Executive summary:

Descon has been working in 3 core businesses i.e. power, chemical and engineering
field. It is known as Pakistan’s most famous engineering firm. It is an integrated
manufacturing and engineering company that works in Pakistan and seven other
countries such as UAE, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, Iraq, and South Africa. It
had its first contract with Attok refinery and they set up the refinery for them in 1978.
After three years in 1981 they got a four year project with national refinery and it helped
their business to expand further. Abdul Razzaq is the founder of the company.

This report is the detailed analysis of the Descon Engineering limited and the practical
knowledge I got during my internship. Different tasks and duties were assigned to me
and they all are mentioned in this report. I started my internship in Descon Engineering
Limited (DEL) through Summer Internship Program for six weeks. During my internship
period, I worked in the corporate sector. The department I was assigned to was
corporate and legal affairs. This department was further divided into two sub-divisions
i.e. taxation and legal affairs. I was the part of legal affairs.

In the beginning of this report a brief introduction, history and mission statement of the
company is provided. Then the detailed analysis of its business operations such as its
SWOT analysis, its organizational structure, marketing and competitive strategy and its
business process analysis is given. I collected this data from internet and some are my
findings that I gathered during my time there. After that my duties and accomplishments
as an internee are mentioned. That describes my overall experience in the legal affairs
department and in Descon engineering limited (DEL) as well. The framework, the style
of working and the dedication of the representatives DEL is truly excellent. DEL is
constantly striving for achievement and that makes this company one of the main
engineering company in Pakistan.
Background of DESCON:

Introduction of DESCON:
DESCON Engineering Limited is an integrated engineering services and Manufacturing
Company operating in Pakistan and the Middle East. DESON is in the business of
delivering client-specific solutions for projects related to Energy, Infrastructure and
Process industry. The integrated package of services encompasses engineering,
procurement, manufacturing, construction, commissioning and maintenance. DESCON
is a multinational company renowned in the region for its quality, safety and on-time
delivery of projects and products. All the faculties required to deliver required projects
within the company. This unique strength enables us to provide solutions as
Engineering, Procurement, Construction and Commissioning, services provider to a
host of international clients.

1.1. Descon Engineering Limited (DEL)

It off again thirty seven a considerable length of time ago, for a five hundred square feet
office space In Lahore’s authentic WAPDA house. We needed a dream should leave on
a venture with make Pakistan’s heading adrift building endeavor. Again those years,
those souls of our authors propelled our individuals to not just attain the ordinary yet the
unusual. This faith got those framework from claiming Pakistan’s heading adrift building
corporation; Descon. Deacon’s worldwide vicinity spreads crosswise over United Arab
Emirates, Saudi Arabia and Qatar from the place new ventures are executed
Previously, Kuwait, Iraq, and Oman Also Egypt. The advancement Also manufacturing
from claiming mechanical methodology supplies Furthermore piping spool takes impact
from our state-of-the-symbolization plant. Those quality for our encountered task group
carrying operations need the vital ISO, OHSAS and ASME certifications What more will
our own QA & QC and HSE guidelines.
1.2. Descon Oxychem Limited (DOL)
Today, Descon claims and works chemicals and energy plants, with unified investment
to review more testing. Descon Chemicals business comprises of Descon Chemicals
set and Descon Oxychem constrained. Our energy business takes state in the structure
about Descon energy results (DPS), giving work to energy plant operations Furthermore
support (O&M) administrations to warm and renewable energy plants in Pakistan. As
and only our corporate social Responsibility, Descon takes monstrous pride done
instructing underprivileged youth, sharp will obtain specialized foul abilities more
enhancing their vocation through the Descon specialized foul organization. DTI
additionally gives vocational trainings should youthful yearning people. Determined
Eventually Tom's perusing a set dream Also commitment, Descon strives on include
esteem to our customer organizations Toward giving world-class results toward
expense profit investigation levels.

