Youngsub Lim

Assistant Professor
Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
Seoul National University, S. Korea

414.271 해양 열/전기 기초 2015 봄 Exam 1

You can solve the problems in any order you want.

There are various ways to answer the questions. Any one is OK, if it is reasonable.
Trivial difference in the number will be acceptable.
If the procedure is correct, you will get a half score even though the number is not correct.
A unit must be specified in your final answer.

1. Select any two problems what you want to solve. (각 5 점씩 10 점)

주의: 3 문제 이상을 푼다고 해서 10 점을 초과해서 받을 수는 없음!

1-1. You are heating one mole of steam from 200℃, 1MPa to 500℃, 1MPa
(a) Calculate the heat required based on heat capacity
(b) Calculate the heat required based on steam table
(c) Explain why the results from (a) and (b) are different.

1-2. Show 𝒄𝑷 = 𝒄𝒗 + 𝑹 for an ideal gas

𝜕ℎ 𝜕(𝑢 + 𝑃𝑣) 𝜕𝑢 𝜕(𝑃𝑣)
𝑐𝑃 = ( ) =( ) =( ) +( )
𝜕𝑇 𝑃 𝜕𝑇 𝑃
𝜕𝑇 𝑃 𝜕𝑇 𝑃

For an ideal gas, Pv=RT

𝜕𝑢 𝜕(𝑅𝑇) 𝜕𝑢
=( ) +( ) =( ) +𝑅
𝜕𝑇 𝑃 𝜕𝑇 𝑃 𝜕𝑇 𝑃

For an ideal gas, u is a function of temperature only.

𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑢 𝜕𝑢
( ) = = ( ) = 𝑐𝑣
𝜕𝑇 𝑃 𝑑𝑇 𝜕𝑇 𝑣
Therefore,
𝑐𝑃 = 𝑐𝑣 + 𝑅

1-3. Calculate the entropy change when 1 mole of methane is heated and expanded from 1 bar
and 25℃ to 0.5 bar and 100℃
You can construct hypothetical reversible isothermal and isobaric path.
𝑇2
𝑐𝑃 𝑃2
∆s = ∫ 𝑑𝑇 − 𝑅 ln (eq 3.22)
𝑇1 𝑇 𝑃1
The pressure is not so high, therefore we can use ideal gas cp for methane.
From table A.2 (641p)
𝑐𝑃 = 𝑅(𝐴 + 𝐵𝑇 + 𝐶𝑇 2 + 𝐷𝑇 −2 + 𝐸𝑇 3 )
A B C
 Youngsub Lim
Assistant Professor
Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
Seoul National University, S. Korea

Methane 1.702 9.081*10-3 -2.164*10-6

𝑇2
cP 𝑇2
𝑅(𝐴 + 𝐵𝑇 + 𝐶𝑇 2 ) 𝑇2
𝐴 1 2 𝑇2
∫ 𝑑𝑇 = ∫ 𝑑𝑇 = 𝑅 ∫ + 𝐵 + 𝐶𝑇 𝑑𝑇 = 𝑅 [𝐴 ln 𝑇 + 𝐵𝑇 + 𝐶𝑇 ]
𝑇1 𝑇 𝑇1 𝑇 𝑇1 𝑇 2 𝑇1
𝑇2 1
= 𝑅 [𝐴 ln + 𝐵(𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ) + 𝐶(𝑇22 − 𝑇12 )] = 8.386 (𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾)
𝑇1 2
𝑃2 0.5
−𝑅 ln = −𝑅 ln = 5.762 (𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾)
𝑃1 1
∆s = 14.1 (𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾)

1-4. Show the van der Waals coefficient a, b can be written as:
27 (𝑅𝑇𝑐 )2 𝑅𝑇𝑐
𝑎= , 𝑏=
64 𝑃𝑐 8𝑃𝑐

2. Adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas

An ideal gas enters a turbine with a flow rate of 200 mol/s at a pressure of 100 bar and a
specific volume of 500 cm3/mol. The gas exits at 10 bar. You can assume this process is
reversible and adiabatic. You can use (3/2)R as the cv value for an ideal gas.
(a) Show 𝑷𝒗𝒌 = 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐭 for the adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas.

