Đề 3 (PTho -2015)

A. LISTENING: (40 pts)

Part 1: You will hear a lecture about Crocodylus niloticus and its living habits. Choose the correct letter A,B or C for
question 1 - 5 (10 pts)
1. The student thought there were no crocodiles in Northern Africa because
A. North Africa contains very little wildlife for the crocodile to prey on.
B. she found no mention in the literature of their existence there.
C. there is very little water in North Africa
2. Crocodiles live in groups of about
A. 20. B. 38. C. 46.
3. African crocodiles usually live in areas with
A. hot, dry climates B. hot, wet rainforests C. warm, wet climates
4. Crocodiles in dry areas live in caves located
A. Underground B. in mountainsides C. underwater
5. What change caused changes in crocodile populations in North Africa?
A. They were driven away by a fierce predator
B. Crocodiles evolved from desert creatures to wetland creatures
C. North Africa used to be wetland but slowly turned to desert over time
Part 2: You will hear two students talking to their professor about presentations. For question 6-10, choose True (T) or
False (F) for each sentence (10 pts)
6. The population has declined more rapidly than the sales of both oil and cheese in New Zealand
7. The same situation for both products has happened in Colombia
8. “Kostig” is the most expensive brand in Italy
9. Germans love to make jokes and give the nation the name “The land of Chocolate”
10. Bruce will investigate the packaging process of cookies and the effects of the materials on sales.
Part 3: You will hear a session on how to choose flooring materials. For question 11 – 20, fill in the blanks with a word,
a number or a short phrase (write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer) (20 pts)
*Source:
- There are some man-made materials like (11)………………………
- Before being used, material undergoes (12)……………………
- Wood should be cut and (13)…………….....
- Stone should be cut and (14)…………………
*Selection:
- Aside from environmental factors, one should take (15)………………into account during construction.
- Some properties of materials affect mood, such as (16)…………………, texture, and color.
- Use a mathematical formula to choose the type of wood, because (17)………………are subjective, which are ambiguous
in verbal description.
* Relectance rate:
- Polished silver = almost 1.0
- White – painted plastic = approximately (18)………………
- Quarry tile = approximately (19)……………………
- (20)……………………..= almost 0.0
C. READING COMPREHENSION: (60 POINTS)
Part 1: Chose the words that best complete the sentences in the text
The knowledge and eloquence that people (1)…through traveling is usually perceived as the best (2)…in life. It is the
inquisitive human nature that (3)…people to seek (4)…experiences and to set out on an exploration trip. Those who travel
frequently and to (5) ...places benefit from establishing new relationships and (6)…a better knowledge about other cultures
and lifestyles. However, there is a (7)…of truth in the assumption that people are prone to (8)….clichés and unfounded
prejudices about other nations and their characteristics. Sometimes, it is only the first-hand encounter that can help change
the (9)...towards the so-called ‘inferior communities’. This direct contact with a different civilization enables travellers to
(10)…their baseless assumptions and get (11)....with the real concept of life in all four corners of the globe.
(12)....question, traveling (13).....friendship and makes it easier for many individuals to acknowledge the true value of
different traditions and customs. Yet, it does not always mean enjoyment. It may also (14).....coming close with the
atrocities of real existence as well as becoming aware of the challenges and hardships that other people have to struggle
with. Hence, a true voyage is the one with a good deal of experience to (15)…..about, very often combined with exposure
to abhorrent sights and incredible ordeals. The learning to be complete, thus, requires an ability to observe and analyse the
surroundings, both their glamour and brutality.
1. A purchase B exact C gain D nurture
2. A completion B fulfillment C conclusion D resolution
3. A impels B involves C entails D pursues
4. A thriving B throbbing C thwarting D thrilling
5. A reverse B averse C diverse D converse
6. A acquiring B educating C learning D exacting
7. A speck B grain C scrap D tip
8. A persevering B cherishing C indulging D persisting
9. A prejudice B manner C outlook D approach
10. A drop B cease C fail D quit
11. A informed B realized C acquainted D defined
12 A Apart B Beyond C Unfailing D Beneath
13 A facilities B affords C elicits D incites
14 A involve B derive C consist D enclose
15 A commemorate B reminisce C resemble D remind
Part 2: Complete the following article by writing the missing words in the spaces. Use only one word for each space.
