“In the name of Allah, the most gracious the most merciful”

Completing Sentence – Gi
wbqgmgyn
Rule-1: (1st Conditional)
If + sub + V1 + obj = sub + will/can/may + V1 + obj
Example:--
----If she invites me, I will come to join the party.
----If you visit Cox’s Bazar, you can enjoy the beauty.
Rule-2: (2nd Conditional)
If + sub + V2 + obj = sub + would / could / might + V1 + obj
Example:--
----If she invited me, I might join the party.
----If you visited Cox’s Bazar, you could enjoy the beauty.

Rule-3: (3rd Conditional)

If + sub + had + V3 + obj = sub + would / could / might + have +
V3 + obj
Example:--
----If she had invited me, I would have joined the party.
----If you had visited Cox’s Bazar, you could have enjoyed the
beauty.
(A_ev wbqgwU Gfv‡eI n‡Z cv‡i)
Had + sub + V3 + obj = sub + would / could / might + have + V 3
+ obj
Example:--
----Had she invited me, I would have joined the party.

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----Had I been a king, I would have built a castle.
----Had you visited Cox’s Bazar, you could have enjoyed the
beauty.
Rule-4: (Unreal Past- Aev¯Íe AZxZ)
If + sub + were + obj = sub + would / could / might + V1 + obj
Example:--
----If I were a bird, I could fly in the sky.
----If I were you, I would help him with money.

Rule-5: (Zero Conditional wPišÍb mZ¨ / ‰eÁvwbK hš¿cvwZ )

If + sub + V1 + obj = sub + V1 +
obj
Example:--
----If the sun rises, darkness disappears.
----If the car takes 5-liter diesel, it runs upto 40 kilometers.
----If you heat ice, it turns to water.
Rule-6: (Dc‡`k †evSv‡Z, If ev‡K¨ must, should, have to-Gi e¨envi
)
If + present = sub + must / should / have to + V1 + obj
Example:--
----If you want to lose weight, you must / should eat less rice.
----If you want to get a good job, you have to try hard.

Rule-7: (2-wU e¨w³evPK / mgRvZxq sub- n‡j )

Sub + verb + too + adj + to + V1 + ext
Example:--
----He is too weak to fight.
----I am too tired to talk.
Rule-8: (1-wU e¯‘evPK I 1- wU e¨w³evPK sub- n‡j )
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 Sub + verb + too + adj + for + me/him/her/you/us/them + to +
V1 + ext
Example:--
----The load is too heavy for me to carry.
----It was too hard for them to forget the tragedy.
Rule-9: (So.....that- GZB.....†h )
Sub + Verb + so....that = sub + can’t / mayn’t / couldn’t /
mightn’t + V1 + ext
Example:--
----The man is so sick that, he can’t walk.
----He was so poor that, he couldn’t maintain his family.
Rule-10: (so that / in order that- hv‡Z / hv‡Z K‡i )
Sub + verb + so that = sub + can/may/could/might + V1 + ext
Example:--
----We eat so that, we may live.
----Mr. Fardin worked so that, he could earn more money.
----I locked the door so that, she mightn’t enter into my room.
Rule-11: (provided/provided that/providing that/if- hw` )
Future tense = provided/provided that/providing that + simple
present
Example:--
----Plane will take off, provided, the weather is fine.
----He will shine in life provided that, he works hard.
Rule-12: (Lest- cv‡Q fq nq †h )
Simple present / simple past / Imperative sentence + lest +
sub + should / might + V1 + ext
Example:--
----The old man walks slowly lest, he should fall down.
----The thief ran fast lest, he should be caught.
----Read attentively lest, you should fail in the exam.
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Rule-13: (It is time/ It is high time- GLbB mgq / Dchy³ mgq )
It is time/ It is high time + sub = V2 + ext
Example:--
----It is time, we worked for our country.
----It is high time, you changed your habit.

Rule-14:
It is time/ It is high time + to + V1 + ext
Example:--
----It is time to build our country.
----It is high time to stand by the poor.

Rule-15: (As if / as though- ‡hb )

Sub + V1 + as if / as though = sub + V2 + ext
S

Example:--
----He talks as if, he knew everything.
----She laughs as if, she were a mad.

Rule-16:
Sub + V2 + as if / as though = sub + had + V3 + ext
Example:--
----He talked as if, he had known everything.
---- She laughed as if, she had been a mad.

Rule-17: (Wish / Fancy– Aev¯Íe B”Qv †evSvq )

Sub + wish / fancy = sub + V2 + ext
Example:--
----I wish, I were a king.
----I fancy, I turned white.

Rule-18:
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Would that + sub = could + V1 + ext
Example:--
----Would that, I could be a child again.
----Would that, I could fly in the sky.