1.3. Descon Power Solutions (DPS)

DPS is one of the market leaders in O&M sector of Pakistan, currently maintaining
thirteen different sites with a cumulative capacity of around 1300 MW. DPS employs
around 350 technical staff and has a proven track record of operating and maintaining
Open Cycle and Combined Cycle Power Plants, consisting of Gas Turbines, Steam
Turbines, Reciprocating Engine and Wind Turbine Generators. The plants in our O&M
portfolio consistently achieve world-class performance in EHS and availability.
Combined cycle power plants constitute the largest part of our portfolio with a
cumulative capacity of 900 MW. Wind constitutes second largest sector with total
capacity of 300 MW. The third largest sector is Reciprocating Engine based power
plants having combined capacity of 50MW and 30 MW bagasse based plant. 

DPS brings to its clients, a proven track record and industry experience, through the
wide range of plants in its O&M portfolio and affiliations with world renowned Equipment
Manufacturers. Credited with unique experience of Pre-commissioning, Commissioning
and Startups on all Power Plant. DPS ensures seamless transition into the O&M phase
maximizing plant availability from the very onset. Asset Integrity Management is another
hallmark of our O&M services, maximizing plant equipment life and ultimately ensuring
clients return on its investments. We possess specialist in-house team duly trained by
MWM to undertake overhauling of Reciprocating Engines. Our field service team is fully
geared to provide support during scheduled and unplanned outages.

History:
Beginning of Descon was started in n one room office in Lahore. The company was
founded by Abdul Razak Dawood as Design Engineering and Construction
Services (Descon) in 1977. The initial money used for the startup was Rs.  3.2
million. From this, they expanded into three sectors and are now operating
in UAE, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, Iraq and South Africa.

The company got their first contract when Attock Refinery asked to set up a small
refinery in 1978. In 1981, they got a bigger four-year project of National Refinery which
helped the company to expand.

In 1982, they tried to expand to regional markets, where they helped a Saudi company
and afterwards got a small project in Abu Dhabi. By 2018, this company was generating
60% of its income from overseas markets which helped the company grow to be a
billion-dollar company.

In 2018, Descon expanded its footprint into South Africa by acquiring 26% of Plant
Design and Project Services (PDPS) an engineering firm there.
Vision:
The vision of Descon is:

“To become world-class engineering, manufacturing and construction company

operating internationally.”

To actively pursue long lasting relationships by partnering with our customers providing
quality service built upon integrity, honesty, and professionalism and stand committed in
meeting our employees and customers needs by exceeding their expectations.

Mission statement:
The mission statement of Descon is:

“To provide the valued customers with cost effective and reliable solutions in project
execution and be recognized as the leading manufacturer of high quality equipment
from plants”

Our mission is to provide the best services in Trading, Assembly, Installation,

Commissioning, after Sales Service, Integration of Process Instruments via Control
Systems and SCADA to our customers.  At the same time we put our efforts to expand
our sourcing points by creating strategic alliances with our key external providers to best
create value for our clients. We want to generate value for all our stakeholders by
making the most optimal use of all available resources and opportunities in an ethical,
lawful and efficient manner.

Our mission further extends into our external environment, and our commitment to
working together with our business partners, community organizations and interested
stakeholders to improve our environmental quality and progress towards a clean and
safer place to live and work for our future generations.

In order to achieve high growth and success for our various business concerns, Descon
Automation Control System LLC has combined specialized synergies and resources to
become a most preferred partner in our client network.
Core values:
Core values of any organization are those foundation blocks on which the organization
conducts itself and forms the virtual road map for its people and society in which it
operates. The pivotal purpose of all the Descon’s major undertakings is to bring about
prosperity and well-being to the stakeholders and society at large by adding value
through engineering, technology and management.

The core values of Descon are:

 Continuous improvement
 Leadership
 Accountability and ownership
 Team work
 Open communication
 Safety

They called these values as CLATOS and represented it as a tree. See in annexure 1.

Continuous improvement:

We believe excellence is a commitment to improve everything we do all the time.

Leadership:

We believe leaders inspire others to learn and achieve more.

Accountability and ownership:

We believe in taking responsibility for our decisions, actions and their results.

Team work:

We believe in the strength of the individual, yet we accomplish more by working

together.

Open communication:
We believe open communication is the foundation of trust.

