COMMUNITY

ENGAGEMENT,
SOLIDARITY, AND
CITIZENSHIP
(MODULE 1-4 ACTIVITIES)
 OVERVIEW
Community Engagement, Solidarity, and Citizenship is a multidisciplinary subject which
is drawn from the social science disciplines of sociology, anthropology, political science, social
psychology, social work, and community development. It focuses on the simplified and practical
application of ideas and methods of the abovementioned disciplines to help learners
understand, investigate, and examine challenges of contemporary community life. It aims to
educate learners on the core values and principles of social justice, human rights, gender
equality and equity, empowerment, participatory development, advocacy, and environmental
sustainability as applied to community action.

Module 1 deals with the basic understanding of community by delving into its definition,
elements of arriving at a sense of community, and its composite structures and before
typologies. Module 2 proceeds with the discussion of the factors on how dynamics in the
community change and how power structures and power actors play a role in community
dynamics. Module 3 discusses the heart of the matter by focusing on the meaning of community
engagement, solidarity and citizenship, together with their related concepts, and an overview of
social change. Module 4 deals with how community engagement, solidarity, and citizenship are
realized through community action, including the youth’s role in such action. This module ends
with the nonnegotiable principles that guide in assessing community action through ethical
standards of behavior. Such standards must be observed so that community initiatives could
safeguard the dignity of human beings without sacrificing harmony with creation.
 MODULE 1: UNDERSTANDING COMMUNITY
1. Given that the community can be understood and defined in three different ways, what is
common among them? Explain your answer.

-A network of interpersonal ties based on common interest, because if you don’t have common
interest about cooperating in a community there’s no teamwork between members in it. And also
it should have interpersonal ties for the members to cooperate so that’s why there will be
common interest.

2. What are the seven important features of shared emotional connection in a community?
Explain each feature.

 Contact hypothesis- Greater personal interaction increases the likelihood that people will
become close.
 Quality of Interaction- The quality level of relationship that a person has a perception of
manners into the other person. This behavior is essential for effective peer interaction and
learning.
 Closure to events- The quality of forming a united whole.
 Shared event hypothesis- Increased importance of a shared event, or specifically
facilitates and cooperate in a group bonds.
 Investment- The community becomes more important when someone values it more.
Beyond boundary maintenance and to behavioral decisions and attitude change.
 Effect of honor and humiliation on community members- Someone who has been
rewarded in front of a community feels more attracted to that community, than a
humiliated person because it has less attraction.
 Spiritual bond- A spiritual relationship is when people experiences harmony,
understanding, and peace with each other. Emotions come deep from within core or the
heart, physically and mentally. When they care for each other that’s spiritual bond. It’s
within the soul.
3. What are the different classifications of social groups in a community?

Primary Group
 A group held together by intimate, face-to-face relationships, formed by family and environmental
associations and regarded as basic to social life and culture.
Secondary Group
 Secondary Groups are large groups whose relationships are impersonal and goal oriented. People in a
secondary group interact on a less personal level than in a primary group, and their relationships are
generally temporary rather than long lasting.
In-Group and Out-Group
 In-Group is a social group to which a person psychologically identifies as being a member and Out-
Group is a social group with which an individual does not identify.
Reference Group
 A collection of people that we use as a standard of comparison for ourselves regardless of whether we
are part of that group.
Voluntary Group and Involuntary Groups
 Voluntary Group generally exist because people perceive a need and work together to bring about
change or group provide a service for the benefit of the community, while Involuntary Group is a
collection of individuals who work together because they have no choice.
Large Group and Small Group
 The definition of this two aren’t so clear, because states have different definitions for this but small group
defines a small if 1-50 people only and above is considered large group.
Patterned and Non-Patterned Group
 Patterned Group occurs when all members of a group act a particular way in certain circumstances,
making generalities to help predict specific behavior.

4. Why are symbols and language important for human beings in the context of community
cultural structure?

Symbols facilitate understanding into humans. Language is human beings method to communicate with
each other. This two are the tools of what allows us to form lasting bonds with one another. We can
share/express our feelings through language, we can identify and cooperate in the community because of
symbols. And we can convey our traditions and culture with one another. This two are what makes us a
fully human being. In other words language and symbols are what made the growth of unity in one
community.
5. What are the five types of capital assets in a community? Explain each.

 Human Capital
- It pertains habits, knowledge, social, capacity to work and personality attributes embodied in the ability
to perform labor so as to produce economic value. This is needed in community to achieve goals,
develop and remain creative.
 Social Capital
- The networks of relationships among people who live and work in a particular society, enabling that
society to function effectively.
 Natural Capital
- The living organisms and natural resources like air, water, land, products, aquatic resources, trees in
the forest and environmental services.
 Physical Capital
- Man-made goods that assist in the production process. It is a man-made objects that is being bought or
invested in and uses to produce goods.
 Financial Capital
- refers to saving, credit, and debt. Including pensions and remittances. .

6. What dominant type of human association exists in urban, rural, suburban, and rurban
communities, respectively? Explain your answer.

-In urban areas it has heterogeneous society in other words it is a city or a town.
There are lots of buildings and subdivisions in this area. There are lots of people
living close together in a small amount of space and there is not very much open
space or natural areas and have high-density of population
-In rural areas it is located outside cities or towns. It is a territorial or villages.
People usually living here are farmers and has an open swath land.
-In suburban area it is a mix-used or residential area. It just adjacent to the city,
surround the city.
-In rurban area stands for a new development of land that is between rural and
urban area.
7. How does social space exist in geographical or virtual communities?

In geographical community social space exist in some type of social interaction

or common tie between people in a community, talking and meeting in person or
gathering, while in virtual community social space are more likely in social media.
Interacting with your peers through different types of social medias like twitter,
facebook, Instagram and etc. They use internet or social media as their channel of
communication.

8. What are the different community sectors and their specific functions?

 Public Sectors
- The sector who is responsible for promoting common good, providing
security from external threats, and maintaining peace and order.
 Private Sector
- Responsible for people’s needs. Producing goods and services.
 Voluntary Sector
- Promote the development of the full potential of a human being.
- Pursue Sociocivic causes for good of humanity and the environment.
 For-benefit corporations
- Integrates social and environmental aims with business approaches and
embodies features like inclusive governance, and contribution of profits
to the common good.
9. How do the four elements of the Sense of Community come into play in the community you
belong to? Explain each element.

a. Membership

-Refers of belongingness and fitness in the group. Their

relatedness and brotherhood bring them as a group. Sharing
different attributes. The common tie of being in a community is
membership.

b. Influence

- Refers to the fact of being important and valued. The capacity

of a well-organized community can make the best members in.

c. Integration and
fulfillment of needs
- A feeling of fulfillment after participating in community
activities and affairs. They maintained being a member in the
community that is why they felt fulfillment.

d. Shared emotional
connection

- The commitment and belief the community has. History,

common places, shared events, positive experiences among group
members or bonds with one another. Shared the good times and
more experiences in the future.
10. Think of a social space you usually engage into. Why do you spend time and effort in that
social space?

I’m more likely in favor of geographical community. I think I’m more

talkative in personal. I just love talking to people face-to-face

like it’s just different for me than talking in social medias or in the internet. I can

really show or express what’s my emotions about our topic unlike in social medias

yes we can express also our emotions through social media but Its just so

different in personal specially if you really miss that person but you’re

just talking with her/him in a virtual world it’s a big difference meeting

her/him in person.