Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology

Universiti Malaysia Perlis

EMT20405 – Electrical Machines & Drive System

Integration

RY88 – B.Tech Electrical Engineering

Technology Maintenance System
Sem 2, Session 2021/2022

ASSIGNMENT 1

ASSESSMENT: INDIVIDUAL

Name : NUR SYAFIQAH BT MOHD SHAHIR

Matrix No : 201492752
EMT20405 - Electrical Machines & Drive System Integration

Assessment: Individual

a. With the aid of figure, explain the principal operation of single-phase induction motor.

As is well known, any work involving an electric motor, whether AC or DC, requires two
fluxes. This is because the torque is created by the interplay of these two fluxes. The
induction motor's rotor also does not rotate in this circumstance. The single-phase induction
motor does not start on its own as a result of this. It necessitates a unique approach.

When the single-phase stator windings are energized and the motor turns in another direction,
the motor continues to rotate in the direction in which it began. The starter device is then
removed.

The performance of this single-phase induction motor is studied using two theories: the cross-
field theory and the field theory. As well as another multiple-round field theory The
explanation explains why the rotor produces torque while it rotates, and there is no difference
between the two theories.
b. The full load speed of three phase, 230 V, 4-pole, 60 Hz induction motor is 1450 rpm. Determine
the:

i. Synchronous
speed
120𝑓
𝑁𝑠 =
𝑃
120 𝑥 60𝐻𝑧
𝑁𝑠 =
4𝑃𝑜𝑙𝑒
𝑁𝑠 = 1800 𝑟𝑝𝑚
ii. Slip

𝑁𝑠 − 𝑁𝑟
𝑠𝑙𝑖𝑝 (𝑠) = 𝑥 100
𝑁𝑠
1800 𝑟𝑝𝑚 − 1450 𝑟𝑝𝑚
𝑠𝑙𝑖𝑝 (𝑠) = 𝑥 100
1800 𝑟𝑝𝑚
𝑠𝑙𝑖𝑝 (𝑠) = 19.44 %

iii. Rotor frequency

𝑝 𝑥 𝑠𝑙𝑖𝑝 (𝑠)
𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟 =
120
4𝑝 𝑥 19.44%
𝑓𝑟 =
120
𝑓𝑟 = 0.65 𝐻𝑧
c. An induction motor has a starting current, which is many times the rated current of the motor,
and this cause problem for the power systems that the motors are connected to. Explain the
solution to reduce the starting current of the motor.

The solution to reducing the starting current of the motor is to use the star/delta starting
method. To start a 3-phase induction motor, usually using this star/delta stater method. It
connects to the input via a star connection during the start-up period. Then, the motor is
connected via a delta connection after the motor reaches the required speed.

The second solution is a soft starter, where it is placed inside the control panel and will be
supplied with 3-phase power at the top. As for the bottom, it supplies 3-phase power to
the motor. The start/stop wiring can directly control this soft starter. It also includes
ethernet that can control soft stater.

Finally, use the method of variable frequency drives or variable speed drives (VFD)
where it is a motor controller. It drives an electric motor by changing the frequency and
voltage of its power supply. There is a capacity on the VCD intended to control the ramp-
up and ramp-down of the motor during start or stop, respectively.
d. Draw the schematic diagram of motor control system for Star-Delta starter of 3 phase Induction
Motor. The circuit must have a control input of switch, timer to change from Star to Delta and
protection devices. Explain the operation of the circuit.

• The most common reduced voltage starter is probably a star/delta starter. It

aims to reduce the starting current applied to the motor during starting. It is
used as a way to reduce interruptions and disruptions to the electricity supply.

• The electronic timer that calculates the coil time is a star/delta timer. It blocks
the circuit when the time exceeds the present time and it also provides energy.