DR. ARSENIO C.

NICOLAS INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Brgy. Pandanan Calauag , Quezon

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE 12

TOPIC: HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINES POLITICS

Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy (1869- 1964)

. Emilio Aguinaldo was the first of the great Filipino revolutionaries

and a forerunner of the band of Asian patriots who fought in the
20th century to free their countries from colonial domination. He
led the Filipino revolt against Spain in 1896, fighting with a
collection of barefoot peasants.

. Emilio Aguinaldo fought for a free and independent Philippines,

first against Spain and then against the United States. When the
Philippines declared itself an independent republic in 1898 and
Aguinaldo became its president, a significant milestone was
reached in the struggle against colonial rule in Asia.

CONTIBUTIONS AND ACHIEVEMENTS:

• first (and only) president of the First Republic

• sign the Pact of Biak- na- Bato , creating a truce between the Spanish and Philippines
revolutionaries
• known as the President of the Revolutionary Government
• led the Philippines the Spanish – Philippine War and the American – Philippine War
• youngest president, taking office at age 28
 • longest-lived president, passing away at 94

MANUEL L. QUEZON (1935 -1944)

. Quezon fought for passage of the Tidings

McDuffie Act (1934), which provided for full
independence for the Philippines 10 years
after the creation of a constitution and the
establishment of a Commonwealth
government that would be the forerunner
of an independent republic.

. Quezon was elected president of the newly

formulated Commonwealth on September
17, 1935. As president he recognized the
islands’ military defense (aided by U.S. Gen
Douglas MacArthur as his special adviser),
tackled the huge problem of landless
peasants in the countryside who still worked
as tenants on large estates, promoted the
settlement and development of the large
southern island of Mindanao, and fought
graft and corruption in the government. A
new national capital, later known as Quezon
City ,was built in a suburb of Manila

CONTRIBUTIONS AND ACHIEVEMENTS:

first Senate president elected as President of the Philippines

first president elected through a national election
first president under the Commonwealth
Ocreated National Council of Education
initiated women’s suffrage in the Philippines during the Commonwealth
approved Tagalog /Filipino as the national language of the Philippines
appears on the twenty – peso bill
a province, a city, a bridge and a university in Manila are named after him
his body lies within the special monument on Quezon Memorial Circle