8

AGRICULTURE AND FISHERY

Crop Production
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
Interpret Plans and Drawings
Apply Measures in Farm Operations
Week 3 and 4
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and evaluated by the Development and Quality
Assurance Teams of SDO TAPAT to assist you in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to
keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore,
you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and
independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the
learning resource while being an active learner.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module.
Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let’s Try before moving on to the other activities included in
the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult
your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 Let’s Learn

This module was prepared and written to help you achieve the required
competency in preparing crop production. This will be the source of information for
you to acquire knowledge and skills in this particular craft, with minimum
supervision or help from your teacher. With the aid of this material you will acquire
the competency independently and at your own pace.

WEEK 3

The module is divided into 1 learning outcome;

 Learning Outcome 1 – Layout garden plots

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. design farm plants and layouts according to the crop grown
2. follow strictly planting system and practices to approved cultural
practices
3. interpret irrigation system plan according to

WEEK 4
The module is divided into two learning outcomes, namely:
 Learning Outcome 1 – Determine Areas Of Concerns For Safety Measures
 Learning Outcome 2 - Apply Appropriate Safety Measures

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify work tasks in line with farm operations
2. determine place for safety measures in line with farm operations
3. wear outfits according to farm required
4. observe strictly thee effectivity/shelf life/expirations materials
5. Follow emergency procedures to ensure a safe work requirements
6. Report hazards in the workplace in the farm guidelines
WEEK 3

Let’s Try

Directions:

Interpret the drawing below:

7m

A B C D E F

6m

1m 5m 1m 1m

Legend

Plants

Make your own interpretation:

1. What is your area?

2. How many rows are there in the area?
3. How many plants are there in a row?
4. How many plants are there in the area?
5. What is the distance between plants per row?
6. What is the distance between hills?
7. How many plants are there in row A?
8. What is the length of the area?
9. What is the width of the area?
10. How many plants are needed in row A, B, C?
Lesson INTERPRET PLANS AND
3 DRAWINGS
Introduction
The Farming for the Future {FFTF} program can help you to plan the best
farm layout. It is an initiative of NSW Government agencies focusing on whole farm
planning. A whole farm plan considers the farm’s physical ,human/personal personal
resources for both now and the future.
Learning Outcome 1 – Layout garden plots
Learning Objectives:
1. Design farm plants and layouts according to the crop grown.
2. Follow strictly planting system and practices to approved cultural practices.
3. Interpret irrigation system plan according to:

Let’s recall

Directions: Write and answer it in your notebook.

1. What are different types of testing the viability of seeds?

Let’s Explore

Directions:
Make reflection paper on the importance of following the proper distance of
planting. Send it in your Google classroom or messenger.

Let’s Elaborate

Interpret Plans and Layout

The success of an Agricultural enterprise largely depends on proper location.

The location dictates the cost of product, operation, harvesting and transplanting
accessibility to inputs and others, if you already own a farm, select the kind of
variety best adapted to the place.
A. FACTORS IN SELECTING FARM

1. Climate – condition in the locality determines the kind of crop to

produce.
Example:
A carrot is a cool season while eggplant is warm season.

a. Temperature
b. Rain fall
c. Wind Velocity
d. Relative Humidity

2. Topography – refers to the terrain of the soil whether it is in the hill

or low land. It determines the ease of transporting farm implements
and produce kind of plant.

3. Soil – Characteristics to consider in choosing the crop group.

Example:

Sand, Clay and Loam

Drainage, depth, fertility are the most important in
the soil

4. Accessibility easily reached by vehicles. The nearer the place, the

lesser the transportation.

5. Water supply – distribution and amount of water for irrigation.

6. Socio-economic consideration – to determine the enterprise

considered the following:

a. Peace and order

b. Cost of labor
c. Infectious diseases
d. Price of Land

How Crops are Arrange in Row Planting

Row Planting – is a system of growing plant in a linear pattern at

least in one direction. Crops are planted in rows or straight lines, either
singly or in multiple rows.

Rows Planting Arrangement – Row planted crop are either arrange

in single row or in multiple rows. In row planted trees like coconut, oil
palm and rubber are arrange in square, rectangular, quincunx,
triangular or hexagonal.

Multiple Row Arrangement – is a system of growing crops in blocks

or strip or more rows.

Spatial Arrangement – is the system a portion of the farm area or

any growing surface for crop production.
B. METHODS OF PLANTING

1. Direct planting-seeds are planted directly in the field where they will
grow permanently until harvesting. Usually done the plants with big
seeds such as beans, corn, peanuts, okra, patola, upo and ampalaya.