Safety:

We believe HSE is of utmost importance and we attach the highest value to the safety
of our employees and stakeholders.

Organogram:
Below is the organogram of Descon engineering limited (DEL). Organogram is a visual
representation of chain of command and hierarchy of reporting structure.

CEO

Company Head Chief Human Chief Chief Risk nd

Chief strategy
Shared Resources Financial Compliance President
Secretary Services Officer Officer Officer
officer

Head of risk
President
and
construction
compliance

President
Head of descon
finance industrial
services

President
EPC

President
infrastructure

President
manufacturing

The CEO of the company is at the top level management and deals with the company
overall decision making etc. then comes the presidents and secretary of the companies
with every department officer who are also known as president of the department. This
organogram is same as for other holding and subsidiary companies of Descon as well.
SWOT ANALYSIS:
Strength:
 Good market image:

Descon engineering limited has the major portions of power and engineering in Pakistan
that creates a good market image for them. There are numerous surprising projects of
Descon at credit. These projects are the living product of the company making a very
good image for them.

 Specialized in engineering and strong engineering capacity:

Descon has the largest and strongest engineering capacity all over Pakistan, that in-fact
includes the other regional workstations that are working abroad as a one unit. Round
about 900,000 man-hours/years engineering capacity does Descon hold for its projects
and operations.

 Strong construction capacity:

Descon holds a number of skilled and technical construction engineering capacities all
over the Pakistan and abroad. 70 million man-hours/year construction capacity Descon
holds for its construction projects all over the world.

 Diversifies unit of industries:

Descon has a competitive edge by having a diversified number of industries. They are
doing operations in fertilizers, chemicals, construction, cement and plant designs. There
are no such industries in Pakistan that work in such a wide field.

 Diversification:
Descon has been operating in eight different countries. So, the employees working
there are from different culture, norms and values. The numbers of female and male
employees are same as well. This diversification leads to innovative ideas in the
company as everyone think different from their own perspectives.

 Supportive environment:

The working environment at Descon is very professional and supportive. They

encourage open discussion and communication. Any type of query is always welcomed
there. Every employee is trained to help each other in any way possible.

 Adopting their core values:

The employees at Descon can be seen practicing the core values. It’s not just made for
formalities but they actively perform it on daily basis. There are sign boards of not using
mobile phone on stair cases for safety purposes. They appreciate and encourage open
communication. Team work and good leadership leads to continuous improvement.
There is no such thing as mistake there; they name it as improvements and learning.

 Number of employees:

There are many employees working there. Every employee is assigned a specific task
to divide the work among many people. This leads to many job opportunities to people
and also lessens the burden of each individual. One person cannot perform others
responsibilities, they only have their assigned responsibilities that needs to be fulfilled.

 Opportunities to freshly graduates:

They offer different programs such as graduate internship programs, female graduate
programs and also undergraduate internship programs. Through these programs they
hire freshly graduates who are looking for jobs and provide them a good opportunity.
Through their female graduate program they are encouraging females to work to
increase diversity. In Pakistan it is very hard for females to find a job but Descon has
developed a separate program to facilitate them.

Weakness:
 Salary packages less attractive:

Having an attractive salary packages can retain talented employees on board with you.
Productivity is all about encouraging and motivating employees with different ways.
Less attractive salary packages can increase the turnover rate and can decrease the
productivity as well. The salary package at Descon is also less attractive to the
employees there. The workload is much more and the salary they are offering is much
less as compared.

 High turnover:

Due to the less attractive salary packages the turnover rate is high there. Many of the
employees working there were new and had the tenure of just 5 to 6 months as
previous employees quit. Less incentive were also the reason of this turnover rate. Due
to the high turnover rate, the organization was not enjoying the economy of scale.

 Centralized decision making:

The upper level of management makes all the important decisions that reduce the
employee involvement in major decisions. The centralized environment leads to many
conflicts between them. It also leads to demotivated staff members. The centralized
decision making also makes the staff feel that the company is not empowering them as
they cannot participate in the decision making of their own work.