From the 1st law,

𝑑𝑢 = 𝛿𝑞 + 𝛿𝑤 = 𝛿𝑤 = −𝑃𝑑𝑣
𝜕𝑢
𝑐𝑣 = ( )
𝜕𝑇 𝑣
For an ideal gas, u is a function of temperature only.
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑐𝑣 𝑑𝑇
st
Combining this with 1 law,
𝑐𝑣 𝑑𝑇 = −𝑃𝑑𝑣
From ideal gas law 𝑃𝑣 = 𝑅𝑇,
𝑅𝑑𝑇 = 𝑃𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑃
𝑃𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑃
𝑐𝑣 = −𝑃𝑑𝑣
𝑅
(𝑐𝑣 + 𝑅)𝑃𝑑𝑣 = −𝑐𝑣 𝑣𝑑𝑃
(𝑐𝑣 + 𝑅) 1 1
− 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑𝑃
𝑐𝑣 𝑣 𝑃
(𝑐𝑣 +𝑅) 5/2𝑅 5
Let say 𝑐𝑣
= 𝑘 = 3/2𝑅 = 3 for ideal gas
 Youngsub Lim
Assistant Professor
Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
Seoul National University, S. Korea

1 1
−𝑘 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑𝑃
𝑣 𝑃
𝑣2 𝑃2
−𝑘 ln = ln
𝑣1 𝑃1
𝑣1 𝑘 𝑃2
( ) =
𝑣2 𝑃1
𝑃1 𝑣1𝑘 = 𝑃2 𝑣2𝑘
∴ 𝑃𝑣 𝑘 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡

(b) Calculate the power (MW) generated by this turbine.

Energy balance can be reduced as follows when steady-state, one inlet and one outlet, reversible,
and no negligible kinetic energy and potential energy.
𝑊̇𝑠
= ∫ 𝑣 𝑑𝑃
𝑛̇
From
5/3
𝑃𝑣 5/3 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 = 𝑃1 𝑣1
5/3 3/5 3/5
𝑃1 𝑣 𝑃 𝑣1
𝑣=( 1 ) = 1 3/5
𝑃 𝑃
3/5 3/5
𝑊̇𝑠 𝑃1 𝑣1 3/5 −
3
3/5 5 2 P2 5𝑃1 𝑣1 25 2
= ∫ 3/5 𝑑𝑃 = 𝑃1 𝑣1 ∫ 𝑃 5 𝑑𝑃 = 𝑃1 𝑣1 [ 𝑃5 ] = [𝑃2 − 𝑃15 ]
𝑛̇ 𝑃 2 P1 2
5 3 10−6 𝑚3 2 2
= 1005 ⋅ 500 ( ) [(10)5 − (100)5 ] (𝑏𝑎𝑟) = −7.5(kJ/mol)
2 𝑚𝑜𝑙
mol kJ
𝑊̇𝑠 = 200 ⋅ −7.5 = −1.5 (MW)
s mol

(c) Show the change of kinetic energy through the turbine is negligible. You can assume what
you need.

Let’s assume the diameter of the inlet and outlet pipe is 1m2. We cannot say the molecular weight of
an ideal gas, but let’s assume MW=100 g/mol. (Actually this is very big molecular weight)
𝑛̇ 𝑣1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 10−6 𝑚3 1
𝑣
⃗⃗⃗⃗1 = = 200 500 = 0.1 (𝑚/𝑠)
𝐴 𝑠 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑚2
𝑛̇ 𝑣2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 10−6 𝑚3 1
𝑣2 =
⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 200 1991 = 0.399 (𝑚/𝑠)
𝐴 𝑠 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑚2
∆Ek 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 𝑔 𝑘𝑔 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑚2
= 𝑚̇⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑣2 − 𝑚̇⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑣1 = 𝑀𝑊𝑛̇ (𝑣 ⃗⃗⃗⃗2 − 𝑣⃗⃗⃗⃗1 ) = 100 ⋅ 200 (0.42 − 0.12 ) 2
∆t 2 2 2 2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 1000𝑔 𝑠 𝑠
−8
= 0.015 (W) = 1.5 ⋅ 10 (MW)
 Youngsub Lim
Assistant Professor
Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
Seoul National University, S. Korea

This is really negligible. You can notify that the result will be negligible even if you assume other
value for the diameter or molecular weight.