Seedlings sown in direct planting exceed to normal number of plants,

thinning is done. Thinning is removal or excess seedlings. In the case
of seedling planted in seed boxes or seedbed, pricking-off can be
applied. Pricking-off means planting apart to give the seedlings
greater space.
2. Indirect planting-plants with a small seeds such as cabbage, pechay,
mustard, tomatoes, eggplants and spinach are sown in the seed boxes
or seedbed in rows to produce seedlings, which are transplanted into
field. Seedlings with three or more leaves are now ready for
transplanting.

Transplanting

Transplanting is done when seedlings have attained 12-15 cm in

height and 3-4 leaves have developed.

Steps to follow in transplanting seedlings

1. Water the seedlings before pulling.

2. Pull the seedlings carefully without shaking off the media from the
roots.
3. Plant the seedlings immediately to prevent the roots from drying out.
4. Gently press the soil around the roots.
5. Water the seedlings at the soil surface with a gentle stream of water to
settle the soil around the roots.

A. LAND PREPARATION and PLANTING METHODS

Land preparation is investable in crop production. When properly done, it

can eliminate most of weeds and soil-borne diseases. It also improves the water
holding capacity, drainage and aeration of the soil. Likewise, it makes field
operations, such as furrow irrigation and mechanized weed control easier.

STEPS IN PREPARING THE LAND

1. Clearing- clean the area of weeds, humps, rocks
and other debris by using bolo, sickle and other
tools needed.
2. Tilling –till the land by plowing or by using grub-
hoe or pick mattock depending the physical
condition of soil. Help the plant roots penetrate
deeper into the soil for more nourishment. Tilling
done at the beginning of rainy months. Tilling is
also destroying the weeds.

3. Harrowing-this can be done using a harrow

drawn by an animal or machine. It can pulverize
the soil, level it and remove the plowed weeds.

4. Applying Compost- improves soil fertility and

soil texture. Green manuring is another way of
improving the soil. A process by which a legume
crop is plowed under the soil at is flowering stage
to be decomposed before the planting of crops.

5. Lay outing, staking and marking- eggplants,

okra, and tomatoes are planted in hills while plot
are prepared for leafy vegetables such as
mustard, pechay, and others. Beds are elevated
in order to provide drainage especially during
rainy season.

B. CULTURAL REQUIREMENTS

A. Applying fertilizer

Fertilizer is any organic or inorganic that is added to soil to supply

nutrients to growth of plants. A good fertilization program strives to maintain
the current supply of nutrients to optimum levels. It is achieved by proper
timing and rate of application thus, gives assurance for better yield of the
crops.

Two kinds of fertilizer

1. Organic fertilizer- all natural from vegetable and animal waste and
decomposed plants and animal remains.
 Example: decomposed animal, manure, green manure, worm
castings.

2. Inorganic-man-made fertilizer.

Example: Urea, Ammonium sulfate, pellets, granules or liquid.

Methods of fertilizer:

1. Basal method- fertilizer is applied first

before and during planting.

2. Side-dressing or Top-dressing-
fertilizer is applied to crop that is
already growing in the field.

3. Spraying- starter solution fertilizer

may be sprayed on seedling, poured in
seedbed then into transplant hole at
transplanting time to assure good
seedling vigor and rapid growth of new
plants

Major elements needed by plants:

1. Nitrogen – for healthy growth of leaves and flowers

2. Phosphorous – for good root and stem development
3. Potassium – for better leaves, stems, flowers. It also produces bigger
and heavier fruits.

Fertilizer especially inorganic should be applied in the right amount

and at the proper time or else they will defeat the purpose.

B. Weeding

Weeds are enemies of plants. They lower crop yield and compete with
crops for light and carbon dioxide and water soil nutrients as well.
 Kinds of weeds:
1. Grasses
2. Sedges
3. Broad leaf weeds

Methods of controlling weeds:

1. Mechanical – a method that involves the use of hand pulling, hoeing,
cultivation, mowing, and burning. Tillers drawn by animals or tractors
are used in large scale plantation.
2. Chemical – the method of modern weed control that involves chemical
called herbicides.
3. Biological – this is method that disrupts the ecological status of pests
through the use of organisms that are natural predators, parasites, or
pathogens.

