MATHEMATICS

Practical Problems
1. The function to be maximized or minimized may be expressed in terms of only one independent
variable by using the given conditions.
2. If given word is mentioned before any quantity that quantity will be considered as constant quantity.

Some useful results

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1. Volume of sphere = %&3
$

2. Surface area of sphere = 4 %&2

3. Volume of right circular cylinder = %&2h
4. Total surface area of right circular cylinder = 2%&h + 2%&2
5. Curved surface area of right circular cylinder = 2%&h
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6. Volume of right circular cone = %&2h
$
7. Curved surface area = %&/
8. Total surface area = %&2 + %&/
9. Volume of box = /2ℎ
10. Area of box = 2(/2 + 2ℎ + /ℎ)
11. Volume of cube = a3
12. Area of cube = 6a2
- - -
13. Area of triangle = ab sin C = bc sin A = ca sin
8 8 8

1. Prove that of all rectangle with given perimeter, the square has the largest area.
2. A wire of length 28 m is to be cut into two pieces. One of the pieces is to be made into square and the
other into a circle what should be the length of the two pieces such that the combined area of the square
and the circle is minimum.
Ans. Square: 112/(% + 4)
Circular : 28 % /(% + 4)
3. Prove that the height of the cylinder of maximum volume that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius R is
2R/√3 also find the maximum volume.
4. Prove that the rectangle of maximum area that can be inscribed in a circle is a square.
5. Prove that the height of a close right circular cylinder of given surface area and maximum volume is
equal to the diameter of base.
6. A rectangle is inscribed in a semicircle with one of its sides on the diameter of the semicircle. Find the
dimensions of the rectangle such that its area is maximum,Also find the area.
7. Prove that radius of right circular cylinder of greatest curved surface area which can be inscribed in a
given cone is ½ of that of the cone.
8. Prove that the right circular cone of least curved surface and given volume has an altitude equal to √2
times the radius of the base.
9. Prove that the semi-vertical angle of a right circular cone of maximum volume and given slant height is
taBC- √2.

E2C Maths Forum Page 1

By: ER. Ashok Kumar
Trained from Career Point, KOTA (RAJ.)
Address : Beside Siliguri Child Welfare Society, Baghajatin Park, Siliguri, Contact No : 9046278670
 MATHEMATICS

10. Prove that the right circular cylinder of given volume, open at the top has minimum total surface area, if
its height is equal to the radius of the base.
11. Prove that the volume of the greatest cylinder can be inscribed in a cone of height ℎ and semi-vertical
angle D is 4/27%h3taB8 D.
12. Prove that the height of the cylinder of maximum volume that can be inscribed in cone of height ℎ is
ℎ/3.
13. An open tank with a square base and vertical sides is to be constructed from a metal sheet so as to hold
a given quantity of water. Prove that the total surface area is least when depth of the tank is ½ its width.
FG IG
14. Find the area of the greatest rectangle that can be inscribed in an ellipse + = 1.
HG JG
FG IG
15. Find the maximum area of an isosceles triangle in the ellipse + = 1, with its vertex at one end of
8K -L
major axis.
16. Prove that a triangle of maximum area that can be inscribed in a circle of radius ‘a’ is an equilateral
triangle.
17. Prove that the least perimeter of an isosceles triangle in which a circle of radius ‘&’ can be inscribed is
6√3 r.
18. Prove that the area of a right angle triangle of given hypotenuse is maximum when the triangle is
isosceles.
19. A box of maximum volume with top open is to be made by cutting out 4 equal squares from 4 corners of
a square tin sheet of side length ‘P’ feet and then folding up the flaps. Find the side of the square to be
cut off.
Ans :P/6
20. An open box with a square base is to be made out of a given quantity of cardboard of area c2 square
units. Prove that the maximum volume of the box is c3/6√3 cubic units.
21. An open topped box is to be constructed by removing equal squares from each corner of a 3 metre by 8
metre rectangular sheet of aluminium and folding up the sides, find the volume of the largest such box.
8QQ
Ans : m3
8R
F F
22. Manufacturer can sell T items at a price of Rs U5 − W each. The cost price of T item is Rs U + 500W.
-QQ K
Find the number of items he should sell to earn maximum profit.
Ans : 240 items
23. A window of fixed perimeter (including base of the arc) is in the form of a rectangle surmounted by a
semi-circle. The semi-circular portion is fitted with coloured glass while the rectangular portion is fitted
with clear glass. The clear glass transmits 3 times as much light per square metre as the coloured glass
does. What is the ratio of the sides of the rectangle such that the window transmits the maximum light.
Ans :6 : 6+ %
24. A window has the shape of a rectangle surmounted by an equilateral triangle. If the perimeter of
window is 12m, find the dimensions of the rectangle that will produce the largest area of the window.
8#CL√$
Ans :
YC√$
12/8−√3
25. A window is in the form of a rectangle surmounted by a semicircular opening. The total perimeter of the
window is 10m. find the dimensions of the rectangle so as to admit maximum light through the whole
opening.
8Q -Q
Ans : ,
Z[# Z[#
26. If the sum of the lengths of the hypotenuse and the side of the right angle triangle is given. Prove that
the area of the triangle is maximum when the angle between them is %/3.

E2C Maths Forum Page 2

By: ER. Ashok Kumar
Trained from Career Point, KOTA (RAJ.)
Address : Beside Siliguri Child Welfare Society, Baghajatin Park, Siliguri, Contact No : 9046278670