In each of the following figures, AOC is a straight line. Find x.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (adj. s on st. line)

(b) (adj. s on st. line)

====================================================

If the exterior angles of a heptagon are x + 1, 2x, 100, 3x, 50, 29 and 3x, find x.

##
(sum of ext. ∠s of polygon)

====================================================

In each of the following figures, AOD is a straight line. Find y.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (adj. s on st. line)
(b) (adj. s on st. line)

====================================================

In each of the following figures, AOD is a straight line. Find z.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (adj. s on st. line)

(b) (adj. s on st. line)

====================================================

Find a in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (s at a pt.)
(b) (s at a pt.)

====================================================

Find b in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (s at a pt.)

(b) (s at a pt.)

====================================================

Find c in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (s at a pt.)
(b) (s at a pt.)

====================================================

In each of the following figures, AOB and COD are straight lines. Find p.
(a) (b)

##
(a) ∵ BOC = AOD (vert. opp. s)
∴

(b) ∵ AOC = BOD (vert. opp. s)

∴

====================================================

In each of the following figures, AOB and COD are straight lines. Find the unknowns.
(a) (b)

##
(a) (vert. opp. s)
 (adj. s on st. line)

(b) (adj. s on st. line)

(adj. s on st. line)

∵ AOD = BOC (vert. opp. s)

====================================================

In the following figures, AOB, COD and EOF are straight lines. Find the unknowns.
(a) (b)

##
(a) (adj. s on st. line)

∵ AOC = BOD (vert. opp. s)

∴

(b) (vert. opp. s)

(adj. s on st. line)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (corr. s, CD // AB)

(adj. s on st. line)

(b) (adj. s on st. line)

(corr. s, CD // AB)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (adj. s on st. line)

(alt. s, AB // CD)

(b) b=a (alt. s, CD // AB)

 (adj. s on st. line)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (int. s, CD // AB)

(vert. opp. s)

(b) (int. s, AB // CD)

(alt. s, AB // CD)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) c = b (vert. opp. s)
(int. s, CD // EF)

(corr. s, AB // EF)

(b) (alt. s, EF // AB)

(int. s, CD // AB)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (alt. s, FB // AE)
(corr. s, CD // AB)

(b) (int. s, CD // AB)

(vert. opp. s)

(corr. s, ED // GA)

(alt. s, EF // CD)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (alt. s, CD // AB)
(alt. s, EB // CH)

(adj. s on st. line)

(b) (alt. s, EB // AF)

(alt. s, AB // CD)
(s at a pt.)

====================================================
In each of the following figures, is AB parallel to CD? Give the reason.
(a) (b)

##
(a) ∵

∴ (int. s supp.)

(b) (adj. s on st. line)

∵ BPE = DRE = 120

∴ AB // CD (corr. s equal)

====================================================

In each of the following figures, is AB parallel to CD? Give the reason.

(a) (b)

##
(a) ∵

∴ (int. s supp.)

(b)

∵ ABC = BCD = 105

∴ AB // CD (alt. s equal)
====================================================

In each of the following figures, is AB parallel to CD? Give the reason.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (adj. s on st. line)

∵ BEK = DGK = 76

∴ AB // CD (corr. s equal)

(b) (vert. opp. s)

∵ AGC = FCD = 5x
∴ AB // CD (alt. s equal)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) In △ABC,
( sum of △)

(b) In △ABC,
 ( sum of △)

In △BCD,
( sum of △)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) In △ABC,
(ext.  of △)

(b) In △ABC,
(ext.  of △)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) In △ABC,
( sum of △)

(b) In △ABC,
(ext.  of △)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) In △ABD,
 (ext.  of △)

In △ABC,
( sum of △)

(b) In △ABC,
( sum of △)

(ext.  of △)

(adj. s on st. line)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (adj. s on st. line)

In △ABC,
(ext.  of △)

(b) CDB = 105 (vert. opp. s)

In △BCD,
( sum of △)

In △ABD,
(ext.  of △)

====================================================

In the figure, AB and CE intersect at D. It is given that A = 50, B = 40 and BDE =
85.
(a) Is AC perpendicular to BC? Give the reason.
(b) Is CE the angle bisector of ACB? Give the reason.
##
(a) In △ABC,
( sum of △)

∴ AC is perpendicular to BC.

(b) In △BCD,
(ext.  of △)

∵
∴ CE is the angle bisector of ACB.

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) ∵ BC = BA
∴ (base ∠s, isos. △)
∵ (∠ sum of △)

∴
(b) ∵ AC = AB
∴ (base ∠s, isos. △)
∵ (∠ sum of △)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (adj. ∠s on st. line)

In △ABC,
∵ AB = AC
∴ (base ∠s, isos. △)

(ext. ∠ of △)

(b) In △ABC,
∵ CA = CB
∴ (base ∠s, isos. △)
(ext. ∠ of △)

(adj. ∠s on st. line)

====================================================

In each of the following figures, △ABC is an equilateral triangle. Find the unknowns.
(a) (b)

##
(a) ∵ △ABC is an equilateral triangle.
∴ (prop. of equil. △)
∵
∴

In △ABD,
(ext. ∠ of △)

(b) ∵ AB = AC and BD = DC
∴ x = z and (prop. of isos. △)
∵ △ABC is an equilateral triangle.
∴ (prop. of equil. △)
∵
∴

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) In △ABD,
∵ AB = BD = AD
∴ (prop. of equil. △)
In △ADC,
(ext. ∠ of △)

(b) In △BCD,
∵ BC = CD = BD
∴ (prop. of equil. △)
In △ABC,
(∠ sum of △)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (alt. ∠s, DE // AB)
In △CDE,
∵ CD = CE
 ∴ (base ∠s, isos. △)

(∠ sum of △)

(b) In △ABC,
∵ AB = AC
∴ (base ∠s, isos. △)
∵ AB = AC and BE = EC
∴ (prop. of isos. △)
In △AEC,
(ext. ∠ of △)

In △ACD,
∵ AC = CD = AD
∴ (prop. of equil. △)
(adj. ∠s on st. line)

====================================================

Refer to the given figure.

(a) Express c in terms of b.
(b) Hence, find b and c.

##
(a) In △ABC,
∵ CA = CB
∴ ∠CAB = b (base ∠s, isos. △)
 (ext. ∠ of △)

In △ACD,
∵ AD = AC
∴ (base ∠s, isos. △)

(b) In △ABD,
(∠ sum of △)

====================================================

Refer to the given figure.

(a) Express y in terms of x.
(b) Hence, find x and y.

##
(a) (int. ∠s, DE // AB)

(b) In △CEB,
∵ CB = CE
∴ (base ∠s, isos. △)
 ( sum of △)

====================================================

In each of the following figures, determine whether △ABC is an isosceles triangle. Give
the reason.
(a) (b)

##
(a) In △ABC,
(∠ sum of △)

∵ ∠A = ∠C = 70
∴ BC = BA (sides opp. equal ∠s)
∴ △ABC is an isosceles triangle.

(b) In △ABC,
(ext. ∠ of △)

(adj. ∠s on st. line)

∵
∴ △ABC is not an isosceles triangle.
====================================================

In each of the following figures, determine whether △ABC is an equilateral triangle.

Give the reason.
(a) (b)

##
(a) In △ABC,
∵ CA = CB
∴ (base ∠s, isos. △)
(∠ sum of △)

∵
∴ BC = AC = AB
∴ △ABC is an equilateral triangle.

(b) In △ABC,
(ext. ∠ of △)

(adj. ∠s on st. line)

∴
∴ △ABC is not an equilateral triangle.

====================================================

In each of the following figures, name all the isosceles triangles and equilateral triangles.
Give the reason.
(a) (b)

##
(a) In △ABD,
∵ BA = BD
∴ △ABD is an isosceles triangle.
In △BCD,
∵ DC = DB
∴ (base ∠s, isos. △)
(∠ sum of △)

∵
∴ BC = CD = BD
∴ △BCD is an equilateral triangle.

