B.

RITHIKESH
(20011AA007)
D. SAI KEERTHI
(20011AA017)
 INTRODUCT
ION:
 Under European colonial rule, architecture
became an emblem of power, designed to
endorse the occupying power. Numerous
European countries invaded India and
created architectural styles reflective of
their ancestral and adopted homes.

 The European colonizers created

architecture that symbolized their mission
of conquest, dedicated to the state or
religion.

 The British, French, Dutch and the

Portuguese were the main European powers
that colonized parts of India.
BRITISH COLONIAL

 Before the arrival of

British on the Indian
soil, Architecture was
from the social point of
view, a creation of
spectacular forms

 The construction material

was stone, tools a chisel
and hammer and the aim

 It was through the British,

that the first elementary
modern building
construction and planning
was introduced in India

 Their Aim - to house

their organisations,
their people and
whatever necessary to
 They colonised control an empire as
major Indian cities big as India
and the need for
BRITISH COLONIAL
ERA : 1615 TO 1947
 A secular building is a building for secular
purposes. The term is used in fine arts and
the cultural science, for example in the

 It was no intention of
the British to educate  During this
Indians in the art and era, very
science of few or no
Architecture. religious
Consequently, Indian buildings
minds; during the were built
British reign, were
completely out of
touch with the
 Classical Indian
forts were
converted to
serve as secular
buildings
housing the
government and
public services
 Construction
of
transportatio
n hubs,
banks, was
given
importance.
BRITISH COLONIAL
ERA : 1615 TO 1947  St Andrews Kirk, Madras is known
for its colonial architecture. The
building is circular in form and is
sided by two rectangular sections
one is the entrance porch

 The entrance is lined with twelve

colonnades and two British lions and
motto of East India Company engraved
on them. The interior holds sixteen
columns and the dome is painted blue
with decorated with gold stars

 The Victoria Memorial in Calcutta, is

the most effective symbolism of
British Empire, built as a monument
in tribute to Queen Victoria's reign.
The plan of the building consists of
one large central part covered with a
larger dome. Colonnades separate the
two chambers. Each corner holds a
 BRITISH
oCOLONIAL
INDO – SARACENIC REVIVAL

 Public and Government

buildings were often rendered on
an intentionally grand scale,
reflecting and promoting a

 Again, structures of this design sort,

particularly those built in India and
England, were built in conformance to
advanced British structural engineering
standards of the 1800s, which came to

 Structures built in Indo-Saracenic style in

India and in certain nearby countries were
predominantly grand public edifices, such as
clock towers and courthouses. Likewise,
civic as well as municipal and governmental
colleges along with town halls counted this
 BRITISH
COLONIAL
o INDO – SARACENIC

Typical features inspired from Indo-Islamic

architecture include
NATIONAL ART GALLERY
CHENNAI.
a. onion (bulbous) domes

b. overhanging eaves

C. pointed arches, cusped arches, or scalloped arches

SECRETARIAT BUILDING
NEW DELHI
d. vaulted roofs

e. domed kiosks

f. many miniature domes

g. domed chhatris

GATEWAY OF INDIA
MUMBAI
VICTORIA PUBLIC HALL
CHENNAI
FRENCH : 1673
TO 1954  The French colonized
a fishing village
(Pondicherry) in
Tamil Nadu and
transformed it into a
 French expanded
their empire by
colonizing coastal
towns, Yanam in
Andhra Pradesh,
Karaikal in Tamil
Nadu and Mahe in
Kerala with a
 The town was built on the
French
French grid pattern and
atmosphere of
features neat sectors and
quiet towns
perpendicular streets and
divided into two sectors,
French Quarter (Ville
Blanche) and the Indian
quarter (Ville Noire)
 French styled villas were
styled with long
compounds and stately
walls, lined houses with
verandas, large French
doors and grills.
Infrastructure such as
banks, police station and
Pondicherry International