C. Crop Protection

1. Insect pests cause great damage to crops. They chew, suck and lap the
leaves, flowers and fruits hence decreasing the yield and quality of
produce. They also transmit disease to man and crops as well.

Common Insect Pests:

a. Beetles
b. Caterpillar and moth
c. Flies, bean fly, leaf miner
d. True bugs green soldier bug
e. Aphids, hopper and mealy bugs
f. Grasshopper and crickets
g. Ants

Control Methods:
a. Culture Method
 Use of resistant varieties
 Use of crop rotation
 Use of intercropping
 Use of hand picking
 Use of botanical insecticides
b. Chemical Method
c. Biological Method
 Use of plant attractants
Ex. Basil, sunflower, zinnia, cosmos
 Use of trap plants
Ex. Amarillo

Safety measures in using chemicals:

a. Use least hazardous products

b. Dispense and mix chemicals in well-ventilated areas
c. Use appropriate PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
 2. Disease is more harmful than insect pest. Its presence is unnoticed at
first but when noticed, it is already in this advanced stage. Detection of
the causal organism is not easy as well; hence, controlling the disease is
not easy.

D. Harvesting
Production ends at harvest time. Harvest means the careful separation of
commodity from parent plant.
Types of Maturity
1. Physiological maturity- stage of development when the commodity has
attained full growth and development. External and internal characteristics
of fruit allow normal ripening after harvest.

2. Commercial maturity-stage of development when the plant part

possesses the necessary characteristics preferred by consumers

Some pointers for harvesting some crops

1. Tomatoes are harvested before they reach the ripe stage.

2. Cabbages are picked when heads are full grown.
3. Peppers are gathered green but should be allowed to ripen when used for
seasoning.
4. Green beans are best picked before the pods become stringy.
5. Lettuce is gathered before seed stalks begin to develop.
6. Okra is best picked when young and tender.
7. Young corn when harvested early in the morning is sweeter than those
harvested at noon.
8. Pechay and mustard have higher consumer appeal when harvested
between 9:00 am to 3:00 pm because damage in stem and leaves is
lessened.
9. Mangoes should be harvested from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm to minimize latex
flow.
10. Tomatoes are harvested before they reach the ripening stage.

E. Irrigation and Drainage in Agriculture Production

Water is very important to crops. In the absence of rain, irrigation

provides the necessary moisture and carrier of plant food to obtain
maximum growth and development of crops.

Two systems of irrigation

1. Gravity – a system of irrigation that requires a dam to direct the water to
a stream.
2. Pumping – a system of irrigation that uses a pump to draw water either
from a nearby stream or a ground water supply.

Methods of irrigation
1. Surface irrigation – the water is applied on the surface of the soil either in
furrows or by flooding. This is the most economical method of irrigation.

2. Sprinkler or overhead irrigation – the water is applied in the form of a

spray or artificial rain. This method uses water efficiently and the
operation is flexible.

3. Drip irrigation – the water is applied through pipes at calibrated

pressures.

Different Designs of Irrigation System

1. Surface irrigation

1.1 Furrow-only a part of the land surface is watered thus

minimizing evaporation loss.

a. Furrow irrigation by cutting the ridge

b. Furrow irrigation with siphons

1.2 Border irrigation

 Design Parameters of Border Irrigation System

1. Strip with
2. Strip slope
3. Construction of levees
4. Selection of advance stream
5. The length of the strip

1.3 Basin irrigation system

2. Sprinkler Irrigation

Components of sprinkler irrigation system

Types of Conventional Sprinkler System

a. fully portable system

b. semi- portable system
c. fully permanent system

3. Drip irrigation

Component of drip irrigation

Drainage – excess water in the field is removed. Excess water in the field
may damage the crops, cause run off and leaching of soil nutrients.
 Methods of drainage:
1. Natural – the method that drains excess water from the field without the
intervention of man.
2. Artificial – this method may take the form of open ditches and tile drains
or under drains. This is the best method of removing excess water from
the field because water passes down quickly, avoiding the removal of
surface flow.

Let’s Dig In

Directions:
Below are pictures of different crops. Write DP if the method of planting for the said
crop is direct and IP if it is indirect. Write your answer in separate sheet of paper.
Submit it in your Google classroom o messenger.

1.__________ 2.__________

3.__________ 4.__________

5.__________ 6._________

7.__________ 8.__________

9.__________ 10.________
 Let’s Remember

Directions:
Watch a video presentation showing the different cultural practices in crop
production. Make a web concept map on how well you understand what you have
seen. Be guided by the questions given below. You may use a similar web concept
map below.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TjbxOEEOCh0
1. What are the cultural practices in the presentation?
2. Why do you think it is important to know and understand the different
cultural practices in crop production?

