MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

DILKAP RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT

STUDIES(POLYTECHNIC)

MICRO PROJECT
Academic year: 2021-2022

TITLE OF PROJECT
COMPONENT PARTS OF RAILWAY

Program: CE Program code: CE4I

Course:RBE Course code: 22403

 MAHARASHTRA STATE
BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
Certificate
This is to certify that Mr. /Ms. AKASH ASHOK CHOURASIA

Roll No.of 13-IV Semester of Diploma in CIVIL.

DILKAP RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT

STUDIES(POLYTECHNIC)of Institute, DRIEMS POLYTECHNIC (Code:1748) has completed
the Micro Project satisfactorily in Subject–RAILWAY & BRIDGE ENGINEERING (22403)
for the academic year 2021 – 2022 as prescribed in the curriculum.

Enrollment No: 2017480031

Exam. Seat No: 140733

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal

PROF.SHUBHAM OTARI
 Group Details:

Sr. Name of group members Roll No Enrollment Seat No

No No
01 AKASH CHOURASIA 13 2017480031
02 PRAVEENKUMAR DHIKKA 19 2117480041
03 PAWAN KUMAR DHIKKA 18 2117480040

Name Of Guide: PROF. SHUBHAM OTARI

 INDEX

SR.NO PARTICULAR PAGE NO.

.

1 INTRODUCTION

COMPONENT PARTS OF RAIL TRACK

2

RAIL SECTION
3

4 SLEEPERS

5 FASTENING IN RAILWAY

BALLAST
6

SUBGRADE AND EMBANKMENT

7
Introduction

Components of railway track are rail section, sleepers,

ballast, rail fastenings and subgrade and embankments. I
will walk you through each of them in detail. You will get to
learn about the functions of rails, functions of sleepers,
functions of ballast and about fastening of railway.
Component Parts Of Rail Track
1. Rail sections
2. Sleepers
3. Fastening in Railway
4. Ballast
5. Subgrade and Embankment
Rail sections

Important among all components of railway track

The rail provides a hard, smooth and unchanging surface for the passage
of heavy moving loads. Rails are made of high carbon steel to withstand
wear and tear. Flat footed rails are mostly used in railway track. I will tell
you the major functions of rails now.
Function of rails
Rails provide a continuous and level surface for the movement of the
trains with minimum friction with steel wheels of the rolling stock
Rails provide strength, durability and lateral guidance to the track
Rails transmit the axle load to sleepers, which transfer the same load to
the underlying ballast and formation
Rails bear the stresses developed due to heavy vertical loads, breaking
forces and temperature variance.
So, that’s it about the rail sections and the important functions of rails.
Let’s move on to the second member in the list of components of railway
track.
Sleepers

Sleepers in railway
The support which keeps the rails apart at required distance, supports
the rail and distribute the load to the ballast are called as sleepers.
Sleepers are of different materials such as wood, steel, cast_iron, RCC
and Prestressed concrete
Time to peep into the major functions of sleepers.
Functions of sleepers
The important functions of sleepers are,
 To hold the rails to proper gauge in all situations. That is, exact
gauge along straights and flat curves, slightly loose on sharp curves
and slightly tight in diamond crossings.
 To support the rails firmly and evenly throughout.
 To distribute the load transmitted through rails over large area of
ballast underneath or to the bridge girders.
 To hold the rails to proper level in turnouts and crossovers, and at
1 in 20 in ward slope along straight tracks.
 To provide an elastic medium between the rails and ballast and also
to absorb the vibrations caused due to moving axle loads
 To maintain proper alignment of the track. On curves proper cant is
provided by raising the outer rail and tamping the required quantity
of ballast below the rails
 To provide the general stability of the permanent way throughout
 To provide the insulation of track for the electrified for signaling
 To provide easy replacement of the rail fastenings without any
serious traffic disturbances
Fastening in Railway

Fastening in railway
Fastening in railway is used to connect the rails and sleepers together
in their proper positions. The fixtures and fastening used in track fittings
are,
Fish plates
Spike
Bolts
Chairs
Blocks
Keys
Plates
Cool. I will close the chapter of rail fastenings by throwing some light to
the functions of rail fastenings.
Functions of Fastening in Railway
Fastening in railway has the following functions.

 Join the rails end to end to form full length of track

 To fix the rails to sleepers
 To maintain the correct alignment of the track
 To provide proper expansion gap between rails
 To maintain the required tilt of rails
 To set the points and crossings in proper position
 So, that topic too is over. Next we are going to study about ballast,
functions of ballast in particular.
Ballast

Ballast in railway
Ballast is the broken stone placed or packed below the sleepers to
transmit load from sleeper to the formation and at the same time
allowing drainage of the track.
To better understand about them, let’s have a look at the main
functions of ballast.
Functions of ballast
The major functions of ballast are,

 To provide firm and level bed for the sleepers to rest on

 To allow for maintaining correct track level without disturbing the
rail road bed
 To drain off the water quickly and to keep the sleepers in dry
conditions
 To discourage the growth of vegetation
 To protect the surface of formation and to form an elastic bed
 To hold the sleepers in position during the passage of trains
 To transmit and distribute the loads from the sleepers to the
formation
 To provide lateral stability to the track as a whole
Almost at the end of the journey. I will give you a snippet of information
about the last member of components of railway track.
Subgrade and embankment-
last member of components of railway track
Subgrade is the normally occurring ground which when prepared to
receive the blast and track is called formation

In a permanent way, rails are joined either by welding or by using fish

plates and are fixed with sleepers by using different types of fastenings.
Sleepers are properly placed and packed with ballast. Ballast is placed
on the prepared subgrade called formation. So, that’s where the
importance of subgrade is.
 WEEKLY PROGRESS REPORT
MICRO PROJECT

SR.NO. WEEK ACTIVITY PERFORMED SIGN OF GUIDE DATE

st
1 1 Discussion and finalization
of topic

2 2nd Preparation and submission

of Abstract
3 3rd Advantage & Disadvantage

4 4th Editing and proof Reading

of
Content
5 5th Compilation of Report And
Presentation
6 6ith Final submission of Micro
Project

Sign of the student Sign of the faculty

AKASH CHOURASIA SHUBHAM OTARI
 ANEEXURE – II

Evaluation Sheet for the Micro Project

Academic Year: 2021-22 Name of the Faculty: Shubham Otari

Course: CIVIL/ CE4I Course code: 22403 Semester: 1V

Title of the project:

Cos addressed by Micro Project:

A: Formulate grammatically correct sentences.

B: Summarize comprehension passages.
C: Use relevant words as per context.
D: Deliver prepared speeches to express ideas, thoughts and emotions.

Major learning outcomes achieved by students by doing the project

(a) Practical outcome:

1) Deliver oral presentations using correct grammar.

(b) Unit outcomes in Cognitive domain:

1) Rewrite sentences using relevant forms of verbs.

(c) Outcomes in Affective domain:

1) Function as team member
2) Follow Ethics
Comments/suggestions about team work /leadership/inter-personal communication (if any)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Marks out of 6 for Marks out of 4for

performance in performance in
Roll No Student Name group activity oral/ presentation Total out of 10
(D5 Col.8) (D5 Col.9)
13 AKASH
CHOURASIA

(Signature of Faculty)