EMU - Mathematics Department

MATH152: MT-2 Examination, December 24, 16:30, 2021.

Group No: Student No: Name:

Q 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 Total

Important Notes: The exam consists of 15 multiple choice questions with a total of
120 points. Just one of the provided options is a correct answer. You are allowed to
mark just one option. Marking a correct answer brings you 8 pts. Otherwise, including
marking two or more options as well, no points. Time limit is 90 minutes. You may solve
easy questions for you at first and postpone hard questions to the end of duration. You
are not allowed to use calculators. GOOD LUCK.

Q.1. (8 pts.) What are the partial derivatives of f (x, y) at P if its two directional
derivatives are given by
4 3 3 4
Du f (P ) = 1, Dv f (P ) = 2, u = i + j, v = i − j.
5 5 5 5
Options:

 fx (P ) = −2, fy (P ) = 1

 fx (P ) = 2, fy (P ) = −1

 fx (P ) = 1, fy (P ) = 2

 fx (P ) = −1, fy (P ) = 2

 None of them

Solution. We have
( (
4
f (P )
5 x
+ 53 fy (P ) = 1 4fx (P ) + 3fy (P ) = 5
3
⇒
f (P )
5 x
− 54 fy (P ) = 2 3fx (P ) − 4fy (P ) = 10

Solve and find fx (P ) = 2, fy (P ) = −1

******************************************************************
Q.2. (8 pts.) What is the gradient of f (x, y) at P if its two directional derivatives are
given by
4 3 3 4
Du f (P ) = 1, Dv f (P ) = 2, u = i + j, v = i − j.
5 5 5 5
Options:

 −2i + j
  2i − j

 i + 2j

 −i + 2j

 None of them

Solution. In Q.1, it was calculated that fx (P ) = 2, fy (P ) = −1. Therefore, ∇f (P ) =

2i − j.
Q.3. (8 pts) A function y = y(x) is given implicitly by the equation

xy 2 + x2 y 3 = 12.

If y(1) = 2, what is y 0 (1)?

Options:

 y 0 (1) = 5
4

 y 0 (1) = 4
5

 y 0 (1) = − 54

 y 0 (1) = 3
4

 None of them

Solution Let F (x, y, z) = xy 2 + x2 y 3 − 12. Then

Fx y 2 + 2xy 3
y 0 (x) = − =−
Fy 2xy + 3x2 y 2

Therefore,
4 + 16 20 5
y 0 (1) = − =− = −
4 + 12 16 4
******************************************************************
Q.4. (8 pts) Find an equation for the tangent plane to the paraboloid z = y 2 + x2 at
the point P (x0 , y0 , z0 ) on this paraboloid if x0 = 1 and y0 = 2.
Options:

 2x + 4y + z − 10 = 0

 2x + 4y + z − 5 = 0

 2x − 4y − z − 5 = 0

 2x + 4y − z − 5 = 0

 None of them
Solution Look to F (x, y, z) = y 2 +x2 −z. Its gradient is ∇F = h2x, 2y, −1i. At the point
(1, 2, z(1, 2)) = (1, 2, 5), we have ∇F (1, 2, 5) = h2, 4, −1i. Then the equation of tangent
plane is
2(x − 1) + 4(y − 2) − (z − 5) = 0 ⇒ 2x + 4y − z − 5 = 0
******************************************************************
Q.5. (8 pts) What is the symmetric equation of the normal line to the ellipsoid 2x2 +
2y 2 + z 2 = 5 at the point P (1, 1, 1)?
Options:
 x = 1 + 4t, y = 1 + 4t, z = 1 + 2t, −∞ < t < ∞
x−1 y−1 z−1
 4
= 4
= 2

x−1 y−1 z−1

 4
= 8
= 2

 x = 1 + 4t, y = 1 + 8t, z = 1 + 4t, −∞ < t < ∞

 None of them
Solution Let F (x, y, z) = 2x2 + 2y 2 + z 2 − 5. Then ∇F = h4x, 4y, 2zi and ∇F (1, 1, 1) =
h4, 4, 2i. Therefore, the symmetric equation is

x−1 y−1 z−1

= =
4 4 2

******************************************************************
Q.6. (8 pts) What is the maximal directional derivative of the function f (x, y, z) =
2xy − z 2 at the point P (1, 1, 2)?
Options:
√
 4 6

 4
√
 2 6

 6

 None of them
Solution We have ∇f = h2y, 2x, −2zi. Then ∇f (1, 1, 2) = h2, 2, −4i and the maximal
directional derivative equals to
√ √ √
max Du f (1, 1, 2) = k∇f (1, 1, 2)k = 4 + 4 + 16 = 24 = 2 6

******************************************************************
Q.7. (8 pts) Evaluate the limit

x2 − 4xy
lim √ √ .
(x,y)→(4,1) x−2 y

Options:
  8

 2

 16

 Limit does not exist.

 None of them

Solution We have
√ √
x2 − 4xy x2 − 4xy x+2 y
lim √ √ = lim √ √ ·√ √
(x,y)→(4,1) x − 2 y (x,y)→(4,1) x − 2 y x+2 y
√ √
x(x − 4y)( x + 2 y)
= lim
(x,y)→(4,1) x − 4y
√ √
= lim x( x + 2 y) = 4 · (2 + 2) = 16
(x,y)→(4,1)

******************************************************************
Q.8. (8 pts) Evaluate the limit
√
2x y
lim .
(x,y)→(0,0) x2 + y

Options:

 8

 2

 16

 Limit does not exist.

