5/12/22, 23:24 SIS 2.

2013/10/06 Lockup Clutch and Solenoid Valve (Torque Converter) (UENR1447-02)

SMCS - 3124, 3174, 5479 i04727969

Illustration 1 g03330700
View of the torque converter lockup clutch and solenoid valve
(1) Lockup clutch solenoid valve
(2) Inlet passage from the transmission oil filter
(3) Pressure tap
(4) Torque converter updrive housing

Illustration 2 g02829000

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5/12/22, 23:24 SIS 2.0

Torque converter lockup clutch and solenoid valve

(5) Cover
(6) Selector piston
(7) Load piston
(8) Load piston body
(9) Pilot passage
(10) Passage in selector piston
(11) Drain passage
(12) Springs
(13) Load piston plug
(14) Pilot passage
(15) Load piston orifice
(16) Modulation reduction valve
(17) Passage for pump oil
(18) Drain passage
(19) Springs
(20) Ball check
(21) Pressure reduction valve
(22) Lockup solenoid
(23) Pilot passage
(24) Shuttle valve
(25) Drain passage
(26) Ball check
(27) Spring
(28) Valve body
(29) Passage to lockup clutch
(30) Drain passages
(31) Pump inlet
Lockup clutch and solenoid valve (1) controls the operation of the lockup clutch of the torque converter. Pressure oil from the valve group engages
the lockup clutch. This oil comes from the transmission pump section and through the oil filter into pump inlet (31) of valve body (28).

Drain passages (11), (18), (25) and (30) are all connected. This drain oil goes into torque converter updrive housing (4). The torque converter
scavenge pump section then sends the drain oil back to the reservoir in the transmission output transfer gear case.

Pressure reduction valve (21) decreases the supply oil pressure in pump inlet (31) to approximately 1725 ± 250 kPa (250 ± 36 psi). At this reduced
pressure, the supply oil can be used by lockup solenoid (22). The flow of the oil to selector piston (6) from pilot passage (9) is controlled by lockup
solenoid (22).

Pressure reduction valve (21) continues controlling the pressure at pump inlet (31). Oil pressure goes through an orifice in pressure reduction valve
(21), opens ball check (20), and goes into the slug chamber in the valve. This pressure pushes against the force of springs (19).

When the pressure at pump inlet (31) is higher than the force of springs (19), pressure reduction valve (21) compresses springs (19). Some of the
oil in pilot passage (9) goes into drain passages (30). Pressure reduction valve (21) moves to the right and left to keep a constant pressure in pilot
passage (9).

Modulation reduction valve (16) controls the pressure and time taken to engage and release the lockup clutch. Pump oil goes through passage (17)
to modulation reduction valve (16) at transmission pump pressure approximately 240 kPa (35 psi).

Lockup Started (Clutch Filling)

When the transmission control gets the indication for direct drive (to engage the lockup clutch), an electric signal is sent to lockup solenoid (22).
Lockup solenoid (22) activates (opens) and lets pilot oil from pilot passage (9) go into pilot passage (23). The pilot oil pushes shuttle valve (24) over
which closes drain passage (25). The pilot oil moves the ball inside the shuttle valve and goes through pilot passage (14) to the end of selector
piston (6).

The oil pressure causes selector piston (6) along with load piston (7) to move against the force of springs (12). This causes modulation reduction
valve (16) to move against the force of spring (27). Oil flow through passage (29) to drain passage (18) is now blocked. Passage (29) is open to
passage (17). Pump oil now goes to fill the lockup clutch.

At this time, oil also goes through load piston orifice (15) and passage (10). This oil goes between selector piston (6) and load piston (7).

Lockup Completed (Clutch Engaged)

After the lockup clutch is full of oil, the pressure increases in the clutch. The load piston (7) pushes against the force of springs (12). Lockup clutch
oil goes through an orifice in modulation reduction valve (16), opens ball check (26), and goes into the slug chamber of the valve. This pressure
works against the pressure from the pilot oil at the end of load piston (7). The pressure from the lockup clutch increases until load piston (7) is
moved all the way down against the stop. The pressure in the clutch is now at maximum 1725 ± 70 kPa (250 ± 10 psi). Modulation reduction valve
(16) moves up and down to keep a constant pressure in passage (29).

Two components control the amount of time taken for the pressure in the lockup clutch to get to maximum: the size of load piston orifice (15) and
the force of spring (12). The force of spring (12) can be changed by the removal or addition of shims in load piston (7) under spring (12).

Lockup Clutch Disengaged (Released)

The transmission control receives the indication to go to torque converter drive from direct drive (to disengage the lockup clutch). The electric
signal to lockup solenoid (22) is stopped. The lockup solenoid deactivates (closes) and stops the flow of pilot oil into pilot passage (23) and drains
the passage. The force of springs (12) moves selector piston (6) up which causes the pressure oil in pilot passage (14) to push against shuttle
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5/12/22, 23:24 SIS 2.0

valve (24). The the ball inside the shuttle valve moves to the left. The oil pressure causes shuttle valve (24) to move to the left which opens pilot
passage (14) to drain passage (25). Selector piston (6) now moves up against load piston body (8).

Passage (10) is now in alignment with drain passage (11). The force of springs (12) moves load piston (7) all the way up against selector piston (6).
Modulation reduction valve (16) now moves all the way up because of the force of spring (27). In this position, pump oil in passage (17) is blocked
to passage (29). Passage (29) is now open to drain passage (18) and the pressure in the lockup clutch is released.

PSP-0007D04E
2022/12/06
04:24:34-05:00
i04727969
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