SB Mishra Lecturer Govt. Polytechnic, Koderma 1. Brief introduction to Coal mining 2. Classification of Mining methods Welcome you all to join the class gth Jun, 2020 Lets all join ...... Scanned with CamScannerWhat is Coal? * Coal is a fossil fuel * Itis a combustible, sedimentary, organic rock, which is composed mainly of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen. + Itis formed from vegetation, which has been consolidated between other rock strata and altered by the combined effects of pressure and heat over millions of years to form coal seams. * This caused physical and chemical changes in the vegetation, transforming it into peat and then into coal. ‘Scanned with CamScannerWhat is Coal? + There are two theories proposed for accumulation of plant material (that had transform into coal) — 1. In-situ Theory 2. Drift theory * The quality of coal deposit is determined by temperature and pressure and by the length of time in formation * the progressive increase in the organic maturity Peat — Lignite — Sub-bituminous — Bituminous — Anthracite (Brown Coal) Scanned with CamScannerIn-sintu Theory:- Decomposition of vegetation at the same place Scanned with CamScannerAustralia and Japan coal deposits are In-sintu theory In which ash percentage very low Due to There is no Coal washery Scanned with CamScannerDrift Theory:- Decomposition of vegetation —) to another location through displacement In India 90 to 95% coal deposits are Drift Theory In which more ash generally about 18%. Due to Coal wahery in India Scanned with CamScannerit means coal grade lower than Australia and Japan| Scanned with CamScannerBrief introduction'to Coal mining *Coal Mining is the terms used for extraction of coal from earth's surface + In India Mining of coal stated thousands of year ago, the first published reference dates back to year 1774 in Raniganj Coalfield * In 1900 about 95% of the world’s commercial energy was derived from coal, 4% from oil and gas, and less than 1% from hydraulic sources. + With the advent of oil, world become more or more g dependent on oil for their need and share of coal to meet the energy requirement felt down considerably. + In India, Industrialisation after independence leads to a surge demand of energy and same time manifold increase of oil price during 1973 lead to the increased demand for coal. Scanned with CamScannerBrief introduction téCoal mining * Indian Coal Industry is the World's third largest in terms of production and fifth largest in terms of reserves. * Top coal producing states are Orissa, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Tamilnadu Coal Production in Different States in 2016-17 Scanned with CamScanner3rief introduction to Coal n /Oal Ind he We terms of production and fifth reserves. * Top coal producing states ar West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, N Maharashtra, and TamilnaduFacts about India * As per 2017 survey report of GSI, Total reserve is 3,15,149 MT (Coal) + 44,698 MT (Lignite) * Number of Coal Mines in India (2017) Opencast: 210, Underground: 252, Mixed: 31 * Total Coal production in India (in 2017) (including Public and Private sectors) 639.23 MT (Coal) + 45.23 MT (Lignite) @ * Production of Coal by Technology (in 2017) Opencast: 92.7 %, Underground: 7.30% Source: Indian Minerals Yearbook 2017 Scanned with CamScanner*Planned Demand Projection (XII"" five year Plan) Power: 628 MT, Steel sector: 67 MT, Cement: 48 MT, others: 237.5 MT Total: 980.50 MT / Year *Planned supply Projection (XII** five year Plan) CIL: 556.4 MT, SCCL: 57 MT, others: 101.6 MT (This leaves a gap of 265.50 million tonnes between demand and indigenous availability, to be € met through imports.) Import: 265.50 MT/Year e Total: 980.50 MT / Year Source: Indian Minerals Yearbook 2017 Scanned with CamScanner*Planned Demand Projection (XII"" five year Plan) Power: 628 MT, Steel sector: 67 MT, Cement: 48 MT, others: 237.5 MT Total: 980.50 MT / Year *Planned supply Projection (XII*® five year Plan) CIL: 556.4 MT, SCCL: 57 MT, others: 101.6 MT (This leaves a gap of 265.50 million tonnes between demand and indigenous availability, to be € met through imports.) e Import: 265.50 MT/Year Total: 980.50 MT / Year Source: Indian Minerals Yearbook 2017 Scanned with CamScannerWORLD REVIEW > World proved coal reserves were estimated at 1,139 billion tonnes at the end of 2016 of which + Anthracite and Bituminous Coal - 72% and + Sub-bituminous Coal and Lignite - 28% > China continued to be the largest producer of coal & lignite with about 47% share in total world production, followed by USA (10%), India (9%), Australia & Indonesia (6% each), Russia (5%) and South Africa (3% ). The remaining 14% of the total world coal production was from other countries > Australia is the world's fourth largest producer and world's leading exporter of coal. . > Coal was mainly imported from Indonesia (48%), Australia (24%), South Africa (18%) and USA (3%), whereas coke was imported mainly from China (71%), Poland (12%), Australia & Japan (6% each) and Russia & Colombia (2% each). >» Coal was mainly exported to Bangladesh (52%), Nepal sina Bhutan, UAE & Iran (4% each). Coke was exported predominantly to China (37%), Bhutan & Nepal (25% each), Pakistan (5%) and Bangladesh (3%). Scanned with CamScannerClassification of Mining methods Mining Methods ited Opencast When the cost of Overburden removal to expose the coal is economical Up to depth of 250 m *Reserve is limited for few years the gi Underground Method of working * Deposits are located far beneath ound U/g Coal Gasification Bord and Pillar Method | Longwall Method | L/W Advancing L/W Retreating T T Shortwall Method. =~ Scanned with CamScannerMixed Mining Means 1. Shortwall MINING 2. HIGHWALL MINING Shortwall is combination of longwall and board and pillar method Mining And Highwall is combination of opencast and B & P Method Scanned with CamScannerCoal gasassification It is latest Method successfully try jhanjra ECL Q. jhanjra ecl ¥ ALL MAPS NEWS ~—s-VIDEOS_-—s IMAGES SHOPPIN jhanjra ec! jhanjra Stet Results in English Rata a “ Map data ©2020 Jhanjra Village in West Bengal Jhanjra is a village in Faridpur Durgapur CD Block in é @ Durgapur subdivision of Paschim Bardhaman district in the state of West Bengal, India. Wikipedia Area code: 0343 Vidhan Sabha constituency: Pandaveswar st modified Scanned with CamScannerClassification of Coal Mining It means there are 3 types of coal classification 1. opencast method 2. underground mining And 3.Coal gasification Coal gassification is in underground And 4. Coal liquidification also possible Scanned with CamScannerInput and output of coke We give to prime coke to chaina And Chaina give me lower category coke Scanned with CamScanner?Jant requirements and input+output of coal Plant required accurate quantity of Coal as they demand If he demands 6-7 ash% coal then Indian caol wash the coal by Coal washery and decrease the value of ash% in coal In foreign plant require 18% ash coal then foreign countries take coal from India India energy sources demand doesn't need by Indian coal field therefore India take coal other countries. Note:- é 3Rd - production- - INDIA 5th- store——--—---- INDIA Australia first category in Coal output But Australia is the world forth laraest producer Scanned with CamScannerEstimated factor it is being estimated that Anthracite Will become diamond after milion year ago ( only it is estimated in India) Scanned with CamScannerCoal Conversion 3 factors work in Peat to Anthracite conversion of Coal i.e. pressure, Heat and Time these factors decide coal is peat, lignite, Sub- bituminous, bituminous and Anthracite. Time- million year (generally) Scanned with CamScanneri oo . 7) Ny yy , Psi ‘ oe | — Oe tae ee pilin as ae - p, Tem ime skills Laat gad [fe | Lams wt MTA, . += I aan En f a 1 el = Wish Req, Ujporord” = i Scanned with CamScanner‘Scanned with CamScanner‘Scanned with CamScanner‘Scanned with CamScanner