SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Module 2
Subject: TLE CSS Grade: 7 Quarter: 2 Week: 2

Name: ________________________________________________ Section: _________ Date: ___________

MELC:
Input data into computer (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Id-e-5)
Access information using computer (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ie-f-6)
Produce output/data using computer system (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-If-7)
Use basic functions of a www-browser to locate information (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ig-h-8)
READINGS
In the previous lesson, you have learned the different hand tools and their uses. Do you think
learning about them is helpful? Keep on track because the next lesson will show you more
interesting and helpful things which you could use in the modern world.
Computers in a Changing World
Many scientific and technological advances mark the beginning of the twentieth century. These
advances include inventions such as airplane, television, and most especially the computer. Computers are
changing our lives, they are sweeping away the old ways of doing things with their superb speed and reliability.
As many of today’s basic functions are being simplified by technology, computers have been on the
forefront in developing innovations through its many functions.
In this digital world, having the knowledge and skills in computer servicing is the start and most
fundamental of all.

COMPUTER AND IT’S TYPES

A computer is an electronic machine that processes and stores information. It takes in raw
information using input devices, stores in the memory until it is ready to be processed in the processing
unit and sends out results using output devices.
Computers are classified into four (4) different types based on its processing power and size:
THE TYPES OF COMPUTERS
1. Supercomputer is the fastest and most powerful computer in terms of performance and data processing. It
uses its power to run one program at a time.
Used in:
 Research and exploration
 Weather forecasting
 Nuclear weapon testing
2. Mainframe computer is not as powerful as the supercomputer. It is designed to run multiple programs
concurrently. It is commonly used in:
 Banks
Educational Institution
 Insurance Companies
3. Minicomputer, also known as “Midrange” computer fill the space between the mainframe and
microcomputer. It is smaller than Supercomputer or Mainframe computer but bigger and more powerful
than the microcomputer. They are generally used as mid-range servers.
Some of its uses are as:
 Data Management device
 Communications Portal
 Process Control
4. Microcomputer is the most widely used computer – desktop, laptops, tablets, and smartphones. It is the
cheapest among the different classes of computers. This computer is design for general usage such as
entertainment, education and work purposes.

I. The Elements of Computer System

A computer system is a collection of entities that are designed to receive, process, manage, and
present information in a meaningful format. It has 3 elements that will make a computer really useful.
1. Hardware refers to the physical, tangible computer equipment and devices which provides support for
major functions such as input, process, output and storage.

Components of Computer
Hardware
Input Output
Device Device

Process Storage
Device Device

A. INPUT DEVICES are composed of a device that accepts data and instructions from the user or
from another computer system.
Keyboard Mouse Scanner Microphone

A.1. Keyboard
A computer keyboard is an input device used to enter characters and functions into
the computer system by pressing buttons, or keys. It is the primary device used to enter text.
A.2. Mouse
The mouse is another input device used to point and select objects on the computer monitor.
Using the mouse and keyboard in combination allows the computer user substantial latitude in
how to accomplish a wide variety of tasks.
A.3. Scanner
A scanner is use to capture a source document and converts printed data or images into an
electronic data format that a computer can store or process as required.
A.4. Microphone
Microphone is used to input sound that is then stored in a digital form. It is used for various
applications such as adding sound to a multimedia presentation or for mixing music
B. OUTPUT DEVICE is any piece of computer hardware that displays results after the computer
has processed the input data that has been entered.
Monitor Printer Speaker Projector
B.1. Monitor
A monitor is an electronic visual computer display that includes a screen, circuitry, and the case in which that
circuitry is enclosed
B.2. Printer
The printer is a device use to print texts and pictures.
B.3. Speaker
A computer speaker is an output hardware device that produces sound.
B.4. Projector
A projector is an output device that projects an image onto a large surface, such as a white screen or wall.
C. PROCESS DEVICE is the computer’s circuitry in the system unit. It plays an important role in processing operations. It
is used to process data, using instructions from the program.
C.1. Motherboard / Mainboard / System Board – is the main circuit board of a computer. It contains all the circuits and
components that run the computer.
C.2. CPU (Central Processing Unit) - The processor is the main “brain” or “heart” of a computer system. It performs all
of the instructions and calculations that are needed and manages the flow of information through a computer.
C.3. RAM – (Random Access Memory) RAM is volatile, meaning it holds data only when the power is on. When the
power is off, RAM's contents are lost.
C.4. Video Card/GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) - also called a display card, graphics card, display adapter, or
graphics adapter is an expansion card which generates a feed of output images to a display device (such as a
computer monitor).
SYSTEM UNIT
The system unit, also known as a "tower" or "chassis," is the main part of a desktop computer. It encloses the
motherboard, CPU, RAM, video card, and other internal components.