(b) (adj. ∠s on st. line)

In △BCD,
∵ DC = DB
∴ (base ∠s, isos. △)

(∠ sum of △)

∵
∴ CD = BD = BC
∴ △BCD is an equilateral triangle.
In △ACB,
(ext. ∠ of △)

In △CED,
 (ext. ∠ of △)

In △ACE,
∵
∴ CE = CA (sides opp. equal ∠s)
∴ △ACE is an isosceles triangle.

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) In △ABC,
∵
∴ (sides opp. equal ∠s)

(ext. ∠ of △)

(b) In △ABC,
∵
∴ (sides opp. equal ∠s)

∵ AB = BC = AC = 3 cm
∴ (prop. of equil. △)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a)

(∠s at a pt.)

In △ACD,
(∠ sum of △)

∵
∴ (sides opp. equal ∠s)

In △ABC,
∵ AC = AB
∴ ∠ACB = y (base ∠s, isos. △)
( sum of △)

(b) (alt. ∠s, DE // AB)

In △ADB,
∵
∴ AD = AB (sides opp. equal s)
∵ AD = AB and DC = CB
 ∴ y=x (prop. of isos. △)
(∠ sum of △)

====================================================

Find the sum of the interior angles for each of the following polygons.
(a) A pentagon
(b) A 13-sided polygon

##
(a) The sum of the interior angles of a pentagon

(b) The sum of the interior angles of a 13-sided polygon

====================================================

Find the sum of the interior angles for each of the following polygons.
(a) A heptagon
(b) A 22-sided polygon

##
(a) The sum of the interior angles of a heptagon

(b) The sum of the interior angles of a 22-sided polygon

====================================================
Find the unknowns in the following figures.
(a) (b)

##
(a) (∠ sum of polygon)

(b) (∠ sum of polygon)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (∠ sum of polygon)

(b) (∠ sum of polygon)

====================================================

Find the size of each interior angle of a regular

(a) octagon,
(b) 18-sided polygon.

##
(a) The sum of the interior angles of a regular octagon

∵ All the interior angles of a regular octagon are equal.

∴ Each interior angle of a regular octagon

(b) The sum of the interior angles of a regular 18-sided polygon

∵ All the interior angles of a regular 18-sided polygon are equal.

∴ Each interior angle of a regular 18-sided polygon

====================================================

Find the sum of the exterior angles for each of the following polygons.
(a) A nonagon
(b) A 25-sided polygon

##
(a) The sum of the exterior angles of a nonagon is 360. (sum of ext. ∠s of polygon)

(b) The sum of the exterior angles of a 25-sided polygon is 360. (sum of ext. ∠s of
polygon)

====================================================

Find the size of each exterior angle of a regular

(a) pentagon,
(b) 12-sided polygon.

##
(a) ∵ All the interior angles of a regular pentagon are equal.
∴ All the exterior angles of a regular pentagon are equal.
Let x be the size of each exterior angle.
(sum of ext. ∠s of polygon)

∴ Each exterior angle of a regular pentagon is 72.

(b) ∵ All the interior angles of a regular 12-sided polygon are equal.
∴ All the exterior angles of a regular 12-sided polygon are equal.
Let x be the size of each exterior angle.
(sum of ext. ∠s of polygon)

∴ Each exterior angle of a regular 12-sided polygon is 30.

====================================================

Find the size of each exterior angle of a regular

(a) decagon,
(b) 18-sided polygon.

##
(a) ∵ All the interior angles of a regular decagon are equal.
∴ All the exterior angles of a regular decagon are equal.
Let x be the size of each exterior angle.
(sum of ext. ∠s of polygon)

∴ Each exterior angle of a regular decagon is 36.

(b) ∵ All the interior angles of a regular 18-sided polygon are equal.
∴ All the exterior angles of a regular 18-sided polygon are equal.
Let x be the size of each exterior angle.
(sum of ext. ∠s of polygon)

∴ Each exterior angle of a regular 18-sided polygon is 20.

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (sum of ext. ∠s of polygon)

(b) (sum of ext. ∠s of polygon)

====================================================

Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) (b)

##
(a) (adj. ∠s on st. line)

(sum of ext. ∠s of polygon)

(b) (alt. ∠s, CI // AJ)

(adj. ∠s on st. line)

(adj. ∠s on st. line)

 (sum of ext. ∠s of polygon)

====================================================