Cultural
Description Importance
Practices

Let’s Apply

1. Mang Ruben is a beginner farmer preparing his farm for crop production.
Help him explain the steps in preparing the land by filling up the ladder from
step 1 to step 5 and explain clearly.
5
4
3
2
1
You answer shall be assessed using the rubric below:
Gives accurate information and very relevant concepts on how to
5
properly prepare the land
Gives accurate information and relevant concepts on how to properly
4
prepare the land
3 Gives less accurate information and concepts on how to prepare the land
Gives inaccurate information and irrelevant concepts on how to prepare
2
the land
Was not able to explain clearly and comprehensively any of the steps in
1
preparing the land
 Let’s Extend

Directions: Make and send it in your messenger or Google classroom.

Layout Garden Plots
Instructions:
1. Draw 1” border line on your bond paper
2. Use the following data making your layout

Imagine that I can your drawing is equivalent to 1 cm

A. Width= 16 m
B. Length=19 cm
C. Planting distance

Between row =1 m
Between hill=.5 m

EVALUATION:

Criteria
1. Accuracy 70%
2. Presentation 20%
3. Neatness 10%

Let’s Evaluate

Directions: Identification. Select your answer in the box provided. Write

your answer in separate sheet of paper. Send your answer in Google
classroom or messenger.

SEEDS DIRECT SEEDLINGS THINNING PRICKING – OFF

INDIRECT PLANTING TRANSPLANTING FERTILIZER BASAL

SPRAYING WEEDS IRRIGATION DRAINAGE

1. _______ is a fertilized and ripened ovule which may develop into by germination.
2. _______ Seeds are planted directly into the field where they grow permanently.
3. _______ Removal of excess seedlings.
4. _______ planting apart to give seedling greater space.
5. _______ done when seedlings have attained 12-15 cm in height and 4 leaves
developed.
6. _______ sown first in seed boxes or seedbeds.
7. _______ is an organic or inorganic material that added to soil to supply nutrients
8. _______ Fertilizer applied before and during planting.
9. _______ fertilizer may be sprayed on seedlings on transplanting time for rapid
growth of new transplants
10. _______ enemies of plants
Lesson APPLY SAFETY MEASURES
4 IN FARM OPERATION
Introduction
Many hazards are present in the farm. If the farmers are not aware of these
hazards they may cause injury to their body or may cause diseases and even death.
Farmer should always apply appropriate safety measures while working in the farm.
Learning Outcome 1 – Determine Areas of Concerns for Safety Measures

Learning Objectives:

1. Identify work tasks in line with farm operations.

2. Determine place for safety measures in line with farm operations

Let’s Try

Directions: Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper and send in messenger
or Google classroom.

Enumerate the following:

[5] Tips in cleaning, tools and garbage cans
[5] Tips on cleaning areas for handling and storing fresh produce

Let’s Recall

Directions: Answer the following questions in your notebook.

1. What are the different cultural requirements?

Let’s Explore

Directions: Visit the link below and then answer the following questions. Write your
answer in your notebook.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ay7z3ddHf3c

1. What are the different works tasks in farm operation?

2. What are the places for safety measures in farm operations?
 Let’s Elaborate

Information 1:1

Farm Work that Involves Using Chemicals and Hazardous Tools and
Equipment

1. Spraying chemicals

Chemicals are used on the farm including pesticides. These chemicals

are use to fertilize and control pests such as insects, weeds etc. These
chemicals are applied by spraying.

Example of chemicals hazards

1. Spraying in a strong wind and spray over the house.
2. Washing spray equipment water running into open drains.
3. Containers or chemicals left laying 0n the ground.

Reduces Risk of Hazards from Chemicals

1. Use personal protective equipment such as water proof clothes,
rubber gloves and water proof footwear.
2. Make some chemicals are safely stored and cabinets locked.
3. Never spray chemicals on days when there is a high wind.
4. Know first aid procedures.
5. Keep a list of all hazardous substances used on the farm.

Safe uses of chemicals

1. Consider if chemical substances is really needed.
2. Eliminates a hazardous substance, if that is not possible,
substitutes less hazardous one.
3. Safe work practices or used personal protective equipment.
4. Keep records of farm chemicals.