Other Internal Components of the System Unit

a. Power Supply Unit (PSU) - Installed in the back corner of the PC case, next to the motherboard. It converts
220/110vac (standard house power) into DC voltages that are used by other components in the PC.
b. Heat sink (also commonly spelled heatsink) - is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an
electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant, where it is dissipated away from
the device, thereby allowing regulation of the device's temperature.
c. Optical Drive - An optical drive is a storage device that uses lasers to read data on the optical media. There are
three types of optical drives: Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) and Blu-ray Disc (BD).
D. STORAGE DEVICE stores data and programs. These hold data, information, and programs permanently.
D.1. Magnetic Storage
D.1.1. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) - also known as hard drive, is a magnetic storage device that is installed
inside the computer. The hard drive is used as permanent storage for data.
D.1.2. Floppy Disk - is a removable data storage magnetic medium that housed in a rigid plastic cartridge
measuring 3.5 inches square and about 2millimeters thick. Also called a "3.5-inch diskette," it can
store up to 1.44 megabytes (MB) of data.
D.2. Optical Storage
D.2.1. BD (Blu-ray Disc) – is simply called as Blu-Ray, a digital optical disc data storage format. It was
designed to supersede the DVD format, and is capable of storing several hours of video in high
definition.
D.2.2. CD (Compact Disc) - also called optical disc is a nonmagnetic, polished metal disk used to store
digital information. The disc is read by the CD- ROM.
D.2.3. DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) - an optical disc technology with a 4.7 gigabyte storage capacity on a
single-sided, one-layered disk, which is enough for a 133-minute movie.
D.3. Flash Memory
D.3.1. Solid State Drive – is a storage medium that uses non-volatile memory.
D.3.2. Memory Card – is a solid-state electronic flash memory data storage device
used with digital cameras, handheld and tablet/mobile computers and other electronics
D.3.3. USB flash drive - is a plug-and-play portable storage device that uses flash memory and is
lightweight enough to attach to a key chain. A USB drive can be used in place of a floppy disk, Zip
drive disk, or CD.
 2. SOFTWARE– this term refers to the collection of electronic instructions that tells the computer what to
do. It is a computer program that is installed in your computer. The diagram below shows the
classification of software.
Kinds of Computer Software

A. System Software coordinates the activities and functions of hardware and software. It controls the
operations of computer hardware and provides an environment or platform for all the other types of
software to work in. It is the most basic type of software in any computer system, which is essential for
other programs, applications and the whole computer system to function.
A.1. Operating System – is the program that, after being initially loaded into computer by a boot program,
manages all the other programs in a computer.
Examples– Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Ubuntu
A.2. Utility Programs – are small, powerful programs with a limited capability, they are usually operated by
the user to maintain a smooth running of the computer system.
B. Application Software is a computer program that performs a specific task.
(Application software examples – MS Office, OpenOffice, Media Players, MS Access, educational
software, media development software, Antivirus software, etc.)
3. Peopleware – the most important element of a computer system is its users. The following types of people
interact with a computer system:
a. System Analysts - are people who design the operation and processing of the system
b. System Programmers – are people who write codes and programs to implement the working of the
system.
c. System Operators – are people who operate the system and use it for different purposes. Also called
the end users like students, teachers, and other professionals.
II. HOW THE COMPUTER WORKS?
Data are raw facts about things, events, or activities that are captured, recorded, and stored on the computer.
These can be in the form of words, numbers, or pictures.
Data become information when these have been arranged or organized to be of use and to have meaning to
the user.
INPUT – in this step, data are entered into the computer through input devices, such as keyboard and mouse.
PROCESS – is the computer’s method of analyzing, managing, or manipulating data. The data entered into the
computer undergo changes. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) directs the operation of the input and
output devices to create the needed information.
OUTPUT – You get the output once the computer is finished processing the data. It could be displayed on the monitor,
printed on paper, or heard through speakers.
STORAGE – The processed data are kept for future use. We use Hard Disk Drive to store the information.
III. Common Computer Applications Used in Performing Computer Related Duties

1. Microsoft Office Application – is a package application developed by Microsoft and is intended to be used in
offices and schools.
a. MS Word – A word processing application used for creating documents such as letters, brochures, activity
programs, and learning activities.
b. MS Excel – is a spreadsheet program ideal for entering, calculating, and analyzing numeric data such as
sales figures, sales taxes, and students’ grades.
c. MS PowerPoint – is a presentation tool that uses graphical approach to presentation in the form of slides. Its
primary function is to help a presenter deliver its presentation effectively.
2. Photo Editing Software – is commonly used in editing and enhancing photos that would give you an excellent
output.
3. Video Editing Software – is used to edit movies or video clips.
4. Web Browsers – is an application used to access information on the World Wide Web. Web browsers interpret
and display HTML web pages, applications, JavaScript, and other content hosted on web servers in the form of
text, pictures, audio, and video.
Search Engine is a program that enables the users to search for documents or information on the World Wide
Web.
How to search information on the World Wide Web?
1. Click a browser that you want to use – Chrome, Firefox or Edge
2. Type the search engine that you want to use in the web browser’s URL (Uniform Resource Locator) and press the
Enter key.
*To bookmark a page, just click the star icon on the right side of the browser.
3. Use the search tab or the address bar of your search engine to find information on the web.
When searching for an information on the web, the results are categorized – All, Images, Videos, Maps, News, More,

Activity no. 1 Fill in the missing word/s to complete the sentence.