All-couples day, Midsummer, Thing-Tide, Vestalia, call it what you will, the Summer Solstice – normally celebrated on
the 21st of June in the northern hemisphere – has long been a day for rejoicing and taking part in seasonal festivities. June
221st is the longest day of the year and is therefore the day (1)………………the most hours of daylight. This alone was (2)
………………to make our prehistoric ancestors happy. In addition to the extra hours of light, (3)……………………, it
was also a day that symbolically marked the end of the long cold winter – a season (4)……………… meant hardship and
hunger to those who had no choice (5)……………… to rely on the land and its produce for (6)………………livelihood.
(7)…………… these early people, this time of year also had religious and spiritual importance. Summer was seen as the
season of fertility and growth – the time for the sowing and cultivation of crops. It was also the favoured time for young
couples to wed. Aspects of this tradition are (8)………………seen today. The full moon in June is referred to as the honey
moon and from this we (9)………………named the celebratory trip that newlyweds go on, that (10)……………, of
course, the honeymoon.
Part 3. Choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.
Orchids are unique in having the most highly developed of all blossoms, in which the usual male and female reproductive
organs are fused in a single structure called the column. The column is designed so that a single pollination will fertilize
hundreds of thousands, and in some cases millions, of seeds, so microscopic and light they are easily
carried by the breeze. Surrounding the column are three sepals and three petals, sometimes easily recognizable as such,
often distorted into gorgeous, weird, but always functional shapes. The most noticeable of the petals is called the labellum,
or lip. It is often dramatically marked as an unmistakable landing strip to attract the specific insect the orchid has chosen as
its pollinator. To lure their pollinators from afar, orchids use appropriately intriguing shapes, color, and scents. At least 50
different aromatic compounds have been analyzed in the orchid family, each blended to attract one, or at most a few,
species of insects or birds. Some orchids even change their scents to interest different insects at different times. Once the
right insect has been attracted, some orchids present all sorts of one-way obstacle courses to make sure it does not leave
until pollen has been accurately placed or removed. By such ingenious adaptations to specific pollinators, orchids have
avoided the hazards of rampant crossbreeding in the wild, assuring the survival of species as discrete identities. At the
same time they have made themselves irresistible to collectors.
1. The word “fused” is closest in meaning to ……
A. combined B. hidden C. fertilized D. produced
2. How many orchid seeds are typically pollinated at one time?
A. 200 B. 2,000 C. 20,000 D. 200,000
3. Which of the following is a kind of petal?
A. the column B. the sepal C. the stem D. the labellum
4. The “labellum” is most comparable to ……
A. a microscope B. an obstacle course
C. an airport runway D. a race track
5. The word “lure” is closest meaning to ……
A. attract B. recognize C. follow D. help
6. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a means by which an orchid attracts insects?
A. size B. shape C. color D. perfume
7. The word “their” refers to ……
A. orchids B. birds C. insects D. species
8. Which of the following statements about orchids scents does the passage support?
A. They are effective only when an insect is near the blossom
B. Harmful insects are repelled by them
C. They are difficult to tell apart
D. They may change at different times
9. The word “placed” is closest meaning to ……
A. estimated B. measured C. deposited D. identified
10. The word “discrete” in line 18 is closest meaning to ……
A. complicated B. separate C. inoffensive D. functional
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or
phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
The latest addiction to trap thousands of people is Internet, which has been (25)________ for broken relationships,
job losses, financial ruin and even one suicide. Psychologists now recognize Internet Addiction Syndrome (IAS) as a new
illness that could (26)________ serious problems and ruin many lives. Special help groups have been set up to
(27)________ sufferers help and support.
