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Science
Quarter 4 – Module 5: Eclipses

Science – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 5: Eclipses
First Edition, 2020

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Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Department of Education – Region III

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Maimpis, City of San Fernando (P)
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E-mail Address: region3@deped.gov.ph

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 What I Need to Know

Did you know how eclipses occur? This module helps you to find out the answer. It aims
to develop a scientific understanding of the occurrence of eclipses through different activities.
The module contains:
● Lesson 1 – Eclipses
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. differentiate solar from lunar eclipses;
2. identify types of solar and lunar eclipses;
3. explain how solar and lunar eclipses occur using models; and
4. appreciate the importance of the occurrence of eclipses.

What I Know

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer and write it in your notebook/on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. The diagram below shows the relative positions of the Sun, the Moon, and Earth when an
eclipse was observed on Earth. Positions X and Y are locations on Earth’s surface.

Which statement correctly describes the type of eclipse that was occurring and the
position on Earth where this eclipse was observed?
a. A total solar eclipse was observed in position X.
b. A total solar eclipse was observed from position Y.
c. A total lunar eclipse was observed from position X.
d. A total lunar eclipse was observed from position Y.
2. The diagram below shows the Moon at four positions as it orbits around the Earth.

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 An observer on Earth could see a lunar eclipse when the Moon is at position _______.
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
3. Below is an image of a partial solar eclipse as seen by an observer on Earth. Which part of
the shadow do you think is the observer watching?

Sun

Moon
a. penumbra of the Earth
b. penumbra of the Moon
c. between the umbra and penumbra of the Earth
d. between the umbra and penumbra of the Moon
4. Where on Earth can a lunar eclipse be observed?

a. daytime of northern hemisphere

b. nighttime of northern hemisphere
c. daytime of northern and southern hemisphere
d. nighttime of northern and southern hemisphere
5. Which Moon phase does the solar eclipse happen in?
a. Full Moon c. New Moon
b. Half Moon d. Quarter Moon
6. Which of the following is the correct position during the lunar eclipse?
a. Earth-Moon-Sun c. Moon-Sun-Earth
b. Earth-Sun-Mars d. Sun-Earth-Moon
7. What will possibly occur when the Earth casts a shadow on the Moon?
a. both solar and lunar eclipse c. nothing happen
b. lunar eclipse d. solar eclipse
8. Which of the following is TRUE about partial lunar eclipse?
a. It can be viewed from every spot of the Earth.
b. You must be within the Moon’s umbra to see it.
c. It is dangerous to look at without a proper device.
d. The Moon must enter on some part of the umbra.
9. When the shadow of a body blocks the light of something else this is called _____________.
a. corona c. seasons
b. eclipse d. shadow
10. You are less likely to see a total solar eclipse than a total lunar eclipse because ________.
a. New Moon phases occur less often than full moon phases.
b. The Moon’s umbra covers a small area on the Earth’s surface.
c. The Moon’s shadow covers all of the Earth during a solar eclipse.
d. Only people in the daytime side of the Earth can see a solar eclipse.
11. What is the darkest inner part of the shadow called, where a total eclipse can be viewed?
a. annulus c. totality
b. penumbra d. umbra
12. Where is the Moon in relation to the Sun and Earth during a Solar Eclipse?
a. The Moon comes above the Earth and Sun.
b. The Moon is directly between the Earth and Sun.
c. The Moon and the Earth are on the opposite side of the Sun.
d. all of the above
13. During a solar eclipse, people in the penumbra see a ____________________ eclipse.
a. complete lunar c. small lunar
b. partial solar d. total solar
14. What is the Moon phase during the lunar eclipse?
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 a. full Moon b. half moon c. New moon d. Quarter Moon
15. In order to have an eclipse, the Sun, Earth, and Moon must have to be?
a. above to each other c. in alignment
b. below to each other d. all of the above

Lesson 1 Eclipses

What’s In
In your previous lesson, you learned that the Earth moves mainly in two ways:
it spins on its axis and it revolves around the Sun. Earth orbits the Sun in one year. The Sun
shines on the Earth, the side of the Earth nearest the Sun is lit up and has daytime, and the
other side is dark, and it is night.
The light that comes from the Sun when blocked by an object, a shadow
will cast. The shadow will darken the object on which it falls. Just like
you do. Look at the Figure below.
The formation of the shadows is a natural occurrence that can be seen
anywhere. Sometimes, it appears bigger than the original object, other
times smaller.
Have you ever asked yourself how shadows are formed? How about
eclipses? Do you have any idea how or why they occur? Do you think
that shadows and eclipses are related in any way?
Read the poem below and use it as your guide to knowing how these phenomena happen.
Answer the questions that follow. Write your answers in your notebook/on a separate sheet of
paper.

