Erick Ericson

8 Stages of Psychosocial Development WEEK #8

NCM 100 | Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Date (11/18/2022) | Ma’am Palicpic

OUTLINE:
I. Theory
II. Derivation of the Theory
III. 8 Stages of Psychosocial Development
Legend: BLACK for Audio Lecture Notes (Main Description)
BLUE for Audio Lecture Notes (Additional Description)
Note: No Book Reference

THEORY
• Erick Ericson adapted and expanded
Sigmund Freud five stages of
development into 8 stages to include the
entire lifespan.
• The stages developed, does not
guarantee that an old person will 1. Infancy
successfully achieve the developmental • Trust vs. Mistrust
task successfully. • 0-18 months
• People who are self-actualized have • Children develop a sense of trust
wisdom and don’t have insecurities. when caregivers provide
reliability, care, and affection.
DERIVATION OF THE THEORY • Infants cry when they want to
• Ericson proposes that life is a sequence communicate
of developmental stages. • The parent/s must immediately
• Each stage signals/task must be address the discomfort of the
accomplished. infant.
• Developmental tasks can either be 2. Early Childhood
attained or not attained. If it is attained,
• Autonomy vs. Shame and
it is partial and complete.
Doubt
• Surfacing of crisis - inability to
overcome the development stage. • Autonomy vs. Shame and
Guilt
• 18 months-3 years old
THE 8 STAGES OF • Toddler stage
PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT • Children need to develop a sense
of personal control over physical
skills and a sense of
independence.
• Build of character; let the toddler
feel that he/she has a sense of
control to his/herself or a sense
of ownership; let them feel that
you (mother, parent, or
caregiver) have higher authority.
• Toddlers have tantrums to get
what they want. The therapeutic
thing to do is just let them be and
ignore, just make sure that your
toddler is safe from everything.
3. Preschool
• Initiative vs. Guilt
• 3-5 years old

BUSTAMANTE 1
 Erick Ericson
8 Stages of Psychosocial Development WEEK #8
NCM 100 | Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Date (11/18/2022) | Ma’am Palicpic

• Children need to begin asserting • Love should always make you

control and power over the not break you.
environment. 7. Middle Adulthood
• Assertive and aware of own • Generativity vs. Stagnation
behavior • 40-65 years old
• Tend to be explorative and • Adults need to create or nurture
playful: things that will outlast them,
i. Solitary play often by having children or
• 3-4 years old creating a positive change that
• Common and benefits other people.
normal in their 8. Maturity (Old Age/Geriatric Age)
age group • Ego identity vs. Despair
• They play alone • 65 years old-death
and is not • Older adults need to look back on
interactive with life and feel a sense of fulfilment.
others when • Self-actualization is an
playing. accomplishment and fulfillment
• The parent must of all developmental tasks.
orient the child to • If they are miserable or hopeless
reality in cases of at this stage, it is possible that
imaginative something went wrong while
creations of they were growing.
children occur
when playing.
ii. Interactive play END OF TRANSCRIPTION
• 4-5 years old
4. School Age
• Industry vs. Inferiority
• 6-12 years old
• Children need to cope with new
social and academic demands.
• Engage the child holistically;
encourage the child to engage in
school activities not just in
academics.
• This stage is the appropriate
time to discover the skills of the
child.
5. Adolescence
• Identity vs. Role Confusion
• 12-20 years old
• Teens need to develop a sense of
self and personal identity.
• Engage yourself with peers.
6. Young Adult
• Intimacy vs. Isolation
• 20-40 years old
• Young adults need to form
intimate, loving relationships
with other people.
• Have intimate relationships
from the social relationships you
went through adolescence.

BUSTAMANTE 2