Juvenile Delinquency and the Juvenile Justice System

Article 150: Family relations include those:

 Husband and Wife
 Parents and Children
 Brothers, Sisters, whether of the full or half blood

The Family Home – constituted jointly by the husband and wife or unmarried
head of a family, is the dwelling house where they and their family reside, and the
land on which it is situated.
Parents – guardians and the head of the institution or foster home which has
custody of the child.
Family – the foundation of the nation
Illegitimate – Children conceived and born outside a valid marriage.

Employment of Children (16 years old pwede na maka work)

- May be employed to perform light work not harmful to safety, health or
normal development, and not prejudicial to their studies.

Education of Children Employed as Domestics

- Head of the family (Father), an opportunity to complete at least elementary
education.
Commitment/ Surrender – the act of entrusting a child to the care of the
Department of Social Welfare.

POLICE WORK ON DELINQUENCY

Juveniles and the Police – police have to constantly bear in mind that juvenile
delinquents should be handled in a different manner from adult offenders.
Police Services – Police who work with juvenile offenders usually have skills and
talents that go beyond those large police departments, juvenile services are often
established through a special unit.
Police Roles – juvenile offender operates either as a specialist within a police
department or as part of the juvenile unit of a police department.
 Their role is similar to that of officers working with adult offenders, to
intervene if the action of a citizen produces public danger or disorder.

Police Attitudes towards Juvenile Crime – The police today have more positive
attitudes towards youthful offenders than in the past.
 Juvenile to arrest and which to release with just a warning.

Police and the Rule of Law – When police are involved with the criminal activity
of juvenile offenders, their actions are controlled by statute, constitutional case
law, and judicial review, Police methods of investigation and control include:
 Arrest procedure
 Search and Seizure
 Custodial Interrogation

Suggestive Remedy
Control – that acknowledges the existence of unlawful behavior and the need to
take action.
Unlawful behavior of youth – Includes all types of activity in which laws and
ordinances are violated and such other activities as could bring youth before the
juvenile court.
Undesirable Conditions – Refers to community hazards and community problems
harmful to youth.
Prevention - It implies the keeping of unlawful behavior from occurring originally
or keeping unlawful behavior to a minimum and this avoids police intervention.

Community-Based Policing - Some police departments are now replacing more

aggressive measures with cooperative community-based efforts.
Problem-Oriented Policing - referred to as problem-solving policing, problem-
oriented policing involves a systematic analysis and response to the problems or
conditions underlying criminal incidents rather than the incidents themselves.

HOME – Is considered to be a potent force of either Good or Evil.

Classification of Child and Youth Welfare Agencies:

Child Caring Institution – One that provides 24 hours resident group service.
Educational Institution – One whose primary purpose is education.
Detention Home – a 24-hour child-caring institution providing short-term resident
care for the youthful offender.
Shelter-care Institution – Provides temporary protection.
Receiving Home – A Family Type home that provides temporary shelter from 10-
20 days for children.
Nursery – provides care for six or more children.
Maternity Care – provide or give shelter and care to a pregnant woman.

Rehabilitation Center – Receives and rehabilitates youthful offenders.

 SPECIAL CATEGORIES OF CHILDREN

Dependent Child – Without parents, guardians, or custodians.

Abandoned Child – Parents or guardians have deserted him for a period of at least
6 months.
Physical Neglect – Malnourished, without proper shelter.+
Emotional Neglect – Maltreated, raped, is seduced.

MENTALLY RETARDED IS CLASSIFIED AS FOLLOWS:

Custodial Groups – IQ of 1-25

Trainable Groups – IQ of 25-50
Educable Groups – IQ of 50-75
Borderline or Low Normal Groups – IQ of 75-89

Physically Handicapped Children – Those who are crippled, deaf, mute, or blind.
Emotionally Disturbed Children - Insanity or mental defect.

To make a legal arrest an officer must have

- Probable Cause
Spouse is not obliged to support each other
- FALSE