1.

MERANAO

The Maranao people (Maranao: ['mәranaw]; Filipino: Maranaw[2]), also spelled Meranao, Maranaw,

and Mëranaw, is the term used by the Philippine government to refer to the southern indigenous
people who are the "people of the lake", a predominantly-Muslim Lanao province region of
the Philippine island of Mindanao. They are known for their artwork, weaving, wood, plastic and metal
crafts and epic literature, the Darangen. They are ethnically and culturally closely related to the Iranun,
and Maguindanao, all three groups being denoted as speaking Danao languages and giving name to the
island of Mindanao.

2.MAGUINDANAO

The Maguindanao people are an Austronesian ethnic group from the Philippines. The Maguindanaon are
part of wider political identity of Muslims of Mindanao, Sulu and Palawan known as Moro, who
constitute the third largest ethnic group of Mindanao, Sulu and Palawan. The Maguindanaons are
constitute the sixth largest Filipino ethnic group and are known for their distinguished in the realm of
visual art. Historically, they have been renowned as metalworkers, producing the wavy-
bladed keris ceremonial swords and other weapons, as well as gongs. The Maguindanaos historically had
an independent Sultanate known as Sultanate of Maguindanao which comprises Maguindanao del
Norte, Maguindanao del Sur, Zamboanga Peninsula, Davao Region and Soccsksargen.The name
"Maguindanao" itself was corrupted by Spanish sources into "Mindanao", which became the name for
the entire island of Mindanao.

3.TAUSŪG

The Tausūg or Suluk (Tausug: Tau Sūg), are an ethnic group of the Philippines and Malaysia. A small

population can also be found in the northern part of North Kalimantan, Indonesia. The Tausūg are part
of the wider political identity of Muslims of Mindanao, Sulu and Palawan. Most of the Tausugs have
converted into the religion of Islam whose members are now more known as the Moro group, who
constitute the third largest ethnic group of Mindanao, Sulu and Palawan.[citation needed] The Tausugs
originally had an independent state known as the Sultanate of Sulu, which once exercised sovereignty
over the present day provinces of Basilan, Palawan, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, Zamboanga City, North
Kalimantan and the eastern part of the Malaysian state of Sabah (formerly North Borneo).

4.SAMAL

The Sama, also called Samal or Isama, is one of three ethnic groups in the Sulu Archipelago, the others
being the Yakan and the Tausug. The etymological origin of the word is not yet clear, although one
conjecture is that “Sama” may have derived from the word sama-sama, meaning “togetherness.” The
language of the Sama is Siama or Sinama, also called Bahasa Sama, Bisla Sinama, and Pamong Sinama.
Other groups speaking the Sinama language or variations thereof are the Sama Dilaut, also known
as Badjao, the Jama Mapun (West Sama) of Cagayan island, the Yakan, and the Balangingi of the Samales
Island group.
5.YAKAN

The Yakan people are among the major indigenous Filipino ethnolinguistic groups in the Sulu
Archipelago. Having a significant number of followers of Islam, it is considered one of the
13 Moro groups in the Philippines. The Yakans mainly reside in Basilan but are also in Zamboanga City.
They speak a language known as Bissa Yakan, which has characteristics of both Sama-
Bajau Sinama and Tausug (Jundam 1983: 7-8). It is written in the Malayan Arabic script, with adaptations
to sounds not present in Arabic (Sherfan 1976).

The Yakan have a traditional horse culture. They are renowned for their weaving traditions.
[4] Culturally, they are Sama people who eventually led a life on land, mostly in Basilan and Zamboanga
city. They are included as part of the Sama ethnic group, which includes the Bajau, Dilaut, Kalibugan, and
other Sama groups.

6.SANGIL

Concentrations of Sangil inhabit the islands of Balut and Sarangani, as well as, parts of the coastal region
of South Cotabato and Davao del Sur provinces. Sangil descended from Sangihe, an archipelago in
Eastern Indonesia, from where they hailed; the tribe was already Muslim long before they came to the
Philippines and, ahead of the introduction of Islam to Mindanao. Sangil, an Austronesian language,
appears to have an affinity to Sama, with regards to the pronunciation of words, manner of speaking,
and vocabulary.

