Today’s Topic:

Quantum Applications in Space

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Space Talk: Quantum Applications in Space 2
USA Canada European Union
• National Quantum • Invested over $1B • Quantum Technologies Flagship
Initiative passed Dec in the last decade Program worth $1.1B over 10 years
’18 committing $1.3B
over 5 years

United Kingdom China

• $397M quantum program over • Will create an $11B, 4M sq-ft
5 years, beginning in 2019 national quantum laboratory for
centralized research

Japan Russia
• ImPACT project valued at $267M • Russia Quantum Center earmarked
over 10 years to realize new $3B for fundamental scientific R&D
quantum computing principles in 2018

India Germany
• National Mission of Quantum • National plan to promote quantum
Technology and Application spending technologies with $720M commitment
$1.2 B over 5 years over 4 years 3
Superposition:
One of the most fundamental differences between a classical
computer and a quantum computer is that we have states that
can be in both 0 and 1 at the same time. This is known as a
superposition state, and can be written
This can be understood by looking at the Bloch sphere, where
the quantum state lives somewhere on the surface of the
sphere. The state is said to be in a superposition state, which
we can write down as
Space Talk: Quantum Applications in Space
Entanglement:
A superposition state can extend between several quantum
systems (for instance qubits). This “link” is called entanglement
and remains even if the quantum systems are far separated in
space. A manipulation of one of the states affects the other
system immediately.
Entanglement is one of the central quantum features that makes
a quantum computer so powerful, since it allows us to perform
parallel computations on all entangled qubits in the qubit register.
If we have two qubits, we need four coefficients to describe the
state, i.e. 22 = 4 (see below). If we have three qubits, we get 2 3 =
8 and so on. If we have 300 qubits, we get 2 300 which is more
than the number of particles in the known universe.
Finally, it is worth noting that the parallel operations are only
possible when the qubits are entangled with each other.
Therefore, the number of qubits in a processor is not what makes
it powerful, but rather how many of the qubits that are entangled.
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QUB IT S F OR E NGINE E R S

Quantum Computing Quantum Communications Quantum Sensing

Noisy Gate-based Computers Secure Communications Quantum Magnetometers

Quantum Annealers Distributed Quantum Computers Quantum Gravitometers
Quantum Simulators Quantum Radar
Universal Quantum Computers

Space Talk: Quantum Applications in Space 5

S E C U R E C O M M U N I C AT I O N S V I A Q K D

Quantum
Channel
(Key)

Classical
Node Channel (Data) Optical Node Node
(Alice) Fiber
(Repeater) (Bob)

DV-QKD: Entangled-photon Sources Control Systems

Microwave and Correlators
Optical (for R&D) DV-QKD: Single-photon Detectors / Antennas
(e.g. SPDC) (e.g, JPC) CV-QKD: Photodetectors / Antennas

CV-QKD: QAM Sources Optical Microwave

Optical (PMTs / APDs / PDs) (Antennas)
(e.g. QAM optical
mod, Si photonics)
Space Talk: Quantum Applications in Space 6
 uW Sensors Quantum Lidar / Radar
Control Systems
(e.g. Rydberg Atoms) (for R&D) (Entangled Photons)

Gravitometers /
Magnetic Field Sensors Accelerometers
(e.g. NV Centers) (e.g. Neutral atoms)

Space Talk: Quantum Applications in Space 7

 S H A R I N G Q U A N T U M I N F O R M AT I O N

Quantum
Channel
(Key)

Classical Optical
Channel (Data) Fiber
Quantum Computer Node Quantum Computer
(Alice) (Repeater) (Bob)

Control Systems
(for R&D)
Light-matter Interaction, Teleportation and
Quantum Memories Entangled-photon Sources

Optical Microwave Microwave

(e.g. Trapped Ions, (e.g. JPC) Optical
(e.g. SPDC) (e.g. JPC)
Neutral Atoms, NV…)

Space Talk: Quantum Applications in Space 8

 F OR US E IN QUB IT R E S E A R C H E X P E R IME NT S
• Modular Solution for Cost and
Space Efficient Scaling
• Coordinated Multi-Port Control
with Tight Amplitude, Phase, and
Timing Requirements
• Hard Virtual Instrumentation
(HVI) for Ultra-fast, Time-
deterministic Execution
• Open FPGA Programmable
Architecture
• Software Programming Libraries
A flexible environment for
development of the
Instrument Control and necessary control
Measurement Automation sequences and for signal
path manipulation (as in
pulse shaping and phase
detection in the module
FPGAs).
This environment enables
rapid integration of logic
blocks into the signal
path and complements
the application software
Labber is now part of Keysight Technologies APIs and “Hard Virtual
Instrumentation” controls.
Space Talk: Quantum Applications in Space 9
R E C E I V E A P C W E B C A M C O V E R I N A P P R E C I AT I O N

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Space Talk: Quantum Applications in Space 10
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Quantum Applications in Space

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