3. Pv diagram for propane

You are trying to draw a Pv diagram of propane by using van der Waals equation of state.
Answer the question.
(a) Calculate the Van Der Waals coefficient a, b with unit and critical volume v c for the
propane.

For propane, Pc=42.44 bar and Tc=370K.

27 2
J2 2 2
1 𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝑃𝑎 𝑚2 𝑁 ⋅ 𝑚 J m3
𝑎= ⋅ 8.314 370 𝐾 = 0.9407
64 𝑚𝑜𝑙 2 𝐾 2 42.44 𝑏𝑎𝑟 105 𝑃𝑎 𝑁 J 𝑚𝑜𝑙 2
8.314 J 370 𝐾 𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝑃𝑎 𝑚2 𝑁 ⋅ 𝑚 −5
𝑚3
𝑏= = 9.060 ⋅ 10
8 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾 42.44 𝑏𝑎𝑟 105 𝑃𝑎 𝑁 J 𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑚3
𝑣𝑐 = 3𝑏 = 2.718 ⋅ 10−4
𝑚𝑜𝑙

(b) When you draw P vs v by using vdW EOS at the temperature 300K, 320K, and 340K, you
got the figure as follows:
Specify the saturation pressure and draw the isotherm at 300K, 320K, 340K and vapor-
liquid dome on the Pv diagram. If you want, you can use this diagram to submit your
answer.
Let’s use the Antoine Equation to find saturation pressure.
𝐵
ln 𝑃 𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 𝐴 −
𝑇+𝐶
For propane,
A B C
Propane 9.1058 1872.46 -25.16
𝑠𝑎𝑡
1872.46
𝑃𝑇=300 = exp (9.1058 − ) = 9.90 (bar)
300 − 25.16
𝑠𝑎𝑡
1872.46
𝑃𝑇=320 = exp (9.1058 − ) = 15.7 (bar)
320 − 25.16
𝑠𝑎𝑡
1872.46
𝑃𝑇=340 = exp (9.1058 − ) = 23.5 (bar)
340 − 25.16
 Youngsub Lim
Assistant Professor
Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
Seoul National University, S. Korea

(c) 삭제

4. Rankine cycle
You are designing an ideal Rankine cycle as follows:

Stream 1 is saturated liquid water of 1000 kg/hr at 1 bar. Stream 1 is pumped up to 50 bar
by the pump P-100, and heated to produce steam by the boiler E-101. Through the turbine
 Youngsub Lim
Assistant Professor
Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
Seoul National University, S. Korea

K-100, the steam is expanded to 1 bar and the outlet stream from the turbine is saturated
steam.
You can assume that the pressure drop of the boiler and cooler is negligible, and the
turbine and pump is isentropic.
(a) Calculate the power (kW) required to pump stream 1 to 2.

Stream 1 is saturated liquid water at 1 bar. We can find this point from saturated water steam table
B.2
P (MPa) T(℃) v (m3/kg) h (kJ/kg) s (kJ/kg)
Stream 1 0.1 99.62 0.001043 417.44 1.3025
Stream 2 is subcooled liquid. Because the pump is isentropic, the entropy of stream 2 is same as
stream 1. Because now we know P and s, we can find this point from sub-cooled liquid water table
B.5 at 5 MPa,
P (MPa) T(℃) v (m3/kg) h (kJ/kg) s (kJ/kg)
A 5 80 0.0010268 338.83 1.0719
B 5 100 0.0010410 422.71 1.3030
You can use interpolation.
ℎ𝐵 − ℎ𝐴 422.71 − 338.83
ℎ2 = (𝑠2 − 𝑠𝐴 ) + ℎ𝐴 = (1.3025 − 1.0719) + 338.83 = 422.53 (kJ/kg)
𝑠𝐵 − 𝑠𝐴 1.3030 − 1.0719
𝑇𝐵 − 𝑇𝐴 100 − 80
𝑇2 = (𝑠2 − 𝑠𝐴 ) + 𝑇𝐴 = (1.3025 − 1.0719) + 80 = 99.96 (℃)
𝑠𝐵 − 𝑠𝐴 1.3030 − 1.0719
𝑣𝐵 − 𝑣𝐴 0.0010410 − 0.0010268
𝑣2 = (𝑠2 − 𝑠𝐴 ) + 𝑣𝐴 = (1.3025 − 1.0719) + 0.0010268
𝑠𝐵 − 𝑠𝐴 1.3030 − 1.0719
= 0.001041 (m3 /kg)

P (MPa) T(℃) v (m3/kg) h (kJ/kg) s (kJ/kg)

Stream 2 5 99.96 0.001041 422.53 1.3025
From energy balance with one inlet/outlet and negligible ek, ep,
0 = 𝑄̇ + 𝑊̇𝑐 + 𝑚̇ℎ𝑖 − 𝑚̇ℎ𝑜
kg kJ kJ hr
𝑊̇𝑐 = 𝑚̇∆ℎ = 1000 (422.53 − 417.44) = 5090 = 1.41 (kW)
hr kg hr 3600 s

(b) Calculate the power (kW) produced from the turbine K-100.
Stream 4 is saturated steam at 1 bar. We can find this point from saturated water steam table B.2
P (MPa) T(℃) v (m3/kg) h (kJ/kg) s (kJ/kg)
Stream 4 0.1 99.62 1.694 2675.5 7.3593
 Youngsub Lim
Assistant Professor
Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
Seoul National University, S. Korea

Stream 3 is superheated steam at 50 bar having same entropy with stream 4. . Because now we
know P and s, we can find this point from superheated steam table B. 4 at 5 MPa,
P (MPa) T(℃) v (m3/kg) h (kJ/kg) s (kJ/kg)
A 5 600 0.07869 3666.5 7.2588
B 5 700 0.08849 3900.1 7.5122
You can use interpolation.
ℎ𝐵 − ℎ𝐴 3900.1 − 3666.5
ℎ3 = (𝑠3 − 𝑠𝐴 ) + ℎ𝐴 = (7.3593 − 7.2588) + 3666.5 = 3759.1 (kJ/kg)
𝑠𝐵 − 𝑠𝐴 7.5122 − 7.2588
𝑇𝐵 − 𝑇𝐴 700 − 600
𝑇3 = (𝑠3 − 𝑠𝐴 ) + 𝑇𝐴 = (7.3593 − 7.2588) + 600 = 639.7 (℃)
𝑠𝐵 − 𝑠𝐴 7.5122 − 7.2588
𝑣𝐵 − 𝑣𝐴 0.07869 − 0.08849
𝑣3 = (𝑠 − 𝑠𝐴 ) + 𝑣𝐴 = (7.3593 − 7.2588) + 0.07869
𝑠𝐵 − 𝑠𝐴 3 7.5122 − 7.2588
= 0.08258 (m3 /kg)
P (MPa) T(℃) v (m3/kg) h (kJ/kg) s (kJ/kg)
Stream 3 5 639.7 0.08258 3759.1 7.3593
From energy balance with one inlet/outlet and negligible ek, ep,
0 = 𝑄̇ + 𝑊̇𝑠 + 𝑚̇ℎ𝑖 − 𝑚̇ℎ𝑜
kg kJ kJ hr
𝑊̇𝑠 = 𝑚̇∆ℎ = 1000 (2675.5 − 3759.1) = −1083600 = −301 (kW)
hr kg hr 3600 s

(c) Calculate the heat required for the boiler E-101.