Rule-19: (Would you mind- wKQz g‡b bv Ki‡j )

Would you mind + V1 + ing + ext ?
Example:--
----Would you mind telling me the address?
---- Would you mind taking a cup of coffee?
Rule-20: (Can’t but / Couldn’t but- bv K‡i cviv )
Sub + can’t but / couldn’t but + V1 + ext
Example:--
----We can’t but work to earn livelihood.
----I couldn’t but laugh at the sight of it.
Rule-21: (Can’t help / couldn’t help- bv K‡i cviv )
Sub + can’t help / couldn’t help + V1 + ing + ext
Example:--
----We couldn’t help telling you the truth.
----I can't help thinking about it.
Rule-22: (No sooner had.....than / scarcely had….when / hardly
had….when ‡hB gvG bv )  
No sooner…than / scarcely had…when/hardly had…when +
past indefinite tense
Example:--
----No sooner had I gone out than he came.
----Scarcely had we reached the station when the train left.
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----Hardly had he reached the college when it started to rain.
Rule-23:
Present / present perfect + since = simple past
Example:--
----It is long time since, my grandfather died.
----Many days have passed since, we met.
---- It has been a long time since, I visited your home.

Rule-24:
Past + since = past perfect
Example:--
----It was long time since, we had talked.
----Long time passed since, I had seen her face.

Rule-25:
Present / Future Indefinite Tense + when /after + present perfect
Example:--
---- You will return me the book after, you have finished reading
it.
---- You can go to sleep when, you have taken your dinner.
Rule-26: (Though / Although– hw`I )
Though / although + positive idea = negative idea. A_ev
Though / although + negative idea = positive idea.
Example:--
----Though he is rich, he is a miser.
----Though he is poor, he is honest.
Rule-27:
By + V1 + ing + (meaningful affirmative sentence)
Example:--
----By taking exercise, you can keep yourself fit.
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----By reading more, we can learn more.
Rule-28:
Without + V1 + ing + (meaningful negative sentence)
Example:--
---- Without reading more you cannot pass.
----Without respecting others, you will not get others’ respect.

Rule-29: (till-A_© ch©šÍ Ges Until- A_© hZÿb bv )

Till / Until + (meaningful affirmative sentence)
Example:--
---- Wait until, I come back.
---- Mother will be nursing him till, he comes round.

Rule-30:
Since/as/because + (meaningful sentence)
Example:--
----As he is poor, he can’t maintain his family.
----Everybody loves him because, he is honest.

Rule-31: (Unless–hw`bv )
Unless / if….not + (meaningful affirmative sentence)
Example:--
----Unless you read, you will fail in the exam.
----Unless you think about tomorrow, you have to suffer.

Rule-32: (instead of/in lieu of- cwie‡Z© )

Instead of/in lieu of + (meaningful words or sentence)
Example:--
----Instead of mathematics, he took biology.
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----He ate fish, in lieu of meat.

Rule-33: (Let alone- `~‡ii K_v )

Let alone + (meaningful words or phrase)
Example:--
---- You cannot walk a kilometer, let alone ten kilometers.
---- He cannot pass in third division, let alone first division.

Rule-34: (because of/on account of/owing to/due to– Kvi‡b )

Because of/on account of/owing to/due to + (meaningful
words or phrase)
Example:--
---- Everybody loves him because of his honesty.
----Due to illness, I couldn’t attend office.
Rule-35: (Would rather / sooner........than- eis fvj )
Sub + would rather + V1 +......+ than + ext
Example:--
----I would rather die than beg.
----He would rather take tea than coffee.
Rule-36: (Had better- eis fvj )
Sub + had better + V1 + ext
Example:--
----You had better stay at home.
----You had better keep quite.
Rule-37:
......how + to + V1 + ext
Example:--
----I don’t know, how to swim.
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----He knew, how to talk.
Rule-38:
……the time/year/day + when + (meaningful affirmative
sentence)
Example:--
----Saturday is the day when the govt offices remain closed.
----1971 is the year when Bangladesh became independent.
----10 P. M. is the time when we go to bed.

Rule-39:
……the place + where + (meaningful affirmative sentence)
Example:--
----Dhaka is the place where I live in.
----A railway station is a place where trains stop and start
from.
----Paris is the city where UNESCO headquarter is located.
Rule-40:
……that + (meaningful sentence)
Example:--
----I know that he is a doctor.
----He knows that I live in Dhaka.
Rule-41:
…....feel, suppose, imagine, report, discover, know, judge,
assume + to be + adjective
Example:--
----We assumed him to be innocent.
----He was judged to be guilty.
----I know him to be honest.
Rule-42:

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 ….as long as + (meaningful sentence)
Example:--
----Wait here as long as it rains.
----Allah will help us as long as  we live.
Rule-43:
….in case + (meaningful sentence)
Example:--
----I will come tomorrow in case he it needs.
----I want to stay home in case he comes.
----He will carry an umbrella in case it rains.

Rule-44:
Sub + who / which + Verb + obj = Verb + obj
Example:--
----A man who is honest, is loved by all.
----The book which he gave me, is written by Humaun Ahmed.

Rule-45:
That / what + sub + verb + obj = Verb + obj
Example:--
----That he is brilliant, is known to all.
----What she has, is not enough.

The End
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Md. Shakhawat Hossain
{Lecturer} Metropolitan College
01781-555881

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