“MY BELOVED SUN”

by: Floro B. Fernandez Jr.

Birds start to sing,

And bells start to ring.
Let us start by shouting,
That this day has good to bring.

My Sun has come out,

There’s nothing to worry about.
It is good to see the seed that sprouts,
Want to see the world, want to get out.

I did my best, just like the rest,

As my Sun shines to its best.
But I am worried for my Sun to lest.
If there is something that will test.

What happens to my Sun?

Why the shine in his eyes is gone?
Can somebody help him ‘coz this isn’t fun?
Please! Come shine again my beloved Sun.
Guide Questions:
1. Based on the poem above, what specific natural phenomenon was being depicted?
2. Cite some parts of the poem that support your answer. How?
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 “SAT ‘TILL LIGHT”
by: Floro B. Fernandez Jr.

The day passed by!

The night says Hi!
I can’t even ask myself “Why”?
I can’t stop myself staring at the Moon in the sky.

But wait, feel something has done.

It turns into darkness; the glow has been gone.
The happiness on my face forgone.
And I know for sure it feels by everyone.

Your glow becomes dark.

I see nothing even a single spark.
I hope someone hears and harks.
And leave nothing but good remarks.

Deep inside of me, I know,

That you will come back and glow.
You will shine again and grow.
Just like when people come and go.

Guide Questions:
1. Based from the poem above, what specific natural phenomenon was being depicted?
2. Cite some parts of the poem that support your answer. How?

What is It

There you go! You have just simulated the formation of shadows of celestial bodies in
space. The formation and darkening are the same as the emergence of shadows that we
commonly observed around us. When shadows are formed on celestial bodies, a darkening effect
is observed. This phenomenon is called eclipse.

An eclipse occurs when one heavenly body such as a moon or planet moves into the
shadows of another heavenly body. This happens when the Moon and the planet are perfectly
aligned with the Sun during their orbits. From Earth, we routinely experienced two kinds of
eclipses: an eclipse of the Sun, commonly known as Solar Eclipse, and an eclipse of the Moon,
commonly known as Lunar Eclipse.

How do Solar and Lunar Eclipses occur?

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 One way to categorize eclipses is based on the position of the Sun, Moon, and Earth.
When the Moon orbits Earth, it moves between the Sun and Earth. When this happens, the
Moon blocks the light of the Sun from reaching Earth. This causes a Solar Eclipse. This eclipse
occurs every New Moon. During a solar eclipse, the Moon actually casts a shadow towards the
Earth.

Figure 1. Position of the Sun, Moon and Earth during Solar Eclipse.

Look at the shadow of the Moon from Figure 1. Is the entire shadow of the Moon totally
dark? Do you notice the unequal shading of the shadow? You can compare this unequal shading
of the shadow to what you observed from Activity 1.
From your previous activity, you have observed that there is a shadow falls on the big ball
cast by the small ball. It has a lighter part and a darker part. Just like what you do cast
shadows. Have you observed that? In the case of the Moon’s shadow (Figure 1), the lighter region
is called the penumbra, which becomes larger as it reaches the Earth while the darker region is
called the umbra, which becomes smaller as it reaches the Earth.
There are three types of Solar Eclipse: Total, Partial, and Annular Solar Eclipse.
If you are a viewer from Earth and standing within the umbra of the Moon’s shadow, you will
see the Sun disappear from your view. The sky becomes very dark as if it were night . In this
case, you are observing a total solar eclipse. For a total solar eclipse to take place, the Sun,
Moon, and Earth must be perfectly aligned. On the other hand, if you are in the penumbra, you
will see the Sun partially covered by the Moon. The Sun appears to have a dark shadow on only
a small part of its surface and there are no dramatic changes in the surroundings; there is no
noticeable dimming of sunlight. In this case, you are witnessing a partial solar eclipse. This
happens when the Sun, Moon, and Earth are not exactly lined up. Lastly, an annular solar
eclipse happens when the Moon is farthest from the Earth in its orbit. In this case, the Moon
casting the third type of shadow, the antumbra, the part of the Moon’s shadow that extends
beyond the umbra. This makes the Moon look smaller, so during the eclipse, you see an outer
ring of light or annulus from the Sun.