 Uncertain chances of promotion:

The numbers of employees are very high there that is why there are very less chance of
promotion. If they promote their employees on yearly or terminal basis than that can
create problems among them. There are different employees for different functions and
they all are on same level so promotion is very uncertain there.

 Lack of promotional activities:

The marketing department of Descon is not the best there. They are working on product
and service promotion but promotional activities like advertising and media promotion is
not being used. So, there is a huge lack of promotional activities there that should be
improved.

 Less incentives:

There are very less incentives for the employees while the upper level management get
most of the incentives. Incentives increase the productivity and encourage the
employees to exceed their goals. By providing less incentive, employees are
demotivated and turnover rate increases.

Opportunities:
 New market coverage and increasing demands:

By increasing the area of their production and man power Descon has the opportunity to
attract new talent pools for their company. By getting new market coverage, companies
increase their production and lower their unit costs that can further help in the
economies of scale. With the economies of scale, the larger the business, the greater
the cost savings. With the passage of time, Descon will invest their savings back into
the company to become more efficient and profitable.

 Processes parameters and product quality:

They have a great opportunity and improvement for process parameters and product
quality. The great marketing orders create a challenge as well an opportunity.

 Process optimization:

By the process optimization, Descon can save energy and reduce cost. By reducing the
process times, increasing the effective shift and manpower management they can
increase the productivity of each department.

 Reducing lead time:

For maximum productivity and maximum cost saving they can optimize the formulation
load of the products. By relying more on automation than manual dependence they can
further metabolize the process techniques.

 Extension of plant area:

Descon should extend their plant area as they would rapidly increase the number of
their businesses. This is the part of the Descon’s strategy to increase the area of their
plant to diversify their business to gain more such opportunities.
  Diversified employees:

The company gets many opportunities for its business by the number of employees they
are hiring. It helps the company to be strong in the competitive market. More employees
mean more productivity and more innovative ideas. Descon has many employees and
all from different culture and values that gives them a good opportunity and also an
competitive edge.

 Oil and gas sector:

The oil and gas sector has much demand and opportunities can arise from there.
Descon is trying to diversify its experience as its growth is sustainable. By admitting
mistakes and improve accordingly increase the professionalism in the company.
Descon always believes that every problem they face has a new opportunity for them.
They also believe that mistakes also create opportunities for the better version of them.

Threats:
 Growing competition and lower profitability:

The competition is increasing day by day in the growing market. The new companies
will offer good salary packages attracting talented employees. This can be a great threat
for Descon as it can lead to lower profitability.

 Energy crisis:

The energy crisis in Pakistan can create a big threat for Descon as their plants operate
from them. The energy crisis and policy miscalculations of Pakistan create a
unavoidable failure in the energy and economic sector. This in turns creates a problem
for large industries and companies like Descon.
  Increase in labor costs:

Descon should increase their labor costs and reduce down their profit. In this way they
can compete in the market. But it also created a threat for them to lower their
profitability. Higher labor costs can be in the benefit of the employees asa they get high
wages and reduces the employment. This is advantageous for them but it also reduce
company’s profit that can be a bigger threat.

 Strong promotional activities:

The competitors of Descon are doing strong promotional activities for the recognition of
their company but the marketing strategy of Descon is very weak. They should take
strong actions for the promotion of the company to make their company recognize on
international level. They are not doing promotional activities just to save extra cost but
this is a threat for them because they will lose buyers and the competitors will have the
edge. The share of the Descon is also in danger of lowering.

 Low price offered by the customers:

The increase competition is the biggest threat for Descon right now. The prices offered
by their competitors are very reasonable and in this way they can take Descon buyers
as well. Descon should lower their cost to retain their potential buyers and to survive in
the market.
Marketing strategy:
A marketing strategy of a company is a whole plan of for reaching the potential
customers and making them your own consumers for your product or services.
Marketing strategy helps in identifying the company that what type of consumer and
business they are targeting and why and how they can position their business to
standout from other competitors. These are the ways of getting your company in front of
potential consumers. The marketing strategy of Descon is not very wide as they are not
spending much on their marketing department and other promotional activities.

The main target market for Descon is any company or professionals that are in the real
estate, construction and chemicals, and business fields. The marketing strategies they
are following are:

 Word of mouth:

Descon is mainly the service industry and in service industry, the biggest marketing tool
of a company is work of mouth. Starting in a small room in 1977 and having a scale of
twenty five thousand personnel today, Descon is all about its repute and trust their client
has on it. They have built their relationship with their clients mostly with word of mouth.
Descon is a trust worthy company who is famous for its projects. They are well-known
company in Pakistan as well as at international level in Middle East. So, their biggest
marketing strategy is word of mouth that helps in most of the promotional activities.

 Web based:

Many service industries companies spread their word all over the world by using web
based marketing tools. Descon is also using web based marketing tools as the
company has very strong, established and up to date websites. Their website contains
all the necessary information about each aspect of the company. The website contains
detail information and projects of Descon that any of their clients or potential consumer
can view before reaching them out.

 Instagram page:
The official page of Descon in Instagram is actively keeping people up to date about the
firm. They are actively doing their promotional activities through Instagram as well. Their
Instagram contains all the programs they launch, about their company culture, seminars
they held and much more about the company. They also show the Descon cultures by
showing any celebration ad functions held at Descon.

 Facebook page:

Descon has also their own official Facebook handle where they upload post about their
hiring programs and about their services, products and offerings. Their Facebook page
is mostly similar to their Instagram handle. Any queries or for help they welcome their
clients, employees and public to reach them through Facebook and Instagram.

 Twitter:

They are actively participating on twitter, letting their audience know about the news and
events of the company. They engage with their clients and employees in twitter to show
their strong bond between them. this is also their marketing strategy as they are
promoting their company through their tweets and posts about company necessary
information.

Overall the company does not spend much cost on promotional activities or marketing
strategies of the company. But with the passage of time they are focusing more on their
marketing department and hiring more staff to make their sales and marketing
department more efficient. They are doing multiple conferences to discuss their
performance on sales and marketing. The objective of these conferences are to bring
new goals and strategies in synergy with all the teams, customer perspectives, sales
and marketing segment-specific insights and to discuss the important tactical strategies
for improved performance in the industry.
Competitive strategies:

The nature of the company is very high and it has number of competitors as well. As
Descon is working in Middle East so it has international competitors too.The main
competitors of Descon are:

 NESPAK
 OCI ltd. Company
 LAHMEYER International GmBh
 EKA chemicals Inc.
 ODEBRECHT S.A.
 Worley parson Ltd.
 ZISHAN engineers Pvt. Ltd.
 Pakistan engineering company Pvt. Ltd.
 United engineers and contractors Pvt. Ltd

As the number of competition is very high so Descon is taking measures to be at the

top. Its biggest competitor is NESPAK. Descon is providing quality services in the area
of construction, engineering and project management not only to domestic clients but
also to its overseas clients. It has more than 8000 workforce and all of them are from
twenty eight different nationalities. They all are working on the projects in Pakistan and
internationally as well. By undertaking challenging and difficult engineering assignments
Descon gets a competitive advantage over its other competitors through the
implementation of their state-of-the-art integrated project management system.

As another competitive strategy for Descon would be that they care for their employees
more than other firms. The friendly working environment with no extra pressure is the
number one reason that mostly staff loves working there. They have a separate area for
employees where they can rest and sleep with light music on. This place is called
“ZENDEN”. The interior there is so beautiful and there is a small library where anyone
can come to fresh their minds anytime. Read a book or do their work silently. When the
companies like these cares for their employees the employees also payback with
honesty and trust.
Business process analysis:
Descon is an engineering firm that is project based company. It has numerous
department. One is corporate department and other is engineering department.
Corporate department of the company has HR, finance, admin, corporate affairs,
KPMG, IT department and others. While the engineering sector consists of construction
division, chemical division department etc. Every department has their own set of
processes in which they operate.