Primary subsistence of the Sangil revolve around fishing and lowland, intensive agriculture and
horticulture. Boat-building is also a prime activity, such as vintas and pump boats. Traditionally, local
village groups were comprised of exogamous matrilineages; (normal) Filipino bilateral relationships
developed later.

7.PALAWANO

The Palawan tribal people, also known as the Palawano or the Palaw'an, are an indigenous ethnic group
of the Palawan group of islands in the Philippines. Palawanos are more popularly known as Palawans,
which is pronounced faster than the name of the province.

8.BADJAO

The Badjaos that are found in Davao City are known as sea gypsies and were formally boat dwelling
people. They originated from Zamboanga, Basilan, Jolo and Tawi Tawi which make up the Sulu
Archipelago in Mindanao. The Badjaos are the poorest and most marginalized ethnic group in Southeast
Asia.

9.KALIBUGAN
Kalibugan “Kalibuga” (Kolibugan) means “mixed breed” and refers to the Subanun of the Philippines
who have intermarried with the Tausug and Samal. Kalibugan, who number about 15,000, live in villages
on the coast in western Mindanao. Most have converted to Islam. Their culture shares elements with
those of Subanun, Tausug, and Samal.

10.JAMA MAPUN

Is the native inhabitants of the Cagayan de Tawi-Tawi (Cagayan de Sulu) or Mapun and the Turtle Island
where it is closest to Sabah, Malaysia. They are also found in northern Palawan and other nearby
islands.

Jama Mapun is from the word Jama meaning people, and Mapun which indicates the name of the Island
Municipality of Mapun, thus called the “People of Mapun” . They are one of the Bangsamoro Ethnic
tribes in the Philippines. They are the Sama-speaking people widely known for their creativity and
traditions.Their spoken language is called Pullun Mapun meaning Mapun Language.They speak a Sama-
Bajau language of the Austronesian language family, and most are adherents of Islam.

The Jama Mapun are socially independent, peaceful and creative people. Some of their principal
economic activities are dry-rice agriculture, copra production, and trading.

11.IRANUN

The Iranun are a Moro ethnic group native to Mindanao, Philippines (in Maguindanao del

Norte: Barira, Buldon, Parang, Matanog, Sultan Mastura, and Sultan Kudarat; North
Cotabato: Alamada, Banisilan, Carmen, Libungan, and Pigcawayan; Lanao del
Norte: Kauswagan and Kolambugan; Lanao del Sur: Balabagan, Bumbaran,
and Picong; Bukidnon: Kalilangan; Zamboanga del Sur: Pagadian City, San
Pablo, Dumalinao, Dimataling and Tukuran) (the west coast of Sabah, Malaysia (in which they are found
in 25 villages around the Kota Belud and Lahad Datu districts; also in Kudat and Likas, Kota Kinabalu but
there are also Iranun communities in other parts of Malaysia ), There are Iranun communities
in Indonesia especially Riau Islands, Sumatra, Kalimantan whom adopted the Melayu Timur identity and
language but still used the Iranun at the same time.

12.KALAGAN

The Kalagan (also spelled Kagan, Kaagan, or by the Spanish as Caragan) are a subgroup of the Mandaya-

Mansaka people who speak the Kalagan language. The Kalagan comprise three subgroups which are
usually treated as different tribes: the Tagakaulo, the Kagan, and the Kal’lao people of Samal. They are
native to areas within Davao del Sur, Compostela Valley, Davao del Norte (including Samal
Island), Davao Oriental, and North Cotabato; between the territories of the Blaan people and the
coastline. They were historically composed of small warring groups.[2] They are renowned as
agriculturalists, cultivating rice, corn, abaca, and coconut for cash crops, whereas their counterparts
living along the coast practice fishing.

13.MOLBOG

The Molbog or Molebuganon occupy Balabac Island south of the Palawan mainland. Mapun, which is
spoken in Cagayan de Sulu, is used as an alternative for Molbog due to Balabac’s proximity to the
Mindanao islands.

The Molbog are said to be migrants from northern Borneo. The Molbog have come to acquire the
Visayan-Muslim culture, which is close to them, rather than the Tagalog-Christian culture pervading in
most of Palawan.