 Content:

 What is a renewable energy source?

 Solar energy

 Wind energy

 Hydro energy

 Geothermal energy

 Biomass energy

 Tidal energy

 Conclusion, References
  What is a renewable energy source?

A renewable energy source means energy that is sustainable - something

that can't run out, or is endless, like the sun. When you hear the term
'alternative energy' it's usually referring to renewable energy sources too.
It means sources of energy that are alternative to the most commonly used
non-sustainable sources - like coal.

 The most popular renewable energy sources currently are:

1. Solar energy
2. Wind energy
3. Hydro energy
4. Geothermal energy
5. Biomass energy

Fig.(a) Renewable Energy Sources.

 Solar Energy:
Solar power is clean green electricity sourced from
sunlight. Or in some cases, from heat from the sun. Installing solar
power systems in a residential setting generally means setting up a solar
photovoltaic or a solar thermal system on the roof. Definition of
photovoltaic: Photo = “light” and photons = energy particles coming
from sunlight; voltaic = producing a voltage or volts. Abbreviation =
PV Solar energy is a renewable free source of energy that is sustainable
and totally inexhaustible, unlike fossil fuels that are finite. It is also a
non-polluting source of energy and it does not emit any greenhouse
gases when producing electricity. Solar electricity can supplement your
entire or partial energy consumption. Using solar power means
reducing your energy bills and saving money. Low maintenance and
unobtrusive, installing solar panels adds value to your home.

Fig.(b) Solar Energy

  Benefits:

One of the benefits of solar energy is that sunlight is

functionally endless. With the technology to harvest it, there is a limitless
supply of solar energy, meaning it could render fossil fuels obsolete.
Relying on solar energy rather than fossil fuels also helps us improve
public health and environmental conditions. In the long term, solar energy
could also eliminate energy costs, and in the short term, reduce your
energy bills. Many federal local, state, and federal governments also
incentivize the investment in solar energy by providing rebates or tax
credits.
  Wind Energy:
Wind power involves converting wind energy into
electricity by using wind turbines. The wind comes from atmospheric
changes. These include changes in temperature and pressure which make
the air move around the surface of the earth. A wind turbine captures the
wind to produce energy. Wind power is a clean energy source that can be
relied on for the longterm future. A wind turbine creates reliable, cost-
effective, pollution free energy. It is affordable, clean and sustainable.
One wind turbine can be sufficient to generate enough electrical energy
for a household, assuming the location is suitable. Because it is a
renewable resource which is nonpolluting and renewable, wind turbines
create power without using fossil fuels, without producing greenhouse
gases or radioactive or toxic waste. Wind power is one of the best ways
to combat global warming.

Fig.(c) Wind Energy

  Benefits:

Wind energy is a clean energy source, which means that it

doesn’t pollute the air like other forms of energy. Wind energy doesn’t
produce carbon dioxide, or release any harmful products that can cause
environmental degradation or negatively affect human health like smog,
acid rain, or other heat-trapping gases.
Investment in wind energy technology can also open up new avenues for
jobs and job training, as the turbines on farms need to be serviced and
maintained to keep running.
  Hydro Energy:
Hydro power generates power by utilizing the
energy of water falling from a higher position to a lower position. One of
these hydro power generation systems is a "pumped-storage system" ,
which pumps up water from a lower reservoir to a higher reservoir during
off-peak hours and generates power by dropping water from the higher
reservoir to the lower reservoir during peak hours. We manufacture an
entire generation system for these power plants. Since hydro power emits
a minimal amount of CO2, which is known to be a cause of
environmental pollution and global warming. Effective use of hydro
power is being revalued throughout the world these days.

Fig.(d) Hydro Energy

  Benefits:

Hydroelectric power is very versatile and can be generated

using both large scale projects, like the Hoover Dam, and small scale
projects like underwater turbines and lower dams on small rivers and
streams. Hydroelectric power does not generate pollution, and therefore is
a much more environmentally-friendly energy option for our
environment.

Hydropower is better for the environment than other major

sources of electrical power, which use fossil fuels. Hydropower plants do
not emit the waste heat and gases—common with fossil-fuel driven
facilities which are major contributors to air pollution, global warming
and acid rain. The mining and drilling required to acquire fossil fuels for
other power sources also have a significant negative environmental
impact.
  Geothermal Energy:
Geothermal energy is power derived from the heat
from the Earth. This can be sources such as the shallow ground to hot
water and hot rock found a few kilometers beneath the Earth’s surface. It
may go down even deeper to the extremely high temperatures of
underground molten rock called magma. We usually only see this when it
erupts to the surface in the form of lava.

