COURSE no 1

VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE

constitute constitution constitutional

legislate legislation legislative

proceed procedure procedural

convene convention conventional

regulate regulation regulative

accede accedence acceded

elect election elective

authorise authorization authorised

1. The election is the body which has the function of making law; normally it is the
Parliament.

2. It is quite a lengthy process to accede to the European Community.

3. Sometimes a court case can be delayed while counsel argues over procedure
problems.
 COURSE no 2
Parliament can...

1 update Acts of Parliament. 2. legislate new statutes.

3 amend existing legislation. 4. repeal obsolete laws.

5 consolidate statute law, case law, and 6 codify law by repealing and re-enacting
amendments into one Act in one statute provisions of a number of
statutes on the same subject.

An order made under authority delegated to a government minister by an Act of

Parliament is known as a delegated legislation
A bye-law is made by a local authority or a public or nationalized body and has to be
approved by central government.
Charities like Oxfam and Help the Aged can act as lobbyists, lobbying for law reform.
The Committee needs to ensure the Bill incorporates the principles agreed so they
check it by a standing committee.
 COURSE no 3

1. VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE Well,

that
cite citation
apply application applicable
precede precedent precedent
persuade persuasion persuasive
bind bindingness binding
decision of the Appeal Court is going to be precedent on the case we’ve got at trial
just now.
2. We need to be able to convince the judge that the rule in Meah v Roberts is
applicable to this case.
3. Can you check the case citation? I think the year’s wrong.
4. Should we add to our argument that Edwards v Peck is a binding precedent given the
legal issues, although the judge isn’t bound to follow it?

COURSE no 4
 VERB NOUN-event or action NOUN-person

sit Sitting
Appeal Appealing appellant
Hear Hearing
Try Tried
claim Claiming claimant

1. The…..courts can a. a court of first instance.

2. An appellant must get
3. In a civil action, a……who has suffered
4. Magistrates generally….cases of petty
crime as
5. Indictable offences are
b. normally……in the Crown Court.
c. reverse or uphold decisions of lower
courts
d. harm or injury seeks a remedy.
e. leave to……before taking a case to a
higher court

COURSE no 5
 Criminal Sentence Severe Realistic

Reasonable Proceedings Reduced Offences

Doubt Indictable Plea Guilty

defence costs prospect penalties

1.The Crown Prosecutos considers whether there is sufficient evidence to provide a of criminal conviction.
2.There should be no conviction without proof beyond resonable doubt
3.The Crown Court always hears offences such as manslaughter.
4.In sentencing serious crimes, courts can impose penalties
5.At the end of the trial, a defendant may be ordered to pay a contribution towards proceedings costs
 COURSE no 6
admit A timetable

Agree to A stay

Allocate to A claim

Enforce The process

File The judgment

Issue A claim

Review A claim on

Serve a regime

Set Differences

settle A reply

1. How does a claim proceeding start?

Proceedings are started when the court issues a claim form at the request of
the claimant.
2. What must a defendant do when he or she has been served with a claim?
You do this by serving the claim on them after you have filed it with the court
3. If both parties want time to try to settle dispute out of court, what should
they ask the court to do?
4. What is the purpose of a case management conference?
The purpose of this meeting is to try settling some or all of the issues in
dispute before going to trial
5. If a defendant is ordered to pay a claimant’s costs but does not, what action
can the claimant take?
Claimant can enforce the judgment so the defendant pays the price.
 Quiz 1
1. Criminal law is law relating to acts committed against the law which are punished by the
state.
2. Public law is concerned with the constitution or government of the state, or the
relationship between state and citizens.
3. Procedural law refers to rules which determine how a case is administered by the
courts.
4. Civil law is concerned with the rights and duties of individuals, organizations and associations
(such as companies, trade unions, and charities), as opposed to criminal law.
Mark the following statements as true or false:
1. The head of the state in the UK is the Prime Minister. T
2.The UK system has a Parliament with two chambers. T
3.The UK has a written constitution. F
4. The Scottish parliament has the power to legislate on subjects that are not reserved to the
Westminster Parliament. F
5. The UK legal system is based on the common law tradition. T
6. The UK accessed to the EU in 2020. F

Quiz 3
1. Common law is based on written codes.
2. Quebec and Louisiana legal systems do not follow the common law tradition.
3. Judges in the common law can interpret and improve legislation.
4. Lower courts decisions must be followed by the upper courts.
5. All courts decisions create precedents in the UK.
6. Law Reports include summaries of cases.
7. A large part of American law is contained in statutes.
8. Constitutional provisions and statutes take precedent over case law in the USA.
9. Civil law is based on legal codes.
10. In the civil law system, the judge is bound to follow the precedent.
 Quiz 4
1. Lower courts deal with points of law and upper courts with matters of fact.
2. The jury in the Magistrates’ Court have just given a not guilty verdict.
3. This contract dispute can be heard in the Country Court.
4. The High Court of Justice has both first instance and appellate jurisdiction.
5. The Court of Appeal cannot uphold a decision of the lower courts.
6. Few criminal cases are tried in the Magistrates’ Courts.
7. Petty crimes are very serious crimes.
8. Minors are always tried without a jury in the Youth Court.
9. He has been accused of drug dealing, so he will be tried in the Crown Court.
10. Allegations need to be proved, otherwise he cannot be punished.

Quiz 5
1. The police always apprehend suspects and detains them in custody.
2. If there is enough proof that a person can be convicted the CPS may decide to
send the case back to the police.
3. Criminal proceedings always start by serving a summons.
4. Legal aid is free for the accused and in some cases at the end of the trial can be
ordered by the judge to pay for some of the defence costs.
5. Summary offences are tried with a jury.
6. The indictment contains the offences.
7. If the defendant pleads guilty the court can give the sentence.
8. In the criminal trials the burden of truth is on the defence.
9. A person that is under arrest can be temporarily released.
10. After the trial starts, the defendant cannot change his or her plea.
 Quiz 6

1. Claims start with the serving of a claim form.

2. The claimant cannot ask the court to make an order.
3. The claimant can admit the claim or defend it.
4. The counterclaim is made by the claimant.
5. The defendant must give an answer to the claim in a fortnight.
6. If the defendant does not reply to then claim, the judgment is always given in the favour
of the claimant.
7. The defendant cannot require a time extension in order to file for reply.
8. Small claims are up to 5,000 pounds.
9. The parties in a civil dispute are advised to solve the conflict out of the court.
10. If the defendant does not pay the damages awarded to the claimant, the latter can
enforce the judgment in the Magistrates’ Court.