1. A _____________ is an electronic machine that processes information. It takes in raw information using
______ devices, stores in the memory until it is ready to be processed in the processing unit and sends
out results using _________ devices.
2. A ________________________ is a collection of entities that are designed to receive, process,
manage and present information in a meaningful format. It has three elements: _________________,
___________________, and ________________.
3. A computer _________________ refers to the physical, tangible computer equipment and devices
which provides support for major functions such as _________, process, _________, and storage.
4. Keyboard, mouse, scanner, and microphone are _______ devices.
5. Monitor, printer, speaker, and projector are __________ devices.
6. Motherboard, CPU, RAM, and GPU are ____________ devices.
7. Computer ________________ device store data and programs.
8. A computer ____________ refers to the collection of electronic instructions that tells the computer what
to do.
9. A ____________ browser is an application used to access information on the World Wide Web.

ASSESSMENT
TEST 1 Directions: Classify the following devices. Bullet A) ID for input device, B) PD for process device,
C) OD for output device and (D)SD for storage device.
___________ 1. Mouse___________ 2. Printer___________ 3. Monitor___________ 4. USB Flash Drive
___________ 5. Speaker___________ 6. Hard Disk Drive___________ 7. Keyboard___________ 8. SSD
___________ 9. Scanner___________ 10. GPU
Test II. TRUE or FALSE Bullet Letter A for True, AND If false bullet letter B

______11. In this digital world, having the knowledge and skills in computer servicing is the start and most
fundamental of all.
_______12. The computer system is a collection of entities like hardware, software and electricity.
_______13. The system unit is the main part of a desktop computer.
_______14. Software refers to the collection of electronic instructions that tells the computer what to do.
_______15. Make sure the pins are misaligned when connecting a cable connector.

Test III. Multiple Choice Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

16. The numbers, letters, and symbols that you enter into the computer are called _____________.
a. Data b, Knowledge c. Facts d, Information
17. The computer takes data and works on them. This is called _________
a, Input b, Output c, Processing d, Storage
18. The part of the computer that processes data is the _______________
a, Mouse b, Keyboard c, Printer d, CPU
19. When the computer finished processing data. You get _____________
a, Input b, Output c. Data d, Numbers
20. Information produced by the computer can be stored on ____________
a, Hard Disk b, Monitor c. Mouse d, Keyboard
21. ___________ is an electronic machine that processes information.
a, Computer b, Motherboard c. Video Card d, Peopleware
22. ____________ is the main circuitry board of the computer.
a, Keyboard b, Motherboard c. Power Supply d, System Fan
23. ____________ is the brain of the computer.
a, CPU b, Ram c, HDD d. FDD
24. ___________ is the primary storage of the computer.
a, RAM b, CPU c, HDD d. SSD
25. An application use to access information on the World Wide Web.
a, MS Word b, MS word c. Web Browser d Search Engine
Additional Activities. Finger Keyboarding Assignment
Directions: Draw a diagram of proper hand position using a keyboard and label each finger with the keys
assigned. Draw on your TLE CSS activity notebook.
I. References:
https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/search?filter=&search_param=all&query=MELCS
https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/folders/1shilyflnsXW6Thz-P0b4otJuferPkQDV?fbclid=IwAR1bfsGxH_ocenzh4269-
IsXk7e7uUNoNkt6KG1vXNcLi3oWX11gw5i1who
https://www.proprofs.com/discuss/c/computer
https://www.academia.edu/34890204/._CBLM_Perform_Computer
https://sites.google.com/site/fixurpc1974/common/pc-operations
https://www.google.com/search?q=pictures+of+the+computer+parts&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjU4fC9-
pLqAhVSPHAKHf4ICbMQ_AUoAXoECBIQAw&biw=1280&bih=610#imgrc=TuPFGHuiYyqScM
https://www.scribd.com/document/380828448/lm-chs-140627062037-phpapp01
https://theictbook.com/components-of-the-system-unit-and-their-functions/
https://www.e-tesda.gov.ph/course/view.php?id=81
https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/computerbasics/basic-parts-of-a-computer/1/

Directions: This is a computer-generated

quiz. Blacken/shade the letter of your
choice neatly and properly, if possible,
please avoid erasures it may false
detected as a mistake.

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

JOEL P. RODRIGUEZ ROBERTO D. MORAN
TLE Coordinator Head Teacher IV
CASAY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL