NAME: C.B.

01 DATE: March 2, 2021

YR. & SEC.: AENG 326L – 2 INSTRUCTOR: Engr. Aiven C. dela Rosa

Activity No. 3
TITLE: Wing Configuration
OBJECTIVES:
To determine the appropriate airfoil for your designed aircraft.
To determine the airfoil characteristics of your designed aircraft.
PROCEDURES:
3.1) Select an airfoil for your designed aircraft. (*airfoil profile, explain)
3.2) Compute for the corrected airfoil characteristics.

CONCLUSION:

In choosing such an airfoil, there are certain characteristics that we need to put in mind as
airfoils are the main brain or heart of the aircraft. With it, comes the search for the right and
appropriate airfoil that we wish to use for our design. Specifying requirements and performing
detailed computations truly are a crucial step in validating our airfoil choice. Moreover, in this
activity three airfoils are computed in order to find what is the best to be used in the aircraft we
are designing. All of this is due to the fact that an airfoil would really create the capabilities that we
envision our aircraft to be.

REFERENCES:
Aircraft Design: A Conceptual Approach
Daniel P. Raymer
NACA 2412 Profile Graph
Explanation of Table (NACA 2412)

(1). 𝐶𝐿𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴2412 = Given

(2). 𝑎𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴2412 = 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ

(3). ∆𝑎𝑖 = 18.24𝐾𝐶𝐿

𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒:
1 1
𝐾= − (𝐴𝑒) ; 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
(𝐴𝑒)𝐷 6

1 1
𝐾= − (6(0.9))
(9.2(0.84))

𝐾 = −0.05579
𝑒𝑤 = 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑖𝑔 9.23
(4), 𝑎𝐷 = (2) + (3)

(5), 𝐶𝐷𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴2412 = 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ

(6), ∆𝐶𝐷𝑖 = 0.318𝐾𝐶𝐿 2

(7), 𝐶𝐷𝐷 = (5) + (6)

(8), cos 𝑎𝐷 = cos(4)

(9), sin 𝑎𝐷 = sin(4)

(10), 𝐶𝐿 cos 𝑎𝐷 = (1)𝑥(8)

(11), 𝐶𝐷𝐷 sin 𝑎𝐷 = (7)𝑥(9)

(12), 𝐶𝑁 = (10) + (11)

(13), 𝐶𝐿 sin 𝑎𝐷 = (1)𝑥(9)

(14), 𝐶𝐷𝐷 cos 𝑎𝐷 = (7)𝑥(8)

(15), 𝐶𝐶 = (14) − (13)

(16), 𝐶. 𝑃. = 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ

(17), 𝐶𝑚𝑐/4 = (0.25 − (16))𝑥(12)

(18),𝐶𝑚𝑎.𝑐 = (17)((𝑎. 𝑐. −0.25)𝑥12))
𝑡
𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎. 𝑐. = 0.25 − 0.4(𝑐)2
12
𝑎. 𝑐. = 0.25 − 0.4(100)2

𝑎. 𝑐. = 0.24424
(6)
(19), 𝐶𝐷𝑖 = 𝐾𝐴𝐷

(20), 𝐶𝐷𝑂 = (7) − (19)

NACA 2412 Tables
NACA 2412
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
𝐶𝐿𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴2412 𝑎 𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴2412 ∆𝑎 𝑖 𝑎𝐷 𝐶𝐷𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴2412 ∆𝐶𝐷𝑖 𝐶𝐷𝐷 cos 𝑎 𝐷 sin 𝑎 𝐷 𝐶𝐿 cos 𝑎 𝐷
- Deg. Deg. Deg. - - - - - -
0.00 -1.92 0.00000 -1.92 0.00708 0.00000 0.00708 0.99944 -0.03350 0.00000
0.10 -0.57 -0.10176 -0.67 0.00907 -0.00018 0.00889 0.99993 -0.01172 0.09999
0.20 0.91 -0.20352 0.71 0.01105 -0.00071 0.01034 0.99992 0.01233 0.19998
0.30 2.22 -0.30528 1.91 0.01388 -0.00160 0.01228 0.99944 0.03341 0.29983
0.40 3.62 -0.40704 3.21 0.01813 -0.00284 0.01529 0.99843 0.05605 0.39937
0.50 4.93 -0.50880 4.42 0.02493 -0.00444 0.02049 0.99702 0.07709 0.49851
0.60 6.32 -0.61057 5.71 0.03201 -0.00639 0.02562 0.99504 0.09948 0.59702
0.70 7.54 -0.71233 6.83 0.03909 -0.00869 0.03040 0.99291 0.11888 0.69504
0.80 8.94 -0.81409 8.13 0.04788 -0.01135 0.03653 0.98996 0.14135 0.79197
0.90 10.25 -0.91585 9.33 0.05892 -0.01437 0.04455 0.98676 0.16219 0.88808
1.00 11.64 -1.01761 10.62 0.06997 -0.01774 0.05223 0.98286 0.18434 0.98286
1.10 13.07 -1.11937 11.95 0.07904 -0.02147 0.05757 0.97833 0.20707 1.07616
1.20 14.58 -1.28808 13.29 0.09887 -0.02555 0.07332 0.97321 0.22991 1.16785
1.30 15.97 -1.32289 14.65 0.11303 -0.02998 0.08305 0.96750 0.25286 1.25775
1.40 17.57 -1.42465 16.15 0.13399 -0.03477 0.09922 0.96056 0.27807 1.34478
1.50 19.27 -1.52641 17.74 0.15382 -0.03992 0.11390 0.95243 0.30476 1.42864
1.60 21.50 -1.62818 19.87 0.18980 -0.04542 0.14438 0.94046 0.33992 1.50473
1.62 22.49 -1.64853 20.84 0.19887 -0.04656 0.15231 0.93457 0.35578 1.51400

NACA 2412
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
𝐶𝐷𝐷 sin 𝑎 𝐷 𝐶𝑁 𝐶
𝐶𝐿 sin 𝑎 𝐷 𝐷𝐷 cos 𝑎𝐷 𝐶𝐶 𝐶. 𝑃. 𝐶𝑚𝑐/4 𝐶𝑚𝑎.𝑐 𝐶𝐷𝑖 𝐶𝐷𝑂
- - - - - % - - - -
-0.00024 -0.00024 0.00000 0.00708 0.00708 - - - 0.00000 0.00708
-0.00010 0.09989 -0.00117 0.00889 0.01006 77.90 -0.05284 -0.05342 0.00035 0.00855
0.00013 0.20011 0.00247 0.01034 0.00787 43.48 -0.03698 -0.03813 0.00138 0.00896
0.00041 0.30024 0.01002 0.01228 0.00225 38.53 -0.04062 -0.04235 0.00311 0.00917
0.00086 0.40023 0.02242 0.01527 -0.00715 35.41 -0.04166 -0.04397 0.00553 0.00976
0.00158 0.50009 0.03854 0.02043 -0.01811 33.43 -0.04216 -0.04504 0.00864 0.01185
0.00255 0.59957 0.05969 0.02550 -0.03419 32.44 -0.04461 -0.04806 0.01244 0.01318
0.00361 0.69865 0.08322 0.03018 -0.05304 31.44 -0.04499 -0.04902 0.01694 0.01346
0.00516 0.79713 0.11308 0.03616 -0.07692 30.45 -0.04344 -0.04804 0.02212 0.01440
0.00723 0.89531 0.14597 0.04396 -0.10201 29.46 -0.03993 -0.04509 0.02800 0.01655
0.00963 0.99249 0.18434 0.05133 -0.13300 29.04 -0.04010 -0.04581 0.03457 0.01766
0.01192 1.08808 0.22778 0.05633 -0.17145 28.47 -0.03776 -0.04402 0.04182 0.01575
0.01686 1.18471 0.27590 0.07136 -0.20454 27.48 -0.02938 -0.03620 0.04977 0.02355
0.02100 1.27875 0.32872 0.08035 -0.24838 27.48 -0.03171 -0.03908 0.05842 0.02463
0.02759 1.37237 0.38930 0.09530 -0.29400 27.05 -0.02813 -0.03604 0.06775 0.03147
0.03471 1.46336 0.45714 0.10848 -0.34865 27.05 -0.03000 -0.03843 0.07777 0.03613
0.04908 1.55381 0.54387 0.13579 -0.40808 27.48 -0.03853 -0.04748 0.08849 0.05590
0.05419 1.56819 0.57637 0.14234 -0.43403 27.48 -0.03889 -0.04792 0.09071 0.06160
NACA 2412 Lift Coefficient vs. Drag Coefficient

𝐶𝐿 0.33164
( )𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
𝐶𝐷 0.01408
𝐶𝐿
( ) = 23.55
𝐶𝐷 𝑚𝑎𝑥
NACA 4518 Profile Graph
Explanation of Table (NACA 4518)

(1). 𝐶𝐿𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴2412 = Given

(2). 𝑎𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴2412 = 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ

(3). ∆𝑎𝑖 = 18.24𝐾𝐶𝐿

𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒:
1 1
𝐾= − (𝐴𝑒) ; 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
(𝐴𝑒)𝐷 6

1 1
𝐾= − (6(0.9))
(9.2(0.84))

𝐾 = −0.05579
𝑒𝑤 = 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑖𝑔 9.23
(4), 𝑎𝐷 = (2) + (3)

(5), 𝐶𝐷𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴2412 = 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ

(6), ∆𝐶𝐷𝑖 = 0.318𝐾𝐶𝐿 2

(7), 𝐶𝐷𝐷 = (5) + (6)

(8), cos 𝑎𝐷 = cos(4)

(9), sin 𝑎𝐷 = sin(4)

(10), 𝐶𝐿 cos 𝑎𝐷 = (1)𝑥(8)

(11), 𝐶𝐷𝐷 sin 𝑎𝐷 = (7)𝑥(9)

(12), 𝐶𝑁 = (10) + (11)

(13), 𝐶𝐿 sin 𝑎𝐷 = (1)𝑥(9)

(14), 𝐶𝐷𝐷 cos 𝑎𝐷 = (7)𝑥(8)

(15), 𝐶𝐶 = (14) − (13)

(16), 𝐶. 𝑃. = 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ

(17), 𝐶𝑚𝑐/4 = (0.25 − (16))𝑥(12)

(18),𝐶𝑚𝑎.𝑐 = (17)((𝑎. 𝑐. −0.25)𝑥12))
𝑡
𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎. 𝑐. = 0.25 − 0.4(𝑐)2
18
𝑎. 𝑐. = 0.25 − 0.4(100)2

𝑎. 𝑐. = 0.23704
(6)
(19), 𝐶𝐷𝑖 = 𝐾𝐴𝐷

(20), 𝐶𝐷𝑂 = (7) − (19)

NACA 4518 Tables
NACA 4518
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
𝐶𝐿𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴4 1
𝑎 𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴4 18 ∆𝑎 𝑖 𝑎𝐷 𝐶𝐷𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴4 1 ∆𝐶𝐷𝑖 𝐶𝐷𝐷 cos 𝑎 𝐷 sin 𝑎 𝐷 𝐶𝐿 cos 𝑎 𝐷
- Deg. Deg. Deg. - - - - - -
0.00 -3.91 0.00000 -3.91 0.01200 0.00000 0.01200 0.99767 -0.06819 0.00000
0.10 -2.41 -0.10176 -2.51 0.01400 -0.00018 0.01382 0.99904 -0.04382 0.09990
0.20 -1.11 -0.20352 -1.31 0.01600 -0.00071 0.01529 0.99974 -0.02292 0.19995
0.30 0.51 -0.30528 0.20 0.01914 -0.00160 0.01754 0.99999 0.00357 0.30000
0.40 1.91 -0.40704 1.50 0.02429 -0.00284 0.02145 0.99966 0.02623 0.39986
0.50 3.30 -0.50880 2.79 0.02914 -0.00444 0.02470 0.99881 0.04870 0.49941
0.60 4.73 -0.61057 4.12 0.03629 -0.00639 0.02990 0.99742 0.07184 0.59845
0.70 6.12 -0.71233 5.41 0.04429 -0.00869 0.03560 0.99555 0.09424 0.69688
0.80 7.63 -0.81409 6.82 0.05457 -0.01135 0.04322 0.99293 0.11868 0.79435
0.90 9.05 -0.91585 8.13 0.06457 -0.01437 0.05020 0.98994 0.14149 0.89095
1.00 10.53 -1.01761 9.51 0.07657 -0.01774 0.05883 0.98625 0.16526 0.98625
1.10 12.16 -1.11937 11.04 0.09171 -0.02147 0.07024 0.98149 0.19151 1.07964
1.20 13.67 -1.28808 12.38 0.10686 -0.02555 0.08131 0.97674 0.21443 1.17209
1.30 15.37 -1.32289 14.05 0.12486 -0.02998 0.09488 0.97010 0.24272 1.26113
1.40 17.57 -1.42465 16.15 0.15114 -0.03477 0.11637 0.96056 0.27807 1.34478
1.50 19.99 -1.52641 18.46 0.18542 -0.03992 0.14550 0.94853 0.31670 1.42279
1.55 23.09 -1.57729 21.51 0.24686 -0.04262 0.20424 0.93034 0.36671 1.44202

NACA 4518
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
𝐶𝐷𝐷 sin 𝑎 𝐷 𝐶𝑁 𝐶𝐿 sin 𝑎 𝐷 𝐶𝐷𝐷 cos 𝑎 𝐷 𝐶𝐶 𝐶. 𝑃. 𝐶𝑚𝑐/4 𝐶𝑚𝑎.𝑐 𝐶𝐷𝑖 𝐶𝐷𝑂
- - - - - % - - - -
-0.00082 -0.00082 0.00000 0.01197 0.01197 - - - 0.00000 0.01200
-0.00061 0.09930 -0.00438 0.01381 0.01819 99.43 -0.07391 -0.07519 0.00035 0.01348
-0.00035 0.19960 -0.00458 0.01529 0.01987 74.68 -0.09916 -0.10175 0.00138 0.01391
0.00006 0.30006 0.00107 0.01754 0.01647 55.08 -0.09026 -0.09415 0.00311 0.01443
0.00056 0.40043 0.01049 0.02144 0.01095 46.92 -0.08777 -0.09296 0.00553 0.01592
0.00120 0.50061 0.02435 0.02468 0.00033 42.35 -0.08686 -0.09334 0.00864 0.01606
0.00215 0.60060 0.04310 0.02983 -0.01328 38.91 -0.08354 -0.09133 0.01244 0.01746
0.00335 0.70024 0.06597 0.03544 -0.03053 36.91 -0.08340 -0.09247 0.01694 0.01866
0.00513 0.79947 0.09494 0.04291 -0.05203 35.34 -0.08267 -0.09303 0.02212 0.02109
0.00710 0.89805 0.12734 0.04969 -0.07765 34.33 -0.08379 -0.09543 0.02800 0.02220
0.00972 0.99597 0.16526 0.05802 -0.10724 32.76 -0.07729 -0.09020 0.03457 0.02426
0.01345 1.09309 0.21066 0.06894 -0.14171 32.33 -0.08012 -0.09429 0.04182 0.02842
0.01744 1.18952 0.25731 0.07942 -0.17789 31.76 -0.08041 -0.09583 0.04977 0.03154
0.02303 1.28415 0.31554 0.09204 -0.22350 31.33 -0.08129 -0.09793 0.05842 0.03646
0.03236 1.37714 0.38930 0.11178 -0.27753 30.76 -0.07932 -0.09717 0.06775 0.04862
0.04608 1.46887 0.47505 0.13801 -0.33704 30.76 -0.08461 -0.10364 0.07777 0.06773
0.07490 1.51692 0.56840 0.19001 -0.37839 31.76 -0.10254 -0.12220 0.08304 0.12119
NACA 4518 Lift Coefficient vs. Drag Coefficient

𝐶𝐿 0.51826
( )𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
𝐶𝐷 0.02503
𝐶𝐿
( ) = 20.71
𝐶𝐷 𝑚𝑎𝑥
NACA 6518 Profile Graph
Explanation of Table (NACA 6518)

(1). 𝐶𝐿𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴2412 = Given

(2). 𝑎𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴2412 = 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ

(3). ∆𝑎𝑖 = 18.24𝐾𝐶𝐿

𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒:
1 1
𝐾= − (𝐴𝑒) ; 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
(𝐴𝑒)𝐷 6

𝐾 = −0.05579
𝑒𝑤 = 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑖𝑔 9.23
(4), 𝑎𝐷 = (2) + (3)

(5), 𝐶𝐷𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴2412 = 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ

(6), ∆𝐶𝐷𝑖 = 0.318𝐾𝐶𝐿 2

(7), 𝐶𝐷𝐷 = (5) + (6)

(8), cos 𝑎𝐷 = cos(4)

(9), sin 𝑎𝐷 = sin(4)

(10), 𝐶𝐿 cos 𝑎𝐷 = (1)𝑥(8)

(11), 𝐶𝐷𝐷 sin 𝑎𝐷 = (7)𝑥(9)

(12), 𝐶𝑁 = (10) + (11)

(13), 𝐶𝐿 sin 𝑎𝐷 = (1)𝑥(9)

(14), 𝐶𝐷𝐷 cos 𝑎𝐷 = (7)𝑥(8)

(15), 𝐶𝐶 = (14) − (13)

(16), 𝐶. 𝑃. = 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ

(17), 𝐶𝑚𝑐/4 = (0.25 − (16))𝑥(12)

(18),𝐶𝑚𝑎.𝑐 = (17)((𝑎. 𝑐. −0.25)𝑥12))
𝑡
𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎. 𝑐. = 0.25 − 0.4(𝑐)2
18
𝑎. 𝑐. = 0.25 − 0.4(100)2

𝑎. 𝑐. = 0.23704
(6)
(19), 𝐶𝐷𝑖 = 𝐾𝐴𝐷

(20), 𝐶𝐷𝑂 = (7) − (19)

NACA 6518 Table
NACA 6518
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
𝐶𝐿𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴6 1 𝑎 𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴6 18 ∆𝑎 𝑖 𝑎𝐷 𝐶𝐷𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴6 1 ∆𝐶𝐷𝑖 𝐶𝐷𝐷 cos 𝑎 𝐷 sin 𝑎 𝐷 𝐶𝐿 cos 𝑎 𝐷
- Deg. Deg. Deg. - - - - - -
0.00 -5.81 0.00000 -5.81 0.01522 0.00000 0.01522 0.99486 -0.10123 0.00000
0.10 -4.60 -0.10176 -4.70 0.01624 -0.00018 0.01606 0.99663 -0.08197 0.09966
0.20 -3.00 -0.20352 -3.20 0.01842 -0.00071 0.01771 0.99844 -0.05588 0.19969
0.30 -1.70 -0.30528 -2.01 0.01911 -0.00160 0.01751 0.99939 -0.03499 0.29982
0.40 0.00 -0.40704 -0.41 0.02145 -0.00284 0.01861 0.99997 -0.00710 0.39999
0.50 1.60 -0.50880 1.09 0.03448 -0.00444 0.03004 0.99982 0.01904 0.49991
0.60 2.81 -0.61057 2.20 0.03798 -0.00639 0.03159 0.99926 0.03838 0.59956
0.70 4.30 -0.71233 3.59 0.04621 -0.00869 0.03752 0.99804 0.06258 0.69863
0.80 5.93 -0.81409 5.12 0.05221 -0.01135 0.04086 0.99602 0.08917 0.79681
0.90 7.40 -0.91585 6.48 0.06288 -0.01437 0.04851 0.99360 0.11293 0.89424
1.00 8.89 -1.01761 7.87 0.07394 -0.01774 0.05620 0.99058 0.13697 0.99058
1.10 10.31 -1.11937 9.19 0.09011 -0.02147 0.06864 0.98716 0.15972 1.08588
1.20 12.00 -1.28808 10.71 0.10421 -0.02555 0.07866 0.98257 0.18587 1.17909
1.30 13.00 -1.32289 11.68 0.13427 -0.02998 0.10429 0.97930 0.20240 1.27309
1.40 15.99 -1.42465 14.57 0.15352 -0.03477 0.11875 0.96786 0.25148 1.35501
1.50 17.98 -1.52641 16.45 0.18001 -0.03992 0.14009 0.95905 0.28324 1.43857
1.60 22.30 -1.62818 20.67 0.26010 -0.04542 0.21468 0.93562 0.35301 1.49699
1.61 24.30 -1.63835 22.66 0.30522 -0.04599 0.25923 0.92280 0.38529 1.48570
NACA 6518
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
𝐶𝐷𝐷 sin 𝑎 𝐷 𝐶𝑁 𝐶
𝐶𝐿 sin 𝑎 𝐷 𝐷𝐷 cos 𝑎𝐷 𝐶𝐶 𝐶. 𝑃. 𝐶𝑚𝑐/4 𝐶𝑚𝑎.𝑐 𝐶𝐷𝑖 𝐶𝐷𝑂
- - - - - % - - - -
-0.00154 -0.00154 0.00000 0.01514 0.01514 - - - 0.00000 0.01522
-0.00132 0.09835 -0.00820 0.01601 0.02421 - - - 0.00035 0.01572
-0.00099 0.19870 -0.01118 0.01768 0.02886 - - - 0.00138 0.01633
-0.00061 0.29920 -0.01050 0.01750 0.02800 68.01 -0.12869 -0.13257 0.00311 0.01440
-0.00013 0.39986 -0.00284 0.01861 0.02145 58.91 -0.13559 -0.14077 0.00553 0.01308
0.00057 0.50048 0.00952 0.03004 0.02052 51.03 -0.13028 -0.13676 0.00864 0.02140
0.00121 0.60077 0.02303 0.03157 0.00854 47.03 -0.13235 -0.14014 0.01244 0.01915
0.00235 0.70098 0.04380 0.03744 -0.00636 43.70 -0.13108 -0.14017 0.01694 0.02058
0.00364 0.80046 0.07134 0.04069 -0.03064 40.01 -0.12015 -0.13052 0.02212 0.01873
0.00548 0.89972 0.10164 0.04820 -0.05344 38.72 -0.12344 -0.13510 0.02800 0.02051
0.00770 0.99827 0.13697 0.05567 -0.08130 37.01 -0.11989 -0.13283 0.03457 0.02163
0.01096 1.09684 0.17569 0.06776 -0.10793 36.08 -0.12153 -0.13575 0.04182 0.02682
0.01462 1.19371 0.22305 0.07729 -0.14575 35.02 -0.11961 -0.13508 0.04977 0.02889
0.02111 1.29420 0.26311 0.10213 -0.16099 34.81 -0.12696 -0.14373 0.05842 0.04587
0.02986 1.38487 0.35208 0.11493 -0.23715 34.82 -0.13599 -0.15394 0.06775 0.05100
0.03968 1.47825 0.42486 0.13436 -0.29050 34.62 -0.14221 -0.16137 0.07777 0.06232
0.07579 1.57277 0.56482 0.20086 -0.36396 35.01 -0.15743 -0.17782 0.08849 0.12620
0.09988 1.58558 0.62031 0.23922 -0.38110 35.12 -0.16046 -0.18101 0.08960 0.16964
NACA 6518 Lift Coefficient vs. Drag Coefficient

𝐶𝐿 0.38808
( )𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
𝐶𝐷 0.01771
𝐶𝐿
( ) = 21.91
𝐶𝐷 𝑚𝑎𝑥
Comparative Analysis
𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑎
Airfoil Selections 𝑁 𝐶𝑚𝑎.𝑐 𝑎. 𝑐
𝐶𝐿 𝐶𝐷 𝐶𝐿/𝐶𝐷 (𝐶 /𝐶𝐷 )𝑚𝑎𝑥

NACA 2412 3250000 1.62 0.00708 23.55 2.66 -0.04286 0.24424

NACA 4518 3130000 1.55 0.01200 20.71 3.56 -0.09298 0.23704

NACA 6518 3100000 1.61 0.01522 21.91 2.01 -0.15047 0.23704

Interpolation

For NACA 2412:

𝐶𝐿𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴2412 𝑎 𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴2412 𝐶𝐿𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴2412 𝐶𝑚𝑎.𝑐
- Deg. - -
0.30 2.22 0.30 -0.04235
0.33164 2.66 0.33164 -0.04286
0.40 3.62 0.40 -0.04397

For NACA 4518:

𝐶𝐿𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴4 1
𝑎 𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴4 18 𝐶𝐿𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴4 1 𝐶𝑚𝑎.𝑐
- Deg. - -
0.50 3.30 0.50 -0.09334
0.51826 3.56 0.51826 -0.09298
0.60 4.73 0.60 -0.09133

For NACA 6518

𝐶𝐿𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴6 1
𝑎 𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴6 18 𝐶𝐿𝑁𝐴𝐶𝐴6 1 𝐶𝑚𝑎.𝑐
- Deg. - -
0.30 -1.70 0.30 -0.13257
0.51826 2.01 0.51826 -0.15047
0.40 0.00 0.40 -0.14077

Justification:

The airfoil that we chose in designing the wing of our aircraft is NACA 6518. We figured that
𝐶
it would be ideal because it has relatively high (𝐶 𝐿 )𝑚𝑎𝑥 of 21.91 and a relatively low angle of attack.
𝐷

The low angle of attack will serve as a great aid in creating better take-off performance since there
is no need to alter the position of the wings too much as well as its angle.
Corrected Airfoil Characteristics Graph
Airfoil Construction

WINGS:

Root Chord:
12 𝑖𝑛. 2. 4 𝑐𝑚.
𝐶𝑟 = 5.32 𝑓𝑡. × × = 162.1536 𝑐𝑚.
1 𝑓𝑡. 1 𝑖𝑛.
Mean Aerodynamic Chord:
12 𝑖𝑛. 2. 4 𝑐𝑚.
. 𝐴. 𝐶. = 4.01 𝑓𝑡. × × = 122.2248 𝑐𝑚.
1 𝑓𝑡. 1 𝑖𝑛.
Tip Chord:
12 𝑖𝑛. 2. 4 𝑐𝑚.
𝐶𝑡 = 2.29 𝑓𝑡. × × = 69.7992 𝑐𝑚.
1 𝑓𝑡. 1 𝑖𝑛.
Wing Airfoils Using NACA 6518

Root Chord

Mean Aerodynamic Chord

Tip Chord

1:20
VERTICAL STABILIZER:

Root Chord:
12 𝑖𝑛. 2. 4 𝑐𝑚.
𝐶𝑟 = 3.9 𝑓𝑡. × × = 118.872 𝑐𝑚.
1 𝑓𝑡. 1 𝑖𝑛.
Mean Aerodynamic Chord:
12 𝑖𝑛. 2. 4 𝑐𝑚.
𝐴𝐶 = 3.0149 𝑓𝑡. × × = 91.894152 𝑐𝑚.
1 𝑓𝑡. 1 𝑖𝑛.
Tip Chord:
12 𝑖𝑛. 2. 4 𝑐𝑚.
𝐶𝑡 = 1.9 𝑓𝑡. × × = 57.912 𝑐𝑚.
1 𝑓𝑡. 1 𝑖𝑛.
Wing Airfoils Using NACA 0015

Root Chord

Mean Aerodynamic Chord

Tip Chord

1:20
HORIZONTAL STABILIZER:

Root Chord:
12 𝑖𝑛. 2. 4 𝑐𝑚.
𝐶𝑟 = 3.76 𝑓𝑡. × × = 114.6048 𝑐𝑚.
1 𝑓𝑡. 1 𝑖𝑛.
Mean Aerodynamic Chord:
12 𝑖𝑛. 2. 4 𝑐𝑚.
𝐴𝐶 = 2.9319 𝑓𝑡. × × = 89.364312 𝑐𝑚.
1 𝑓𝑡. 1 𝑖𝑛.
Tip Chord:
12 𝑖𝑛. 2. 4 𝑐𝑚.
𝐶𝑡 = 1.9 𝑓𝑡. × × = 57.912 𝑐𝑚.
1 𝑓𝑡. 1 𝑖𝑛.
Wing Airfoils Using NACA 0012

Root Chord

Mean Aerodynamic Chord

Tip Chord

1:20