Total Solar

Partial Solar

Annular Sola r
Figure 2. Different types of Solar Eclipse.

In comparison to the solar eclipse, when Earth orbits the Sun, it comes between the Sun
and Moon. By the time that the Moon is in the shadow of the Earth, a Lunar Eclipse may occur.
The occurrence of a lunar eclipse was also simulated in your activity. Can you explain how do
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lunar eclipses occur based on your activity? Great! During a lunar eclipse, the Moon becomes
dark as it moves directly on the opposite side of the Earth as the Sun. Earth blocks the sunlight
that is normally reflected by the Moon. Instead of light hitting the Moon’s surface, the Earth’s
shadow falls on it. A lunar eclipse can be seen from Earth at night and can occur only during
Full Moon. Look at Figure 3 below.

Figure 3. Position of the Sun, Earth and Moon during Lunar Eclipse.

Take a look at the shadow of the Earth in Figure 3. You will notice that the Earth’s
shadow is larger and wider than that of the Moon. It also casts two shadows— an umbra and a
penumbra. Which part of the Earth’s shadow falls on the Moon? Is the Moon always found
within the umbra?
The appearance of the Moon relies on its location in the Earth’s shadow. There are three
types of a lunar eclipse. When the entire Moon passes completely within the umbra of Earth’s
shadow, it will look totally dark. At this time, you will observe a total lunar eclipse. A total
lunar eclipse usually happens when the Moon and the Sun are on exact opposite sides of the
Earth. Although the Moon is in the Earth's shadow, some sunlight reaches the Moon. The
sunlight passes through Earth's atmosphere, which causes Earth’s atmosphere to filter out most
of the blue light. This makes the Moon appear red to people on Earth.
The second type is the partial lunar eclipse. When some part of the moon enters only
through a part of the umbra, a partial lunar eclipse will be observed. A part of the Moon will
look dark while the rest will be lighter. The third type of lunar eclipse is called a penumbral
lunar eclipse, it is when the Moon is entirely within the penumbra of Earth’s shadow.

Figure 4. Different types of Lunar Eclipse.

What you see from Earth during eclipse depends on how the Sun, Earth, and Moon are
lined up.
Solar eclipses happen once every 18 months and last for a few minutes. It is not safe to
look on without wearing a device. Unlike a solar eclipse, a lunar eclipse usually lasts for a few
hours. At least two partial lunar eclipses happen every year, but total lunar eclipses are rare. It

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is safe to look at a lunar eclipse. But why do we need to study the occurrence of eclipses? Is
there any importance for us humans in this kind of phenomenon?
People discovered that the shape of the Earth is round due to the occurrence of
eclipses during ancient times. For scientists, they took advantage of this to study the details
of the Sun, Moon, Earth, and to learn more about how weather works in space.

What’s More

Activity 2. Fill Me Up!

Directions: Give the similarities and differences between Solar Eclipse and Lunar Eclipse.
Copy the Venn Diagram below before answering in your notebook/on a separate sheet of
paper.

Solar Eclipse Lunar Eclipse

Activity 3. Complete Me!

Directions: Copy and complete the puzzle below. Do this in your notebook/on a separate
sheet of paper.

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 Across
1. A kind of eclipse when the Moon casts a shadow on Earth.
2. The lighter region of a shadow.
4. The darker region of the shadow.
5. A type of solar eclipse in which the umbra of the Moon’s shadow touches the region of the
Earth.
6. During lunar eclipse, the ____________ blocks the sunlight

Down
3. The ____________ casts a shadow onto the Earth during solar eclipse.
7. When one heavenly body blocks the sunlight and casts a shadow towards another heavenly
body it is called ____________.
8. A type of solar eclipse when the Moon is farthest from the Earth.
9. An eclipse in which the Earth casts a shadow towards the Moon.
10.A type of lunar eclipse in which the Moon does not completely enter the umbra of the Earth’s
shadow.