From energy balance with one inlet/outlet and negligible ek, ep,
0 = 𝑄̇ + 𝑊̇𝑠 + 𝑚̇ℎ𝑖 − 𝑚̇ℎ𝑜
kg kJ
𝑄ℎ̇ = 𝑚̇∆ℎ = 1000 (3759.1 − 422.53) = 926.8 (kW)
hr kg
(d) Calculate the heat removed at the cooler E-100.

From energy balance with one inlet/outlet and negligible ek, ep,
0 = 𝑄̇ + 𝑊̇𝑠 + 𝑚̇ℎ𝑖 − 𝑚̇ℎ𝑜
kg kJ
𝑄𝑐̇ = 𝑚̇∆ℎ = 1000 (417.44 − 2675.5) = −627.24 (kW)
hr kg

(e) Calculate the efficiency of this Rankine cycle

301 − 1.41
η= = 32.3%
926.8
(f) Draw a Ts diagram of this cycle.
 Youngsub Lim
Assistant Professor
Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
Seoul National University, S. Korea

P (MPa) T(℃) v (m3/kg) h (kJ/kg) s (kJ/kg)

Stream 1 0.1 99.62 0.001043 417.44 1.3025
Stream 2 5 99.96 0.001041 422.53 1.3025
Stream 3 5 639.7 0.08258 3759.1 7.3593
Stream 4 0.1 99.62 1.694 2675.5 7.3593

At 5 MPa, boiling point is 263.99℃, sl=2.9201 and sv=5.9733

700

600

500

400
T (℃)

300

200

100

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
s (kJ/kg)

(g) Draw a Pv diagram of this cycle.

(h) When you can use same hot and cold temperature in this Rankine cycle for a Carnot cycle,
calculate the efficiency of the Carnot cycle.
𝑇𝑐 99.62 + 273
ηCarnot = 1 − =1− = 59.2%
𝑇𝐻 639.7 + 273

(i) If the isentropic efficiency of the Turbine and Pump is 75%, calculate the efficiency of this
Rankine cycle and draw a Ts diagram of this cycle.
For the pump, isentropic work (𝑊̇𝑐,𝑖𝑠 ) means that the minimum work required to pump the fluid. The
isentropic efficiency for the pump is the ratio of actual work required
𝑊̇𝑐,𝑖𝑠
𝜂= = 0.75
𝑊̇𝑐,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙
𝑊̇𝑐,𝑖𝑠 1.41
𝑊̇𝑐,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = = = 1.89 (kW)
𝜂 0.75
That is, actually this pump consumes additional work because its efficiency is not 100%.
 Youngsub Lim
Assistant Professor
Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
Seoul National University, S. Korea

Then, the actual change of enthalpy (∆ℎ1→2,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 ) through the pump becomes
𝑊̇𝑐,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑊̇𝑐,𝑖𝑠 𝑚̇∆ℎ1→2,𝑖𝑠 422.53 − 417.44
∆ℎ1→2,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = = = = = 6.79 (kJ/kg)
𝑚̇ 𝜂𝑚̇ 𝜂𝑚̇ 𝜂
ℎ2,𝑎𝑐𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 417.44 + 6.79 = 424.23 (kJ/kg)
Because now we know P and h, we can find this point from the subcooled liquid water table at
5MPa.
P (MPa) T(℃) v (m3/kg) h (kJ/kg) s (kJ/kg)
A 5 100 0.0010410 422.71 1.3030
B 5 120 0.0010576 507.07 1.5232
You can use interpolation.
𝑠𝐵 − 𝑠𝐴 1.5232 − 1.3030
𝑠2,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = (ℎ2,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 − ℎ𝐴 ) + 𝑠𝐴 = (424.23 − 422.71) + 1.3030
ℎ𝐵 − ℎ𝐴 507.07 − 422.71
= 1.3070 (kJ/kg)
𝑇𝐵 − 𝑇𝐴 120 − 100
𝑇2,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = (ℎ2,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 − ℎ𝐴 ) + 𝑇𝐴 = (424.23 − 422.71) + 100
ℎ𝐵 − ℎ𝐴 507.07 − 422.71
= 100.4 (℃)
𝑣𝐵 − 𝑣𝐴
𝑣2,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = (ℎ − ℎ𝐴 ) + 𝑣𝐴
ℎ𝐵 − ℎ𝐴 2,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙
0.0010410 − 0.0010268
= (424.23 − 422.71) + 0.0010268
507.07 − 422.71
= 0.001041 (m3 /kg)