The marketing and sales department of Descon engineering took the initiative to
introduce a structured CRM into the organization to adopt a customer centric approach.
Now with this initiative Descon is fully equipped with a tool that incorporates every
aspects of the business that touches its customers. It includes people, process,
technology and monitoring. With the help of CRM Descon can have improved
information management, enhanced visibility for ongoing opportunities, better and
efficient communication, along with different sales analysis.
Learning as a student internee:
About my department:
I did my internship in the corporate affairs department for 6 weeks. The corporate affairs
department is divided into two parts i.e.

1. Taxation

2. Legal affairs

The department where I was assigned was Corporate and Legal affairs. They deal with
compliance with company law, listing rules, shareholder agreements and regulatory
requirements. The company secretarial department also supports the boards and
committees that form part of the organization’s governance structure, which allows the
company or group to operate compliantly as an entity. The legal affairs department
manages the legal affairs of the company, its requirements and also ensures that the
company is moving towards the company’s vision. Some of the other purposes that
legal affairs department does are:

 Mergers and acquisitions

 Debt listings
 Joint ventures
 Unions and structural organizations
 Corporate obligations
o Licensing
o Taxes
o Zoning laws
o Property rights
 Regulatory and recovery transactions
 Partnership, trusts and regulatory laws
 Conducting of annual general meeting and extra ordinary general meeting
 Preparing of minutes of meeting
Duties:
My internship was project based. It revolved around this whole project. The project
assigned to me was to create a comprehensive document that provides detailed steps,
cycle and information regarding board of directors’ meetings that either requires
automation or simply a reminder to carry out the task through the system PROAACT.
The document created was to describe the process of the Board of Directors meeting to
the developer so they can incorporate automation at any part of the process. We also
provided the suggestions in the document regarding the steps where we feel
automation can be done.

PROAACT abbreviated as PROFICCIENCY TOOL FOR ANTICIPATION, ACTION

MANAGEMENT, CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT AND TRANSPARENCY. It is the
software created by the company for the customized solution that includes approvals
through workflows, controls, reports, notifications and database. The successful
execution of the project was appreciated by the BOD and the leadership team.

Digitalization is the core system of every organization and is significant for business
sustainability so to cope up with the challenges of this era Descon launched PROAACT
on February 3, 2022. By launching PROAACT they standout in today’s competitive
environment and lived the core value of “Continuous improvement”. This solution is
based on SAS® governance and compliance manager. It is specifically made to meed
the requirement of Descon pertaining to enterprise risk management, HSE, action
management, COPQ and lessons learnt.
Accomplishments:
Project details:
I created the whole document where I described the detailed meeting cycle of the board
meeting. And I also explained those factors that are important in the process of the
meeting and how we can automate those steps instead of doing it manually.

Meeting cycle:
The process starts when an email is sent to the FBP fifteen days before the Agenda of
the Board meeting to the directors. The email consists of requirement of meeting
documents from CFO (Chief Financial Officer). Then after five to six days a follow up
email is sent to the FBP regarding the status of documents requested and actionable
points from the previous meeting minutes. Then at least seven clear days before the
meeting, an agenda is sent to all the directors regarding the meeting with related
documents such as accounts, last meeting minutes and internal audit reports. A letter
will be sent to the Pakistan stock exchange (PSX) for approval of the meeting on the
same day the Agenda is sent to the directors. The letter contains date, venue, starting
time of the meeting. Then board of directors meeting will be held after seven days of the
agenda distribution. Meeting in progress letter and result letter will be sent to PSX via
online system (PUCAR) on the day of meeting. Every key decision of the meeting will
be reported to the PSX. After meeting, draft minutes will be sent to the members of the
meeting within fourteen days. This is the whole one-month cycle of the BOD meeting.

Automation required in the process:

These were the steps that required automation through PROAACT system:

 Calendar entry to all participants:

A yearly calendar is made in October that consist of all the schedule and meetings of
the whole year. It consists of date, time and days of the statutory audit committee and
Board meetings.

 Email to FBP:
The email to be sent from the corporate affairs department to CFO of the company. The
email is regarding the documents and information that is required from the CFO for the
purposes of submission with the directors along with agenda.

 Follow up email:

A follow up email should be sent after five to six days of email. The email shall consist
of status documents requested and status of actionable points from the last BOD’s, the
minutes of last BOD, draft directors report, resolution passed by circulation and all other
document that was required in first email.

