymore. The paper turns into ash
that is different in color, appearance, and
composition.
Keeping green mangoes in a sack of rice
causes them to ripen faster.
REVIEWER TEST
IDENTIFY IF THE PHYSICAL PROPERTY
IS INTENSIVE AND EXTENSIVE.
_____________ mass
_____________odor
_____________ combustibility
_____________ solubility
_____________ malleability
_____________ weight
_____________ length and width
_____________ height
_____________ boiling point
_____________ viscosity
_____________ freezing point
_____________ conductivity
_____________ volume

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