P (MPa) T(℃) v (m3/kg) h (kJ/kg) s (kJ/kg)

Stream
5 100.4 0.001041 424.23 1.3070
2 Actual

For the turbine, isentropic work (𝑊̇𝑠,𝑖𝑠 ) means that the maximum work produced. The isentropic
efficiency for the turbine is the ratio of actual work produce
𝑊̇𝑠,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙
𝜂= = 0.75
𝑊̇𝑠,𝑖𝑠
𝑊̇𝑠,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = 𝜂 𝑊̇𝑠,𝑖𝑠 = 0.75 ∗ −301 = −225.8 (kW)
That is, actually this turbine produces less work because its efficiency is not 100%.
Then, the actual change of enthalpy (∆ℎ3→4,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 ) through the turbine becomes
𝑊̇𝑠,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝜂𝑊̇𝑠,𝑖𝑠 𝜂𝑚̇∆ℎ3→4,𝑖𝑠
∆ℎ3→4,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = = = = 𝜂(2675.5 − 3759.1) = −812.7 (kJ/kg)
𝑚̇ 𝑚̇ 𝑚̇
ℎ3,𝑎𝑐𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑙 = ℎ4 − ∆ℎ3→4,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = 2675.5 − −812.7 = 3488.2 (kJ/kg)
Because now we know P and h, we can find this point from the superheated steam table at 5MPa.
P (MPa) T(℃) v (m3/kg) h (kJ/kg) s (kJ/kg)
A 5 500 0.06857 3433.8 6.9758
B 5 600 0.07869 3666.5 7.2588
 Youngsub Lim
Assistant Professor
Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
Seoul National University, S. Korea

You can use interpolation.

𝑠𝐵 − 𝑠𝐴 7.2588 − 6.9758
𝑠2,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = (ℎ2,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 − ℎ𝐴 ) + 𝑠𝐴 = (3488.2 − 3433.8) + 6.9758
ℎ𝐵 − ℎ𝐴 3666.5 − 3433.8
= 7.3593 (kJ/kg)
𝑇𝐵 − 𝑇𝐴 600 − 500
𝑇2,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = (ℎ2,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 − ℎ𝐴 ) + 𝑇𝐴 = (3488.2 − 3433.8) + 500
ℎ𝐵 − ℎ𝐴 3666.5 − 3433.8
= 523.4 (℃)
𝑣𝐵 − 𝑣𝐴 0.07869 − 0.06857
𝑣2,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = (ℎ2,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 − ℎ𝐴 ) + 𝑣𝐴 = (3488.2 − 3433.8) + 0.06857
ℎ𝐵 − ℎ𝐴 3666.5 − 3433.8
= 0.007094 (m3 /kg)

P
T(℃) v (m3/kg) h (kJ/kg) s (kJ/kg)
(MPa)
Stream
0.1 99.62 0.001043 417.44 1.3025
1
Stream
5 100.3595701 0.0010413 424.22667 1.3069589
2 Actual
Stream
5 523.3777396 0.07093583 3488.2 7.2588
3 actual
Stream
0.1 99.62 1.694 2675.5 7.3593
4

kg kJ
𝑄ℎ̇ = 𝑚̇∆ℎ = 1000 (3488.2 − 424.23) = 851.1 (kW)
hr kg
225.8 − 1.89
η= = 26.3%
851.1
At 5 MPa, boiling point is 263.99℃, sl=2.9201 and sv=5.9733 (same)

600

500

400
T (℃)

300

200

100

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
s (kJ/kg)
 Youngsub Lim
Assistant Professor
Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
Seoul National University, S. Korea

5. Answer these questions

단답식, 설명식 문제의 경우 이해없이 답을 베껴오는 경우가 너무 많아서 풀이를 제공하지
않음.