 Previous agenda of same period:

The previous agenda of the last year meeting is used as a reference for the same
meeting next year.

 Draft Agenda:

The draft of the Agenda is required that consists of points to be discussed in the
meeting.

 List of participants:

List of all the directors of the company and key participants that will be joining the
meeting is required. This will include the list of directors and all members who are
invited in the meeting.

 Agenda to auditors and PSX:

Agenda will be sent to auditors, share registrar and Pakistan stock exchange 7 clear
days before the meeting regarding the conduction of the meeting. All the key points,
venue, date and time of the meeting will be mentioned in the agenda.

 Email of notice and working papers:

An email of notice regarding the meeting and several working papers such as accounts,
minutes and internal audit reports shall be sent to the directors of the company. This
should be sent 7 days before the meeting.
  Working files to participants:

Working files will be sent to all the participants of the meeting 7 days before the
meeting. These working files will be sent in soft as well as hard copy.

 Confirmation of all the participants:

All the members that are invited in the meeting should be confirmed before the
conduction of the meeting. It should be checked if they shall be in attendance or not.

 Meeting Reporting:

A meeting in progress or result letter is sent to the PSX during or after the meeting as
the case maybe. It contains all the details regarding the meeting that is required to
report to PSX.

 Email draft to minutes:

The draft minutes is needed to be sent to members within 14 days after the meeting.
This will include all the decisions taken on agenda points, actionable points and other
information that is related to the meeting.

 Draft director’s report:

For annual board meeting, the corporate governance part of draft director’s report
including information of composition and categories of directors, meetings of the Board,
directors training, board evaluation, committees.

 Participation report:

The participation report includes the attendance summary of all the directors and
members participating in the meeting.

 Key decisions:

All the core decisions a company takes such as change in resolution, if company has
decided to joint venture with any firm, approve a merger and any amendments etc.

 Change in composition of board:

It includes the change in the composition of the boards of directors of the company
regarding their termination or appointment as executive, non-executive and independent
directors.

 Formation/change in committees:

The change in committees includes the appointment of any member of committee in the
meeting.

 Key appointments:

The key appointments include selection or change in management such as appointment

of CEO, CFO or company secretary.

 Tracking of actionable points:

To track progress of all the actionable points stated in the previous meeting. The
process also helps to assess the improvements of these actionable points..

 Budget v/s actual:

It includes the financial budget of any project that is presented in the meeting and the
actual budget is the one that is decided as a final budget.

 Payment of independent directors:

An email is sent to CFO for the payment of independent directors after the meeting.

Sample document:
This meeting cycle document was the first step of the project. After the completion of
the document we had the meeting with the admin of the PROAACT software who
helped us in the completion of our project. This document was the main requirement of
the corporate affairs department who needed automation in above mentioned steps of
meeting cycle.

We submitted the document to the admin of the PROAACT so he can review if our
requirements match the system or not. Next step was to create the whole page
according to our needs on the PROAACT software. We created another document
where we explained how we want the software page to look like. Also, how we want
notifications and reminders etc. It was the sample document where we explained how
we want our software page to look like. Such as, I made minutes of meetings (MoM)
sample page that includes which company’s MoM I wanted how I want them to look like.
These were the screen design for the minutes of minute. Other than MoM screen design
I also created the screen design for actionable points. Then I created the whole list of
directors that included their names, CNIC no., designation of that director, company
name of that director (e.g. DEL, DOL, and DSP etc.), appointed and termination dates
etc. It also included previous directors as well who once worked in the company. The
system also required categories list down of the companies and the listing of system
dimensions.

These were all the requirement of the project that was given and provided by me and
the corporate affairs department to the admin of the PROAACT so they can infuse these
requirements accordingly.

