DATABASE MANAGEMENT

IN CONSTRUCTION
(CEM 305)
 INTRODUCTION
TO
INFORMATION SYSTEM
(Module 1)
INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES

• Define information system and its components

• Enumerate the functions of information system
• Specify the information system being used in civil
engineering
WHY DO WE NEED TO STUDY INFORMATION
SYSTEM?

VIDEO LINK
WHAT IS INFORMATION SYSTEM?

Information systems, often abbreviated as IS, are the

collection of hardware, software, and
telecommunications networks that people build
and use to collect, process, create, and distribute
useful data.
COMPONENTS OF INFORMATION SYSTEM

• Hardware
• Software
• Data
• People
• Process
HARDWARE

• The hardware aspect of an information system is the

technology you can touch. These are the physical aspects of
technology. Computers, tablets, mobile phones, disk drives,
and more are all examples of information system hardware.
• Hardware is often considered the most visible aspect of an
information system.
SOFTWARE

• Software builds directly upon the hardware of an information

system.
• Is a set of instructions that tells hardware what to do. Unlike
hardware, software is not tangible. You can’t touch it.
• Is being programmed what is really happening is instructions
are being made to tell hardware what to do.
DATA

• You can think of data as a collection of facts and

information. For example, your street address, the city you
live in, your name, and your phone.
• Like software, data is also intangible. Also, by themselves
data is not particularly useful. However, aggregated, indexed
and organized data is a powerful tool for your organization.
PEOPLE

• When thinking about information systems it is easy to focus on

the technology components: hardware, software, and data.
• But all people involved with the information system are an
essential element that must not be overlooked because they
make the technology useful in a practical sense.
PROCESS

• A process is defined as a “series of steps undertaken to achieve a

desired outcome or goal.”
• It consists of input, data process, data storage, output and control.
During input stage data instructions are fed to the systems which
during process stage are worked upon by software programs and
other queries. During output stage, data is presented in structured
format and reports.
FUNCTIONS OF INFORMATION SYSTEM

• Organizational Functions
• Personal/Individual Functions
EXAMPLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL FUNCTION

• Process financial accounts

EXAMPLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL FUNCTION

• Manage their human resources

EXAMPLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL FUNCTION

• Reach their potential customers with online promotions

EXAMPLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL FUNCTION

• Provide services cost-effectively to citizens (government

function)
EXAMPLE OF PERSONAL FUNCTION

• Socializing
EXAMPLE OF PERSONAL FUNCTION

• Study
EXAMPLE OF PERSONAL FUNCTION

• Shopping
EXAMPLE OF PERSONAL FUNCTION

• Banking
EXAMPLE OF PERSONAL FUNCTION

• Entertainment
INTER-DISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVE IN
INFORMATION SYSTEM
INFORMATION SYSTEM
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
CIVIL ENGINEERING INFORMATION SYSTEM

• In Building and Construction projects, tasks typically tend to

become more routine at the clerical and supervisory levels, but
more challenging and demanding at the senior levels.
However, computers also permit solutions to problems they
cannot be attacked manually, with a consequent increase in
job satisfaction at the relevant level.
CIVIL ENGINEERING INFORMATION SYSTEM

The utilization of on-site Engineering Information Systems (EIS) is

becoming more and more common because:
• derives to a series of key outcomes: improved operational
process, and increased productivity
• provides superior project strategy through improved project
productivity
OUTCOMES OF ON-SITE ENGINEERING
INFORMATION SYSTEM (EIS)

• Complete Project Information

• Detailed Project Outline
• Other Relevant Building and Construction Information
• Stock Control
• Payroll
• Correspondence
• Miscellaneous Information
COMPLETE PROJECT INFORMATION

• database that will include all the client's contact numbers,

personal information, and histories. All of the negotiations and
documents will also be integrated within the EIS.
DETAILED PROJECT OUTLINE

• which includes information such as costing agreements;

drawings of related plans including underground sewerage,
electricity, storm runoffs, easements, caveats, and other factors
which can influence the satisfactory completion of the project.
OTHER RELEVANT BUILDING AND
CONSTRUCTION INFORMATION

• including a list of companies that are taking part in the

project, need to be incorporated.
STOCK CONTROL

• which includes all transactions that have taken place, receipts

letters from suppliers, and letters to suppliers/contractors, are
necessary for accurate budgeting.
PAYROLL

• including all the payroll documentation, including payslips and

payroll queries, job application forms are also integrated
within the EIS.
CORRESPONDENCE

• including all the information which is unable to be stored as

hard copies are stored in digital formats. This information
includes drawings and photographs of scanned images or
databases of significant information.
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION

• which is not part of the other outcomes is incorporated here.

INFORMATION SYSTEM IN
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
INFORMATION SYSTEM IN CONSTRUCTION
INDUSTRY

Materials and labor are the two most important inputs of any
construction project. That’s why the pricing of these two
ingredients plays a significant role in the overall construction
cost. Every contractor aims to stay within the boundaries of their
construction budget. Yet, without information systems, it is nearly
impossible to achieve this goal.
INFORMATION SYSTEM IN CONSTRUCTION
INDUSTRY

Although information systems have always played an integral

role in the construction world, the industry still lags in crucial
aspects. This is likely to change soon as the industry is now
embracing big data analytics. The construction industry is now
moving to areas such as real-time analytics.
HERE’S HOW BUSINESSES CAN USE
CONSTRUCTION INFORMATION
SYSTEMS TO GROW
BETTER PLANNING AND BUDGETING

For commercial companies, there is a need to access the correct

data at the right time. This will help assess sub-contractors
working on a project. The accurate data and analysis help
determine the reliability of a potential partner.
IMPROVED TRACKING AND ORGANIZATION OF
PROJECTS

You need data on business, weather, traffic, and community

around your project. This data helps to determine the phasing
of the project. As you work on the first phase, decide if you
need more equipment for the second phase.
RISK MITIGATION

Analytics play a significant role in improving the safety of site

workers. Construction sites have started to use smart clothing
equipped with wearable devices and electronic sensors. They
transmit images and information to primary databases. Some
smart clothing is equipped with automatic time logging functions.
This encourages efficiency. Some new inventions in this sector
include ‘smart, hard hat.’ These helmets measure the body
temperature and heart rate of site workers.
TRACKING ASSETS AND INVENTORIES

Information systems play a role in tracking assets and inventory.

You can connect over 10,000 construction machines to your
system. This way, you can remotely supervise the real-time
performance of these machines on the site. This prevents misuse
of these machines and helps you generate predictive capability
data that will help you maximize the value of your assets.
COST ANALYSIS

Even with the industry boom, few construction companies can

make profits. This is because businesses cannot evaluate their
project expenditure due to difficulty collecting accurate
historical data on every aspect of a project. This information is
not only crucial in reducing costs but also for bidding on new
jobs.