Storage and transport chemicals

Safe storage of farm chemicals is needed to protect them from elements,

prevent contamination in the environment, food or livestock and ensure separation
from other in compatible chemicals.
After considering the potential risk to people health or to environment, a
farmer might decide that a locked shed with a roof and concrete floor, which is
bounded to contain any spills, is the best way to provide safe storage.

Remember, you should never store oxidizing agents with fuels. That is never
store substances labelled yellow diamond with a red diamond.

Safe transport of farm chemicals depends on what the substances is, how
much there qualities[less than 250 liters] can be transported on which provided
that the container is properly secured and safe from spillage.
Technique in storing chemicals

Chemicals are used on farms for a variety of purposes. The safe management
of chemicals requires access to information and responsible action. Manufacturers,
suppliers and users of farm chemicals all have an important role to play. Chemical
substances present different types of risks to people’s health, safely and the
environment. For this reason there are different laws controlling them. The purpose
of this law is to ensure that chemicals are used to safely and efficiently so that
risks to human health, the environment and damage to property are minimized
Protect Tools for the elements
Blades such as electric hedge trimmer blades, hoes and other metal surfaces
can be sprayed with lubricant oil. Spray the blades, and then turn them on to
make sure oil works into all areas. All electrical and petrol gardening equipment
will need to be covered with a blanket or sheet if keep in the shed. These present
dust and dirt to them shall prevent.

General Cleaning Procedures

1. Be properly trained on the cleaning procedures.
2. Develop a cleaning program should be monitored.
3. Cleaning must not take place while fresh vegetable are been
harvested, packed, handled and stored.
4. Water that is used for cleaning must be safe.
5. The cleaning of equipment, tools and containers must take place in
designated area.
6. When using cleaning and disinfection chemicals, the farmer workers
must become familiar with the use of these products.
7. Strictly adheres to all precautionary statements and mixing
instructions.
8. Protect equipments, tools, containers and fresh vegetables when
working with any chemicals.

Cleaning Re-usable Containers

1. Remove as much as possible plant debris, soil and residue of any
kind.
2. Inspect containers for physical damage that might injure, spoil and
contaminates fresh vegetable.
3. If cleaning/disinfection chemicals are used follow label instructions.
4. Rinse container with clear water.
5. Place them in the sun for rapid drying.
6. Store re-usable containers properly to avoid contamination.

Cleaning equipments, Tools and Garbage Can

1. Remove as much as possible plant debris and residues of any
kind. Use brush appropriate tools when necessary.
2. Inspect equipment, tools and garbage cans for any missed plant
debris, sort, if found clean again.
3. Rinse safe water, Use a clean towel and follow the same procedures
for cleaning.
4. Ensure that small equipment and tools do not touch the ground floor
after the cleaning procedures.
5. Place in the full sun for rapid drying.
6. Store equipment and tools properly to avoid contamination
Cleaning Areas for Handling and Storing fresh Procedures
 1. Unplug any electrical equipment if possible, cover with plastic
electrical motors, electrical boxes, connections. Do not use packaging
materials for this task.
2. Remove trash and any accumulated plant debris from the floors.
3. Using low pressure water, rinse the entire ceiling and light fixtures to
remove any dust. Rinse walls, windows and doors from top downward.
4. Rinse the entire floor surface to remove soil to remove any soil build
up.
5. Scrub areas with brush and cleaning materials such as detergent.
6. After scrubbing areas with cleaning rinse surfaces; be careful not to
splash water into equipment.
7. If cleaning/ disinfection chemicals are used, follow label instructions
for mixing.

Cleaning Hygienic Facilities

1. Pick up trash from the floors, and in a trash can.
2. By using proper detergents, clean toilets, sink and another fixture.
3. Using low pressure water, rinse the entire floor surface to remove soil.
4. Apply cleaning materials or disinfection chemicals to entire floor
surfaces, scrub area with brush if needed.
5. Rinse floor and chairs.
6. Remove excess water and allow drying out of room temperature.
7. Ensure the hygienic facilities have enough toilet, paper, soap and
disposable towel.

Let’s Dig In

SLOGAN MAKING
MATERIALS NEEDED:

Quantity Description
2 sheets Bond paper
1 pc Pentel pen/Marker
INSTRUCTIONS:

1. Prepare the materials needed

2. Think of a slogan on the proper cleaning of tools.
3. The slogan may be express using local dialect.
4. Submit your output when it is already complete
5. The teacher will select the best slogan.