Fig.(e) Geothermal Energy

 Geothermal energy is the thermal energy in the Earth's crust
which originates from the formation of the planet and from radioactive
decay of materials in currently uncertain[1] but possibly roughly equal[2]
proportions. The high temperature and pressure in Earth's interior cause
some rock to melt and solid mantle to behave plastically. This results in
parts of the mantle convecting upward since it is lighter than the
surrounding rock. Temperatures at the core–mantle boundary can reach
over 4000 °C (7200 °F).

 Benefits:

Geothermal energy is not as common as other types of

renewable energy sources, but it has a significant potential for energy
supply. Since it can be built underground, it leaves very little footprint on
land. Geothermal energy is naturally replenished and therefore does not
run a risk of depleting (on a human timescale).

Geothermal energy shares many of the advantages of most

other renewables. For instance, compared to traditional thermoelectric
stations powered by fossil fuels like coal, it produces less carbon dioxide,
particulate matter and other toxic substances that create the greenhouse
effect, which contributes to climate change. Using this underground
energy allows us to reduce our use of fossil fuels and can help us to
achieve energy self-sufficiency. Geothermal energy is also in line with
sustainable developmentand is essentially free once the plant has been
installed. There is no doubt either that recent history has taught us that
both the performance and efficiency of renewable plants are improving
year after year.
  Biomass Energy:
Biomass is an energy source derived from organic
material such as animal or plant matter and it is growing in popularity.
Proponents increasingly favor biomass use over fossil fuels due to the
low levels of carbon emitted when the material is burned, and see it as
the answer to fighting climate change.
However, though it is classed as renewable, questions have been raised
over just how green it really is, with fears that its predominant reliance
on felling and burning trees as a replacement for fossil fuels could do
more harm than good.

Fig.(f) Biomass Energy

Biomass is organic, meaning it is made of material that

comes from living organisms, such as plants and animals. The most
common biomass materials used for energy are plants, wood, and waste.
These are called biomass feedstocks. Biomass energy can also be a non-
renewable energy source.
 Biomass contains energy first derived from the sun:
Plants absorb the sun’s energy through photosynthesis, and convert carbon
dioxide and water into nutrients (carbohydrates).

 Benefits:
The use of biomass in energy production creates carbon
dioxide that is put into the air, but the regeneration of plants consumes the
same amount of carbon dioxide, which is said to create a balanced
atmosphere. Biomass can be used in a number of different ways in our
daily lives, not only for personal use, but businesses as well. In 2017,
energy from biomass made up about 5% of the total energy used in the
U.S. This energy came from wood, biofuels like ethanol, and energy
generated from methane captured from landfills or by burning municipal
waste.
 Tidal Energy:
Tidal power harnesses the energy from the tidal force
and wave action in order to generate electricity. Unlike other primary
energy flows, it is a predictable source of energy because tides occur at
expected times. This predictability has an advantage over wind and solar
power since the sun may or may not shine on a particular day and the
wind doesn't always blow the expected amount. Tidal power is still not a
dispatch able source of electricity as it is available when nature provides
it, not necessarily when it is needed. Tidal power is not a widely used
energy resource at the moment because its costs outweigh the advantages.
Previously only very specialized locations were able to support these
technologies. However, recent improvements are making tidal power
much more cost effective and adaptable to a wider range of locations. If
support for tidal power continues to increase the industry will likely
grow.

Fig.(g) Tidal Energy

 Benefits:
Unlike other forms of renewable energy, wave energy is
predictable and it’s easy to estimate the amount of energy that will be
produced. Instead of relying on varying factors, such as sun and wind,
wave energy is much more consistent. This type of renewable energy is
also abundant, the most populated cities tend to be near oceans and
harbors, making it easier to harness this energy for the local population.
 Conclusion:
Ongoing concerns about climate change have made
renewable energy sources an important component of the world energy
consumption portfolio. Renewable energy technologies could reduce
CO2 emissions by replacing fossil fuels in the power generation industry
and the transportation sector.

References
www.google.com
www.Wikipedia.org
www.nationalgeographic.co
m www.energyeduction.ca
www.power-technology.com