 None of them

Solution Apply two paths method. If y = kx2 , x ≥ 0, then

√ √ √
2x y 2x2 k 2 k
lim = lim+ 2 = .
x→0+ , y=kx2 x2 + y x→0 x + kx2 1 + k2
√
2x y
Since the limit along the curve y = kx2 , x ≥ 0, depends on k, the total limit lim(x,y)→(0,0) x2 +y
does not exist.
******************************************************************
Q.9. (8 pts) Find the natural domain of the function
x
f (x) = p .
ln(x − y + 1)

Options:

 D = {(x, y) : x > y}
  D = {(x, y) : x ≥ y}

 D = {(x, y) : y < x + 1}

 D = {(x, y) : y ≤ x + 1}

 None of them

Solution We have

ln(x − y + 1) > 0 ⇒ x − y + 1 > 1 ⇒ x > y ⇒ D = {(x, y) : x > y}

******************************************************************
Q.10. (8 pts) Given the function f (x, y) = x2 y − xy 2 + 2xy, find the number of its
critical points.
Options:

 2

 3

 4

 5

 None of them

Solution Calculate the first order partial derivatives:

(
fx0 = 2xy − y 2 + 2y = y(2x − y + 2) = 0
fy0 = x2 − 2xy + 2x = x(x − 2y + 2) = 0

If x = 0, then y = 0 and y = 2. If y = 0, then x = 0 and x = −2. This produces three

critical points (0, 0), (0, 2), (−2, 0). Additionally, solve
(  
2x − y + 2 = 0 2 2
⇒ (x, y) = − , .
x − 2y + 2 = 0 3 3

So, the number of critical points is 4

******************************************************************
Q.11. (8 pts) Given the function f (x, y) = x2 y − xy 2 + 2xy and its critical point (0, 0).
Which of the following statements is true?
Options:

 At (0, 0), f takes a local maximum.

 At (0, 0), f takes a local minimum.

 At (0, 0), f has a saddle.

 At (0, 0), the second derivative test is inconclusive.

  None of them
Solution Calculate the second order partial derivatives:

00
fxx = 2y
(
fx0 = 2xy − y 2 + 2y

⇒ fyy 00
0 2
= −2x
fy = x − 2xy + 2x 
 00
fxy = 2x − 2y + 2

Then
00 00 00 2
D(x, y) = fxx fyy − (fxy ) = −4xy − (2x − 2y + 2)2 ⇒ D(0, 0) = −4 < 0

So, at (0, 0), f has a saddle.

******************************************************************
Q.12. (8 pts) Given the functions f (u, v), u(x, y), v(y, s), x(t) and y(t, s). Which of the
following formulae correctly expresses the chain rule for ∂f
∂t
?
Options:
∂f ∂u ∂x ∂f ∂u ∂y ∂f ∂v ∂y
 ∂u ∂x ∂t
+ ∂u ∂y ∂t
+ ∂v ∂y ∂t

∂f ∂u dx ∂f ∂v ∂y
 ∂u ∂x dt
+ ∂v ∂y ∂t

∂f ∂u dx ∂f ∂u ∂y
 ∂u ∂x dt
+ ∂u ∂y ∂t

∂f ∂u dx ∂f ∂u ∂y ∂f ∂v ∂y
 ∂u ∂x dt
+ ∂u ∂y ∂t
+ ∂v ∂y ∂t

 None of them
Solution No comments.
******************************************************************
Q.13. (8 pts) Given the functions f (u, v), u(x, y), v(y, s), x(t) and y(t, s). Which of the
following formulae correctly expresses the chain rule for ∂f
∂s
?

Options:
∂f ∂u dx ∂f ∂u ∂y ∂f ∂v ∂y
 ∂u ∂x ds
+ ∂u ∂y ∂s
+ ∂v ∂y ∂s

∂f ∂u ∂x ∂f ∂u ∂y ∂f ∂v ∂y
 ∂u ∂x ∂s
+ ∂u ∂y ∂s
+ ∂v ∂y ∂s

∂f ∂u ∂y ∂f ∂v ∂y ∂f ∂v
 ∂u ∂y ∂s
+ ∂v ∂y ∂s
+ ∂v ∂s

∂f ∂u ∂y ∂f ∂v ∂y
 ∂u ∂y ∂s
+ ∂v ∂y ∂s

 None of them
Solution No comments.
******************************************************************
Q.14. (8 pts) What is the intersection of the surface 2x2 − 4x + 3y 2 + 5y + yz 3 = 1 with
the plane z = 1?
Options:
  Parabola

 Circle

 Ellipse

 Hyperbola

 None of them

Solution The intersection is the curve

2x2 − 4x + 3y 2 + 5y + y = 1 ⇒ 2x2 − 4x + 3y 2 + 6y = 1
⇒ 2(x − 1)2 + 3(y + 1)2 = 6
⇒ Ellipse

******************************************************************
Q.15. (8 pts) Given a function y = y(x) implicitly by the equation f (x, y) = 0, let
y0 = y(x0 ), where x0 is in the domain of y = y(x) and y 0 (x0 ) exists. Which of the
following statements is correct:
Options:

 ∇f (x0 , y0 ) is parallel to the tangent line to the graph of y = y(x) at (x0 , y0 ).

 h1, y 0 (x0 )i is orthogonal to the tangent line to the graph of y = y(x) at (x0 , y0 ).

 ∇f (x0 , y0 ) and h1, y 0 (x0 )i are parallel.

 ∇f (x0 , y0 ) and h1, y 0 (x0 )i are orthogonal.

 None of them

Solution No comments.