IAS is similar to (28)________ problems like gambling, smoking and drinking: addicts have dreams about
Internet; they need to use it first thing in the morning; they (29)________ to their partners about how much time they spend
online; they (30)_______ they could cut down, but are unable to do so. A recent study found that many users spend up to
40 hours a week on the Internet; (31)______ they felt guilty, they became depressed if they were (32)______ to stop using
it.
Almost anyone can be at risk. Some of the addicts are teenagers who are already hooked on computer games and
who (33)________ it very difficult to resist the games on the Internet. Surprisingly, however, psychologists (34)________
that most victims are middle-aged housewives who have never used a computer before.
Question 25: A. accused B. mistaken C. blamed D. faulted
Question 26: A. take B. cause C. affect D. lead
Question 27: A. recommend B. offer C. suggest D. advise
Question 28: A. others B. another C. the other D. other
Question 29: A. lie B. cheat C. deceive D. betray
Question 30: A. rather B. want C. prefer D. wish
Question 31: A. unless B. without C. although D. despite
Question 32: A. made B. allowed C. let D. had
Question 33: A. have B. find C. feel D. say
Question 34: A. say B. tell C. object D. promise
Read the following passage adapted and choose the correct answer (corresponding to A, B, C, or D) to each of the questions that
follow.
Today we take electricity for granted and perhaps we do not realize just how useful this discovery has been. Steam was the
first invention that replaced wind power. It was used to drive engines and was passed through pipes and radiators to warm
rooms. Petrol mixed with air was the next invention that provided power. Exploded in a cylinder, it drove a motor engine.
Beyond these simple and direct uses, those forms have not much adaptability. On the other hand, we make use of
electricity in thousands of ways. From the powerful voltages that drive our electric trains to the tiny current needed to work
a simple calculator, and from the huge electric magnet in steel works that can lift 10 tons to the tiny electric magnet in a
doorbell, all are powered by electricity. An electric current can be made with equal ease to heat a huge mass of molten
metal in a furnace or to boil a jug for a cup of coffee. Other than atomic energy, which has not as yet been harnessed to the
full, electricity is the greatest power in the world. It is flexible, and so adaptable for any task for which it is wanted. It
travels so easily and with incredible speed along wires or conductors that it can be supplied instantly over vast distances.
To generate electricity, huge turbines or generators must be turned. In Australia they use coal or water to drive this
machinery. When dams are built, falling water is used to drive the turbines without polluting the atmosphere with smoke
from coal. Atomic power is used in several countries but there is always the fear of an accident. A tragedy once occurred at
Chernobyl, in Ukraine, at an atomic power plant used to make electricity. The reactor leaked, which caused many deaths
through radiation. Now scientists are examining new ways of creating electricity without harmful effects to the
environment. They may harness the tides as they flow in and out of bays. Most importantly, they hope to trap sunlight more
efficiently. We do use solar heaters for swimming pools but as yet improvement in the capacity of the solar cells to create
more current is necessary. When this happens, electric cars will be viable and the world will rid itself of the toxic gases
given off by trucks and cars that burn fossil fuels.
Question 35: The author mentions the sources of energy such as wind, steam, petrol in the first paragraph to ______.
A. suggest that electricity should be alternated with safer sources of energy
B. imply that electricity is not the only useful source of energy
C. emphasize the usefulness and adaptability of electricity
D. discuss which source of energy can be a suitable alternative to electricity
Question 36: Before electricity, what was sometimes passed through pipes to heat rooms?
A. Gas. B. Steam. C. Hot wind. D. Petrol.
Question 37: What does the author mean by saying that electricity is flexible?
A. It can be adapted to various uses. B. It is used to drive motor engines.
C. It can be made with ease. D. It is cheap and easy to use.
Question 38: What do we call machines that make electricity?
A. Generators or turbines. B. Pipes and radiators. C. Electric magnets. D. Voltages.
Question 39: The main forms of power used to generate electricity in Australia are ______.
A. sunlight and wind power B. atomic power and water C. water and coal D. wind and gas
Question 40: The word "they" in the paragraph refers to ______.
A. scientists B. the tides C. harmful effects D. new ways
Question 41: Electric magnets are used in steel works to ______.
A. test the steel for strength B. heat the molten steel
C. lift heavy weights up to ten tons D. boil a jug of water
Question 42: The advantage of harnessing the power of the tides and of sunlight to generate electricity is that they ______.
A. do not pollute the environment B. are more adaptable
C. do not require attention D. are more reliable
Question 43: Which of the following power sources causes pollution by emitting harmful gases?
A. Petrol. B. Sunlight. C. Wind. D. Water.
Question 44: The best title for this passage could be ______.
A. “Electricity: Harmful Effects on Our Life” B. “Why Electricity Is So Remarkable”
C. “Types of Power Plants” D. “How to Produce Electricity”
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines the pair of sentences given
in each of the following questions.
Question 47: John is studying hard. He doesn't want to fail the next exam.
A. John is studying hard in order that he not fail the next exam
B. John is studying hard in order not to fail the next exam
C. John is studying hard in order to not to fail the next exam
D. John is studying hard so as to fail the next exam
Question 48: He was suspected of having stolen credit cards. The police have investigated him for days.
A. Suspected of having stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days
B. Suspecting of having stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days
C. He has been investigated for days, suspecting of having stolen credit cards
D. Having suspected of having stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days
Question 49: I strongly disapproved of your behavior. However, I will help you this time.
A. Despite of my strong disapproval of your behavior, I will help you this time.
B. Despite my strong disapproval of your behavior, I will help you this time.
C. Because of your behavior, I will help you this time.
D. Although I strongly disapproved of your behavior, but I will help you this time.
Question 50: He is very intelligent. He can solve all the problems in no time.
A. So intelligent a student is he that he can solve all the problems in no time.
B. So intelligent is he that he can solve all the problems in no time.
C. An intelligent student is he that he can solve all the problems in no time.
D. He is very intelligent that he can solve all the problems in no time.
III. Writing
Summarize in not more than 120 words, the various communicative methods practiced by animals in the wild.
Communication is part of our everyday life. We greet one another, smile or frown, depending on our moods. Animals too,
communicate, much to our surprise. Just like us, interaction among animals can be both verbal or non-verbal.
Singing is one way in which animals can interact with one another. Male blackbirds often use their melodious songs to
catch the attention of the females. These songs are usually rich in notes variation, encoding various kinds of messages.
Songs are also used to warn and keep off other blackbirds from their territory, usually a place where they dwell and
reproduce.
Large mammals in the oceans sing too, according to adventurous sailors. Enormous whales groan and grunt while smaller
dolphins and porpoises produce pings, whistles and clicks. These sounds are surprisingly received by other mates as far as
several hundred kilometers away.
Besides singing, body language also forms a large part of animals' communication tactics. Dominant hyenas exhibit their
power by raising the fur hackles on their necks and shoulders, while the submissive ones normally "surrender" to the
powerful parties by crouching their heads low and curling their lips a little, revealing their teeth in friendly smiles.
Colors, which are most conspicuously found on animals are also important means of interaction among animals. Male
birds of paradise, which have the most gaudy colored feathers often hang themselves upside down from branches, among
fluffing plumes, displaying proudly their feathers, attracting the opposite sex.
The alternating black and white striped coats of zebras have their roles to play too. Each zebra is born with a unique set of
stripes which enables its mates to recognize them. When grazing safely, their stripes are all lined up neatly so that none of
them loses track of their friends. However, when danger such as a hungry lion approaches, the zebras would dart out in
various directions, making it difficult for the lion to choose his target.
Insects such as the wasps, armed with poisonous bites or stings, normally have brightly painted bodies to remind other
predators of their power. Hoverflies and other harmless insects also make use of this fact and colored their bodies brightly
in attempts to fool their predators into thinking that they are as dangerous and harmful as the wasps too.
2/ Write an essay on this topic:
Some believe technology has made our lives too complex and the solution is to lead a simpler life without technology.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?