Evaluation:
1. Relevance 60%
2. Rhyme 20%
3. Presentation 10%
4. Neatness 10%
 Let’s Remember

1. What are the different farm works that involves chemicals and
hazardous tools and equipment?
2. What are the techniques in storing chemicals?

Let’s Apply

Using the chart below, Identify the safe uses of chemicals and self management of
chemicals.

1. Safe uses of chemicals 2. Self-management of chemicals

_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________

Rubrics:

Satisfactory Very satisfactory

Activity Poor {2}
{3} {5}
The students can identify the
safe uses of chemicals
Self- management of chemicals

Let’s Extend

Directions: Get a garbage can in your house and follow procedures on how to clean
it.

Let’s Evaluate

Directions:
Write T if the statement is correct and F If the statement is incorrect. Write your
answer in separate sheet of paper.
_____1. Chemicals are use to fertilize and control pests such as insects, weeds etc.
_____2 . Do not use personal protective equipment during spraying.
_____3 . Spray chemicals at night when there is high wind.
_____4 . Stored chemicals safely in cabinets
_____5 .If possible substitutes less hazardous chemicals.
_____6 . Do not record farm chemicals.
______7 . Do not use seatbelts when driving tractors.
______8 . Discuss with the family members and farm workers the potential of risks
in driving tractor.
______9 . Safe storage is needed to protect the elements.
______10 . Cleaning equipment must be take place in designated area.

Learning Outcome 2 - Apply Appropriate Safety Measures

Learning Objectives:

1. Wear outfits according to farm required.

2. Observe strictly thee effectivity/shelf life/expirations materials.
3. Follow emergency procedures to ensure a safe work requirement.
4. Report hazards in the workplace in the farm guidelines.

Let’s Try

Direction:

Multiple choices: Choose the best answer. Write your answer in separate
sheet of paper and send in your Google classroom o messenger.

1. It is the potential for harm effect on an employee’s health.

a. Exposure
b. Risk
c. Chemicals
d. Hazards

2. It is the likelihood that, hazard will cause injury or ill health to

anyone.
a. Hazard
b. Chemicals
c. Exposure
d. Risk

3. This occur when a person comes into contact with a hazard

a. Risk
b. Exposure
c. Chemicals
d. Hazard

4. This includes work platforms, ladders, fire, falling debris, radiation,

ventilation etc.
a. Mechanical/Electrical
b. Chemicals
c. Physical
d. Biological
5. It includes machinery, electricity, pressure vessels, cranes
 a. Biological
b. Psychosocial environment
c. Chemicals
d. Mechanical/Electrical

6. It includes chemical substances such as acids or poisons that could

lead to explosion.
a. Biological
b. Chemicals
c. Psychosocial environment
d. Mechanical/Electrical

7. It includes viruses, mold, insects, and animals.

a. Chemicals
b. Biological
c. Psychosocial environment
d. Mechanical/Electrical
8. It includes workplace stressors, arising from a variety sources.
a. Chemicals
b. Biological
c. Mechanical/Electrical
d. Psychosocial environment

9. It is the physical or environment conditions of work which comply

with the prescribed [OHS].
a. Biological
b. Safety
c. Chemicals
d. Psychosocial environment

10. It is the practices related production and work process.

a. Occupational safety
b. Safely
c. Psychosocial environment
d. Biological

Let’s Recall

Directions: Answer the following questions:

1. What are the procedures in cleaning garbage can?
2. What are the different hazardous chemicals?

Let’s Explore

Directions: Browse the link below and answer the given question.
1. What are the different outfits in the farm?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6O5KDVPSiqk
 Let’s Elaborate

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT [PPE]

Personal protective equipment [PPE] can reduce the number and severity of
farm injuries and illnesses. Personal protective equipment helps protect people but
also improves productivity and profits. Farmers can share these benefits using
appropriate protective equipment for themselves, family and employees where the
job and its potential hazard call for it.

a. Protect your head with a hard hat when

performing construction work, trimmings trees
,repairing machines and doing other jobs,

b. Use sun safely hat to saves skin cancer.

c. Protect vision with appropriate safely eye, wear

safely glasses, goggles, face shields when applying
pesticides, fertilizers, working in the shop or in
heavy dust conditions.

d. Protect your hearing with acoustic earmuffs or

plugs when operating noisy equipment, such as
Grains dryers, feed grinders, older tractors,
chain saws.

e. Protect your lungs with correct respiratory

equipment in working in dusty or moldy
condition manure storage places.
Farm Emergency Procedure Regarding Safety Measures

1. Identify potential emergencies

a. Fire
b. Flood
c. Typhoon
d. Machinery entrapment
e. Electrical shocks
f. Snake or spider bite
g. Chemical exposure
h. Injuries
i. Accidents

2. Provide emergency facilities appropriate for the sorts of emergencies that

might occur at the farm.