Other tasks:
 Other than the project, I was assigned with small tasks such as creation of the
title pages of the Board of Directors (BOD) meeting and Audit Committee
Meeting (ACM). I created twelve title pages for seven companies. These
companies include DEL (Descon Engineering Limited), DOL (Descon Oxychem
Limited), DPS (Descon Power Solution), AEL (Altern Energy Limited),
INSPECTEST, BARD foundation and DTI (Descon Technical Institute). Some of
my title pages are shown in annexure 2.
 I also wrote and proofread the minutes of the audit committee meeting and board
of directors meeting, checked for the grammatical mistakes and anything that
needed to be added.
 I made PowerPoint’s presentations on the board evaluation of AEL.
 I made a whole document related the BARD foundation sponsorships. In this
document I wrote all the sponsorship agreements that BARD foundation has
made with athletes, universities and students who needed scholarship. The
document included all the necessary information about the agreement such as
 the name of the person, agreement duration, payment given to that person,
nature of the sponsorship etc. There were many foundations, universities,
students and mainly athletes who were sponsored by the BARD foundation.
 I also attended the BARD foundation event in which they invited Naila Kiani, first
woman of Pakistan who summit K2 in her first attempt. BARD foundation
sponsored her during her summit.

New knowledge acquired:

This internship gave me opportunity to learn so much about the corporate culture. The
new knowledge I acquired from my internship were:

 Detailed overview of corporate and legal affairs department

I learned about the dealings and working of the corporate and legal affairs department.
Also, I learned why this department is important in every company.

 Board of director’s and audit committee meeting whole cycle and process

There is a long one month process of every board of directors and audit committee
meeting. Every step of the process is significant and cannot be skipped. This process
ends when the draft minutes is sent to the members of the meeting within fourteen days
after the meeting.

 Schedule of activities for Annual general meeting (AGM)

There are long list of schedule of activities for the AGM. It is as follows:

o Letter is sent to the PAKISTAN STOCK EXCHANGE (PSX).

o Print of annual account and dispatched to shareholders, PSX, SECP, CRO
Lahore
o Printed report is sent to shareholders
o Placement of the meeting at the website of the company
o Advertisement in newspaper regarding the AGM notice
o Notice to directors
 o Notice of AGM to PSX, SECP, PWC, Corplink, CDC
o Advertisement and placement of annual report
o Original cutting of ad to SECP
o Receipt of proxy forms from M.S
o The day of AGM
o Online signed annual reports to CRO Lahore
o CDC letter after PWC attestation
o Send three copies of annual reports to SECP
o File form 29
o File form A
o Unconfirmed minutes of AGM to KSE
o Compliance certificated to be submitted to SECP
 How PROAACT software works

The PROAACT software was a new thing for me. With the passage of time, as the
digitalization is going forward many companies are advancing in many ways to stand in
this competitive era. PROAACT will bring new innovations to the company and will help
in doing the more effectively and efficiently.

 How minutes of meetings are created

The minutes of the meeting is created after every meeting. It is the detailed summary of
what happened at the meeting. It is used as a source for anyone who was unable to
attend the meeting. It also used as record keeping of important information that is
discussed during the meeting. It includes actionable points, specific actions to be taken
for a proposal that is discussed in a meeting.

 Code of corporate governance

I was given a document that described the whole code of corporate governance of
Descon. It included remuneration policy of directors, difference between executive and
non-executive directors, proxy holders, scheme of amalgamation, special resolutions,
companies (general provisions), unlimited or limited company, limited by guarantee or
limited by shares company, folio number etc.

 Regulations under companies act

 Overview of memorandum and articles of association

 Understanding of Form A and Form 29
 Trademarks right
 Copyright ordinance
 Patents ordinance
 Annual reports overview
 PUCARS is a website through which financial results and any important
announcement is sent to PSX within the specified time.

Problems encountered:

Experience impacts my career:

Corporate culture:

I learned a lot about how things work in a corporate sector of the company. Working at
the headquarters of Descon gave me an overall insight of the corporate culture of the
company. The atmosphere at corporate and legal affairs was very calm and peaceful.
The work environment is very friendly and everyone is always ready to help and guide
you. All are super cooperative and ready to answer all your queries. Overall the
environment is very comfortable and respectful.

Communication skills:

As an introvert who rarely participates in anything, this internship brought a big change
in me. My communication skills

Conclusion:
Recommendation: