9/1/2022

LEARNING OUTCOMES

NETWORKS &
• Identify each of the major protocols used in network communication
• Understand the various connection methods and speeds used on networks
• Compare and contrast a hub and a switch

THE INTERNET •
•
Identify what a router is and what it’s used for
Understand how data is transmitted over a network
Explain how the Internet works and the use of IP addresses and URLs
Pengantar Keamanan Siber •
• Use network utilities such as ping, IPConfig, and tracert
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• Describe the OSI model of network communication and the use of MAC addresses

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Physical Connection: RJ45 & NIC

Category Specifications Uses
Hub
NETWORK CABLE
5 100MHz/100Mbps Legacy, still used
6 1000Mbps (some Most commonly used for
Repeater get 10Gbps) networks

BASICS Switch TYPES 6a

7
8
10Gbps
10Gbps
40Gbps
High-speed networks
Very High-speed networks
Still rare

Router

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CONNECTION SPEEDS Commonly used now is: 802.11n:

Security: WEP - Wi-Fi Protected

Type Speed Details Access (WPA), then WPA2, and
most recently WPA3.
DS0 64 Kbps Standard phone line WIRELESS
ISDN 128 Kbps 2 DS0 lines working together
T1 1.54 Mbps 24 DS0 lines
CONNECTIONS Bluetooth (Short-distance radio
T3 43.2 Mbps 672 DS0 or 28 T1 using the 2.4GHz to 2.485GHz
frequency)
OC3 155 Mbps Fiber optic
OC12 622 Mbps
OC48 2.5 Gbps
Others such as ANT, ZigBee, Z-
Wave

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Protocol Name Purpose Port

FTP (File Transfer For transferring files between 20, 21
Protocol) computers
SSH (Secure Shell) Used to securely connect to a remote 22
system.
Telnet Used to remotely log on to a system. 23
NETWORK You can then use a command prompt
or shell to execute commands on that

PROTOCOLS
system. Popular with network
administrators
SMTP (Simple Mail Sends email 25
Transfer Protocol)
POP3 (Post Office Retrieves email 110

DATA TRANSMISSION
Protocol version 3)
HTTP (Hypertext Display web pages 80
Transfer Protocol)

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HOW THE INTERNET WORKS UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATORS (URL)

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BASIC NETWORK
UTILITIES
• ipconfig
• ping
• tracert
• netstat

DATA PACKETS
• nslookup
• arp
• route

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MAC ADDRESS

THE OSI MODEL

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