3. Make sure that the correct equipment is available to contain and handle
any chemical and other dangerous materials.

4. To help minimize the risk of personnel injury or property damage in the

event of an emergencies.

5. Instruct everyone working on the farm in the emergency response

procedures.

6. Everyone should know the location of the fire alarms, fire extinguishers
and first aid kit.

7. Where to contact emergency services; where to safely assemble in this

event of an emergency.

Cutting Trees Using Chainsaws

Chainsaw makes work light of cutting trees. A chainsaw can easily
slice trough muscle if kick back towards you. Get training to qualified
persons before you use chainsaw.

Example of chainsaw hazards

1. Chainsaw kickback
2. Using a small saw and bar to fall a big tree
3. Falling trees with stem.
4. Falling large trees with a heavy leaves

How to reduce the risk of hazards from chainsaws

1. Know your saw and how to use the safety devices.
2. Wear and use correct safety equipments
a. footwear
b. leg protection
c. safety helmet
d. eye protector
e. earmuffs-rated graded 4
 3. Check the work area for hazards such as branches of tree that
could fall.
4. Check that you saw is in good idea.
5. Do not over-reach or cut above shoulder height

Appropriate Safety Measures While Working in the Farm

Hazards are present always in the farm. Farmers are not aware of these that
may cause injury to their body or may cause diseases and even deaths. Farmers
may always identify appropriate safety measures while working in farm. In this
lesson we should identify farm works that involves the use of chemicals and
hazardous tools and equipment, determines also the Personnel Protective
Equipment [PPE] and determine farm emergency procedures regarding safety
working environment.
Types of Hazard

1. Physical- includes floors, platforms, steps, falling objects, fire and slippery
surfaces, manual lifting, loud noise, heat, poor lighting and ventilation.
2. Mechanical/Electrical-includes electricity, pressure vessels, cranes,
forklifts, machinery and dangerous goods.
3. Chemical- chemical substances includes such as acids or poisons that lead
to fire or explosion, herbicides, pesticides, cleaning agent various processing
like welding.
4. Biological-includes viruses, mold, bacteria, insects and animals.
5. Psychological environment-workplace stressors arising from a variety
sources

AREAS OF CONCERN FOR FARM SAFETY

Hazards Common to most Farms

1. Animals - includes bites, kicks, crushing, trampling, and transmission
of certain infectious diseases such as salmonella, ringworm and
leptospirosis
2. Chemicals - pesticides and herbicides can cause injuries such as
burns, respiratory illness or poisoning.
3. Heights - falls from roof tops, ladder, and windmills are major source of
injury.
4. Electricity - dangers include faulty switches, cord, and machinery.
5. Confined spaces - such as water tanks, manure pits may contain
unsafe which can cause poisonings or suffocation.
6. Vehicles - crashes or falls from motorbikes, two-wheel bikes tractors.
7. Water - drowning can occur in as little as five centimeters of water such
as dams, lakes ponds, river, rivers are all hazards children are particularly
at risk.
8. Weather - hazards include sunburn, heat stroke, dehydration and
hypothermia.
 Health and Safety Hazards on Farms

High Risk Factors on Farms

1. Age- injury rates are highest among children age of 15 and under and adults
over 65.
2. Protective Equipment-using protective equipment such as seatbelts on
tractors, and personal protective equipment such as gloves, hats, googles,
and face shields significally reduce farming injuries.
3. Medical Care- hospitals and emergency medical care are typically not
readily accessible in rural areas near farms.
4. Equipment and Machinery- most farm accidents and fatalities involve
machinery. Doing proper equipment maintenance according to
manufacturer’s recommendations can help prevent accidents.

Let’s Dig In

CONDUCT HAZARDS REPORT

MATERIALS NEEDED:

Quantity Description
2 sheets Bond paper short
1 pc Pencil/Ballpen
Instruction:
1. Observe the surroundings.
2. List all the possible hazards observed
3. Classify these hazards
4. Identify persons who are risks with hazards
5. Report your findings to your teacher.