What I Have Learned

Directions: Complete the paragraph by supplying the appropriate words. Choose your answers
from the word pool. Do this in your notebook/on a separate sheet of paper.

full umbra total solar partial solar

partial lunar eclipse annular new

Moon Earth penumbral lunar lunar

solar penumbra total lunar

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 An ____________ takes place when one heavenly body such as a Moon or planet moves into
the shadow of another heavenly body. When the Moon comes directly between Sun and Earth, a
____________ eclipse occurs. It occurs when ____________ Moon. On the other ha (3) nd, when the
Earth casts a shadow towards the Moon, a ____________ eclipse occurs. This eclipse can occur
only when ____________ Moon.

During eclipses, the Earth and Moon casts two shadows. The darker region of the shadow
is called ____________ while the lighter region is the ____________.
There are different types of a solar eclipse. A ____________ eclipse will usually be observed
when the observer is standing within the umbra of the Moon’s shadow. In comparison, if you
are in the penumbra, it is a ____________ eclipse. Lastly, an ____________ solar eclipse happens
when there is a “ring-like” or annulus around the Moon.

Also, there are two types of a lunar eclipse. If the entire Moon is within the umbra of the
Earth’s shadow, it is a ____________ eclipse. But when the Moon passes only through a part of
the umbra, it is a ____________ eclipse. If the Moon enters the penumbra of the Earth’s shadow it
is called a ____________ lunar eclipse.

Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer and write it in your notebook/ on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. How does a solar eclipse happen?
a. when the Moon comes directly between the Sun and Earth
b. when the shadows of the Earth and Moon are cast in space
c. when the Sun is on the opposite side of the Earth and the Moon
d. when the shadows of the Moon and Earth is neither too high nor too low
2. What kind of eclipse do we see when the Moon is entirely within the Earth’s umbral
shadow?
a. Partial lunar c. Total lunar
b. Partial solar d. Total solar
3. How does a lunar eclipse happen?
a. Earth has moved along its orbit taking the Moon with it.
b. When the Moon comes directly between the Sun and Earth.
c. When the Moon moves through Earth’s shadow at full Moon.
d. When the Moon is directly on the opposite side of the Earth and Sun.
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE about umbra and penumbra?
I. Umbra and penumbra are the two types of eclipse.
II. Umbra and penumbra are the two types of shadows.
III. Umbra is the darker inner area, while the penumbra is the lighter outer area
IV. Umbra is the lighter inner area, while the penumbra is the darker outer area.
a. I and II only c. I and IV only
b. II and III only d. III and IV only
5. When do we observe a total lunar eclipse?
a. when a part of the sun’s disk is covered by the Moon
b. when the Sun, Moon, and Earth fall in one straight line
c. when the Moon enters the umbra of the Earth’s shadow
d. when the Moon enters the penumbra of the Earth’s shadow
For questions number 6 and 7, refer to the figures below.

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 New Moon
Waning Quarter Moon Full Moon
a. b. c. d.
6. Which of the following pictures shows the phase of the Moon when a solar eclipse occurs?
7. Which of the following pictures shows the phase of the Moon when a lunar eclipse occurs?

For numbers 8 - 10, refer to the figure below.

8. Where in the diagram would you see a partial solar eclipse?

a. position A c. position C
b. position B d. position D
9. Where in the diagram would you see a total solar eclipse?
a. position A c. position C
b. position B d. position D
10. What type of eclipse does the diagram show?
a. complete eclipse c. penumbral eclipse
b. lunar eclipse d. solar eclipse
11. Which of the following is the correct position during a solar eclipse?
a. Earth-Moon-Sun c. Sun-Earth-Moon
b. Moon-Sun-Earth d. Sun-Moon-Earth
12. An observer on Earth is standing within the penumbra of the Moon’s shadow. Which
eclipse will likely the observer be witnessing?
a. partial lunar c. total lunar
b. partial solar d. total solar
13. What blocks the sunlight from reaching the Moon during a lunar eclipse, causing the
Moon to look dark?
a. Asteroid c. Mars
b. Earth d. Shadow
14. Which of the following is correct according to the diagram being shown?

a. complete eclipse
b. lunar eclipse
c. penumbral eclipse
d. solar eclipse
15. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about a total solar eclipse?
a. It can be viewed from every spot-on Earth.
b. It can take place at the phase of the new Moon.
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c. You must be within the moon's umbra to see it.
d. It is dangerous to look at it without the proper device.

Answer Key

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