Sci 201

Advanced Physical Science

S.Y. 2022-2023

Name: Judy-Ann R. Cercado

Course: MAED major in General Science

Activity 1: Scientific terms/Process of Science

Directions: Answer the following, select the letter of the best answer, and explain
1. In General, scientific investigations have which activities in common?
a. State problem, gather data, make hypothesis test, make conclusion
b. Collect observation, develop explanations, test explanation
c. Observe nature, reason, or explanation for what is observed
d. Observe nature, collect data, modify data to fit scientific model

Answer: B. Collect observation, develop explanations, test explanation. A scientific investigation is a

plan for asking questions and testing possible answers. A scientific investigation typically begins with
an observation because we make observations all the time by using our senses and this observation
led us to ask question. From our observation we can give potential answer or a hypothesis to our
question, to prove that our probable answer is correct, we need to conduct a test or an experiment to
see if it’s likely correct.

2. After years of observing a homemaker concluded “ugly rugs never wear out’. This person has
made a statement that is.
a. Theory b. Objective c. a hypothesis d. a scientific law

Answer: C. a hypothesis. Because the homemaker does not do any experiment to prove his statement,
he just gives his observation what is happening in the rug.

3. According to the scientific method, what needs to be done to move beyond conjecture or simple
hypothesis is a person’s understanding?
a. Search for answer on the interest
b. Make an educated guess
c. Find an understood model with enemies
d. Conduct a controlled experiment

Answer: D. Conduct a controlled experiment. The person can use controlled experiments because they
allow for precise control of extraneous and independent variables. This allows a cause-and-effect
relationship to be established. It also follows a standardized step by step procedure.
Activity 2: Motion – Speed, Velocity, Acceleration
Conceptual Questions:

1. If the velocity of a particle is nonzero, can the particle’s acceleration be zero? Explain
- Yes, the particles of acceleration can be zero, if the velocity of a particle is nonzero,
because acceleration is the rate of change of velocity, if the velocity is constant and not
changing, then the acceleration is zero.

2. If the velocity of a particle is xero, can the [article’s acceleration be nonzero? Explain.
- Yes, the particles of acceleration can be zero if a velocity of a particle is zero. Assumed
that you are throwing up a ball or any object it is going to have that one split pause before
zero velocity at its maximum height before it accelerates downward.

3. If a car is travelling eastward, can its acceleration be westward? Explain

- Yes, its acceleration would be westward, because of a car that is traveling eastward and
slowing down, its acceleration is opposite to the direction of travel. Assumed that you’re
driving a car moving eastward, and if you tap the gas, you are accelerating eastward. On
the other hand, if you are moving eastward and you step on the brakes, you will
accelerate westward even though you are still moving eastward, it includes a negative
eastward acceleration, or equivalently, a positive westward acceleration

4. Consider the following combinations of signs and values for the velocity and acceleration of a
particle with respect to one-dimensional x-axis.
Velocity Acceleration
a. Positive Positive
- An object which accelerating in the same direction as the velocity (both are going
eastward in this) is speeding up. And so as you trace your eyes from left to right direction
across the diagram (eastward) the dots should be spaced further and further more to
indicate that the object is speeding up.

Ex. A BFP officer drive a fire truck to respond the house who’s burned down, to get there
quickly the driver step on the gas continuously.

b. Positive Negative
- An object that moves eastward and accelerating must be slowing down. An object which
moves east direction has a positive velocity, if the object slowing down then its velocity is
directed in the opposite direction as its motion in this case is a negative acceleration
 Ex. Engr. Austin was able to attend a meeting in Tarlac for a bidding event, the fastest
rate is taking expressway, he drove a car approaching the tollgate and slow down to pay
the toll fee.

c. Positive Zero
d. Negative Positive
e. Negative Negative
f. Negative Zero
g. Zero Positive
h. Zero Negative

Describe what the particle is doing in each case and give a real-life example of an automobile on an
east-west one-dimensional axis, with east considered the positive direction.

5. A ball roll in a straight line along the horizontal direction. Using motion diagrams, describe the
velocity and acceleration of the ball for each of the following situations:

(a) the ball moves to the right at the constant speed.

(b) the ball moves from right to left and continually slows down.

(c) the moves from right to left and continually speeds up.
(d) the ball moves to the right, first speeding up at a constant rate and then slowing down at a
constant rate.