Evaluation:
Criteria
1. Potential hazards are properly identified
2. Report is properly made
3. Potential victims are properly identified

Let’s Remember

Directions: Fill-in the correct word that makes the sentence complete. Write
your answer in your notebook.

1. ______ can reduce the number of severity of farm works related injuries and
illnesses.
1 - 4 protect your head with a hard hat when performing

2.______3._____4.______ with head injury risks.

 5 .Use a sun safety hat (one with a wide brim and neck protection) to assist in
the prevention _______

Let’s Apply

Directions:
Demonstrate Proper Wearing of PPE. Send picture that are you wearing your PPE
and a short reflection in your Google classroom or messenger.
Instructions:

 Identify the necessary PPE you have in your house.

 Demonstrate how the proper wearing of your PPE at home.
 Write your reflection in a short bond paper.

Score
Criteria
20 15 10 5
Identification and selection of correct
PPE
Demonstrate on how to wear
A written Reports/reflection
Interpretation:
16-20 excellent output
11-15 Very Good
6 -10 Fair
5 - below Poor

Let’s Extend

Directions:
Make a scrap book containing Hazard and Risk in the farm.
Surf the pictures and descriptions.

Let’s Evaluate

Directions: Identify the correct answer provided on the box .Write your answer in a
separate sheet of paper and send on the Google classroom or messenger.
Occupational safety exposure hazard googles gasmasks

Safety Psychosocial environment Chemical Biological Physical

Mechanical/electrical Risk

1. ____________ the practice related to production and work process.

2. ____________ Physical or environmental conditions of work which
comply with prescribed of OHS standards.
3. ____________ includes workplace stressors arising from the variety of
sources.
4. ____________ includes bacteria, viruses, mold, mildew, insects and
animals.
5. ____________ includes chemical substances such as acids or poisons
that could lead to explosion.
6. ____________ includes electricity, machinery, equipment, dangerous
goods etc.
7. ____________ includes floors, stare, work platforms, ladders, and
ventilation.
8. ____________ occurs when persons comes into contact with hazard.
9. ____________ is the likelihood that a hazard will cause, or adverse
effect on an employee’s health.
10. ___________ is the potential for harm, or adverse effect on an
employee’s health..

References
a

WEEK 3
PRINTED MATERIALS
Aniceta Kong. Delia San Diego, et al Agriculture and Fishery Arts

ONLINE RESOURCES
www.fro.org/docrop/R4082E/4082002htm#1.1%20introduction20.surfaceto20area
www.slideshare.net/mobile/kenjobkto12-cropprodcutionlearningmodule
www.depedbataan.com
www.jstor.org/stable/136515
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TjbxOEEOCh0
WEEK 4
PRINTED MATERIALS
Aniceta Kong, Delia San Diego, et al [Agriculture and Fishery]
ONLINE RESOURCES
www.fro.org/docrop/R4082E/4082002htm#1.1%20introduction20.surfaceto20area
www.slideshare.net/mobile/kenjobkto12-cropprodcutionlearningmodule
www.depedbataan.com
www.jstor.org/stable/136515
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ay7z3ddHf3c
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6O5KDVPSiqk

Module Development Team

Writer: DR. ELVINA R. DEPONE, Master Teacher II

Content Evaluator: DR. ANGELA K. ALAMAN, Head Teacher IV

Language Evaluator: ENGR. MARIA CARLA R. DEPONE

Reviewers: DR. ANGELA K. ALAMAN, Head Teacher IV

DR. RONALDO J. LASIN, Master Teacher I

Illustrator: MR. RONNEL GUTTIEREZ

ENGR. MARIA CARLA R.DEPONE

Layout Artist: MR. RONNEL GUTTIEREZ

HYBRID TEAM VALIDATORS

JHS Team Leader/Facilitator: DR. MELEDA H. POLITA, SDS (Ret.)

School Head-In-Charge: DR. REA M. CRUZ, Principal IV

Content Validator/Editor: MR. SANTIAGO T. ALVIS, Principal II

Management Team:

DR. MARGARITO B. MATERUM, SDS

DR. GEORGE P. TIZON, SGOD Chief
DR. ELLERY G. QUINTIA, CID Chief
Names of EPS in-charge of Learning Area
MRS. VIRGINIA L. EBOÑA, EPS - EPP/TLE
DR. DAISY L. MATAAC, EPS - LRMS/ALS
For inquiries, please write or call:

Schools Division of Taguig city and Pateros Upper Bicutan Taguig City
Telefax: 8838-42-51
Email Address: sdo.tapat@deped.gov.ph